共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 546 毫秒
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郝淑莉 《水土保持应用技术》2011,(2):20-22
杨树沟小流域自2003年被国家批准列入大凌河流域水土保持重点治理区项目后,截止2007年,共治理水土流失面积667 hm2,治理程度达76.8%。为了客观评价水土保持措施实际发挥的效益,根据调查观测及有关统计资料,采用静态分析法计算治理期各项措施产生的直接经济效益。结果表明:该流域水土保持综合治理工程建设的累计经济效益呈现逐渐增加的形势,而且增产幅度随运行期增加产生的效益逐年扩大。由于流域综合治理措施发挥了作用,增强了蓄水保土能力,经济效益、社会效益、生态效益都得到了很大提高。 相似文献
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[目的]分析红壤丘陵区坚果林下布设不同水土保持措施下水土保持效益,为该区生态恢复建设提供支持。[方法]在浙江省临安市建立山核桃试验区,布设不同的水土保持措施野外定位观测试验小区与监测设施,研究山核桃林采取不同水土保持措施后的水土保持成效。[结果]从蓄水保土效益来看,表现为:茶树缓冲带套种杨桐空白对照小区。因此,山核桃林林下布设截、排水沟等措施,结合套种杨桐、栽植茶树缓冲带等经济作物,蓄水保土效益显著,既防治了水土流失,又增加了经济效益。[结论]实施各项水土保措施的山核桃林均具有很好的蓄水保土效益,且布设截水沟工程措施的蓄水保土效益尤其显著。 相似文献
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运用水土保持综合治理效益计算方法（GB/T15774—2008）确定了甘肃内陆河流域水土保持综合治理效益,系统分析了研究区各项措施的调水保土效益、经济效益和社会效益。结果表明:内陆河流域各措施累计调水30.40亿m3,各措施累计保土2.69亿t,调水保土主要来自于坡面措施减蚀效益;内陆河流域梯田、水保林、经济林、人工种草经济效益分别为1.25亿元,195.16亿元,4.35亿元,14.57亿元,合计215.32亿元。通过水土保持措施的布设,治理程度的提高,甘肃省内陆河流域受旱灾程度有了一定的控制,全省年均受灾面积、作物减产面积均呈逐渐减小趋势,并且改善了农村产业结构。 相似文献
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甘肃省水土保持措施的综合效益分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
基于甘肃省水土保持统计年报等统计资料和多项科研成果,确定了甘肃省水土保持各项防治措施的有效面积、蓄水保土指标和措施产投系数,分析了各项措施的蓄水保土效益、经济效益、社会效益和生态效益。研究结果表明,建国60 a来,特别是改革开放30 a来,甘肃省水土保持工作在面上治理的基础上,组织实施的多项国家重点水土保持综合治理工程,取得了显著成效,为甘肃省农村社会经济的可持续发展和资源合理配置提供了基础平台;近30 a来甘肃省各项水土保持措施的蓄水、保土和经济效益累计分别达到1.10×1010m3,5.90×109t和288亿元。最后针对甘肃省当前水土保持工作中存在的主要问题提出了对策与建议。 相似文献
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贾俊杰 《山西水土保持科技》2023,(2):31-33+49
基于平顺县白马小流域综合观测站2017-2021年降雨、径流深、植被盖度等观测资料，计算了该区土壤流失量及蓄水保土效益，得出如下结论：（1）植物措施在蓄水保土效果方面，自然植被>乔木>灌木>白羊草。（2）工程措施在蓄水保土效果方面，水平沟、水平阶、石坎梯田优于鱼鳞坑和隔坡梯田。研究成果可为我省水土保持工程建设及水土保持监测站点建设提供参考和帮助。 相似文献
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Suyundukov Ya. T. Suyundukova M. B. Bezuglova O. S. Khabirov I. K. Khasanova R. F. Semenova I. N. Rafikova Yu. S. Ilbulova G. R. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(1):27-35
Eurasian Soil Science - The results of the study of the properties of urban soils of the city of Sibay located in the mining region of the Republic of Bashkortostan are presented. A specific... 相似文献
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Kholodov V. A. Farkhodov Y. R. Yaroslavtseva N. V. Ziganshina A. R. Maksimovich S. V. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(7):998-1004
Eurasian Soil Science - Layers were step-by-step removed from macroaggregates (2–1 mm in diameter) of Protocalcic Chernozems via successive abrasion in a revolving rotator during 5, 10, 15,... 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(15-16):1631-1646
Abstract Brazil has approximately 30 million hectares of lowland areas, known locally as “Varzea,”; distributed throughout the country. Soils in these areas have the potential to support agricultural production, but very little is known about their fertility. The current experiment was undertaken to characterize the chemical and physical properties of representative “Varzea”; soils collected at 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, and 60–80 cm depth intervals from 23 sites in Goias State of Brazil. Organic matter contents averaged 42 g/kg in the surface 20 cm of soil and should make a significant contribution to overall nutrient availability. Soil pH increased slightly with depth from a mean value of 5.2 in the surface 20 cm of soil to a mean value of 5.4 in the 60–80 cm depth interval. Several soils had exchangeable Al values ≥ 1.0 cmol Al/kg, but soil Al saturation was generally less than the 60% level frequently associated with Al toxicity. However, cereal and legume production