共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
Glomalin is a metal-sorbing glycoprotein excreted by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). One method of estimating glomalin in soils is as glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP). In this study the role of GRSP in sequestering Pb and Cd was investigated in an in situ field experiment. The effect of metal sequestration on the subsequent decomposition of GRSP was also investigated. GRSP was determined using the Bradford method as total glomalin-related soil protein (T-GRSP) and as easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EE-GRSP). After 140 days, GRSP bound Pb accounted for 0.21–1.78% of the total Pb, and GRSP bound Cd accounted for 0.38–0.98% of the total Cd content in the soil. However when compared on a soil organic matter (SOM) basis, only 4% of the Pb or Cd was bound to the GRSP fraction of the SOM compared with 40–54% of the Pb or Cd bound to the humin and fulvic acids in the SOM fraction. In soils contaminated with the highest levels of Pb and Cd, the T-GRSP (EE-GRSP) decomposition after 140 days was reduced by 8.0 (6.6)% and 7.0 (7.5)%, respectively, when compared with the controls. In the high Pb or Cd treatment groups we found that the fraction of metal bound to GRSP increased even though the total GRSP content declined over time. The mass ratio between Pb and GRSP-carbon changed from 2.3 to 271.4 mg (100 g)−1 in all Pb levels soil, while with the high-Cd treatment group the mass ratio between Cd and GRSP-carbon (0.36 mg (100 g)−1) was higher than the mass ratio seen with Cd-bound humic acid fractions. Our in situ field study shows that while GRSP does bind Pb and Cd, in the soils we investigated, the levels are insignificant compared to soil organic matter such as humic and fulvic acids. 相似文献
2.
Jia Shuxian Liu Xiaofei Lin Weisheng Zheng Yong Li Jianwei Hui Dafeng Guo Jianfen 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2022,22(3):931-941
Purpose
Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) is an essential component of soil organic C for maintaining soil quality and structure and plays a critical role in soil carbon (C) sequestration. However, how GRSP changes under nitrogen (N) deposition remains poorly understood.
Materials and methodsWe assessed total GRSP (T-GRSP) and easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP) under a control (no N input), low N addition (LN, 40 kg N ha?1 year?1), and high N addition (HN, 80 kg N ha?1 year?1) treatments in 2015 and 2016 in a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation in the subtropical China. We also analyzed soil properties contents and explored the stoichiometric ratios of soil organic C (SOC), total N (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) with GRSPs.
ResultsCompared to the control, both T-GRSP and EE-GRSP were significantly reduced under the HN treatment, but had no significant difference under the LN treatment. The ratio of T-GRSP and EE-GRSP was reduced by the N addition. Soil organic C (SOC) and dissolved organic C (DOC) were significantly affected by N addition treatments. The ratios of GRSP-C to SOC and of EEGRSP-C to SOC ranged from 6.29 to 16.07% and 1.34 to 3.52%, respectively. T-GRSP and EE-GRSP were positively correlated with SOC/TN ratio, but negatively correlated with soil TN/TP and SOC/TP ratios.
ConclusionOur results indicated that the GRSP reductions under N deposition in soil are mediated by soil C, N, and P stoichiometry, and particularly, the reduction of EE-GRSP by DOC. This study improved our mechanistic understanding of dynamics of GRSPs under increasing N enrichment in subtropical plantation ecosystems.
相似文献3.
Ying-Ning Zou A.K. Srivastava Yong-Ming Huang 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(8):1103-1114
Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), a glycoprotein of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) secreted into soil, governs the aggregate stability, but the role of GRSP in soil and plant water is sparsely studied. The 24-week-old red tangerine (Citrus tangerina) inoculated with Glomus etunicatum and G. mosseae were subjected to a soil drying for 12 days as soil water deficit (SWD). Length of SWD significantly reduced mycorrhizal colonization, soil hyphal length, and leaf and soil water potential (Ψ), but increased total GRSP (T-GRSP), easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP), and proportion of water-stable aggregates (WSAs) in >0.25 mm size, irrespective of AMF source. The AMF-inoculated seedlings showed significantly higher T-GRSP, EE-GRSP, and leaf/soil Ψ than non-AMF seedlings during SWD. A significantly positive correlation was observed for mycorrhizal colonization versus leaf or soil Ψ, and hyphal length versus leaf Ψ, suggesting that root intra- and extra-radical hyphae participated in water transport. Interestingly, in GRSP fractions, only T-GRSP was significantly positively correlated with 0.25–1 and >0.25 mm WSA and negatively with leaf and soil Ψ. These results revealed a strong glue function of T-GRSP (not EE-GRSP and hyphae) to alter the proportional distribution of WSA size, thereby aiding toward prevention of soil water loss for improving soil–plant water relations. 相似文献
4.
