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1.
谷胱甘肽和活性氧对哺乳动物配子作用的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章综述了近年来关于谷胱甘肽对哺乳动物精子、卵母细胞和胚胎早期发育的作用及活性氧对精子功能的影响。在雄性和雌性配子中,谷胱甘肽起着保护精子和卵母细胞免受氧化损害的作用。在卵母细胞减数分裂中谷胱甘肽具有维持纺锤体形态的作用,受精后,巯基在精核的形成中起着积极的作用,并促进早期胚胎发育到囊胚阶段。在卵母细胞成熟过程中,谷胱甘肽的浓度发生着变化。它的合成受促性腺激素的调节,在精子的发生过程中随着精子的成熟,谷胱甘肽的浓度逐渐降低,但活性氧对精子功能也有多方面的作用。文章对卵丘细胞中小分子巯基化合物在谷胱甘肽合成中的重要作用也进行了综述。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(8)
本实验旨在研究有无卵丘细胞对卵母细胞成熟及其胚胎发育能力的影响。实验分别设裸卵组、卵丘细胞与卵母细胞共培养组、卵丘-卵母细胞复合体(COCs)组(对照组),检测猪成熟卵母细胞的存活率、极体率、孤雌激活后的卵裂率、囊胚率及各组卵母细胞的谷胱甘肽合成相关基因的表达。结果表明:COCs组卵母细胞经体外培养42 h后其存活率最高(95.76%),高于裸卵组(P<0.05)和共培养组(P>0.05);COCs组第一极体排出率为71.77%,高于共培养组和裸卵组(P<0.05);COCs组在后期发育中卵裂率与囊胚率高于共培养组和裸卵组(P<0.05),而共培养组的卵裂率及囊胚率高于裸卵组(P<0.05);与COCs组相比,裸卵组显著下调了GCLM、GCLC的表达(P<0.05),共培养组中GCLM的表达与COCs组无显著差异。研究结果显示,卵丘细胞对卵母细胞的成熟及发育均有显著影响,在卵母细胞成熟过程中,卵母细胞与卵丘细胞的缝隙连接受损会对卵母细胞的成熟效率产生影响,并且在卵母细胞后期发育中,缝隙连接的完整性与否会影响后期发育能力,并可推论出随着卵丘细胞的减少和缝隙连接的破坏,会造成谷胱甘肽合成基因表达降低,从而影响卵母细胞内的谷胱甘肽合成。 相似文献
3.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(12)
为了深入探讨卵丘细胞对猪卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育的影响机制,试验设置裸卵(卵母细胞)组、共培养(卵丘细胞和裸卵母细胞)组和卵丘-卵母细胞复合体(COCs)组,将3组的猪卵母细胞体外成熟培养后,检测3组猪卵母细胞的存活率、第一极体排出率、卵裂率、囊胚率等指标,及每组卵母细胞内谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,并利用RT-qPCR技术测定了每组卵母细胞内与谷胱甘肽合成代谢相关的关键基因GPX3、GPX4的表达水平,最终从生化和分子水平揭示卵丘细胞影响猪卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育的机制。结果表明:COCs组的存活率、第一极体排出率、卵裂率及囊胚率均显著高于裸卵组(P0.05);共培养组第一极体排出率、卵裂率和囊胚率显著低于COCs组(P0.05),但卵裂率、囊胚率显著高于裸卵组(P0.05),存活率和第一极体排出率与裸卵组差异不显著(P0.05);共培养组卵母细胞谷胱甘肽含量显著低于COCs组(P0.05),但GPX3、GPX4基因的表达量与COCs组差异不显著(P0.05);裸卵组谷胱甘肽含量和GPX3、GPX4基因表达量均显著低于COCs组(P0.05)。说明在猪卵母细胞成熟过程中,卵丘细胞不仅影响卵母细胞内谷胱甘肽的含量,而且对谷胱甘肽合成代谢相关基因GPX3、GPX4的表达也有显著影响,进而影响卵母细胞成熟质量和胚胎发育效果。 相似文献
4.
