共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 176 毫秒
1.
Ca2+参与NO对切花月季瓶插期间乙烯合成的调控 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
分别用0.1 mmol?L-1 SNP（NO供体）、0.1 mmol?L-1 SNP+0.3 mmol?L-1的TFP（CaM）、0.1 mmol?L-1 SNP+10 mmol?L-1的TFP（Ca2+螯合剂）、6 mmol?L-1 Ca2+、6 mmol?L-1 Ca2++0.05 mmol?L-1的PTIO（NO清除剂）处理切花月季‘Kardinal’,研究切花瓶插期间内源乙烯的生物合成变化以及Ca2+在NO对切花月季瓶插期间乙烯合成调控中的作用。结果表明：Ca2+处理能提高月季瓶插前期花瓣中的NOS活性,保持了花瓣中的NO的较高水平,减缓切花瓶插后期NOS活性的升高,进一步研究表明,Ca2+螯合剂EGTA和CaM的抑制剂TFP处理却可使花瓣中的ACS和ACO活性升高,ACC的含量增加,从而加速了乙烯的生物合成;同时,NO的清除剂PTIO处理也可以抑制由于Ca2+处理导致的ACS和ACO的活性降低以及乙烯合成底物ACC的含量下降。因此,Ca2+和CaM可能参与了NO对切花瓶插期间乙烯的合成调控及其信号转导。 相似文献
2.
瓶插液对储藏后牡丹“洛阳红”切花瓶插品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
dongleah@yahoo.com.cn 《中国农学通报》2006,22(3):267-267
以经过储藏12d、24d、36d的牡丹品种“洛阳红”为试材,通过测定切花瓶插期间的瓶插寿命、花径变化、鲜重变化率、水分平衡值和乙烯释放率等指标,研究了瓶插液(3%蔗糖 0.2g/LHQS 2mmolSTS)对“洛阳红”切花瓶插品质的影响。结果表明:瓶插液(3%蔗糖 0.2g/LHQS 2mmolSTS)可以显著延长“洛阳红”切花的瓶插寿命、提高其水分平衡值和花径、降低其鲜重损失和乙烯释放,提高‘洛阳红’切花的瓶插观赏品质。 相似文献
3.
以芍药‘春晓’（Paeonia lactiflora‘Chunxiao’）的切花为试验材料,采用室内瓶插的方法。在基本瓶插液（3％蔗糖＋200mg/L8-羟基喹啉＋150mg／L柠檬酸）中分别添加不同浓度赤霉素、青霉素,通过对其外部形态和衰老过程中生理生化指标的测定,探讨了赤霉素、青霉素对芍药切花采后瓶插品质的影响。结果表明,适宜浓度的赤霉素、青霉素可有效提高切花的SOD、CAT活性,降低02-生成速率、MDA含量,减少活性氧对切花的伤害;改善切花的水分平衡值,降低脯氨酸含量,减少水分胁迫对切花造成的伤害;增加可溶性蛋白质含量,为切花提供能源物质,从而延缓衰老,延长瓶插寿命,改善切花瓶插期间的观赏品质。青霉素100mg／L 处理的效果最佳,瓶插寿命比对照延长2．5d。 相似文献
4.
以芍药切花为试材,以蒸馏水为对照(CK1),3％蔗糖+200 mg/L柠檬酸+25 mg/L水杨酸为基本瓶插液(CK2),探索在基本瓶插液中添加200 mg/L羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCS)和20 mg/L纳米银(NS)对芍药切花瓶插品质及采后生理的影响.结果表明:两种药剂均可改善切花水分平衡状态,提升观赏品质.与对照(CK1)相比,CMCS和NS处理芍药切花最大花径分别增加2.17 cm、3.19 cm,瓶插寿命分别延长3.01 d、4.26 d,最佳观赏期分别延长1.87 d、2.75 d.两种杀菌剂对芍药切花生理特性的调控作用相似,均提高了芍药切花花瓣的可溶性蛋白质含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等保护酶活性,降低了相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)及游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量,其中20 mg/L NS处理的保鲜效果最好. 相似文献
5.
