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动物摄入被霉菌毒素污染的饲料后,可对其器官、神经、细胞等产生损伤作用,动物表现为肝、肾等器官的功能障碍,神经系统的紊乱等临床症状.文章从霉菌毒素对动物器官、神经、细胞等不同部位的损伤作用为角度,对霉菌毒素对动物的毒性作用作一综述. 相似文献
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二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(AA)是对人体非常重要的多不饱和脂肪酸,属于Omega-3不饱和脂肪酸家族中的重要成员。DHA是神经系统细胞生长及维持的一种主要元素,是大脑和视网膜的重要构成成分,在人体 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2017,(12):2327-2332
为检测神经元限制性沉默因子(REST)蛋白过表达或干扰对由PrP106-126毒性多肽引起的原代神经元死亡的影响,首先通过脂质体转染法将已经构建好的pCMV-HA-REST质粒转染原代神经元,或利用靶向REST的小干扰siRNA技术干扰原代神经元中REST蛋白的表达。用PrP106-126毒性多肽刺激构建好的REST过表达或干扰的原代神经元,利用Annexin V-FITC试剂盒检测细胞活性;利用TUNEL和Hoechest试剂盒,在激光共聚焦显微镜下直接观察细胞凋亡情况;在透射电镜下观察原代神经元亚细胞结构的变化和损伤情况;使用JC-1线粒体膜电位试剂盒检测线粒体膜电位的改变,同时检测凋亡相关蛋白FOXO1、细胞色素C以及Caspase-3的变化情况。结果显示,受到多肽刺激后,REST的过表达可减轻由毒性多肽引起的神经元死亡、神经元空泡化、细胞器损伤,抑制线粒体膜电位的改变,维持促存活蛋白FOXO1的表达,阻止线粒体向胞浆中释放细胞色素C以及Caspase-3的激活。相应地,干扰REST后,可加剧毒性多肽对神经元的损伤并抑制FOXO1的表达。这表明REST蛋白的过表达可缓解由PrP106-126毒性多肽引起的神经元死亡,对神经元起保护作用,为进一步阐释REST对朊病毒及相关神经退行性疾病引起的病理性损伤的治疗作用和神经保护机制提供依据。 相似文献
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《中国饲料》2014,(1)
本试验旨在建立硫酸粘菌素对PC12细胞的损伤模型,为体外筛选具有对抗硫酸粘菌素的神经毒性药物提供试验载体与平台。试验通过传代培养PC12细胞,用不同浓度的硫酸粘菌素(62.5、125、250、500、1000μg/mL)进行处理,分别于不同时间用MTT法测定细胞存活率,确定细胞损伤程度。结果显示:除62.5μg/mL硫酸粘菌素在作用12 h内对PC12细胞表现出促细胞生长作用外,其他各浓度对细胞损伤程度均呈现浓度和时间依赖性。根据试验结果分析表明,将密度为1×105个/mL PC12细胞接种于96孔板中,孵育24 h后,予以125μg/mL硫酸粘菌素作用24 h可成功建立可靠的硫酸粘菌素诱导的PC12细胞损伤模型。 相似文献
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观察牛磺鹅去氧胆酸 (taurochenodeoxycholic acid,TCDCA)对大鼠佐剂性关节炎(adjuvant arthritis,AA)模型成纤维样滑膜(fibroblast-like synoviocytes,FLS)细胞脂皮素-1(lipocortin 1,LC-1)基因表达的影响,并探讨TCDCA对AA大鼠FLS的作用机制。 制备AA大鼠模型,采用组织块培养法分离培养AA大鼠FLS,应用荧光定量RT-PCR技术检测TCDCA对AA大鼠FLS细胞LC-1 mRNA表达的影响。与模型组相比,TCDCA作用组AA大鼠FLS细胞LC-1 mRNA的表达显著高于模型组(P<0.05)。说明TCDCA能显著促进AA大鼠FLS细胞LC-1 mRNA的表达。 相似文献
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为阐明苦马豆素(SW)对新生SD大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞凋亡的影响,利用新生SD大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞体外原代培养模型,采用倒置相差显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及荧光显微镜观察SW对神经细胞的形态学损伤,运用流式细胞仪检测神经细胞凋亡率。结果显示,与对照组比较,各试验组神经细胞密度降低,神经网络减少且部分断裂;细胞表面粗糙,可见大量突起的小泡;细胞核出现浓缩、碎裂及新月形变化;随攻毒剂量的增加,神经细胞凋亡率呈明显上升趋势,与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05)。结果表明,SW能诱导新生SD大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞发生凋亡,这可能是SW导致动物神经毒性损伤的作用机制之一。 相似文献
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M O el-Shazly M M Afify M K el-Dieb 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1989,43(2):319-326
The effect of cis-chlorodiamine platinum (cisplatin) on different tissues of rat was studied. Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity were clearly observed both clinically and histologically. The minimising action of penicillamine as a chelating agent and/or lasix as a diuretic on the toxic side-effect of cisplatin was also studied. Both agents succeeded in reducing the toxic side-effect of cisplatin to some extent but failed to reduce mortality among the experimental animals. The study has also manifested liver and heart to be additional organs susceptible to damage, following cisplatin treatment. 相似文献
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Benitah N de Lorimier LP Gaspar M Kitchell BE 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2003,39(3):283-287
