共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
2.
本试验采用连续输注丙泊酚配合硬膜外麻醉,研究其对犬的麻醉效果和对呼吸系统的影响.选用成年杂种犬12只,随机分为两组.丙泊酚复合硬膜外阻滞为Ⅰ组(丙泊酚诱导量6 mg/kg体重,镇静维持剂量0.35±0.4 mg/kg体重·min,向硬膜外腔注射6 mg/kg体重的利多卡因);静脉连续输注丙泊酚为Ⅱ组(丙泊酚诱导麻醉6 mg/kg体重,麻醉维持剂量0.71±0.6 mg/kg体重·min).评价犬的麻醉效果和对呼吸系统的影响.单纯连续丙泊酚组镇痛、镇静和肌松效果良好,但是对呼吸系统的影响较大.丙泊酚配合硬膜外麻醉镇痛、肌松和镇静效果良好,对呼吸系统影响较小.连续注射丙泊酚配合硬膜外对犬进行麻醉过程平稳,麻醉效果良好,对呼吸系统影响较小,苏醒较快,未出现不良反应. 相似文献
3.
4.
为了探索速眠新Ⅱ与舒泰复合麻醉剂对比格犬的麻醉效果,选用健康比格犬20只,用速眠新Ⅱ(0.6mg/kg)与舒泰(0.75mg/kg)混合肌注诱导麻醉,30min后给予该混合制剂静脉维持麻醉(每小时速眠新Ⅱ0.2mg/kg,舒泰0.3mg/kg),随麻醉时间延长逐渐减量。结果显示,速眠新Ⅱ与舒泰复合麻醉剂,诱导麻醉迅速,维持麻醉效果安全、稳定,镇痛及肌松等效果良好,麻醉期间能保证动物的正常心肺功能。试验表明该复合麻醉剂是一种理想的麻醉剂,能满足各种外科手术操作需求。 相似文献
5.
妥拉苏林对静松灵及保定宁诱导的中枢抑制作用的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用5只犬经25次实验,初步探讨了妥拉苏林(tolazoline)对静松灵及保定宁的拮抗效应。结果表明,妥拉苏林(静注5 mg/kg)可使静松灵和保定宁麻醉犬的平均起立时间(从静注拮抗剂到自行起立行走的时间),分别由对照组的27.4(肌注静松灵1.5mg/kg)、67.4(肌注静松灵2.0mg/kg)及48.3分钟(肌注保定宁2.5mg/kg),缩短为12.5、17.6和9.5分钟(P<0.05),从而提示妥拉苏林对静松灵或保定宁麻醉犬具有催醒作用。 相似文献
6.
犬醒宝与苯嗯唑对犬眠宝催醒效果的比较试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用8条犬通过自身循环对照试验,观察了犬醒宝、苯噁唑对犬眠宝麻醉犬的催醒作用.结果显示,犬醒宝在肌肉注射犬眠宝0.02 mL/kg体重后20 min肌肉注射0.02 mL/kg体重进行复苏,平均唤醒时间为1.6 min±0.7min,平均自主站立行走时间为3.1 min±1.2 min;肌肉注射犬眠宝0.02 mL/kg体重麻醉后应用1%苯噁唑0.04 mL/kg体重进行复苏,平均唤醒时间为6.6 min±2.1 min,平均自主站立行走时间为8.3 min±1.9 min.犬醒宝复苏组与1%苯噁唑复苏组比较,催醒效果差异极显著(P＜0.01),且犬醒宝应用于犬眠宝的复苏具有用量小,复苏迅速安全,无复睡现象,可用于犬眠宝的临床麻醉复苏. 相似文献
7.
