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甘蓝型双低油菜品种豫油2号的选育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
豫油2号是用系谱法从“(7818×Marnoo)F_2×QVa”的杂种后代中选育的甘蓝型双低油菜品种.该品种具有高产、优质、抗(耐)病等特性.在河南省三年区试、两年生产示范和国家黄淮区域试验中,比双低油菜品种豫油1号(ck_1)增产15.6%,比高芥酸、高硫甙油菜品种南阳41(ck_2)增产3.8%,比低芥酸油菜品种秦油3号增产23.2%.该品种含芥酸0.244%、硫甙16.57μmol/g,含油量39.48%,达到了国际优质油菜标准.较抗(耐)病毒病和菌核病. 相似文献
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甘蓝型杂交油菜新品种黔油16号的选育 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
黔油16号为细胞质雄性不育甘蓝型杂交油菜新品种,其组合为98-8 A×98-8 C,98-8 A属PolCMS系统转育而成。在贵州省和国家(长江上游)区域试验中,平均产量分别为2 762.25kg/hm2和2 397.15 kg/hm2,分别比对照品种增产18.27%和23.29%,增产均达极显著。该品种芥酸含量0.60%,硫甙含量78.03μmol/g,含油量41.84%。分别于2002年、2003年通过贵州省和国家农作物品种审定委员会审定,适宜长江上游及邻近相似生态区域油菜适宜区种植。 相似文献
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摘要：8063属半冬性甘蓝型油菜杂交种。具有高产、优质、抗逆性强等优点。其粗脂肪含量42.98%,芥酸含量0.31%,硫甙含量16.10µmol/g饼,品质达到国家对双低杂交油菜攻关的品质要求;产量与秦油2号持平略高,比常规双低优质油菜豫油2号增产5%以上,达极显著水平 相似文献
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云油杂12号是利用甘蓝型油菜萝卜细胞质雄性不育系093126 A和恢复系092197杂交组配而成的三系杂交油菜新品种.于2010-2014年度通过云南省甘蓝型油菜区域试验及生产试验.区域试验18点次试验中15点次较对照品种花油5号增产,平均单产203.28 kg/667 m2,较对照增产10.24％;2013-2014年度5点次生产试验均较对照品种花油5号增产,平均单产237.1 kg/667 m2,较对照增产19.21％.品质检测芥酸未检出,硫甙含量23.18μ mol/g,籽粒含油量46.70％.全生育期178 d,早熟,抗倒伏. 相似文献
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利用引进的杂交油菜组合89-50中的不育株为母本与双低品系Z 68作父本与之杂交、回交,育成不育株与可育株比例为1∶1稳定的双低隐性核不育两用系89-68 AB。与恢复系987测配,得到强优势组合裕油3号(黔优油408)。贵州省区域试验两年平均单产172.57 kg/667 m2,较对照(156.90 kg/667 m2)平均增产9.99%,增产达极显著水平。在贵州省生产试验中平均产量146.3 kg/667 m2,较对照油研10号减产1.81%。该品种综合性状好,丰产、稳产性好,抗病力量强,适应性广。芥酸含量2.5%,硫甙含量123.12μmol/g,含油量40.80%,适于贵州省及邻近省份相同生态区域甘蓝型油菜适宜区种植。 相似文献
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油菜杂种优势利用是我国油菜品种改良最重要的育种途径,贡油5206是以甘蓝型油菜褐籽核不育系BZ551AB与双低恢复系7(50)R杂交鉴选出的优质、高产褐籽甘蓝型杂交油菜新品种,2016-2018年参加四川省科乐油菜新品种联合试验,2年平均产量为185.31 kg/667 m2,较对照德油6号增产15.47%,芥酸平均含量0.201%,商品菜籽硫甙平均含量23.19μmol/g饼,平均含油量46.44%,籽粒褐色。2021年通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记,该品种是一个角果较多、产量较高,适合于四川平坝、丘陵地区冬油菜区种植的双低高油褐籽杂交油菜新品种,具有较高的推广应用价值。 相似文献
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为了利用芸薹属近缘属的基因资源进行油菜品种改良,探索了甘蓝型油菜×芸芥的属间杂交亲和性。以甘蓝型油菜湘油15号、中油821和J-2为母本,三营芸芥和东郊芸芥为父本,进行人工远缘杂交试验。结果表明：甘蓝型油菜与芸芥属间杂交亲和性较低,杂交亲和性的强弱与亲本材料有关,不同品种的甘蓝型油菜与不同品种的芸芥属间杂交亲和性（真杂种苗数/授粉花蕾数）不同,湘油15号与三营芸芥的亲和程度最高,为0.036,J-2和东郊芸芥的亲和程度最低,为0.014。 相似文献
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甘蓝型油菜DH群体主要品质性状相关性及主成分分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
为了研究甘蓝型油菜品质性状之间的相关性,以期有效的改良油菜的品质性状,将170份DH纯系群体于2009-2012年进行田间试验,检测油菜种子品质性状,对其表型、相关性及主成分进行分析。结果表明：亲本中芥酸含量的变异系数最大(相差15.53%)。油菜DH群体中硫甙含量的变异幅度最大(128.43μmol/g饼粕),饱和脂肪酸的变异幅度最小(1.97%)。DH群体的品质性状表型变异幅度显示出了超亲遗传的现象。除了芥酸,含油量与其他组分呈现出极显著的负相关,特别是与蛋白质含量的负相关系数最大(-0.72)；蛋白质含量与油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和硫甙含量均呈极显著的正相关,与含油量和芥酸呈极显著的负相关；除了蛋白质,其他组分含量皆与硫甙含量呈现出极显著或者不显著的负相关。通过主成分分析可将品质性状综合为油酸亚油酸酸因子,蛋白质因子,亚麻酸因子和硫甙因子,累积贡献率达到93.94%,基本反映甘蓝型油菜DH系群体脂肪酸组分信息。 相似文献
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Genetic analysis on oil content in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
High oil content is one of the most important characteristics of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) breeding. In order to understand the genetic basis of seed oil content, a series of reciprocal crosses between rapeseed parents with high oil content (53110, 61616 and 6F313), medium-oil content (Zhongshuang 9) and low oil content (51070 and 93275) were conducted. It was found that the oil content of F1 hybrid seeds in rapeseed was mainly controlled by the maternal genotype. The maternal effect value of oil content