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1.
采用高效液相色谱法测定灌胃给予黄连解毒散超微细粉和细粉的家兔血浆中黄芩苷的浓度,血药浓度-时间数据经药代动力学分析软件(Pharmaceutical Kinetics Software,PKS)处理,比较黄连解毒散超微细粉和普通细粉中黄芩苷在家兔体内的药代动力学参数。结果如下:黄连解毒散超微细粉组、普通细粉组黄芩苷的药代动力学最佳模型均为二室开放模型。黄连解毒散超微细粉主要药动学参数:Ka=0.497 h-1,t1/2α=2.556 h,t1/2β=8.46 h,AUC0→∞=3.401μg.h/mL,Vd=6.752 L/kg,Tpeak=3.005 h,Cmax=0.311μg/mL;黄连解毒散普通细粉主要药动学参数:Ka=0.419 h-1,t1/2α=2.74 h,t1/2β=5.83 h,AUC0→∞=2.611μg.h/mL,Vd=12.890 L/kg,Tpeak=3.645 h,Cmax=0.215μg/mL。与细粉比较,黄连解毒散超微细粉中黄芩苷的相对生物利用度提高了30.26%。上述结果表明,黄连解毒散经超微粉碎后吸收相增大,可显著提高其有效成分黄芩苷的生物利用度。 相似文献
2.
复方黄柏颗粒剂在小鼠体内的药代动力学 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨复方黄柏颗粒剂有效成分-盐酸小檗碱在小鼠体内的药动学特征,按25 g/kg(相当于盐酸小檗碱10.95 mg/kg)的剂量经口给予小鼠复方黄柏颗粒剂,用高效液相色谱法检测用药后不同时间血浆中盐酸小檗碱的质量浓度,研究在小白鼠体内的药物动力学。结果表明口服复方黄柏颗粒的有效成分-盐酸小檗碱在小鼠体内的药时数据符合开放性二室模型,动力学方程为C=17.8e-0.859 81t 14.51e-0.636 1t。主要药代动力学参数:t1/2α为(0.81±0.07)h,t1/2β为(5.25±2.96)h,t1/2Ka为(0.76±0.05)h,AUC0→∞为(3.389 3±0.437 4)mg.L-1.h,CL/F为(3.281 8±0.446 3)L/h,Vd/F为(13.65±22.38)L/kg,Tpeak为(1.617 19±0.056 50)h,Cmax为(1.149 98±0.056 04)μg/mL。 相似文献
3.
应用新银盐法研究三氧化二砷在雏鸡体内的药物代谢动力学特征。数据经MCPKP药代动力学软件分析得出:腹腔注射三氧化二砷的药时数据符合一级吸收二室模型,动力学方程为:C=1.62916 e-0.22733t+0.15327 e-0.02024t-1.78243 e-1.36943t,其主要药代动力学参数:AUC0.13459 mg.L-1.h、Cmax 1.08215 mg.L-1、Tpeak 1.64099 h、T1/2Ka0.50605 h、T1/2α3.04841 h、T1/2β34.23920 h、Ka 1.36943 h、K120.09436 h、K210.04101 h、Kel0.11220 h。 相似文献
4.
氟苯尼考在哺乳猪体内药代动力学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的研究氟苯尼考注射液在哺乳仔猪体内的药物代谢动力学,为临床更加合理使用该药提供理论基础。方法:选取健康哺乳仔猪6头,按15mg/kg.bw肌内注射氟苯尼考,于给药后24h内采集不同时间点血浆样品,用乙酸乙酯进行二次提取,高效液相色谱-DAD检测法测定药物浓度,得到氟苯尼考在哺乳仔猪体内的药-时数据,PKS药动学软件分析得到药动学数据。结果哺乳仔猪肌内注射氟苯尼考后药动学数据符合开放式一级吸收二室模型,其重要药动学数据如下:分布半衰期tl/2α=62.12min,消除半衰期t1/2β=284.84min,药时曲线下面积AUC=75837μg·mL-·1h,tmax=100.00min,Cmax=118.96mg/L。 相似文献
5.