《中国畜牧杂志》2016,(21)
Smad3作为哺乳动物体内TGF-β信号转导超家族中的成员,在卵子发生和胚胎发育过程中起重要作用。本文以猪卵母细胞为研究对象,通过在培养液中添加Smad3信号通路抑制剂SB431542,体外培养猪卵丘卵母细胞复合体(COCs),同时以不添加抑制剂的为对照组。用Western Blotting、定量PCR等技术检测了细胞相应变化。结果表明:5μmol/L浓度的SB431542可以抑制Smad3磷酸化作用,有效降低了卵母细胞的体外成熟率、谷胱甘肽的含量及Cyclin B1的表达量。由此可见,Smad3信号通路对卵母细胞体外成熟有重要作用。这为提高卵母细胞体外减数成熟能力,尤其是对提高单胎家畜的繁殖能力意义重大。 相似文献
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本研究通过比较体内外成熟卵母细胞中谷胱甘肽(GSH)合成相关基因(Gclc、Gclm、Gss)的表达差异,并尝试利用萝卜硫素(Sulforaphane,SFN)来提高卵母细胞中GSH的合成。利用3周龄小鼠卵母细胞进行体外成熟,结果表明:在自然成熟的卵母细胞中,Gclc、Gclm在MⅡ期附近表达较高,而卵丘细胞在MⅠ期表达较高;Gclc、Gclm在体外成熟MⅠ、MⅡ期卵母细胞中的表达均显著低于体内水平(P0.05),而在体外成熟卵丘细胞中仅MⅠ期表达水平低于体内;Gss表达水平没有显著变化。此后尝试分别添加1、5、10、20μmol/L的SFN来改善体外卵母细胞中GSH含量,结果表明添加10μmol/L SFN可以显著提高GSH合成相关基因的m RNA水平(P0.05),最终提高体外卵母细胞中谷胱甘肽含量,以达到优化体外成熟体系的目的。 相似文献
6.
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(11)
本实验探究体外成熟(IVM)培养基中添加不同浓度白藜芦醇(0、0.5、2.0、5.0μmol/L RES)对绵羊卵母细胞核质成熟的影响。IVM 24 h后观察卵丘细胞扩展率和卵母细胞第一极体形成情况,并检测卵母细胞细胞质内活性氧(ROS)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量。结果表明:与对照组相比,0.5μmol/L RES组的卵丘细胞扩展率无显著差异,卵母细胞第一极体的形成显著提高,卵母细胞胞质中ROS显著降低,GSH含量显著提高;添加量增至5.0μmol/L卵丘扩展率、第一极体形成率、胞质内GSH含量显著下降。综上所述,在绵羊卵母细胞IVM液中添加0.5μmol/L RES通过降低胞质内ROS及提高GSH含量增强卵母细胞抗氧化能力,提高卵母细胞核成熟率及胞质质量,而促进卵母细胞体外成熟。 相似文献
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间隙连接对牛卵母细胞体外成熟的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该试验通过对牛卵母细胞不同形式的处理,讨论细胞间隙连接对于其体外成熟的影响作用.在最适于卵母细胞体外成熟的浓度(1.2 IU/mL)条件下,发现卵母--卵丘细胞之间的间隙连接对卵母细胞的成熟有着直接的影响,并且是体外成熟的一个有利条件. 相似文献
10.
卵母细胞体外成熟培养技术是哺乳动物体外受精技术的重要环节之一,是应用促性腺激素和类固醇激素在体外模拟卵泡的环境,进而诱发卵母细胞成熟的一项生物技术。主要影响因素如下:1卵母细胞类型在卵母细胞体外成熟研究中,一般根据卵母细胞周围包绕卵丘细胞的情况,分为四种类型,A类:由致密多层卵丘细胞包裹的卵母细胞;B类:卵丘细胞层不完全的卵母细胞;C类:完全裸露的卵子;D类:卵丘细胞呈蜘蛛网状附着的卵母细胞。即包绕三层以上紧密卵丘细胞的卵母细胞为第一类;三层以下的为第二类;卵丘细胞扩展而疏松,卵母细胞卵质无斑块的为第三类;无卵丘细… 相似文献
11.