was estimated to be 0.86. The pollen parent had a xenia effect on oil content, estimated to be 0.14 which changed the mean value by 1.86 percent. The inheritance of oil content was studied in a set of 8 × 8 diallel crosses of different varieties. The results indicated that the inheritance of oil content could be explained by an additive-dominant-epistasis model. Although the dominant and additive effects played major roles and accounted for more than 70% of the total variance, there was also a small epistatic effect. The broad and narrow sense heritability of oil content was 83.88 and 36.94%, respectively. Based on the oil content differences between the reciprocal crosses in the same offspring generation (F1 and F2) in rapeseed, it could be concluded that there were significant cytoplasmic effects on oil content. In this study, two lines with significantly cytoplasmic effects, either positive or negative, were selected. 相似文献
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Summary Reciprocal cross differences were studied in a 6×6 diallel full set comprising of thirty hybrid combinations of groundnut in the F1 generation.Reciprocal cross differences were observed for growth habit in four pairs of crosses, for leaf colour, flower colour and stem pigmentation in two pairs of crosses each. It was observed that the inheritance of flower colour, stem pigmentation and testa colour which exhibited different shades of purple colour was likely to be governed by pleiotropic gene(s). Among the quantitative characters significantly positive reciprocal effects were observed in different crosses for number of mature pods per plant, weight of pods per plant and shelling percent. Marked reciprocal cross differences were observed for pod and kernel characters like pod filling, pod beak, pod constriction and testa colour. 相似文献
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The inheritance of durable resistance of selected spring barley varieties to Rhynchosporium secalis was investigated. Data from the F2 generation of a 4 × 4 diallel, without reciprocals and the F4 generation of three crosses selected out of this diallel, suggest that resistance in this sample of varieties tested is complex in inheritance. Significant additive effects were detected indicating that the resistance level of barley cultivars may be improved by the hybridisation of suitable varieties. However, the genes conferring resistance seem to be concealed by the expression of one completely dominant resistance gene in our set of varieties. These results are partly in conflict with previous results on the inheritance of resistance to R. secalis in the breeder's line ‘11258/228613A’ indicating that the effectiveness of this resistance gene may be greatly influenced by the genetic background of the current population of R. secalis. 相似文献
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Inheritance of excised-leaf water loss and relative water content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Little information is available on the genetics of excised leaf water loss and relative water content in wheat. An experiment
conducted on the F1 generation from a half-diallel set of crosses involving two drought tolerant, two moderately tolerant and two sensitive varieties
was initiated to investigate the inheritance of excised-leaf water loss and relative water content. This experiment was conducted
under glass-house and field conditions at tillering and anthesis stages of plant development. Additive gene action, in general,