本试验选用隆朋、咪达唑仑、芬太尼3种药物复合,用微量注射泵进行持续静脉滴注,研究其对犬的麻醉效果.选用成年杂种犬6只,分别按照0.53mg/kg、0.2mg/kg、0.13μg/kg体重剂量一次性静脉输注待犬自然倒地,然后接微量注射泵持续静脉滴注,注射速度分别为22.2μg/kg/min、8.3μg/kg/min、5.5ng/kg/min,持续输注1h,评价机体各种反射活动及镇静、镇痛、肌松效果,监测体温、脉搏、呼吸、血氧饱和度、无创血压等指标.结果显示,3种药物复合,单次给药后迅速进入麻醉状态,持续静脉滴注麻醉过程平稳；生物反射迅速减弱且持续存在；镇静、镇痛和肌松效果良好；呼吸频率和血氧饱和度各时相无显著差异(P＞0.05),心率和收缩压个别时相差异显著(P＜0.05),舒张压、平均压及体温个别时相差异极显著(P＜0.01),但均处于正常生理范围内.说明3种药物复合对犬进行麻醉单次输注起效迅速,持续静脉滴注麻醉过程平稳,对心血管、呼吸系统及体温影响较小,苏醒较快,未出现不良反应. 相似文献
8.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(18)
为了探讨右美托咪定-利多卡因-丙泊酚静脉复合静脉注射麻醉方式对接受生理性去势手术犬的镇痛效果,试验将20只临床健康犬随机分为单一丙泊酚组(P组)、右美托咪定-丙泊酚组(DP组)、利多卡因-丙泊酚组(LP组)和右美托咪定-利多卡因-丙泊酚组(DLP组),均以0.25 mg/(kg·min)的剂量静脉注射丙泊酚用于基础麻醉,然后分别经另一静脉通道分别注射生理盐水(对照)、右美托咪定[0.5μg/(kg·h)]、利多卡因[100μg/(kg·min)]、右美托咪定[0.5μg/(kg·h)]+利多卡因[100μg/(kg·min)],用于犬的维持麻醉。所有犬只均给予负荷剂量的右美托咪定(1.0μg/kg)和利多卡因(1.5 mg/kg)作为麻醉前用药,并以丙泊酚诱导和辅助机械通气。根据心率、血压变化及犬的表现来调整术中丙泊酚的用量,并麻醉维持至手术结束。记录犬麻醉前后血液学指标变化和苏醒时间,根据格拉斯哥综合疼痛评分系统(GCMPS)评价犬术后的疼痛反应,对于观察期第4小时得分大于9的犬需额外给予曲马多镇痛。结果表明:给予负荷剂量的右美托咪定和利多卡因后,犬只诱导麻醉和插管过程顺畅,可以平稳进入麻醉维持阶段,期间犬的心率稳步下降。在监测的各个时相点,随着手术刺激强度的增加,DLP组犬只的心率和血压变化较为平稳,均在临床接受范围内。维持麻醉所需的丙泊酚用量[(0.23±0.03)mg/(kg·min)]也明显减少,与其他组差异显著(P0.05)。麻醉前后,P组犬只的白细胞数、红细胞数、血红蛋白浓度、血细胞比容、二氧化碳分压变化显著(P0.05),其他组血液学指标的整体变化不显著(P0.05)。虽然DLP组犬的苏醒期延长,但苏醒过程较为平稳。此外,DLP组术后的平均疼痛评分均低于其他组,需要额外给予镇痛剂的比例也更少(P0.05)。说明右美托咪定、利多卡因联合用于持续静脉注射可以为丙泊酚静脉平衡麻醉提供安全、稳定的效果,减少丙泊酚的麻醉用量和术后止痛药的使用,适用于外科手术的麻醉。 相似文献
9.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(14)
为研究利多卡因硬膜外麻醉对犬生理指标的影响,以及分析和评估不同剂量利多卡因硬膜外麻醉对犬的镇痛效果,试验选择健康中华田园犬9只,分为空白组、低剂量(利多卡因,2 mg/kg)组、高剂量(利多卡因,4 mg/kg)组,按体重以适量丙泊酚进行诱导麻醉,于腰椎与荐椎结合处穿刺进入硬膜外腔,并分别注入不同剂量的利多卡因或生理盐水,通过其对痛觉刺激的反应和生理指标(体温、心率、呼吸频率)的变化来评估麻醉效果,最终确定利多卡因硬膜外麻醉剂量。结果表明:麻醉5 min后高剂量组犬的体温显著低于低剂量组和空白组(P0.05);麻醉后25～45 min,高剂量组犬的呼吸频率显著高于低剂量组和空白组(P0.05)。低剂量组犬麻醉5分钟时,对前肢痛觉刺激后心率较刺激前显著升高(P0.05),而此时对后肢进行痛觉刺激发现,刺激前后心率无显著变化(P0.05);至麻醉20分钟时,后肢痛觉刺激后心率较刺激前显著升高(P0.05)。高剂量组犬麻醉10分钟时,前肢痛觉刺激后心率较刺激前显著升高(P0.05),而此时对犬的后肢进行痛觉刺激犬的心率与刺激前无显著变化(P0.05);麻醉45分钟时,对后肢进行痛觉刺激后心率较刺激前显著升高(P0.05),表明高剂量利多卡因硬膜外麻醉对犬后肢的痛觉反射有一定影响,且该影响能维持一定时间。高剂量组犬的后肢痛觉刺激前后心率变化不显著的持续时间要长于低剂量组,而低剂量组长于空白组。三组犬的前肢在麻醉过程中均有痛觉反射,低剂量组后肢在第20分钟开始出现痛觉反射,而高剂量组犬的后肢于麻醉后第40分钟出现痛觉反射。说明4 mg/kg利多卡因进行硬膜外麻醉具有较好的镇痛效果,可用于犬后肢外科手术中疼痛管理。 相似文献
10.
试验通过在日粮中添加不同水平的酵母硒(商品名:酵天乐),研究其对肉仔鸡抗氧化性能的影响。本试验全部选用1日龄的肉仔公雏鸡,随机分为5个处理组,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复18只鸡,试验期为42d。5个处理组分别在日粮(贫硒)中添加0mg/kg、0.1mg/kg、0.2mg/kg、0.3mg/kg、0.4mg/kg酵母硒(以硒计)。结果表明,综合考虑血清、胸肌、肝脏的血清谷胱甘肽(GSH)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)等各项抗氧化指标,肉仔鸡的抗氧化能力随着日粮中酵母硒添加水平的增高而增强,当添加量达到0.2mg/kg时,综合抗氧化性能显著提高。添加量为0.2~0.4mg/kg时,综合抗氧化性能较好。肉仔鸡日粮中酵母硒的推荐添加量为0.2~0.4mg/kg。 相似文献
