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1.
云南高原粳稻区白叶枯病菌的致病型初步鉴定 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
利用采自云南高原粳稻区病叶分离的17份水稻白叶枯病菌株,在30份水稻品种上接种进行致病型初步鉴定。研究表明可以将17个菌株分为7个致病型（Ⅰ~Ⅶ）,其中Ⅴ型菌为云南高原粳稻区的优势菌群。初步构建了一套包含7个品种（黄玉、毫糯扬、TN1、珍珠矮、IR26、南粳33、金南风）的高原粳稻白叶枯病菌的鉴别品种,明确了7个致病型在这套鉴别品种上的反应型。早生爱国3号(Xa-3)、IR1545-339(xa-5)、IRBB21（Xa-21）、扎昌龙（Xa-22t,Xa-24t）对所接种菌均表现抗病,在云南高原粳稻育种中具有较好的利用前景。 相似文献
2.
利用微卫星标记分析浙江省近年来主要水稻品种的遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用12个DNA微卫星标记分析了浙江省近年来主要的44个常规水稻品种和54个杂交水稻组合,共检测到等位基因68个,每个标记2~10个;带型数共127种,每个标记3~18种;平均多态性频率0.752,变幅为0.567~0905。常规品种和杂交组合均表现为亚种间遗传差异明显、亚种内遗传差异较小,籼型遗传多样性高于粳型。平均遗传相似系数,常规品种籼型为0.672,粳型为0.711,籼粳间为0.103,杂交组合籼型为0.636,粳型为0.669,籼粳间为0.343。聚类分析显示,以遗传相似系数0.618为阈值将常规品种分成6类,以0.601为阈值将杂交组合分成7类,且多数同类型品种或组合聚为同一类。 相似文献
3.
2009年8月8日,北方稻作科技协会组织专家对全国20个优良食味粳稻品种进行品评。水稻食味育种专家、品评专家17人及列席品评代表10人进行品评标准的讨论、制定及品评。品评方法参考日本食味品评标准,结合中国食味品评经验制定。品评结果收到比较满意效果,并引发众多思考:我国优良食味粳稻研究已经达到较高的水平;应制定更加完善的评价体系,提升品评高度;充分发挥优良食味粳稻品种的市场价值;进一步发展协会,提升协会价值。 相似文献
4.
我国常规稻主栽品种的遗传变异分析 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
采用40个SSR标记,分析了329份我国近50年来常规稻主栽品种的遗传变异。结果显示,39个SSR标记具有多态性,在多态性位点共检测到223个等位基因,每个位点2～11个,平均57个;平均Nei基因多样性指数（He）为0632。籼粳亚种间的SSR变异差异明显,籼稻平均等位基因数（Na）和Nei基因多样性指数（Na = 54,He = 0440）均高于粳稻品种（Na = 44,He = 0397）。Nei遗传相似系数表明总体样本具有较小的遗传相似度（I = 0366）,而骨干亲本具有较高的遗传相似度（籼:I = 0590;粳:I = 0590）。这导致了籼粳亚种内较高的遗传一致性（籼:I = 0558;粳:I = 0600）。早、中、晚稻各类型遗传相似度差异明显,晚籼和早粳类型具有较高的遗传变异。籼粳稻品种尤其是粳稻的聚类结果显示出较强的季节型和地域特征。这些均提示育种家应选择更广泛的亲本源以拓宽选育品种的遗传基础。 相似文献
5.
Genetic Characterization of Indigenous Rice Varieties in Eastern Himalayan Region of Northeast India
The eastern Himalayan region of Northeast （NE） India is home to a large number of indigenous rice varieties, which are traditionally classified as Oryza sativa subspecies indica, japonica or intermediate types. The classification based on traditional Cheng’s index is often inconclusive due to phenotypic plasticity of morphological characters, which are influenced by environmental conditions. We used molecular markers specific for indica and japonica subspecies to assess the degree of genetic relatedness of indigenous rice varieties in NE India. The results revealed that majority of upland （jum） and glutinous rice varieties, traditionally considered as japonica, were genetically close to the subspecies indica. All varieties of boro ecotype were found to be indica type, and only a few varieties cultivated in lowland and upland areas were japonica type. Some of the lowland varieties of the sali ecotype were intermediate between indica and japonica, and they showed a closer genetic affinity to O. rufipogon. 相似文献
6.