played a major role in determining the inheritance of these traits. General combining ability (GCA) was the main source of
genetic variation among crosses, while specific combining ability (SCA) was negligible. Strong phenotypic correlations existed
between per se performance and GCA effects in the majority of cases. Heterosis was unimportant. Genotype-environmental interactions
and/or differential gene expression appeared to account for different results found between environments and growth stages,
respectively. Selection for relative water content appeared to be more effective at anthesis, while for excised-leaf water
loss at both stages of plant growth. In addition to drought resistance, wide differences for morphological characters and
relative positions of parental arrays revealed the possibility of obtaining desirable segregants for drought stress conditions
from the cross Kharchia 65 × WH 147.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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衣分不同陆地棉品种的产量及产量构成因素的遗传分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
选用衣分不同的陆地棉品种配置组合,率先将主基因-多基因联合世代分析与双列杂交试验分析相结合,分别从单个和整体基因水平上对棉花产量及产量构成因素进行了遗传研究。对2个高×低衣分组合的主基因-多基因6世代联合分析结果表明,各产量性状至少在1个组合中检测到主基因的存在,说明产量性状主基因存在的普遍性。由2个组合各产量性状的主基因、多基因遗传率比较得出,产量性状的主基因遗传率比多基因遗传率在不同组合间趋势变化相对较稳定;各性状在2个组合中的主基因、多基因遗传率分量不完全相同。衣分、铃重和籽指在2个组合中分别以主基因遗传为主和以多基因遗传为主;子棉产量和皮棉产量在2个组合中均以主基因遗传为主;衣指在组合I中以多基因遗传为主,在组合II中属于典型的多基因遗传;单株铃数在组合I中属于典型的主基因遗传,在组合II中以多基因遗传为主。双列杂交结果表明,陆地棉产量及产量构成因素都有较高的遗传主效应方差,产量性状受加性效应和显性效应共同控制,其中,衣分、衣指以加性效应为主;子棉产量、铃重和籽指以显性效应为主;皮棉产量和单株铃数以加性和显性效应为主。衣分和衣指的普通广义遗传率和普通狭义遗传率均最高,与联合世代分析两性状的总遗传率平均值结果趋势一致。相关和通径分析一致表明,产量构成因素中单株铃数对皮棉产量的贡献最大,衣分次之,铃重最小。 相似文献
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The levels of individual and total alkenyl glucosinolates in seeds of microspore-derived spontaneous diploid plants from low by high and low by low glucosinolate parent crosses were examined to assess the utility of haploidy in canola breeding. The distributions of lines in the populations supported previous proposals that alkenyl glucosinolate levels are under multigenic control. Levels of all of the individual glucosinolates were positively correlated and were significantly reduced in canola-quality material in comparison to rapeseed-quality material. The populations of microspore-derived lines from low × high crosses were skewed to high glucosinolate levels but the population from a low × low glucosinolate cross had a greater proportion of low glucosinolate lines. The former observations can be explained in terms of the dominance of genes for high glucosinolate levels in Brassica napus. The present findings contradict previous reports that androgenic lines have higher glucosinolate content than the parents and in fact, haploidy may select for low glucosinolate lines when crosses between low glucosinolate parents are used. 相似文献
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Summary Variation in pigment content of the flour of bread wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in the progenies of F1 and F2 of three crosses and their reciprocals. Reciprocal differences in pigment content were observed in the F1 and F2 means. Low pigment content was found to be partially dominant or over dominant in the crosses studied. There was evidence of substantial mid-parent F1 heterosis in all crosses and betterparent F1 heterosis in three crosses. In the F2, heritability estimates were moderate to high. The F2 frequency distributions were not normal. Estimation of effective factor pairs indicated the presence of one or two major gene pairs involved in the expression of pigment content in the flour. Action of modifiers was also assumed in one cross and its reciprocal. A factorial approach to metrical character suggested that the F2 segregation ratios of low pigment content to high pigment content were 3:1, 15:1, 13:3 and 9:7 for the different crosses. Utilization of the findings in a wheat breeding program is briefly discussed. 相似文献
