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1.
James L. Tomlinson DVM MVSci Diplomate ACVS James L. Cook DVM John T. Payne DVM MS Diplomate ACVS C. Collins AndersonDVM Jane C. Johnson MA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1999,28(3):188-193
OBJECTIVE: To describe a technique for closed reduction and percutaneous insertion of a lag screw for fixation of sacroiliac fracture-luxations, and to report the success of this technique in stabilizing sacroiliac fracture-luxations. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective clinical study. STUDY POPULATION: 13 consecutive client-owned dogs with sacroiliac fracture-luxations. METHODS: Sacroiliac fracture-luxations were stabilized by using a closed reduction and percutaneous lag screw fixation technique. Preoperative, postoperative, and last re-examination radiographs were used to assess the location and number of pelvic injuries, other orthopedic injuries, percent reduction of the sacroiliac joint, percent sacral width screw depth, position of the screw, pelvic canal diameter ratio, hemipelvic canal width ratio, and complications. Information on signalment, weight, weight-bearing status, neurologic status, and complications was obtained from the medical record. RESULTS: Mean percent reduction of the sacroiliac joint was 92.33%. All screws were placed within the sacral body with a mean screw depth/sacral width of 79.03%. No screw loosening occurred. Mean pelvic canal diameter ratios were 0.99, 1.20, and 1.14 preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at the last re-examination, respectively. Nine of 13 dogs were willing to walk on the ipsilateral rear leg the day after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Closed reduction and percutaneous insertion of a lag screw for stabilization of fracture-luxation of the sacroiliac joint is an acceptable method of repair. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Sacroiliac fracture-luxations can be successfully reduced and stabilized using a minimally invasive technique. 相似文献
2.
Objective— To evaluate outcome after closed fluoroscopic-assisted application of spinal arch external skeletal fixators in dogs with vertebral column injuries.
Study Design— Retrospective case series.
Animals— Dogs with traumatic vertebral column injuries (n=5).
Methods— Medical records of dogs with vertebral column fractures and/or luxations stabilized with spinal arch external skeletal fixator frames applied using a closed fluoroscopic-assisted technique were reviewed. Owners were contacted to obtain long-term clinical outcomes.
Results— Five dogs (age range, 6–72 months; weight, 10–54 kg) had traumatic vertebral column injuries stabilized with spinal arch external skeletal fixators applied in closed fashion. Injuries involved vertebral segments of the thoracolumbar junction, lumbar spine, and lumbosacral junction. Immediately postoperatively, 4 dogs had anatomic alignment of their vertebral fracture/luxation; 1 dog had 1 mm of vertebral canal height compromise. Time to fixator removal ranged from 65 to 282 days (141±87 days). All dogs had regained satisfactory neurologic function by 3 months. At long-term follow-up (range, 282–780 days; mean 445±190 days) all dogs were judged to have good to excellent return of function by their owners.
Conclusion— Successful closed fluoroscopic-assisted application of external skeletal fixators using spinal arches provided satisfactory reduction with few complications in 5 dogs. Return to function was judged to be good to excellent in all dogs at long-term evaluation.
Clinical Relevance— Closed fluoroscopic-assisted application of ESF using spinal arches provided satisfactory reduction and effective stabilization of spinal fractures with few complications and should be considered as a treatment approach. 相似文献
Study Design— Retrospective case series.
Animals— Dogs with traumatic vertebral column injuries (n=5).
Methods— Medical records of dogs with vertebral column fractures and/or luxations stabilized with spinal arch external skeletal fixator frames applied using a closed fluoroscopic-assisted technique were reviewed. Owners were contacted to obtain long-term clinical outcomes.
Results— Five dogs (age range, 6–72 months; weight, 10–54 kg) had traumatic vertebral column injuries stabilized with spinal arch external skeletal fixators applied in closed fashion. Injuries involved vertebral segments of the thoracolumbar junction, lumbar spine, and lumbosacral junction. Immediately postoperatively, 4 dogs had anatomic alignment of their vertebral fracture/luxation; 1 dog had 1 mm of vertebral canal height compromise. Time to fixator removal ranged from 65 to 282 days (141±87 days). All dogs had regained satisfactory neurologic function by 3 months. At long-term follow-up (range, 282–780 days; mean 445±190 days) all dogs were judged to have good to excellent return of function by their owners.