11.
W. J. TRANQUILLI DVM MS DiplomateACVA M. E. GROSS DVM J. C. THURMON DVM MS DiplomateACVA G. J. BENSON DVM MS DiplomateACVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(2):168-172
The depressant effects of midazolam and xylazine on the central nervous system (CNS) were evaluated in 12 dogs. Xylazine was administered to six dogs (1.1 mg/kg intravenously [IV]) followed in 5 minutes by midazolam (1.0 mg/kg intramuscularly [IM]). In a second group of six dogs, xylazine (2.2 mg/kg IM) was followed in 5 minutes by midazolam (1.0 mg/kg IV). Both drug regimens induced rapid and profound sedation or anesthesia. Duration of action varied with the doses and routes of administration. Dogs given the high dose of xylazine IM had an arousal time of 95.4 +/- 8.9 minutes and a walking time of 155.4 +/- 8.8 minutes. These values exceeded the IV xylazine values threefold. Partial reversal of CNS depression was accomplished with either a benzodiazepine antagonist (flumazenil) or an alpha-2 antagonist (yohimbine). In a separate trial, a mixture of xylazine (0.55 mg/kg), midazolam (1.0 mg/kg), and butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg) with and without glycopyrrolate was evaluated in eight dogs. As with the xylazine-midazolam combinations, the CNS depressant effect of this mixture was clinically indistinguishable from anesthesia achieved with other rapid-acting injectable agents. Clinical signs of CNS depression were readily and completely antagonized by the simultaneous injection of flumazenil and yohimbine. 相似文献
12.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate renal function in clinically normal dogs undergoing general anesthesia for ovariohysterectomies that received nonsteriodal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) before surgery. ANIMALS: 40 clinically normal dogs. PROCEDURE: After induction of anesthesia, dogs were given an analgesic. Renal function was assessed before surgery and 24 and 48 hours after surgery by means of serum urea and creatinine concentrations, fractional clearance of sodium (FC(Na)), urine gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, and urine analysis. Ten dogs in each of 4 groups received ketorolac tromethamine (0.5 mg/kg of body weight), ketoprofen (1 mg/kg), carprofen (4 mg/kg), or morphine (0.1 mg/kg; control group). RESULTS: Duration of general anesthesia ranged from 1.75 to 5 hours, with a mean of 3 hours. Two ketorolac- and 2 ketoprofen-treated dogs had transient azotemia. A significant