以香石竹切花马斯特品种为试材,以0、5 mmol/L、10 mmol/L三种浓度的二甲基硫脲(DMTU)作为瓶插液,对不同瓶插时期的香石竹切花花瓣细胞保护酶活性进行测定,以期从细胞膜保护酶水平上明确H2O2外源抑制剂DMTU改善香石竹切花应对水分胁迫能力的机理。实验结果显示:在瓶插前期用DMTU处理的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性变化平稳,过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著高于对照,瓶插后期用DMTU处理的SOD活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均显著高于对照,POD活性低于对照,说明DMTU在瓶插早期主要对POD起到了保护作用,而瓶插后期主要对SOD和CAT起到了保护作用。对不同DMTU的浓度而言,浓度为10 mmol/L清除活性氧、维持保护酶活性的作用更强,但是10 mmol/L处理的瓶插寿命短于5 mmol/L处理,5 mmol/L处理的瓶插寿命长于对照,因此DMTU的处理浓度以5 mmol/L为宜。由此可见DMTU在香石竹切花衰老时可清除活性氧,提高保护酶活性,从而缓解水分胁迫带来的膜脂过氧化,延缓花瓣衰老进程,延长其瓶插寿命。 相似文献
6.
为探究不同保鲜剂对杜鹃切花采后观赏品质的影响,并筛选出杜鹃切花的适合保鲜剂配方,以东洋杜鹃品种‘红元宝’为研究对象,采用不同保鲜剂对其进行瓶插处理,测定不同处理对切花瓶插寿命、鲜质量变化、水分平衡、质膜稳定性等生理指标和观赏品质的影响。结果表明：100～300 mg/L8-羟基喹啉对‘红元宝’切花的保鲜具有积极作用,可有效延缓花瓣边缘卷曲和萎蔫,促进花径的增大并保持更长的开花时间（18 d）,维持切花体内水分平衡,减缓其鲜质量变化及质膜透性的增加。而0.2～0.6 mmol/L硫代硫酸银处理不利于‘红元宝’杜鹃切花采后品质的保持,反而加剧了切花的衰老。经筛选,确定30 g/L蔗糖+200 mg/L 8-羟基喹啉为‘红元宝’杜鹃切花的最适保鲜剂。 相似文献
7.
为研究保鲜剂1-甲基环丙烯(1-Methylcyclopropene, 1-MCP)对香石竹“Sangria”切花贮藏期、瓶插寿命及瓶插期生理代谢的影响,分别采用0.64、1.28、1.92μL/L 1-MCP对香石竹“Sangria”切花进行熏蒸处理,对冷藏(2～4℃)和室温(25℃)瓶插过程中切花状态进行调查。结果表明:室温条件下,1-MCP能够显著延长香石竹切花的瓶插寿命,其中浓度为1.92μL/L时效果最佳,香石竹切花瓶插寿命由4 d延长至8 d;冷藏条件下,1.92μL/L 1-MCP处理的切花开放指数达到0.8的时间为101 d,而对照组仅为18 d,大大延长了香石竹切花的冷藏时间。进一步调查冷藏后香石竹切花瓶插时发现:所有经1-MCP处理且冷藏110 d的香石竹切花可在瓶插1 d后正常开放;1.92μL/L 1-MCP处理可显著增加切花的相对吸水率,减缓花瓣电导率上升;瓶插第11天的1.92μL/L 1-MCP处理组花朵萎蔫率仅为7.1%,而对照组花朵萎蔫率达到78.5%。因此,1.92μL/L 1-MCP熏蒸处理可作为香石竹切花保鲜处理方案进行推广。 相似文献
8.
9.
玫瑰切花作为世界四大鲜切花之一,在花卉市场占有的比重较大,保鲜液的不合理使用将会促进鲜花的过早开放,因此对鲜切花保鲜液的研究也越来越受到人们的重视。设计正交实验方案,用不同配比营养物质的瓶插液处理玫瑰切花,通过对玫瑰切花花枝鲜质量、花蕾直径大小、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量和瓶插寿命进行观察、对比测定,选择出一种比较理想的瓶插液。结果表明,NaCl对切花玫瑰的观赏寿命起着主控作用,A3B3C1为最优营养液配比(青霉素20mg/L,N:P:K(Ca)10mL/L,NaCl0.5g/L),对玫瑰切花的观赏价值及瓶插寿命均有一定程度的提高。 相似文献
10.
姜荷花切花采后处理方法对其瓶插寿命的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
观测姜荷花切花在瓶插期间吸水量、失水量的变化,探讨姜荷花切花采收后不同离水时间和杀菌剂、糖类等不同处理对姜荷花瓶插寿命的影响。结果表明：切花采收离水30 min后,其瓶插寿命即受明显影响;120~140mg/kg的漂白粉溶液能使姜荷花的瓶插寿命延长3d,糖类不能延长姜荷花切花的瓶插寿命。 相似文献
11.