Conclusion— Successful closed fluoroscopic-assisted application of external skeletal fixators using spinal arches provided satisfactory reduction with few complications in 5 dogs. Return to function was judged to be good to excellent in all dogs at long-term evaluation.
Clinical Relevance— Closed fluoroscopic-assisted application of ESF using spinal arches provided satisfactory reduction and effective stabilization of spinal fractures with few complications and should be considered as a treatment approach. 相似文献
3.
GREGORY S. MARSOLAIS DVM MS Diplomate ACVS JEFFREY N. PECK DVM Diplomate ACVS CLIFFORD BERRY DVM Diplomate ACVR ANN JOHNSON DVM MS Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(6):677-680
Objective— To document the prevalence of femoral medullary infarction associated with the Zurich Cementless Total Hip Replacement (ZCTHR) system in dogs.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Dogs (n=35) with 41 ZCTHR implants.
Methods— Medical records (February 1999–December 2002) were reviewed for dogs that had ZCTHR and at least 1 year follow-up with radiographic evaluation. Thirty-five dogs (41 ZCTHR) met the inclusion criteria. Femoral morphologic data, implant to bone relationships, and medullary infarcts were recorded. Data were analyzed for associations between infarct occurrence and morphologic details and dog characteristics.
Results— Eight of 41 femurs had radiographic evidence of infarcts (19.5%). Dogs with infarcts were significantly younger (mean [±SD] age, 18.5±5.2 months) compared with those without infarction (mean age, 44.4±5.6months; P =.027). None of the other variables were significantly different between dogs with and without infarcts. Three femurs with infarcts ultimately developed stem loosening.
Conclusion— A higher prevalence of femoral medullary infarcts was identified with ZCTHR compared with incidence reported for other total hip systems. Younger dogs were more likely to develop infarction.
Clinical Relevance— Femoral infarction appears to be associated with stem loosening. Adjustments in surgical technique or delaying surgery beyond 18 months of age may reduce incidence of infarction but needs further evaluation. 相似文献
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Dogs (n=35) with 41 ZCTHR implants.
Methods— Medical records (February 1999–December 2002) were reviewed for dogs that had ZCTHR and at least 1 year follow-up with radiographic evaluation. Thirty-five dogs (41 ZCTHR) met the inclusion criteria. Femoral morphologic data, implant to bone relationships, and medullary infarcts were recorded. Data were analyzed for associations between infarct occurrence and morphologic details and dog characteristics.
Results— Eight of 41 femurs had radiographic evidence of infarcts (19.5%). Dogs with infarcts were significantly younger (mean [±SD] age, 18.5±5.2 months) compared with those without infarction (mean age, 44.4±5.6months; P =.027). None of the other variables were significantly different between dogs with and without infarcts. Three femurs with infarcts ultimately developed stem loosening.
Conclusion— A higher prevalence of femoral medullary infarcts was identified with ZCTHR compared with incidence reported for other total hip systems. Younger dogs were more likely to develop infarction.
Clinical Relevance— Femoral infarction appears to be associated with stem loosening. Adjustments in surgical technique or delaying surgery beyond 18 months of age may reduce incidence of infarction but needs further evaluation. 相似文献
4.
CATHERINE A. TONKS DVM JAMES L. TOMLINSON DVM MVSci Diplomate ACVS JAMES L. COOK DVM PhD Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(7):603-607
Objective— To evaluate outcome by radiographic assessment after closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation in lag fashion of sacroiliac fracture‐luxations in dogs. Study Design— Retrospective study. Animals— Dogs (n=24) with sacroiliac fracture‐luxations. Methods— Medical records (1999–2006) and radiographs of 24 dogs (29 fracture‐luxations) that had stabilization of sacroiliac fracture‐luxation by fluoroscopic‐guided closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation in lag fashion were reviewed. Signalment, body weight, number, and location of all concurrent injuries and implants used for repair were recorded. Radiographs were used to evaluate the accuracy of screw placement in the sacral body, screw depth/sacral width ratio, reduction of the sacroiliac joint, pelvic canal diameter, and hemipelvic canal width. Radiographic re‐examination (range, 4 to >8 weeks postoperatively) was available for evaluation. Results— Mean screw depth/sacral width ratio on immediate postoperative and re‐examination radiographs was 64% and 61%, respectively. Mean percentage reduction of the sacroiliac joint on immediate postoperative and re‐examination radiographs were 91% and 87%, respectively. Pelvic canal diameter ratio demonstrated successful restoration of the pelvic canal. Hemipelvic canal width ratio documented successful closed reduction repair independent of concurrent pelvic injuries. Conclusion— Successful repair of sacroiliac fracture‐luxations, determined by radiographic assessment, can be achieved by fluoroscopic‐guided closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation in lag fashion. Clinical Relevance— Fluoroscopic‐guided closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation in lag fashion of sacroiliac fracture‐luxations is a minimally invasive technique that restores and maintains pelvic canal dimensions and should be considered as an alternative to open reduction or nonsurgical management of sacroiliac fracture‐luxations. 相似文献
5.