According to the economy theory, plants should preferentially allocate photosynthate to acquire below-ground resources under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (eCO2) but decrease below-ground C allocation when nitrogen (N) is sufficient for plant growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) represent a critical mechanism of below-ground nutrient acquisition for plants. The dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could therefore reflect the response of plant C allocation under eCO2 and N addition. We examined the responses of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) to eCO2 (approximately 700 μmol mol−1 CO2) and/or N addition (100 kg N ha−1 yr−1 as NH4NO3) in a modeled subtropical forest to better understand its potential influence on soil C storage. We hypothesized that GRSP would increase under eCO2 and decrease under N addition. Furthermore, the positive effects of eCO2 on GRSP would be offset by extra N addition, and GRSP would remain unchanged under combined eCO2 and N addition. Our results showed that the mean concentrations of easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP) and total GRSP (T-GRSP) were 0.35 ± 0.05 and 0.72 ± 0.13 mg C cm−3, respectively, which accounted for 2.76 ± 0.53% and 5.67 ± 0.92% of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the 0–10 cm soil layer. Elevated CO2 significantly increased T-GRSP by 35.02% but decreased EE-GRSP by 5.09% in the top 10 cm soil layer. The opposite responses of T-GRSP and EE-GRSP to eCO2 might result from an unchanged photosynthate investment to AMF with possible changes in their decomposition rates. The effect of N on GRSP was contrary to our hypothesis, i.e., there was a 1.72%–48.49% increase in T-GRSP and a slightly increase in EE-GRSP. Both EE-GRSP and T-GRSP concentrations increased under the combination of eCO2 and N addition, which was inconsistent with our hypothesis. The significant increase of EE-GRSP under the combination of eCO2 and N addition was partly caused by more rapid plant growth and reduced microbial diversity, and the marginal increase of T-GRSP indicated that the interaction between eCO2 and N addition offset their independent effects. In addition, the relatively higher accumulation ratios of GRSP (22.6 ± 13.6%) compared with SOC (15.9 ± 9.4%) indicated that more rapid GRSP deposition in the soil might accelerate SOC accumulation under eCO2 and N addition. Our results will improve the understanding of the functioning of GRSP in soil C sequestration under global environmental change scenarios. 相似文献
5.
[目的]阐明晋西黄土区典型人工植被类型对球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(GRSP)和团聚体稳定性的影响,以及两者之间的关系,为黄土高原地区人工植被建设与管理提供科学依据。[方法]选取晋西三川河流域4种典型人工植被(苜蓿、刺槐、侧柏和核桃),以农地为对照,分析0—100cm土层中GRSP组分、有机碳(SOC)和团聚体稳定性指标在不同植被类型下的分布差异及其相关性。[结果]不同植被类型下易球囊霉素(EE-GRSP)、总球囊霉素(T-GRSP)以及两者的比值在0—30cm土层存在显著差异,均以核桃地最高,而苜蓿地较低。不同植被下EE-GRSP/SOC和T-GRSP/SOC均随着土层深度增加而增加,分别为1.78～6.77,4.07～19.11。与农地相比,侧柏和苜蓿地分别增加了39.67%,36.62%的EE-GRSP/SOC以及39.25%和46.70%的T-GRSP/SOC,而核桃分别减少了31.07%和36.93%。平均重量直径与T-GRSP和SOC呈显著正相关关系,而与EE-GRSP/SOC呈显著负相关关系(p0.05)。[结论]不同人工植被对表层土壤GRSP的组分有明显影响,土壤团聚体稳定性不仅与GRSP的组分有关,也与其对SOC的贡献有重要关系。 相似文献
6.