Glutathione content of in vivo and in vitro matured canine oocytes collected from different reproductive stages 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Kim MK Hossein MS Oh HJ Fibrianto HY Jang G Kim HJ Hong SG Park JE Kang SK Lee BC 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):627-632
Glutathione (GSH) concentrations of oocytes are considered as an important marker of the cytoplasmic maturation. The present study was designed to compare GSH concentrations of in vivo and in vitro matured canine oocytes. In vivo matured oocytes were collected 72 hr after ovulation by flushing fallopian tubes after laparotomy. Ovaries were collected from bitches with different reproductive stages, and collected oocytes were divided into 2 groups according to the size viz. < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter and cultured for 72 hr in Tissue Culture Medium-199 supplemented with 10% FBS, 2.2 mg/ml sodium bicarbonate, 2.0 microg/ml estrogen, 0.5 microg/ml FSH, 0.03 IU/ml hCG, and 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution in the presence or absence of 50 microM beta-mercaptoethanol. GSH concentrations were determined by the dithionitrobenzoic acid-glutathione disulfide (DTNB-GSSG) reductase recycling assay. GSH concentrations of immature canine oocytes were 2.9 and 3.8, 3.5 and 6.8, and 3.1 and 6.5 pM/oocyte for < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter oocyte groups at anestrous, follicular and luteal stage, respectively (P<0.05). In vivo matured oocytes had significantly higher GSH concentrations compared with in vitro matured oocytes. The GSH content was 19.2 pM/oocyte for in vivo matured oocytes, while 4.1 to 8.1 and 5.7 to 13.2 pM/oocyte for in vitro matured oocytes cultured in the absence or presence of beta-mercaptoethanol, respectively (P<0.05). Presence of beta-mercaptoethanol increased GSH synthesis in canine oocytes cultured in vitro, and oocytes collected from follicular and luteal stage was superior to anestrus oocytes. 相似文献
12.
The present study was carried out to study the effect of different maturation media on embryo development of heifer oocytes and on their glutathione (GSH) synthesis during in vitro maturation (IVM). Immature heifer oocytes were matured in parallel in one of four maturation media: (i) Tissue Culture Medium (TCM)-199 supplemented with 10 ng/ml of epidermal growth factor (EGF); (i) TCM-199 supplemented with 10 ng/ml of EGF plus 1 microg/ml of FSH; (iii) TCM-199 supplemented with 10% of foetal bovine serum (FBS) and (iv) TCM-199 supplemented with 10% of FBS plus 1 microg/ml of FSH. Cow oocytes were used as control and were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with 10 ng/ml of EGF. No differences were observed in blastocyst rate among the different heifer oocyte groups (8.8, 7.5. 8.4 and 6.8%, respectively) however, the percentage of blastocysts obtained from cow oocytes was significantly higher (30%; p < 0.01) than those obtained from heifer oocytes. De novo GSH synthesis during oocyte maturation of heifer and cow oocytes was detected. No significant differences in intracytoplasmic GSH levels were observed among the experimental heifer oocyte groups or between heifer and cow oocytes both before and after IVM. In conclusion, the blastocyst yield obtained from heifer oocytes was lower than that from cow oocytes and this fact could not be explained by significant differences in intracytoplasmic GSH contents of oocytes before or after IVM. 相似文献
13.
Lysophosphatidic acid expression in theca cells depends on the type of bovine ovarian follicle 
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下载免费PDF全文 E Sinderewicz K Grycmacher D Boruszewska I Kowalczyk‐Zięba I Woclawek‐Potocka 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(1):28-34
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) exerts various actions on the mammalian reproductive system. In cows, LPA stimulates the synthesis and secretion of luteotropic factors in the ovary, which affects the growth and development of ovarian follicles. The role of LPA in granulosa cells, oocyte and oocyte‐cumulus complex (COC) has previously been investigated; but its role in the theca layer, which is an important structural and functional component of the ovarian follicle, is still unclear. The goal of this study was to investigate the expression of LPA in theca cells originating from different bovine ovarian follicle types. Theca cells were separated from healthy, transitional and atretic ovarian follicles, based on intrafollicular estradiol: progesterone ratios. LPA concentration in the follicular fluid (FF) in different follicle types was measured, and expression of the enzymes responsible for LPA synthesis (autotaxin [AX], phospholipase A2 [PLA2]) and receptors for LPA (LPAR1‐4) were determined. The obtained results confirmed the follicle‐type dependent presence of LPA in the FF of the bovine ovarian follicles. The highest concentration of LPA was detected in follicles classified as healthy and dominant. LPAR1‐4, PLA2 and AX expression in theca cells in all of the types of follicles examined were detected at mRNA and protein level. These results suggest that theca cells can be a source of LPA synthesis other than granulosa cells and COCs, as well as the target for its action in the bovine ovarian follicle, with PLA2 and LPAR4 playing major roles in LPA synthesis and action. 相似文献
14.