甬优系列杂交水稻SSR标记指纹图谱和籼粳属性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
用22个SSR分子标记对13份甬优系列杂交水稻组合及其亲本材料和6份籼粳对照种进行分析,共获得87个等位基因,每对引物扩增的等位基因数为2~8个。所有供试材料间均检测到了差异,从而建立起甬优1号~甬优6号杂交水稻组合及其亲本的DNA指纹图谱。聚类分析结果表明,9份供试材料与3份粳稻对照种聚于一类,属粳稻;4份供试材料与籼稻对照种IR36聚于一类,属籼稻。这与形态分类结果基本一致。从分子水平确认了杂交水稻甬优6号和甬优4号为籼粳亚种间杂交稻。 相似文献
7.
《Plant Production Science》2013,16(4):437-445
abstractNodal root anatomy was compared among twelve upland and lowland rice (Oryza sative L.) varieties with tropical origin which were grown in hydroponic culture and under field conditions. The traditional upland japonica varieties showed the largest diameter of root, stele, and xylem vessel followed by modern upland varieties. There was a clear varietal difference in the ratio of stele to root diameter, which was associated with the genetic group rather than with the ecosystems. The japonica varieties had a significantly larger stele diameter relative to the root diameter than indica and aus varieties. The indica and aus varieties displayed more xylem vessels per unit area of stele than the japonica varieties, but the diameter of xylem vessel was smaller. Equivalent xylem vessel diameter (De) was more dependent on the number of xylem in the indica varieties than in the japonica varieties. Distinctly different types of sclerenchyma anatomy were identified among the varieties. The development of sclerenchyma was classified into four different types based on thickening of cell wall in the outer cortical parenchyma and the number of sclerenchymatous cell layers. Like the xylem anatomy, the varietal differences in sclerenchyma development were more associated with genetic group rather than the ecotype. The japonica varieties had higher frequency of the types which have a doubled cell layer in sclerenchyma with thick cell wall than indica and aus. The difference among the genetic groups was nearly consistent across growing conditions, aerobic and submerged soils. These results indicated that sclerenchyma development is controlled by a genetic factor. 相似文献
8.
全国优质粳稻优良食味品评情况报告 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
在全国范围内进行征集和初选,筛选出黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、天津、江苏、新疆、河北、山东等省、市、自治区20个优良粳稻品种入选参加食味品评。通过品评可以看到:许多品种均表现出良好的感官食味特性,有些甚至超过日本越光品种;在我国粳稻主产区,只要加强优质食味研究开发力度均能培育出优质食味品种;碾米品质、外观品质及理化指标在对食味影响中存在的相关性需进一步验证,从而建立一套食味品质研究评价体系,使此评价体系完全符合人们对食味的要求;食味研究是一项系统工程,与品种特性、栽培技术、产地、贮藏加工条件等均密不可分;我国有一大批优质食味品种有待于加大开发、宣传、推广力度,并作为优质食味米,高标准地打入国际市场;建立研究我国粳稻食味为主的学术专家组,制定研究目标和发展规划,切实把我国粳稻食味研究做大、做强,尽快提升我国粳稻食味品质的研究水平并赶超世界先进水平。 相似文献
9.
两个云南地方粳稻品种抗稻瘟病基因分析 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
借用清泽的一套已知基因鉴别品种和日本的4个菌系和普感品种丽江新团黑谷、北方稻区推广品种中花9号及其致病性菌系Zh2-l，对云南地方糯稻品种勐旺谷-1和大白糯进行抗病基因分析。通过基因的等位性测定及被测品种与鉴别品种对菌系Zh2-1反应的比较，又根据抗病基因的复等位性，推断勐旺谷-l具有两对未知基因， 一对可能是Pi-ta位点上新的复等位基因。大白糯的两对基因属新位点的未知基因。 相似文献
10.