南京典型利用方式土壤中球囊霉素含量及剖面分布特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用Brad-ford染色法研究了南京市5种典型利用方式土壤不同土层中(0~10、10~20、20~40 cm)球囊霉素的含量。结果表明:土壤中总球囊霉素含量为1.96~3.12 mg/g,占土壤有机碳的12.5%~29.0%,所占比例随土壤有机碳含量的增加而降低。林地和草地土壤中球囊霉素和有机碳的含量均高于3种耕作土壤(水稻田、茶园土和菜园土)。随着土层深度(0~40 cm)的增加,5种不同利用方式土壤中总球囊霉素和有机碳的含量均减小;与其他土层相比,0~10 cm土层总球囊霉素和有机碳含量均最大。耕作土壤中易提取球囊霉素更易于向总球囊霉素转化。发现5种土地利用方式下土壤中总球囊霉素含量与土壤有机碳含量极显著正相关,与土壤p H显著负相关;易提取球囊霉素与土壤有机碳含量极显著负相关。总球囊霉素和易提取球囊霉素可作为评价土壤丛枝菌根真菌活性和土壤质量的重要指标。 相似文献
7.
Yi-Can Zhang Peng Wang Qing-Hua Wu Ying-Ning Zou Qian Bao 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(4):491-500
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as a biostimulant enhance salt tolerance in plants, while the informations regarding AMF-induced changes in soil structure are only available to a limited degree. In this study, trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings were inoculated with Diversispora versiformis under 100 mM NaCl for 85 days. The salt stress considerably inhibited mycorrhizal colonization by 26%, compared with non-salt stress. Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, shoot biomass, and root biomass, length, surface area, and volume in comparison to non-mycorrhizal inoculation under salt stress or non-salt stress. Mycorrhization induced significantly higher production of easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EE-GRSP), and total glomalin-related soil protein (T-GRSP), higher percentage of water-stable aggregates (WSAs) in 0.25–0.50, 0.50–1.00, and 1.00–2.00 mm size, and lower in 2.00–4.00 mm size, regardless of non-salt stress or salt stress. Mycorrhizal soils represented higher aggregate stability (in terms of mean weight diameter) under salt and non-salt stress, which was related with root colonization, root surface area, root volume, EE-GRSP, and T-GRSP. The better soil structure by mycorrhization provided higher leaf water potential under salt stress. It suggests that mycorrhizas had a positive contribution to improve plant growth and soil structure, thereby enhancing salt tolerance. 相似文献
8.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to C and N enrichment of soil organic matter in forest soils
Increasing evidence suggests that accretion of microbial turnover products is an important driver for isotopic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) enrichment of soil organic matter (SOM). However, the exact contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to soil isotopic patterns remains unknown. In this study, we compared 13C and 15N patterns of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), which includes a main fraction derived from AMF, litter, and bulk soil in four temperate rainforests. GRSP was an abundant C and N pool in these forest soils, showing significant 13C and 15N enrichment relative to litter and bulk soil. Hence, cumulative accumulation of recalcitrant AMF turnover products in the soil profile likely contributes to 13C and 15N enrichment in forest soils. Further research on the relationship between GRSP and AMF should clarify the exact extent of this process. 相似文献
9.
苏打盐碱化土壤pH与团聚体中球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白含量的关系 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(Glomalin-related soil protein,GRSP)在土壤团聚体形成中起重要作用,与土壤团聚体稳定性正相关。土壤盐碱化破坏土壤结构,降低土壤中GRSP含量,但影响多大尺寸团聚体GRSP含量并不清楚。本文采集45个松嫩盐碱化草地土壤样品,通过干筛法分离出直径0.25、0.25~1和1~2 mm 3种不同粒级团聚体,采用Bradford法测定土壤中GRSP含量,并测定土壤盐碱化指标,经Pearson相关分析和前向选择变量多元线性回归分析,结果显示:土壤pH显著影响各粒级团聚体总球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(T-GRSP)含量和难提取球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(DE-GRSP)含量,二者存在显著负相关关系,特别是0.25~1 mm粒级团聚体DE-GRSP含量与土壤pH存在极显著负相关关系,可解释22.3%的DE-GRSP含量变化。土壤pH、电导率、碱解氮和有效磷对各粒级团聚体易提取球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(EE-GRSP)影响不显著。结果表明土壤苏打盐碱化影响0.25~1 mm团粒结构中较稳定的DE-GRSP含量,可能对土壤团聚体胶联和土壤碳存储产生负影响。 相似文献
10.