could benefit from lime addition in many of these soils. Although base saturation was fairly low in some soils, exchangeable Ca and Mg levels were, in general, adequate throughout the profile. Extractable P levels were adequate in most surface soil samples. Extractable K levels in these soils were generally low, and the application of K fertilizers should be beneficial, especially in conjunction with lime addition. The high clay content “Varzea”; soils of the Brazilian lowlands have some drainage problems but generally exhibit favorable chemical properties for crop production when compared to soils of the well‐drained Cerrados. 相似文献
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Ye. V. Rogozhina N. V. Kostina L. S. Malyukova 《Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin》2011,66(1):32-35
An estimation of potential nitrogen-fixing activity of various soil types under agrophytocenoses of tea, filbert, peach, and
pawpaw which grow in the area of Greater Sochi is given. High indicators of nitrogen fixation activity in the soil in the
course of vegetation were characteristic of agrocenoses of pawpaw, peach, and filbert. The lowest level of nitrogen fixation
was noted in the soil of a tea plantation. A negative correlation dependence of potential nitrogen-fixing activity on the
acidity of the soil solution was established. A study of the seasonal dynamics of the activity of nitrogen fixation of soils
of agrocenoses of the subtropical zone of Russia made it possible to distinguish a less active winter and more active spring-summer-autumn
periods. 相似文献
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物联网是一个集信息通信、数据交换、传感器技术与软件工程于一体的综合性产业,探讨和分析了物联网的结构体系与发展中遇到的安全问题。 相似文献
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荔枝种子从果实中剥离出来后, 即使在室内条件下, 也极易失水干缩, 潮湿环境中又易发霉而腐烂。扫描电镜观察表明: 种皮上布满纹孔, 水分散失面积很大; 种脐部为疏松的海绵组织, 且营养丰富。据此, 生产上应对种子彻底清洗, 并保存于适当湿度的环境中, 以提高其发芽率。 相似文献
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The rate of popping of popcorn was measured in oil and in air. Kinetic data for lifetimes of individual kernels from a large population were obtained in oil at six constant temperatures (180–250°C) and also in an air‐popper at 202°C. The data are characterized by an induction period, which is, significantly, followed by a first‐order decrease in the number of unpopped kernels versus time. The activation energy for the first order process is 166.7 kJ/mol between 180 and 210°C, and 53.8 kJ/mol between 210 and 250°C. These data are consistent with a model that assumes 1) that the rate of heat transfer into a kernel follows Newton's law of cooling; 2) that in a sample of kernels there exists a distribution of critical pressures; 3) that for an individual kernel, the probability of popping is directly proportional to the difference between the internal aqueous vapor pressure and the kernel's critical pressure; and 4) that the measured rate constant at any temperature is an average overall of the kernels in the sample with critical pressures equal to or less than the internal aqueous vapor pressure. Minimum popping temperatures predicted by the model are 181 ± 2°C (oil) and 187 ± 2°C (air), in good agreement with previously reported direct measurements. 相似文献
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三门峡水库库岸坍塌成因分析与防治措施研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
三门峡水库自1960年9月蓄水运行以来,库岸坍塌现象频繁发生,平均每年塌岸0.5～0.7亿m3.指出了造成库岸坍塌的原因主要是地质环境的影响以及水力条件的变化;不同的地形、地貌、地质结构和岩性特征,表现了不同的塌岸强度,其中黄土塬区为极强塌岸段,黄河Ⅱ级阶地为强烈塌岸段,黄河Ⅰ级阶地为中等强烈塌岸段;分析了引起库岸坍塌的主要水力条件有大气降水、地表水和地下水,并且不同水力条件及其变化特征,对库岸坍塌影响的方式和程度也不同;最后给出了防治库岸坍塌应采用标本兼治的原则,治标是指对塌岸进行必要的加固、支挡、衬砌等;治本就是根据引起塌岸的原因以及不同地质环境条件下的塌岸特征和水力条件,因地制宜,因害设防,从根本上进行综合治理. 相似文献