中国水稻品种对白背飞虱的抗性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
评价了来自中国的13个粳稻品种、11个籼稻品种、13个杂交稻组合,以及11个热带粳稻品种的杀卵作用和拒食抗性.具有杀卵作用的品种仅见于粳稻品种.测试的13个粳稻品种中,4个表现出明显的杀卵作用.重新评价了来自中国不同省份的42份粳稻和43份籼稻对白背飞虱的抗性.10个粳稻(约占24%)具有杀卵抗性,卵死亡率为53%～100%;95%以上的籼稻品种中,白背飞虱的卵死亡率低于30%;来自浙江的4个粳稻品种明显地抑制白背飞虱的取食.浙江的21个粳稻地方品种对白背飞虱拒取食和杀卵作用表现出独立性和连续变化.三千黄、长红稻和矮秆稻具有杀卵抗性,鸡脚黄和麻雀青具有拒取食抗性.这些发现表明抗白背飞虱基因在中国存在于同一生态区的粳稻地方品种中. 相似文献
11.
YU Ping YUAN Xiao-ping XU Qun WANG Cai-hong YU Han-yong WANG Yi-ping TANG Sheng-xiang WEI Xing-hua 《水稻科学》2013,20(1):39-44
We used 39 SSR markers to analyze the genetic structure of 304 major Chinese inbred rice varieties, and to compare changes in the indica or japonica components in these varieties that have been widely cultivated from the 1950s to the 1990s in China. The genetic structure analysis showed that these rice varieties were distinctly divided into two populations, indica and japonica. The sub-structure of indica varieties was more complex than that of japonica ones. Among the various lines, late-season indica and early season japonica varieties had simpler genetic backgrounds. The seasonal ecotypes were not quite consistent with the subtypes of genetic structure. Twelve SSR loci with specific differentiation between indica and japonica were used to calculate the indica/japonica components. The differences in indica/japonica components among the five decades were not significant, except for late-season indica varieties in the 1990s, which had a significantly higher japonica component. These results will help to understand the genetic structure of the major Chinese inbred rice varieties and will be useful for indica-japonica hybrid breeding in China. 相似文献
12.
高产早稻品种理想型性状的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在1989~1990年两年试验的基础上，对19个早籼和8个早粳高产品种的193个性状的育种值进行了逐步回归和通径分析。 结果表明：1)早籼高产品种共有谷草比、单株生物产量、成熟时绿叶剩存率、蜡熟期剑叶胞间CO2浓度等10个理想型性状，由这10个理想型性状建立的回归方程预测准确率均在93.87％以上且χ2 测验效果好；2)早粳高产品种共有移栽时最大叶长、主茎倒二节间直径等7个理想型性状．由这7个理想型性状建立的回归方程其预测准确率均达97．47％以上，且χ2测验效果好； 3)有3个理想型性状的广义遗传力高（>0.92）)。其它理想型性状的广义遗传力均为中等(0.50～0.76)。就几个特别重要的理想型性状对产量的作用机理进行了讨论， 相似文献
13.
几个粳稻品种穗部性状杂种优势及遗传分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以8个粳稻品种为试验材料,利用4×4不完全双列杂交方式,对16个粳稻杂交组合F1穗部性状的杂种优势及遗传参数进行了分析。结果表明,在杂种F1的穗部性状中,总粒数、一次枝梗数和一次枝梗粒数的增加是杂种优势的普遍表现,选择结实率高的组合是实现杂种优势的主要途径。在杂交育种后代选择的早期世代对总粒数、一次枝梗数和一次枝梗粒数进行选择会有较好的效果,把二次枝梗数、二次枝梗结实率和一次枝梗结实率放在高代进行选择会有较好的效果。同时,对后代亲本选择进行了探讨。 相似文献
14.