南方红壤区林下侵蚀劣地近地表植被覆盖度低,导致林下水土流失严重。接种AM真菌能够促进植被生长,改善土壤肥力,进而可以减少土壤侵蚀。以马尾松退化林地为对象,设置引种灌木(S)和引种灌木并接菌(S+AMF)2个处理,研究AM真菌接种对林下侵蚀劣地土壤碳氮及球囊霉素的影响。结果表明:接菌近1年后,菌根侵染率(MCR)在S+AMF处理的坡上部和全坡位上显著S处理(P0.05);SOC、TN、SMBC、EE-GRSP和T-GRSP含量在S+AMF处理的坡下部均显著坡中部(P0.05),而在S处理下各坡位差异均不显著(P0.05);AN、SMBN和pH在各处理不同坡位差异均不显著(P0.05);与未接菌S处理相比,接菌(S+AMF)处理对MCR、SOC、TN、SMBC、SMBN、EE-GRSP、T-GRSP、AN和pH的平均贡献率分别为43.83%±15.10%,5.33%±1.57%,14.69%±7.92%,27.88%±4.89%,39.25%±4.82%,6.90%±2.56%,12.47%±7.95%,-13.18%±6.63%和-0.71%±2.74%。简单相关和逐步回归分析表明,MCR、SOC、TN、SMBC、SMBN和球囊霉素之间呈显著正相关(P0.05),TN、SMBC和MCR解释了SOC 80.5%的变异,SOC、SMBC、SMBN和MCR共同解释了TN 90.4%的变异,而TN、SMBN、pH和MCR解释了AN 48.9%的变异,说明接菌提高了紫穗槐根系的菌根侵染率,从而间接促进了林下土壤碳氮及球囊霉素的增加,为有效改善林下侵蚀劣地土壤质量和促进植被恢复有重要的意义。 相似文献
11.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have multiple influences on ecosystem C cycling, but most research has focused on ecosystem C gains. We explore here the possibility of direct contributions of AMF to ecosystem C losses, namely via leaching of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP). We tested the hypothesis that GRSP, an operationally defined SOM pool to which AMF contribute (especially as evidenced with monoclonal antibody MAb32B11-based detection), is mobile in soils and can be lost in leachate. For two New Zealand soils, we showed that only insignificant amounts of GRSP were lost: a maximum of 0.03% of MAb32B11-immunoreactive GRSP present in soils was lost during the week-long experiment, representing a minute fraction of total leachate dissolved organic carbon (0.06%). Our data showed that this pathway of C loss may be relatively unimportant in many soils. However, other indirect contributions of AMF to soil C losses remain yet to be explored. 相似文献
12.
Mycorrhiza-released glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) influences rhizosphere properties, but it is not clear whether exogenous GRSP enhances drought tolerance of plants. In this work, easily extracted GRSP (EE-GRSP) was isolated from Satsuma mandarin soil, and half-strength EE-GRSP (0.007 mg protein mL?1) was weekly applied into rhizosphere of potted trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) exposed to well watered (WW) and drought stress (DS). After four months, EE-GRSP-treated seedlings exhibited significantly higher plant growth (plant height, leaf number and fresh weight) and root growth-related parameters (lateral root numbers and root morphology) than non-EE-GRSP-treated seedlings under both WW and DS conditions. Exogenous EE-GRSP generally significantly increased leaf water potential, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration, while dramatically decreased leaf temperature, regardless of soil water status. The seedlings treated with exogenous EE-GRSP observed significantly higher activities of leaf Fe-SOD and root Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, and Fe-SOD than untreated control under DS. Leaf abscisic acid, indole-acetic acid and methyl jasmonate concentrations were significantly higher in EE-GRSP-treated seedlings than untreated control under DS. This work firstly reported that exogenous application of EE-GRSP improved drought tolerance of trifoliate orange, thereby, offering a strong possibility in favour of EE-GRSP to be used as a plant growth regulator. 相似文献
13.