Results of Screw/Wire/Polymethylmethacrylate Composite Fixation for Acetabular Fracture Repair in 14 Dogs 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
DANIEL D. LEWIS DVM Dipiomate ACVS W. PRESTON STUBBS DVM LISA NEUWIRTH DVM MS Dipiomate ACVR SCOTT G. BERTRAND DVM ROBERT B. PARKER DVM Dipiomate ACVS JEFFREY T. STALLINGS DVM SCOTT T. MURPHY DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(3):223-234
Objective- To assess the clinical results in dogs with acetabular fractures stabilized using a screw-wire-polymethylmethacrylate (SWP) composite fixation.
Study Design- A retrospective study of client-owned dogs with acetabular fractures.
Animals- Fourteen dogs ranging in age from 4 to 95 months (mean, 34 ±25 months; median, 25 months) and body weight from 8 to 39 kg (mean, 25 ±6 kg; median, 27 kg).
Methods- Medical records and radiographs were retrospectively evaluated to determine location of the fracture, presence of preexisting degenerative joint disease, accuracy of fracture reduction and complications associated with surgery. Long-term results were evaluated by subjective assessment of lameness, elicitation of pain and/or crepitus on manipulation of the coxofemoral joint, measurements of pelvic limb circumference, coxofemoral joint goniometric measurements, and radiographic evaluation.
Results- Fracture reduction was considered anatomic in 13 dogs. At the time of the last follow-up evaluation (mean, 347 ±261 days; median, 380 days) 10 dogs were sound on the affected limb, three dogs had a subtle weight-bearing lameness of the affected limb, and the remaining dog had a consistent non-weight-bearing lameness of the affected limb. Mild (n = 10) or moderate (n = 1) degenerative changes of the affected coxofemoral joint attributed to the acetabular fracture and its repair were noted on the follow-up radiographs in 11 dogs. Limb circumference of the affected limb ranged from -8.2% to +10.8% (mean, -0.8 ±4.2%; median, -0.7%) of the contralateral limb.
Conclusions- The SWP composite fixation consistently maintained anatomic reduction, was associated with few complications, and yielded satisfactory clinical results.
Clinical Relevance- The SWP composite fixation technique would seem to be an acceptable means of stabilizing acetabular fractures in dogs. 相似文献
Study Design- A retrospective study of client-owned dogs with acetabular fractures.
Animals- Fourteen dogs ranging in age from 4 to 95 months (mean, 34 ±25 months; median, 25 months) and body weight from 8 to 39 kg (mean, 25 ±6 kg; median, 27 kg).
Methods- Medical records and radiographs were retrospectively evaluated to determine location of the fracture, presence of preexisting degenerative joint disease, accuracy of fracture reduction and complications associated with surgery. Long-term results were evaluated by subjective assessment of lameness, elicitation of pain and/or crepitus on manipulation of the coxofemoral joint, measurements of pelvic limb circumference, coxofemoral joint goniometric measurements, and radiographic evaluation.
Results- Fracture reduction was considered anatomic in 13 dogs. At the time of the last follow-up evaluation (mean, 347 ±261 days; median, 380 days) 10 dogs were sound on the affected limb, three dogs had a subtle weight-bearing lameness of the affected limb, and the remaining dog had a consistent non-weight-bearing lameness of the affected limb. Mild (n = 10) or moderate (n = 1) degenerative changes of the affected coxofemoral joint attributed to the acetabular fracture and its repair were noted on the follow-up radiographs in 11 dogs. Limb circumference of the affected limb ranged from -8.2% to +10.8% (mean, -0.8 ±4.2%; median, -0.7%) of the contralateral limb.