Chlorambucil is an alkylating agent commonly used in veterinary oncology for conditions including lymphoma. Chlorambucil neurotoxicity has been well recognized in human patients. Onsets of central nervous system signs, such as myoclonus, tremors, muscular twitching, agitation, and tonic-clonic seizures, have been reported in humans and laboratory animals treated with chlorambucil. This case of a cat with intestinal lymphoma represents the first veterinary patient reported to have chlorambucil-induced neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicity should be considered a potential side effect of chlorambucil therapy in veterinary patients. 相似文献
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Botha CJ Schultz RA Van Der Lugt JJ Retief E Labuschagne L 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1999,66(3):237-244
The plant Nierembergia hippomanica var. violacea has been incriminated in field outbreaks of neurotoxicity in calves in the Free State Province. Hepatotoxicity and electrocardiogram (ECG) deviations were induced in a sheep dosed with 5 g/kg dried plant material on four consecutive days. A calf dosed with 2.5 g/kg dried plant material, on two consecutive days, did not show overt clinical changes. Voluntary ingestion of approximately 30 g/kg fresh flowering plants by a second calf resulted in nervous signs characterized by chewing motions, protrusion of the tongue, dysphagia, hypermetria, ataxia, paresis and lateral recumbency. Salivation, dehydration and cardiac irregularities completed the clinical picture. Clinical chemistry changes revealed muscle damage and increased serum urea and creatinine concentrations indicative of kidney involvement. This is the first confirmed outbreak of Nierembergia hippomanica var. violacea intoxication of stock in South Africa. 相似文献
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CNS injury: the role of the cytokine IL-1 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) and the resulting neuronal loss contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in human and domestic animal populations. Most insults induce inflammation and the expression of cytokines. The specific roles of these proteins in neurological damage and repair are not completely understood. However, members of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family have clear therapeutic potential: the IL-1 agonists, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, are induced by CNS injury, and central injection of IL-1 increases, whilst peripheral or central administration of the IL-1 antagonist, IL-1ra, reduces the extent of the damage by more than 50%. The mechanism of action of these cytokines is the subject of intense research. In this review, we summarise approaches that are being used to investigate neuronal cell death, and the contribution of inflammation and cytokines, in particular the IL-1 family, to neurodegenerative disorders. 相似文献
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R H Stewart 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》1987,3(2):371-377
Traumatic injury to the central nervous system causes immediate damage and sets in motion a complex series of pathophysiologic events that result in further neuronal injury. This secondary damage seems to be related to changes in blood flow and pressure on a systemic, regional, and microvascular level. Currently, there is evidence that these changes are, in part, mediated by endogenous opioids and arachidonic acid metabolites, namely thromboxane A2. Medical management is generally designed to intervene at one or more stages in this secondary cascade of events. Further research should lead us to better understanding of the mechanisms involved in trauma to the central nervous system and, subsequently, more specific and effective treatments. 相似文献