Anne C. Preger Matthias C. Rillig Chris C. Du Preez Wulf Amelung 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2007,39(2):445-453
Residues of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may be important for agroecosystem functioning due to their ability to promote soil aggregation, especially in coarse textured soils with little biomass input and low capacity to conserve soil organic matter (SOM). Our aim was to assess the fate of AMF residues with prolonged arable cropping in coarse textured soils in a subtropical savannah assuming that glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), especially the MAb32B11-immunoreactive fraction, mainly constitutes material of AMF origin. In three agroecosystems on the South African Highveld, surface soils were sampled. The former grassland soils had a history of up to 98 yr of cropping. We measured four GRSP fractions: Bradford-reactive soil protein (BRSP) and immunoreactive soil protein (IRSP), and easily extractable fractions of both. The primary grassland sites exhibited generally low contents of SOM and low GRSP contents. Prolonged arable land use of former grassland soils reduced the content of GRSP further. The decline could be described with a mono-exponential function with rate constants ranging from 0.04 to 0.41 yr−1. Depending on the GRSP fraction, steady-state conditions were reached after 11-92 yr on a level of 39-69% of the initial contents. We conclude that even though GRSP fractions had the same hypothesized origin, they comprised pools with different stability or replacement rate. Easily extractable IRSP was lost most rapidly. In contrast to carbon, nitrogen and microbial residue dynamics, GRSP contents were not reduced below a certain steady-state level, despite potentially negative management effects on AMF, such as tillage, inclusion of fallows into crop rotation and fertilization with inorganic phosphorus. The steady-state GRSP contents coincided with low, but steady agroecosystem yields under the given cropping management. 相似文献
14.
Plant invasions alter soil microbial community composition; this study examined whether invasion-induced changes in the soil microbial community were reflected in soil aggregation, an ecosystem property strongly influenced by microorganisms. Soil aggregation is regulated by many biological factors including roots, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal hyphae, and microbially-derived carbon compounds. We measured root biomass, fungal-derived glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), and aggregate mean weight diameter in serpentine soils dominated by an invasive plant (Aegilops triuncialis (goatgrass) or Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle)), or by native plants (Lasthenia californica and Plantago erecta, or Hemizonia congesta). Root biomass tended to increase in invaded soils. GRSP concentrations were lower in goatgrass-dominated soils than native soils. In contrast, starthistle dominated soil contained a higher amount of one fraction of GRSP, easily extractable immunoreactive soil protein (EE-IRSP) and a lower amount of another GRSP fraction, easily extractible Bradford reactive soil protein (EE-BRSP). Soil aggregation increased with goatgrass invasion, but did not increase with starthistle invasion. In highly aggregated serpentine soils, small increases in soil aggregation accompanying plant invasion were not related to changes in GRSP and likely have limited ecological significance. 相似文献
15.
不同施肥处理对球囊霉素土壤蛋白含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
球囊霉素是丛枝菌根真菌分泌的一种疏水性蛋白,通过研究不同施肥处理对棕壤中Bradford反应性球囊霉素土壤蛋白(GRSP)含量的影响以及GRSP与土壤有机碳之间的关系表明:不同施肥处理显著影响土壤中GRSP的含量,无机肥、有机肥以及有机-无机肥配施均显著增加农田土壤总GRSP(T-GRSP)和易提取GRSP(EE-GRSP)的含量,以有机-无机肥配施效果最好。与CK和单施NPK处理比较,有机肥施用提高土壤T-GRSP在土壤有机质(SOM)中的比例,表明有机肥促进GRSP在土壤有机质中的累积,提高GRSP对土壤有机质的贡献。同时,不同施肥处理GRSP含量与土壤有机碳(SOC)含量呈极显著相关关系。 相似文献
16.
Stefano Bedini Luciano Avio Paolo Bazzoffi Manuela Giovannetti 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2009,41(7):1491-1496
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are key organisms of the soil/plant system, influencing soil fertility and plant nutrition, and contributing to soil aggregation and soil structure stability by the combined action of extraradical hyphae and of an insoluble, hydrophobic proteinaceous substance named glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP). Since the GRSP extraction procedures have recently revealed problems related to co-extracting substances, the relationship between GRSP and AM fungi still remains to be verified. In this work the hypothesis that GRSP concentration is positively correlated with the occurrence of AM fungi was tested by using Medicago sativa plants inoculated with different isolates of Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in a microcosm experiment. Our results show that (i) mycorrhizal establishment produced an increase in GRSP concentration - compared to initial values - in contrast with non-mycorrhizal plants, which did not produce any change; (ii) aggregate stability, evaluated as mean weight diameter (MWD) of macroaggregates of 1-2 mm diameter, was significantly higher in mycorrhizal soils compared to non-mycorrhizal soil; (iii) GRSP concentration and soil aggregate stability were positively correlated with mycorrhizal root volume and weakly correlated with total root volume; (iv) MWD values of soil aggregates were positively correlated with values of total hyphal length and hyphal density of the AM fungi utilized.The different ability of AM fungal isolates to affect GRSP concentration and to form extensive and dense mycelial networks, which may directly affect soil aggregates stability by hyphal enmeshment of soil particles, suggests the possibility of selecting the most efficient isolates to be utilized for soil quality improvement and land restoration programs. 相似文献
17.