盐酸戊乙奎醚外消旋体在家兔体内的药代动力学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用GC-MS/SIM定量方法研究了盐酸戊乙奎醚外消旋体在家兔体内的药代动力学。结果表明,家兔单剂量肌注盐酸戊乙奎醚外消旋体后,其血药时程符合一级吸收二室模型。盐酸戊乙奎醚外消旋体在家兔体内的主要药动学参数为:t1/2α=0.12 h, t1/2β=8.40 h, t1/2Ka=0.024 h,Tmax=0.068 h, Cmax =30.21 ngmL-1,AUC =107.55 ngmL-1h。研究结果为盐酸戊乙奎醚在兽医临床上的合理应用提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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7.
为研究三苯双脒在绵羊体内动态变化的规律,采用方法如下:绵羊1次口服给药60、120、180 mg/kg体重3个剂量组,依据消除速率常数、吸收率常数、达峰时、血药浓度-时间曲线等主要药动学参数,经上海宏能软件有限公司开发的临床药物代谢动力学软件进行数据分析,符合血管外给药一级吸收一室模型,主要药动学参数为:吸收率常数Ka=0.15129h,t1/2Ka=4.74h,消除速率常数Ke=0.082 121h,t1/2Ke=8.46h,t1/2=19.03 h,达峰时tmax=8.0 h,Cmax=6257μg/L,血药浓度-时间曲线下面积AUC=300 51μg/L.h。三苯双脒肠溶片在羊体内吸收快、半衰期长等特点。说明三苯双脒肠溶片在药效试验剂量范围内比较安全。 相似文献
8.
阿维菌素微囊在家兔体内的药动学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了考察阿维菌素微囊在家免体内的药动学行为,将10只家兔随机分为2组,皮下注射阿维菌素微囊注射液（1．0mg／kg）和普通阿维菌素注射液（0．2mg／kg）,用高效液湘色谱法测定家兔血浆中阿维菌素的浓度,3P87药动学软件处理血浆药物浓度-时间数据。研究结果表明,阿维菌素微囊注射液和普通阿维菌素注射液药-时数据都符合一级吸收二室开放模型,阿维菌素微囊注射液的主要动力学参数分别是t1/2kα=21．72h;t1/2α=56．65h;t1／2β=239．43h;tmax=63．05h;Cmax=34．30ng／mL;AUC=11573．88ng／mL·h。普通阿维菌素注射液的主要动力学参数分别是t1/2kα=7．38h;t1/2α=14．59h;t1／2β=32．84h;tmax=19．78h;Cmax=20．88ng／mL;AUC=1482．04ng／mL·h。说明阿维菌素微囊化后。与普通阿维菌素注射泣相比,吸收慢,消除慢,作用时间长．生物利用度显著提高。 相似文献
9.
选用 4～ 5周龄健康蛋雏鸡 12 5只 ,按 5 mg/kg的剂量进行静脉注射和内服单诺沙星的药动学研究及生物利用研究。高效液相色谱内标法测定血浆中药物浓度 ,MCPKP药动学程序处理药时数据。静脉注射和内服给药后血药浓度—时间数据分别符合无吸收因素二室开放式模型和一级吸收一室开放式模型。静脉注射给药的主要药动学参数为 :t1 /2α=0 .3313h、t1 /2β= 5 .994 0 h、Vd=7.5 2 4 6 L/kg、AU C=5 .6 916 μg/m l· h、CLB=0 .8935 L/kg· h。内服给药后主要药动学参数为 :t1 /2 Ka=0 .30 2 9h、t1 /2 K=6 .5 12 8h、tmax=1.2 10 0 h、Cmax=0 .5 15 9μg/m l、AU C=5 .132 9μg/ml· h。生物利用度为 90 .18%。 相似文献
10.
研究自制1%氟氯苯菊酯浇泼剂在健康家犬体内的药代动力学特征。选用6条健康犬,以2mg/kg单剂量沿背中线浇泼,采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定犬血浆中氟氯苯菊酯浓度,用3P97药动软件处理药时数据,计算药代动力学参数。氟氯苯菊酯的药时数据符合一级吸收二室开放模型,主要药动学参数为:T1/2α为(3.622±1.079)h,T1/2β为(22.654±0.417)h,T1/2Ka为(1.684±0.240)h,AUC为(47.385±1.709)μg.mL-1.h,Tpeak为(4.165±0.187)h,Cmax为(1.902±0.064)μg/mL,Lagtime为(0.489±0.002)h。健康家犬单次给予氟氯苯菊酯浇泼剂后,吸收、消除均缓慢,药物在动物体内作用时间较长。 相似文献
11.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献12.
Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1982 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(7):227-229
13.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献14.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
15.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献16.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献19.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献