半胱胺（Cysteamine）是一种重要的巯基物,在体外培养体系中添加半胱胺能够增强谷胱甘肽（GSH）的合成和胚胎发育能力。本研究旨在探讨不同浓度半胱胺处理对牛卵母细胞体外成熟和早期胚胎发育能力的影响。结果表明,在牛卵母细胞体外成熟液中添加100μM的半胱胺,其囊胚率与对照组有显著差异;但是,与同时在成熟液和发育液中都添加100μM的半胱胺组差异不显著。研究结果也表明,在牛卵母细胞体外成熟培养液中添加半胱胺会提高牛卵母细胞的囊胚发育率,而且随着浓度的增加这种作用将达到饱和,其最佳作用浓度为100μM。 相似文献
15.
M. E. Pero A. Pelagalli P. Lombardi L. Avallone 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(5):549-551
Evidence is presented that the buffalo mammary gland contains enzymes that catalyse the synthesis and utilization of glutathione. A significant, inverse correlation (r = 0.79) was detected between colostrum gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) and glutathione (GSH), suggesting that the enzyme uses GSH as a substrate for its activity. A similar trend was shown in mammary gland homogenates (r = 0.75). Our results show that GSH is secreted into buffalo colostrum and suggest that the enzyme GGT degrades it. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the involvement of GGT‐mediated GSH metabolism in the synthesis of colostrums, which elucidates the role of the enzyme that has always been reported very high in colostrum. 相似文献
16.
颗粒细胞对卵泡发育的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
卵泡发育是一个复杂的生理过程,通过间隙连接,颗粒细胞在卵母细胞的生长发育过程中起营养作用,并促进卵母细胞的成熟;颗粒细胞和膜细胞的相互作用是卵泡发育和维持正常功能的重要条件。作为卵泡发育的标志,颗粒细胞的生长分化是原始卵泡启动和生长的关键,并通过受体介导途径调控生长期卵泡的发育及卵泡闭锁,从而在卵泡发育过程中起重要的调控作用。 相似文献
17.
Yokoo M Shimizu T Kimura N Tunjung WA Matsumoto H Abe H Sasada H Rodriguez-Martinez H Sato E 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(2):263-270
Previous our studies have shown that CD44, the principal receptor for hyaluronan, is present on cumulus cells during oocyte maturation. Although hyaluronan-CD44 interaction has been implicated in cumulus expansion and/or oocyte maturation, the full significance of CD44 remains unknown. The objective of the present study was to further investigate the role of CD44 in cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation in pigs. We demonstrate here in that CD44 has a key role in oocyte maturation but not in cumulus expansion. Previous studies have reported the physiological significance of cumulus expansion in oocyte maturation. However, our results suggest that cumulus expansion is a necessary condition for oocyte maturation, but that it is not sufficient on its own. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that the CD44 of the in vitro-matured cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) had a larger molecular weight and more terminal sialic acid, which has been proven to inhibit the hyaluronan-binding ability of the receptor, than the CD44 of the in vivo-matured COCs, indicating that the hyaluronan-CD44 interactions during in vitro maturation might be insufficient compared with those in vivo. The insufficient interactions of hyaluronan-CD44 during in vitro maturation may cause the inferior capacity of fertilization and development of oocytes matured in vitro. 相似文献
18.
哺乳动物配子发生的基因表达调控包括编码基因的阶段特异性表达调控及非编码基因的转录和转录后水平调控。微小RNA(microRNA, miRNA)作为一类小的非编码RNA, 通过识别靶基因非翻译区的结合位点, 导致mRNA降解或者蛋白质翻译抑制, 从而在转录后水平发挥调控作用。近年来, miRNA在哺乳动物生殖活动中的作用逐渐被揭示, 越来越多的研究表明, miRNA在哺乳动物精子发生、精子成熟、卵母细胞成熟、卵泡发育及早期胚胎发育等过程中都发挥着重要的调节作用, 其可通过调节支持细胞的增殖和凋亡或精原细胞、精母细胞及精细胞的细胞周期进程, 在精子发生的不同阶段发挥间接或直接调控作用, 也可通过调节卵母细胞、卵丘细胞以及颗粒细胞的增殖、凋亡、激素合成和细胞间作用, 对卵母细胞的发育和成熟过程进行调控。作者主要介绍了在哺乳动物配子发生过程中, miRNA的细胞和阶段特异性表达及其对靶基因的调节作用, 以期为深入研究哺乳动物配子发生的调控机制提供参考。 相似文献