Ana Maria Borda David G. Clark Donald J. Huber Bruce A. Welt Terril A. Nell 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,59(3):245-252
The relationship between fragrance and vase life and the role of ethylene on volatile emission in cut rose flowers was investigated. No relationship was observed between the amounts of volatile compounds emitted and vase life when fragrant and non-fragrant rose cultivars were compared. Neither ethylene production nor respiration rate of flowers was directly related with vase life. Volatile production during vase life was differential and independent among volatiles originating from different biosynthetic groups. Ethylene did not play a role in the regulation of volatile emission in rose flowers. Endogenous ethylene production was very low in most of the cultivars and did not show autocatalytic production trends. Volatile emission patterns during vase life did not parallel endogenous ethylene production. Exogenous ethylene exposure had differential effects among all cultivars, regardless of the fragrance of the flower. Fragrant cultivar ‘Osiana’ was highly sensitive to exogenous ethylene, with petals abscising within 24 h of ethylene (1 μL L?1) exposure while other fragrant cultivars ‘Erin’ and ‘Lovely Dream’ had low ethylene sensitivity. Volatile production was unaffected by exogenous ethylene. The results of this study indicate that volatile emission in cut roses is not regulated by endogenous or exogenous ethylene and occurs independently of petal senescence and/or abscission. These results provide a better understanding of the complexity of volatile emission in rose flowers. 相似文献
12.
With the aim of extending vase life of cut dahlia flowers, we investigated the postharvest characteristics of the flowers. Our focus was on the role of ethylene on senescence and on treatments that have extended vase life of other flowers. Continuous exposure to ethylene at 2 or 10 μL L−1 significantly accelerated petal abscission in cut flowers. Flowers continuously immersed in 1 or 10 μL L−1 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) solution wilted earlier than those treated with distilled water (DW) or 0.15 g L−1 citric acid. Ethylene production from the ovary and ray petal was relatively high (4.5 and 0.9 nL g−1 fresh weight h−1, respectively) at harvest, but decreased gradually over 5 days. No remarkable increase in ethylene production was observed during senescence. Silver thiosulfate complex (STS), an inhibitor of ethylene action, did not extend the vase life of cut flowers, although a high silver concentration was detected in flower organs. In contrast, pulse treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and dip treatment with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) extended the vase life of florets, and BA was more effective than 1-MCP when the flowers were held in both DW and CEPA. BA spray treatment extended vase life of cut ‘Kokucho,’ ‘Kamakura’ and ‘Michan’ flowers. These results suggest that dahlia flower senescence is partially regulated by ethylene, and BA is more effective in delaying the senescence of cut dahlia flowers than ethylene action inhibitors. 相似文献
13.
14.
为了研究瓶插黄兰(Michelia champaca L.)花开放和衰败过程中的生理生化反应。以黄兰不同开花阶段的花瓣为材料,瓶插观察其外部形态特征变化,测其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和可溶性蛋白含量的变化。结果表明,黄兰切枝单花平均瓶插寿命为8.5天。花朵开放和凋谢过程中,花瓣中SOD活性呈现先上升后下降趋势,盛花期活性最强;POD活性在整个过程中持续上升;可溶性蛋白含量在开花前期逐渐升高,显色期后则快速下降。抗氧化酶活性的下降是黄兰花衰败的生理原因之一。 相似文献
15.
Effects of ethylene, pollination, and ethylene inhibitor treatments on flower senescence of gentians
Flower senescence of the potted gentian (Gentiana scabra) ‘Shinbisei’ was investigated in relation to ethylene sensitivity and production. ‘Shinbisei’ flowers were used for all experiments except for those with inflorescences. Exposure to ethylene at 0.5 μL L−1 or higher concentrations for 24 h markedly accelerated flower senescence, indicating that G. scabra flowers are highly sensitive to ethylene. Treatment with 0.2 or 0.5 mM silver thiosulfate complex (STS) and 2 μL L−1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), ethylene action inhibitors, and 50 mM α-aminoisobutyric acid, an inhibitor of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase, did not delay flower senescence. However, treatment with 1 mM l-α-(2-aminoethoxyvinyl) glycine, an inhibitor of ACC synthase, slightly delayed flower senescence. Pollination significantly accelerated petal senescence of G. scabra flowers. Ethylene production of petals, gynoecium, and stamens in unpollinated flowers slightly increased during senescence. Pollination significantly increased ethylene production of petals, gynoecium and stamens 1 day after pollination. To clarify whether 1-MCP delays senescence of cut gentian inflorescences, cut G. scabra ‘Yuki-hotaru’, G. scabra × Gentiana triflora ‘Aoi-kaze’, and G. triflora ‘Koharu’ inflorescences with various stages of flowers, including buds with colored petals, were treated with 2 μL L−1 1-MCP for 24 h. 1-MCP treatment delayed flower wilting of cut inflorescences of ‘Aoi-kaze’ and ‘Yuki-hotaru’ more than that of ‘Koharu’, suggesting that there is species variation in the effect of 1-MCP in delaying flower senescence of cut gentian inflorescences. 相似文献
16.
In sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans Lour.) flowers, petal browning, partial abscission and wilting are the visible symptoms of senescence, 4–5 days after flowering, which seriously affect its ornamental and economic value. In the present study, DNA fragmentation was used as a marker to investigate the role of ethylene and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in flower senescence of O. fragrans ‘Liuye Jingui’. In intact plants, nuclear shrinkage and DNA fragmentation occurred at the late full flowering stage when senescence symptoms became visible. This coincided with a rapid increase in ethylene production, ROS generation and lipid peroxidation. To further determine the role of ethylene and ROS in flower senescence, cut flowers were treated with ethephon, silver thiosulphate (STS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and vitamin C (Vc). The vase life of cut flowers was significantly prolonged by 0.2 mM STS and 2.5 mM Vc treatments, but reduced by 0.03% H2O2 and 500 mg L−1 ethephon treatments, compared to distilled water. The percentage of DNA fragmentation was dramatically increased by ethephon but reduced by STS treatment throughout vase life. In contrast, the dramatic increase of DNA fragmentation in the H2O2 treated samples was only observed at day three, and clear petal abscission and rapid petal wilting occurred only with ethephon. Compared with the distinguishable nuclei and complete vacuoles in both STS treatment and distilled water, ethephon treatment caused substantial damage to large central vacuoles and other organelles, and many petal cells twisted out of shape due to a loss of cytoplasm, resulting in rapid petal wilting. Thus, it is concluded that ethylene plays an important role in flower senescence of sweet osmanthus, enhancing DNA fragmentation, damaging cellular structure, and leading to petal abscission and wilting. In addition, ROS is also involved in the regulation of late DNA degradation and lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
17.
Postharvest quality of cut lily flowers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper reviews the literature on the postharvest quality of cut lily inflorescences and highlights the need for more information. The main symptoms that limit the length of vase life are abscission of floral buds, lack of flower opening, tepal wilting, and leaf yellowing. Floral bud abscission is regulated by ethylene and can be prevented by treatments with inhibitors of the ethylene receptor. Lack of bud opening is also mimicked by ethylene treatment. It is alleviated by treatment with sugars. These might reduce ethylene effects or act as a source of energy. Depending on the cultivar, tepal wilting is not or is only slightly affected by ethylene. The time to tepal wilting is positively correlated with the levels of endogenous sugars. Leaf yellowing is apparently not affected by ethylene, and is aggravated by the inclusion of sugars in the vase solution. A treatment with hormones, in particular GA4+7 and benzyladenine, can prevent or alleviate the negative effects of sugars on leaf quality.A relatively short period of cold storage often drastically increases the number of floral buds that fail to open. Cold storage also hastens tepal wilting, induces or increases leaf yellowing, and promotes bud abscission. Several lily hybrids, therefore, seem chilling-sensitive. Some of the negative effects of cold storage can be alleviated by sugars, and others by GA4+7, with or without benzyladenine.The lack of ethylene sensitivity of tepal senescence, in several, but not all, cultivars, implies that pollination will also not affect senescence. It would be interesting to test this hypothesis in a few cultivars. It is also not clear if ethylene (or pollination) has an effect on tepal abscission in cut lilies. More data are also needed with regard to chilling injury. Pulsing with sugars might, for example, reduce the degree of injury. 相似文献
18.
19.
Ethylene-mediated premature floral senescence and petal or flower abscission affect postharvest longevity of several species used as cut flowers. Exposure to exogenous or endogenously produced ethylene can be controlled in several ways. These include the use of ethylene biosynthesis inhibitors or ethylene action inhibitors, and ethylene removal technologies. In addition, genetic modification can be very effective in controlling ethylene synthesis and perception. We review here the potential for applications of nanotechnology to control ethylene levels and postharvest management in the flower industry. Already, nanosponges have been shown to enhance efficacy of the ethylene inhibitor 1-MCP in several flower species. In carnation, 1-MCP included in nanosponges also allowed better control of Botrytis cinerea damage. However other applications are also considered based on successes in the use of this technology to increase agricultural production and decrease postharvest waste. Nano-metal based sensors could be used for detection of ethylene in the store and to label the product along the distribution chain. Furthermore, nanocomposites could be included as scavengers for ethylene removal in active packaging, and nanocatalysts could promote ethylene catalytic degradation in the warehouse. Nanoparticles could also be introduced into a new generation of packaging to control effects of gases and UV, and increase strength, quality and packaging appearance. This review highlights recent results on the use of nanotechnology sensu lato and potential application for cut flower vase life improvement, focusing on ethylene control strategies. 相似文献