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A. Márquez-Lema J. M. Fernández-Martínez B. Pérez-Vich L. Velasco 《Plant Breeding》2009,128(3):278-281
Seed meal amendments rich in glucosinolates are of interest for soil pest and disease control. The Ethiopian mustard ( Brassica carinata A. Braun) line N2-6215, with very high levels of seed glucosinolates (160 μmol/g), was developed from the line C-101 (116 μmol / g) following mutagenesis. The objective of this research was to study the inheritance of very high seed glucosinolate content. Plants of N2-6215 were reciprocally crossed with plants of the line C-101. The F1 , F2 , and BC1 F1 plant generations were evaluated in two environments and seeds from individual plants were analysed for total glucosinolate content. The very high glucosinolate content in N2-6215 seeds was largely subject to maternal control. No cytoplasmic effects were detected. The trait was found to be oligogenic and determined by at least two or three genes. The estimates of broad-sense heritability were 0.45 and 0.58 in both environments, whereas the estimates of narrow-sense heritability were 0.35 and 0.50. The moderate heritability and oligogenic control of the trait suggest the feasibility of breeding for increased seed glucosinolate content in Ethiopian mustard. 相似文献
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Downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora
cubensis) is the most devastating disease in muskmelon (Cucumis
melo). A generation mean analysis study was designed to determine the types of gene action and estimate the heritability for resistance
to downy mildew in four selected crosses of muskmelon. Generation mean analysis revealed that genetic dominance may be of
greater importance for expression of resistance to downy mildew in both greenhouse and field experiments and in all the crosses.
The F1 mean was significantly lesser than the mid-parent value and skewed towards resistant parent in all the crosses. Negative
sign associated with gene effects indicated, in those crosses, that disease level could be decreased in relation to midparent.
All the crosses expressed significant and positive additive (d) gene effects. Dominance (h) and dominance × dominance (l)
gene effects had opposite sign in all crosses and both experiments, which implied duplicate type of gene action. High mid-parent
heterosis in all the crosses indicated strong dominance effects (as combination of parental alleles) for resistance to downy
mildew. In all the crosses, both resistant and susceptible parent contributed one or more dominant/partially dominant factors
for resistance. Estimates of broad-sense heritability were high and relatively consistent in both experiments. The two different
screening experiments showed that fixable gene effects (d + i) were lower than the non-fixable gene effects (h + l) in all
the crosses indicating greater role of non-additive effects in the inheritance of resistance to downy mildew. Resistance to
downy appeared to be controlled mainly by dominance effects, therefore the inbred lines IIHR 121 and IIHR 122 could be used
strategically to exploit heterotic effects. 相似文献