decrease in the FC(Na) between before surgery and 24 hours after surgery, and between before surgery and 48 hours after surgery, was found in ketoprofen- and carprofen-treated dogs. Ketorolac-, ketoprofen-, and morphine-treated dogs had a decrease in urine specific gravity. Two ketorolac, 1 ketoprofen-, 1 carprofen-, and 4 morphine-treated dogs had increases in renal tubular epithelial cells on urine sediment examination 24 hours after surgery. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In clinically normal dogs undergoing general anesthesia and elective surgery, the use of NSAID as analgesics is not contraindicated. Compared with ketorolac or ketoprofen, carprofen had the least effect on renal function and integrity. 相似文献
13.
Fusellier M Desfontis JC Madec S Gautier F Debailleul M Gogny M 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(8):807-811
OBJECTIVE: To investigate renal function in clinically normal dogs when awake and during anesthesia with medetomidine; xylazine, ketamine, and halothane (XKH) combination; or propofol. ANIMALS: 10 adult female Beagles. PROCEDURES: At intervals of 15 days, dogs were administered medetomidine (0.05 mg/kg, IV); XKH combination (xylazine [1 mg/kg, IV], ketamine [5 mg/kg, IV], and halothane [1% end-tidal concentration]); or propofol (6 mg/kg, IV) to induce anesthesia or no treatment. Glomerular filtration rate was assessed on the basis of renal uptake (RU; determined via renal scintigraphy) and plasma clearance (CL) of technetium 99m-labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ((99m)Tc-DTPA). RESULTS: In awake dogs, mean +/- SEM RU was 9.7 +/- 0.4% and CL was 3.86 +/- 0.23 mL/min/ kg. Renal uptake and CL of (99m)Tc-DTPA were not significantly modified by administration of XKH (RU, 11.4 +/- 0.9%; CL, 4.6 +/- 0.32 mL/min/kg) or propofol (RU, 9.7 +/- 0.3%; CL, 3.78 +/- 0.37 mL/min/kg). Half-life elimination time of plasma (99m)Tc-DTPA decreased significantly in XKH-anesthetized dogs, compared with the value in awake dogs (14.4 minutes and 28.9 minutes, respectively). However, glomerular filtration rate was significantly decreased by administration of medetomidine (RU, 3.9 +/- 0.1%), and the time to maximum kidney activity was significantly increased (867 +/- 56 seconds vs 181 +/- 11 seconds without anesthesia). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that anesthesia with propofol or an XKH combination did not alter renal function in healthy Beagles, but anesthesia with medetomidine decreased early RU of (99m)Tc-DTPA. 相似文献
14.