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Ookawa K Mochizuki K Shida E Suzuki T Suzuki T Ooba T Matumoto T Hokari Y Yokogoshi H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):593-598
In our previous experiments with rats, ovary lipid from Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) (OLS) was shown to have a mitigating effect on anxiety and/or fear in elevated T-maze tests. This suggests that OLS has some effect on the central nervous system (CNS) of rats. Thus, we performed experiments to examine the status of CNS in rats given OLS. The effect of OLS on chronic stress was also examined at the same time. The feed for control rats used oil and fat that have the same energy percentages for n-6 and n-3 fatty acids and the same n-6/n-3 ratio as OLS. As a result, rats given OLS for 28 days had lower serotonin levels in various brain areas regardless of stress application, showing that OLS affected the serotonin nervous system. From this, it was inferred that the ability of OLS to mitigate anxiety and/or fear resulted from its action on CNS, especially the serotonin nervous system. Substances other than the essential fatty acids may have been responsible for the action of OLS on monoamines and the metabolites. The effect of OLS on CNS, especially the serotonin nervous system, suggests that OLS may suppress anxiety. 相似文献
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磺胺类药物（sulfonamides，SAs）广泛应用于预防和治疗食源性动物疾病，同时也用于人类疾病的治疗。SAs的滥用导致其大量残留在食物及环境中，最终进入人体内，损害人体健康。SAs不合理使用首先导致环境危害，进一步危害人群健康，其具有的神经毒性可诱导宿主行为学改变。作者概述了SAs的滥用导致环境和食品污染的现状及其对人体的一般危害，如血液系统损害、肝肾毒性等，着重介绍了SAs暴露诱导宿主精神行为学变化，包括焦虑、抑郁和认知障碍的发生，并对其相关机制--墨蝶呤还原酶、mTOR信号和碳酸酐酶3种途径进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Oxazolone-induced gastrointestinal disorders enhance the oral transmission of
AA amyloidosis in mice
Hiroto KOBAYASHI Susumu IWAIDE Naoki UJIKE Tomoaki MURAKAMI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(6):935
Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis is a lethal disease characterized by systemic AA amyloid deposition, and is reported in many animal species. Despite experiments have shown that AA amyloidosis can be transmitted orally, horizontal transmission and cross-species transmission are concerns, the transmission mechanism has been unknown. In this study, we examined the oral transmission efficiency of AA amyloidosis using oxazolone-induced gastrointestinal disorder mice. As a result, the upper or lower gastrointestinal disorder groups developed more severe amyloid deposition in systemic tissues than the group without gastrointestinal disorders. The results of this study suggest that gastrointestinal damage promotes the oral transmission of AA amyloidosis. 相似文献
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Three clinically healthy Labrador puppies developed ataxia, hypermetria and convulsions shortly after eating the burnt crust of maize porridge. Two of the puppies died. Acrylamide toxicity was considered based on the history of all 3 puppies developing nervous signs after being exposed to a starch-based foodstuff that was subjected to high temperature during preparation. Acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity is thought to partially result from a distal axonopathy. 相似文献
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本试验旨在培养小鼠肾小管上皮细胞(renal tubular epithelial cells,RTECs),探讨马兜铃酸Ⅰ(aristolochic acid Ⅰ,AAⅠ)诱导小鼠肾小管上皮细胞的凋亡情况。AAⅠ与RTECs反应后,从细胞形态学、DNA Ladder、流式细胞仪3个方面检测AAⅠ诱导RTECs的凋亡情况。AAⅠ作用后,随着浓度的增高,上皮细胞失去上皮细胞表型,在20~80 μg/mL作用24 h后,细胞都出现晚期凋亡的特征;在20 μg/mL AAⅠ的作用下早期凋亡的比率随作用时间的延长而增高。AAⅠ可诱导小鼠原代RTECs产生凋亡,凋亡随着作用时间的延长和药物浓度的增大而加剧。 相似文献