共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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<正>生命是一部由基因编写的复杂交响曲,而荧光原位杂交技术（fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH）是揭示这部交响曲内在奥秘的重要工具之一。FISH是一种生物分子分析技术,用于研究细胞和组织中的染色体结构、基因定位和基因表达。该技术通过使用荧光标记的DNA或RNA探针与目标DNA或RNA序列杂交,然后通过荧光显微镜观察杂交信号的位置和数量。FISH技术让人们能够在细胞和组织层面上观察基因、染色体的情况,了解患者病变部位的分子生物学特征,从而为个体化医疗提供支持。但对于许多患者而言,他们并不了解FISH,甚至对为何进行FISH检测存在疑惑。本文将从科普角度解读FISH分子病理报告,以及FISH走入临床工作的意义。 相似文献
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荧光原位杂交是现代分子生物学及基因工程中广泛应用的新技术,它可以鉴定核酸分子之间的同源性。原位杂交技术是在核酸分子杂交基础上发展起来的一门技术,染色体荧光原位杂交技术是随着绘制高分辨人类基因组图谱需求而出现的。笔者综述了染色体荧光原位杂交技术的原理、方法,并分析了其应用前景。 相似文献
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目前,覆盖人类、植物、畜禽、微生物等100多种物种全基因组的细菌人工染色体文库在不同时间、不同群体中相继产生,为物种基因资源的保存、基因组学和后基因组学的研究提供了可靠的材料。细菌人工染色体与荧光原位杂交技术的结合能够将物种的大片段基因组DNA杂交在染色体上,确定基因或标记物在染色体上的物理位置,从而成为细胞和分子生物学领域中必不可少的工具。论文对细菌人工染色体荧光原位杂交技术在染色体结构与核型分析、疾病与肿瘤病原学研究、基因和标记物的定位与细胞遗传图谱绘制、基因组比较作图及物种进化中的应用和发展进行了综述。 相似文献
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黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata L. 2n=32)是一种重要的野生豆科牧草,由于其突出的抗逆特性,被认为是用来进行苜蓿改良的优异遗传资源。本研究利用染色体荧光原位杂交技术(FISH),以不同荧光物标记的3种重复序列(5S rDNA,45S rDNA和C0t-1 DNA),对黄花苜蓿和和紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L. 2n=32)染色体进行了FISH分析和分子核型比较,以期在染色体水平上揭示二者之间的亲缘关系。结果表明:利用上述重复序列可以较好的将苜蓿32条染色体区分为16对特征不同的染色体。黄花苜蓿和紫花苜蓿绝大多数染色体FISH杂交特征表现一致或高度相似性,分子核型无显著区别,因此二者间在遗传上具有高度的相似性。 相似文献
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Localization of swine influenza virus in naturally infected pigs 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
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Fluorescent in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and Grocott's methenamine-silver nitrate staining were compared as diagnostic methods for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in formalin-fixed lung tissue from foals and pigs. An oligonucleotide probe targeting 18S ribosomal RNA of P. carinii was designed for in situ hybridization, and a commercially available monoclonal antibody was used for immunohistochemistry. Samples from six foals and 10 pigs with P. carinii pneumonia, as verified by Grocott's methenamine-silver nitrate staining, were examined concurrently with samples from seven animals with pneumonia caused by other pathogens. Fluorescent in situ hybridization showed distinctive positive reactions for P. carinii in all test samples. The immunohistochemical procedure, however, only revealed P. carinii in the foals. The number of P. carinii organisms observed by fluorescent in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry far exceeded the number of organisms stained by Grocott's methenamine-silver nitrate staining. The results show that fluorescent in situ hybridization targeting ribosomal RNA can provide a specific diagnosis of P. carinii pneumonia in foals and pigs. 相似文献
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Detection and localization of naturally transmitted avian leukosis subgroup J virus in egg-type chickens by in situ PCR hybridization 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Li N Xu B Dong W Qiao S Lee LF Zhang HM Li M Du N 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2007,54(10):553-558
Avian leukosis virus (ALV) subgroup J (ALV-J) is an exogenous ALV and causes myeloid leukosis in meat-type chickens. We have previously reported the isolation and identification of ALV-J in commercial layer flocks from 12 farms in northern China. In this report, we further characterized this virus by in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) hybridization in various affected organs of chickens from six of the 12 farms. A routine method for hybridization of nucleic acid uses radioactive probe, such as a P32-labelled probe. We found that the non-radioactive digoxigenin (DIG) probe is sensitive enough to detect the nucleic acid of virus in chicken tissues. We used a pair of published primers (H5/H7) specific to the gp85 envelope gene and 3' region of pol gene of prototype ALV-J strain HPRS-103. The total RNA extracted from tumour, bone marrow, oviduct, liver and spleen of the diseased chickens from six commercial flocks, and cDNA was successfully amplified. Using the primers and cDNA, we obtained an ALV-J-specific cDNA probe of 545 bp in length by PCR. In situ PCR with H5/H7 primers was carried out in the paraffin sections from tissues of the diseased chickens, followed by in situ hybridization using the DIG-labelled cDNA probe. Positive hybridization signals were detected in the cytoplasm of paraffin sections of tumours and other organ tissues. The intensity of the signals was documented using an image analysis system measuring integral optical density (IOD). The IOD values for tissue sections treated by in situ PCR hybridization are significantly higher than that by in situ hybridization alone (P < 0.01). These data taken together suggest that in situ PCR hybridization is a more sensitive technique for detection of ALV-J in tissue sections. 相似文献
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In situ hybridization for the detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in pigs and comparison with other methods. 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 25 pigs naturally infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) were examined by in situ hybridization for TGEV nucleic acid using a nonradioactive digoxigenin-labeled cDNA probe that targeted the nucleocapsid sequence of TGEV strains. The results of in situ hybridization for the detection of TGEV were compared with virus isolation (VI), a fluorescent antibody test (FAT), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). VI, FAT, and TEM were tested over a course of time before the in situ hybridization was performed. Positive hybridization signals were detected in duodenal, jejunal, and ileal enterocytes from 21 pigs. Hybridization signals were confined to the cytoplasm. Intestinal specimens from 25 piglets were evaluated by 4 tests. Twenty-one of 25 were positive by in situ hybridization. Of these 21 samples, 5 (24%) were positive for TGEV by all 4 tests, 15 (71%) were positive by FAT, 14 (67%) were positive by VI, and 6 (29%) were positive by TEM. In situ hybridization for the detection of TGEV in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues provides a rapid means of confirmation of a histopathological diagnosis of TGEV without virus isolation, or when only formalin-fixed intestinal specimens were available. 相似文献