The cardiovascular effects, anesthetic effects, and recovery rates were evaluated in racing Greyhounds under barbiturate anesthesia. Greyhounds and mixed-breed dogs of similar body weights were given (by IV route) thiopental (15 mg/kg), thiamylal (15 mg/kg), methohexital (10 mg/kg), and pentobarbital (20 mg/kg). The anesthesia lasted longer in Greyhound than in non-Greyhound mixed-breed dogs given thiopental, thiamylal, and methohexital. The mean times from recumbency to standing were 3 to 4 times longer for Greyhounds anesthetized with thiobarbiturates than for non-Greyhound mixed-breed dogs anesthetized with the same drugs, with recovery times for some Greyhounds lasting more than 8 hours. With thiobarbiturate anesthesia, Greyhounds had long periods of respiratory depression, struggled, and relapsed into sleep, whereas in the other dogs, the recovery was quiet. Respiratory depression related to the stage of anesthesia was produced by all barbiturates, but did not result in significant changes in blood gas values. Rectal temperature decreased in all dogs, but did not result in significant hypothermia. Cardiovascular variables and acid-base estimations in Greyhounds were not significantly different from those in mixed-breed dogs before and during barbiturate anesthesia. Packed cell volumes in Greyhounds were significantly higher than those in non-Greyhound mixed-breed dogs after the thiobarbiturates and methohexital were administered. Total plasma protein concentrations were significantly lower in Greyhounds, compared with those in the other dogs before and during barbiturate anesthesia. Methohexital is a useful alternative to thiobarbiturates for short-duration barbiturate anesthesia in Greyhounds. 相似文献
15.
Cardiovascular Effects of a Continuous Two-Hour Propofol Infusion in Dogs Comparison With Isoflurane Anesthesia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ROBERT D. KEEGAN dvm Diplomate acva STEPHEN A. GREENE dvm ms Diplomate acva 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(6):537-543
The cardiovascular effects during 2 hours of anesthesia with either a continuous propofol infusion or isoflurane were compared in the same six healthy dogs. Dogs were randomly assigned to be anesthetized with either propofol (5 mg/kg, IV administered over 30 seconds, immediately followed by a propofol infusion beginning at 0.4 mg/kg/min), or isoflurane (2.0% end-tidal concentration). The propofol infusion was adjusted to maintain a light plane of anesthesia. Dogs anesthetized with propofol had higher values for systemic arterial pressure due to higher systemic vascular resistance. Dogs anesthetized with isoflurane had higher values for heart rate and mean pulmonary artery pressure. Cardiac index was not different between the two groups. Apnea and cyanosis were observed during induction of anesthesia with propofol. At the end of anesthesia the mean time to extubation for dogs anesthetized with either propofol or isoflurane was 13.5 min and 12.7 min, respectively. A continuous infusion of propofol (0.44 mg/kg/min) provided a light plane of anesthesia. Ventilatory support during continuous propofol infusion is recommended. 相似文献
16.
The median effective dosage (ED50) of propofol for induction of anesthesia was determined in 25 dogs premedicated with acepromazine, 0.05 mg/kg of body weight, and in 35 unpremedicated dogs. The ED50 was found to be 2.2 mg/kg in premedicated dogs and was 3.8 mg/kg in unpremedicated dogs. The mean +/- SD total dosage of propofol required to induce anesthesia in premedicated animals was 2.8 +/- 0.5 mg/kg and was 4.7 +/- 1.3 mg/kg in unpremedicated animals. Signs of excitement were observed in 5 of the unpremedicated dogs, but in none of those that were premedicated. 相似文献
17.
Lemke KA Runyon CL Horney BS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(12):1818-1822
OBJECTIVE: To determine effects of preoperative administration of ketoprofen on whole blood platelet aggregation, buccal mucosal bleeding time, and hematologic indices in dogs after elective ovariohysterectomy. DESIGN: Randomized, masked clinical trial. ANIMALS: 22 healthy dogs. PROCEDURE: 60 minutes before induction of anesthesia, 11 dogs were given 0.9% NaCl solution (control), and 11 dogs were given ketoprofen (2 mg/kg [0.9 mg/lb], IM). Thirty minutes before induction of anesthesia, glycopyrrolate (0.01mg/kg [0.005 mg/lb]), acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg [0.02 mg/lb]), and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg 10.09 mg/lb]) were given IM to all dogs. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental (5 to 10 mg/kg [2.3 to 4.5 mg/lb], IV) and maintained with isoflurane (1 to 3%). Ovariohysterectomy was performed and butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg [0.05 mg/lb], IV) was given 15 minutes before completion of surgery. Blood samples for measurement of variables were collected at intervals before and after surgery. RESULTS: In dogs given ketoprofen, platelet aggregation was decreased 95 +/- 10% and 80 +/- 35% (mean +/- SD) immediately after surgery and 24 hours after surgery, respectively, compared with preoperative values. At both times, mean values in dogs given ketoprofen differed significantly from those in control dogs. Significant differences between groups were not observed for mucosal bleeding time or hematologic indices. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Preoperative administration of ketoprofen inhibited platelet aggre gation but did not alter bleeding time. Ketoprofen can be given before surgery to healthy dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy, provided that dogs are screened for potential bleeding problems before surgery and monitored closely after surgery. 相似文献
18.