18.
Chemical characteristics of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) extracted from soils of varying organic matter content 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Glomalin is described in the literature as a N-linked glycoprotein and the putative gene product of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Since the link between glomalin and various protein fractions in soil is not yet clearly defined, glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) more appropriately describes glomalin's existence in natural organic matter (NOM). The objective of this study was to examine the chemical characteristics of GRSP present in several mineral and organic soils of varying organic carbon content. GRSP was isolated using high temperature sodium citrate extraction followed by either trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or hydrochloric acid (HCl) precipitation. GRSP was characterized by quantitative solid-state 13C DPMAS NMR, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and the Bradford assay for protein content. GRSP accounted for 25% and 52% of total C in the mineral soils and organic soil, respectively. Molar C/N and H/C ratios reveal that GRSP has less nitrogen than bovine serum albumin (BSA), and that GRSP extracted from the Pahokee peat soil possessed a more unsaturated, and thus aromatic character relative to the mineral soil GRSP, respectively. GRSP's high aromatic (42-49%) and carboxyl (24-30%) carbon contents and low aliphatic (4-11%) and carbohydrate-type carbon contents (4-16%) suggests that GRSP does not resemble a typical glycoprotein. In fact, the NMR spectra of GRSP closely resemble that of humic acid. GRSP extracted from mineral and organic soils possessed the same NMR fingerprint regardless of the precipitation method used (i.e., either TCA or HCl). It is likely that the current GRSP extraction methods, because of their similarity to the method used to extract humic acid, are coextracting both materials. 相似文献
19.
Qiang-Sheng Wu A.K. Srivastava Ming-Qin Cao Jing Wang 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):813-825
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) influence soil aggregate stability through their hyphae, roots, and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP); however, the individual effect of these factors is difficult to distinguish. Pots separated by a 37-μm mesh bag buried in the middle of each pot was used to establish root zone (root + hyphae) and hyphae zone (roots free), where the Poncirus trifoliata seedlings were colonized by Funneliformis mosseae or Paraglomus occultum in root zone. AMF inoculation significantly increased shoot, root, and plant’s total biomass, soil organic carbon, GRSP fractions, 2–4 and 1–2 mm size water-stable aggregates, and mean weight diameter (MWD) in root or hyphae zone. Within root zone, root colonization and biomass presented stronger relationship with MWD than GRSP fractions. While, within hyphae zone, total of GRSP fraction was significantly correlated with MWD. The study, suggested further that root biomass and colonization were the main mechanisms in root zone for improving aggregate stability, whereas total of GRSP fractions was of paramount importance in hyphae zone. Mycorrhizal effect on aggregate stability was observed to be contrastingly different between root zone and hyphae zone. 相似文献
20.
Deying Zhao Cungang Cheng Man Jiang Guodong Du 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(6):771-783
The effects of organic waste coverage on the quality of soil carbon (C) pools in orchards remain unclear. In this study, we performed a 3-year experiment in an 8-year-old Fuji apple orchard to investigate the effects of inter-row weed growing/inner-row pruning residue coverage (PRC), weed coverage (WC), and inter-row weed growing/inner-row non-coverage (used as a control) on the contents of soil water, available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, organic C components, glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), soil microbial biomass C, and the number of microorganisms at different soil depths. PRC increased the percentage of readily oxidizable C (ROC), whereas WC improved the percentage of soil humin (HM). Thus, PRC enhanced SOC activity, whereas WC promoted SOC stability. Moreover, soil water, available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents increased in WC in 0–20-cm soil depths as compared to that in PRC, and the correlation between total GRSP (T-GRSP) and HM (r = 0.92) was higher than that between T-GRSP and ROC (r = 0.79). Therefore, T-GRSP is important in HM formation and maintaining stability of C pools. Overall, these results improve our understanding of the positive effect of organic waste coverage on soil internal C cycling and energy flow within an orchard ecosystem. 相似文献