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Localization of classical swine fever virus from chronically infected pigs by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Classical swine fever (CSF) virus (CSFV) nucleic acid and antigen were detected in 15 pigs with naturally occurring chronic CSF by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The most consistent and prominent microscopic lesions were perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration and gliosis in the central nervous system of pigs with chronic CSF. Positive cells typically exhibited a dark brown (in situ hybridization) or red (immunohistochemistry) reaction product in the cytoplasm without background staining. A positive signal for both in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry was detected in mononuclear cells and lymphocytes of lymphoid tissues. Viral nucleic acid was detected in some tissue sections in the absence of viral antigen. The in situ hybridization technique developed in this study was useful for the detection of CSFV RNA in tissues taken from chronically infected pigs and may be a valuable technique for studying the pathogenesis of chronic CSFV infection. 相似文献
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The detection of the apxlV gene in lung tissues from pigs experimentally infected with the 12 major A. pleuropneumoniae serotype (1 to 12) reference strains was studied by in situ hybridization using a non-radioactive digoxigenin-labeled DNA probe. In situ hybridization produced a distinct positive signal in all pigs inoculated with the 12 A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes. Positive hybridization typically exhibited a dark-brown to black reaction product in intracellular and extracellular locations, without background staining. A strong hybridization signal was seen in degenerated alveolar leukocytes ("oat cells") adjacent to the foci of coagulative necrosis and in the alveolar spaces. The in situ hybridization methodology developed for the detection of the apxIV gene is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of porcine pleuropneumonia caused by A. pleuropneumoniae when only formalin-fixed tissues are submitted for diagnosis. 相似文献
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Delgado F Etchechoury D Gioffré A Paolicchi F Blanco Viera F Mundo S Romano MI 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,134(3-4):383-387
Paratuberculosis or Johne's disease is a chronic infectious disorder caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map). The disease produces diarrhea and weight loss in cattle and other animal species, and it is characterized by granulomatous enteritis and lymphadenitis. Histopathology and in situ techniques can be used as a diagnostic test, but the performance of these methods was not previously compared. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the ability of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to detect Map in formalin-fixed tissue samples from infected cattle. Samples (ileum or ileocecal lymph node) from four animals that had positive Map culturing, lesions and detectable acid fast bacilli, as well as from two control animals, were tested by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Immunostaining and positive hybridization were observed in areas with lesions from infected animal samples, inside the cytoplasm of macrophages, epithelioid and giant cells. Immunostaining was intense in three samples and weak in one, while hybridization was weak in all cases. In situ hybridization was positive in negative areas of tissues analyzed by immunohistochemistry, which could be related to spheroplast detection as it was previously described for this method. Control samples resulted negative by these two methods. Both techniques were able to detect Map in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissues, however immunohistochemistry produced higher intensity staining and was easier to perform. Therefore, we believe that immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to be useful for the post-mortem diagnosis and research of Paratuberculosis. 相似文献
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为明确天冬酰胺内肽酶(legumain)基因在斑马鱼发育中的表达特性,利用全胚胎原位杂交的方法检测legumain在斑马鱼胚胎发育过程中的表达分布情况,并采用双色原位杂交的方法研究legumain和泛髓系细胞、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞的共定位情况。结果显示,legumain转录本为母系表达,在胚胎发育早期泛在性表达。在受精18h后在造血组织有特异的高丰度表达。双色原位杂交显示,legumain和泛髓系细胞、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞有共定位表达。结果提示legumain在斑马鱼发育过程中有重要作用,在巨噬细胞中高表达并参与相关生理功能的完成。 相似文献
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A pathogenesis study of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle, using in situ hybridization. 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4 
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下载免费PDF全文 C C Brown R F Meyer H J Olander C House C A Mebus 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1992,56(3):189-193
Eight calves were exposed in an aerosol chamber to nebulized foot-and-mouth disease virus. Two control animals were exposed in a similar manner to cell culture media only. Animals were euthanized at intervals and various tissues examined by in situ hybridization using a biotinylated RNA probe corresponding to a portion of the viral gene coding for the polymerase enzyme. By this technique large amounts of viral nucleic acid were found in coronary band, interdigital cleft and tongue as early as six hours postexposure, indicating a very rapid delivery from the portal of entry to the predilection sites for lesion development. This occurred well before the onset of viremia which by virus isolation was not detectable until 30 hours postexposure. The in situ hybridization signal in these tissues decreased in intensity and extent with time to focally positive areas, occasionally surrounding a vesicle. Other epidermal sites not normally thought of as sites for foot-and-mouth lesion development, such as carpus and eyelid, also had some viral nucleic acid detectable at various time intervals. In the lung by in situ hybridization, alveolar septa had viral nucleic acid early in infection (6-18 h postexposure) while later (36-96 h postexposure), the in situ hybridization signal was prominent in alveolar macrophages. 相似文献