Comparison of five preanesthetic medicaments in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs: antagonism by 4-aminopyridine, yohimbine, and naloxone 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
R C Hatch J D Clark N H Booth J V Kitzman 《American journal of veterinary research》1983,44(12):2312-2319
Effects of saline solution (groups 1, 2, and 3), xylazine (2.2 mg/kg of body weight, groups 4 and 5), acepromazine (0.1 mg/kg, groups 6 and 7), diazepam (1.0 mg/kg, groups 8 and 9), morphine (1.0 mg/kg, groups 10 and 11), or fentanyl-droperidol (0.055 ml/kg, groups 12 and 13), IM were compared in groups of atropinized dogs. Treated dogs were anesthetized to stage III, plane 2 with pentobarbital, IV. After stabilization of anesthesia, the dogs were given IV 0.5 mg of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)/kg + 0.25 mg of yohimbine/kg (groups 2, 5, 7, and 9), or 4-AP + yohimbine + 0.04 mg of naloxone/kg (groups 3, 11, and 13). Groups 1, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 were given saline solution instead of test antagonists. Required dosage of pentobarbital, arousal and walk times (measured from injection of antagonists), respiratory rate, and heart rate were measured. Emergence phenomena were recorded and graded as smooth, fairly smooth, smooth in some dogs to rough in other dogs, rough, or very rough. In group 1 dogs, mean arousal time (MAT) was 279.5 minutes, mean walk time (MWT) was 583.3 minutes, and emergence was rough. In groups 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12, MAT was decreased by the sedatives to the range of 52 to 115.3 minutes and MWT was decreased to the range of 82.3 to 188.5 minutes. Emergence was smooth (groups 4 and 6), fairly smooth (groups 10 and 12), or smooth to rough (group 8).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
19.
W H Hsu 《American journal of veterinary research》1985,46(4):852-855
Once a week for 4 weeks, 5 dogs were given IM injections of xylazine (2.2 mg/kg of body weight) followed in 10 minutes by IV injections of pentobarbital (14 mg/kg). The resultant duration of anesthesia, absence of pedal reflex, and time from return of consciousness to ambulation were consistent from week to week. The mean times were 137.3, 111.8, and 56.9 minutes, respectively. A second experiment using 5 other dogs was performed to evaluate the antagonistic effect of yohimbine on the anesthesia induced by the xylazine-pentobarbital combination. When yohimbine (0.1 mg/kg, IV) was administered 10, 60, and 120 minutes after the xylazine-pentobarbital injection (given as in the 1st experiment), it abolished or markedly reduced the duration of anesthesia, absence of pedal reflex, and the time from return of consciousness to ambulation. After being given yohimbine, the dogs had a smooth recovery without postanesthetic excitement. In experiment 3, IM xylazine injections caused bradycardia without changing mean arterial blood pressure. Subsequent IV pentobarbital administration abolished xylazine-induced bradycardia for approximately 20 minutes and decreased arterial blood pressure slightly and gradually. Respiration was markedly depressed for the first 20 minutes of xylazine-pentobarbital anesthesia and gradually decreased during the rest of the 50-minute monitoring period. Yohimbine injection at postpentobarbital dosing minute 50 reversed the resumed xylazine-induced bradycardia and relieved other signs of respiratory depression associated with xylazine-pentobarbital anesthesia. The xylazine-pentobarbital combination was safe and effective for inducing and maintaining up to 2 hours of anesthesia in dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献