Chang Shu Jing-hao Wu Gao-ling Shi Lai-qing Lou Jun-xia Deng Jian-lin Wan Qing-sheng Cai 《水稻科学》2015,22(3):123
Hydroponic cultures were conducted to compare the aluminum(Al) tolerance among different rice(Oryza sativa L.) varieties, including indica, japonica and their hybrids. The results showed that the root growth of rice plant was inhibited in different degrees among Al treated varieties. The Al tolerance observed through relative root elongation indicated that five japonica varieties including Longjing 9, Dharial, LGC 1, Ribenyou and Koshihikari were relatively more tolerant than indica varieties. Most indica varieties in this study, such as Aus 373 and 9311(awnless), were sensitive to Al toxicity. The Al tolerance of most progenies from japonica × indica or indica × japonica crosses was constantly consistent with indica parents. The differences of Al tolerance among Longjing 9(japonica), Yangdao 6(indica) and Wuyunjing 7(japonica) were studied. Biomass and the malondial-dehyde content of Yangdao 6 under Al exposure decreased and increased, respectively, while there was no significant effect on those of Longjing 9 and Wuyunjing 7. Remarkable reduction of root activities was observed in all these three rice varieties. Significantly higher Al content in roots was found in Yangdao 6 compared to Longjing 9 or Wuyunjing 7. 相似文献
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常规粳稻新品种作单季稻种植对比试验总结 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选取7个常规粳稻品种,以武运粳23号为对照,在桐城市进行种植比较试验。结果表明,这7个常规粳稻品种均适合在桐城市作单季粳稻种植,经济性状优良,产量高,抗病性强,耐肥抗倒,平均单产11.26 t/hm~2,比对照增产23.19%。 相似文献
18.
条纹叶枯病是水稻(Oryza sativa L.)上最严重的病害之一。STV11是从籼稻Kasalath中鉴定的条纹叶枯病抗性基因,根据Kasalath型条纹叶枯病基因STV11 KAS6个碱基缺失的功能性多态性序列差异,设计基于PCR的功能性分子标记qstv11。利用此标记对299份试验材料[5份抗病品种、5份感病品种、41份辽宁省育种材料、17份日本粳型材料、142份秋光/七山占重组自交系(群体A)、85份笹锦/Habataki//笹锦回交重组自交系(群体B)、群体亲本4份]进行基因型分析并进行抗病性鉴定。结果表明,qstv11能够较好区分抗感基因型,而且在测试材料中与条纹叶枯抗性整体呈现共分离。41份辽宁材料中鉴定出含有STV11-R(抗)材料1份;日本粳型材料该位点均为STV11-S(感);群体A和B中分别筛选出粳稻背景STV11-R型材料24份和6份。 相似文献
19.
PAN Xiao-wu LI Yong-chao LI Xiao-xiang LIU Wen-qiang MING Jun LU Ting-ting TAN Jiang SHENG Xin-nian 《水稻科学》2013,20(3):165-172
Nine CBF/DREB1 homologous genes in rice were obtained by BLAST search in the NCBI database,which share conserved amino acid sequences with DREB1 protein in Arabidopsis.Three CBF genes organized in tandem,named OsCBF1,OsCBF2 and OsCBF3,showed a transient induction in the process of cold acclimation,much stronger in indica rice 93-11 compared with japonica rice Nipponbare.The candidate downstream genes OsLIP5 and OsLIP9 were induced in 93-11 but not in Nipponbare.The differential expression of CBF regulon might be caused by polymorphisms within promoter sequences between these two rice varieties.These results could be useful for utilization of CBF/DREB1 genes and illustration of differences in chilling tolerance between indica and japonica rice varieties. 相似文献
20.
为促进优质食味粳稻品种在江苏淮北地区的推广应用,于2019年引进17个优质食味粳稻品种,以徐稻9号为对照,从生育期、抗逆性、丰产性、品质等方面进行综合评价。结果表明,供试的17个品种均能在安全齐穗期内齐穗(该地区安全齐穗期为9月15日前),生育期均处于安全期范围内。比对照增产的品种有7个,其中瑞华1903产量最高,达10888.5 kg/hm^2;圣稻022生育期最短,仅131 d;南粳518株高最矮,为95.7 cm。品质测定结果显示,武运粳1706整精米率和直连淀粉含量最高,分别达75.0%和16.2%;南粳5718、南粳518、南粳2728直链淀粉含量在10.0%左右,为优良食味粳稻品种。通过产量水平、农艺性状、生育期和品质等综合分析认为,供试品种中南粳518、南粳2728丰产性较好、株高较矮,且均为优良食味品种,生产中不仅产量潜力高、米质较优,同时早熟能有效规避低温危害和缓解淮北地区稻麦茬口季节紧张矛盾,适合淮北中熟中粳稻区人工栽插、机插和直播条件下大面积推广应用。 相似文献