Conclusions- The SWP composite fixation consistently maintained anatomic reduction, was associated with few complications, and yielded satisfactory clinical results.
Clinical Relevance- The SWP composite fixation technique would seem to be an acceptable means of stabilizing acetabular fractures in dogs. 相似文献
6.
Objectives— To describe clinical signs, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and surgical findings using a lateral approach to the lumbosacral intervertebral foramen and to evaluate clinical outcomes in dogs with or without concurrent dorsal decompression and annulectomy.
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=20) with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS).
Methods— Medical records (2002–2006) of dogs that had lumbosacral lateral foraminotomy alone or in combination with dorsal decompression were reviewed. Degree of dysfunction was assessed separately for each pelvic limb; dogs with unilateral signs were included in group A, those with bilateral signs in group B. Retrieved data were: signalment, history, neurologic status on admission, 3 days, 6 weeks, and 6 months postoperatively, duration of clinical signs, results of MRI, surgical site(s), intraoperative findings, and outcome.
Results— Based on the clinical and MRI findings unilateral foraminotomy was performed in 8 dogs, bilateral foraminotomy in 1 dog, unilateral foraminotomy with concurrent dorsal decompression in 7 dogs, and bilateral foraminotomy with concomitant dorsal decompression in 4 dogs. Surgery confirmed the presence of foraminal stenosis in all dogs, with osteophyte formation and soft tissue proliferations being the most common lesions. Outcome was good to excellent in 19 dogs and poor in 1 dog. Mean follow-up was 15.2 months (range, 6–42 months).
Conclusion— Lateral foraminotomy addresses compressive lesions within exit and middle zones of the lumbosacral foramen.
Clinical Relevance— Successful surgical management of DLSS is dependent on recognition and correction of each of the compressive lesions within the lumbosacral junction. 相似文献
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=20) with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS).
Methods— Medical records (2002–2006) of dogs that had lumbosacral lateral foraminotomy alone or in combination with dorsal decompression were reviewed. Degree of dysfunction was assessed separately for each pelvic limb; dogs with unilateral signs were included in group A, those with bilateral signs in group B. Retrieved data were: signalment, history, neurologic status on admission, 3 days, 6 weeks, and 6 months postoperatively, duration of clinical signs, results of MRI, surgical site(s), intraoperative findings, and outcome.
Results— Based on the clinical and MRI findings unilateral foraminotomy was performed in 8 dogs, bilateral foraminotomy in 1 dog, unilateral foraminotomy with concurrent dorsal decompression in 7 dogs, and bilateral foraminotomy with concomitant dorsal decompression in 4 dogs. Surgery confirmed the presence of foraminal stenosis in all dogs, with osteophyte formation and soft tissue proliferations being the most common lesions. Outcome was good to excellent in 19 dogs and poor in 1 dog. Mean follow-up was 15.2 months (range, 6–42 months).
Conclusion— Lateral foraminotomy addresses compressive lesions within exit and middle zones of the lumbosacral foramen.
Clinical Relevance— Successful surgical management of DLSS is dependent on recognition and correction of each of the compressive lesions within the lumbosacral junction. 相似文献
7.
MATTHEW J. ALLEN VetMB PhD KENDALL A. LEONE BS KIMBERLY LAMONTE BPS KATY L. TOWNSEND BVSc KENNETH A. MANN PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(5):555-567
Objective— To characterize the performance of cemented total knee replacement (TKR) in dogs.
Study Design— Preclinical research study.
Animals— Skeletally mature, male Hounds (25–30 kg; n=24) with no preexisting joint pathology.
Methods— Dogs had unilateral cemented TKR and were evaluated at 6, 12, 26, or 52 weeks (6 dogs/time point) by radiography, bone density analysis, visual gait assessment, and direct measurement of thigh circumference and stifle joint range of motion as indicators of functional recovery. At study end, the stability of the cemented tibial component was determined by destructive mechanical testing.
Results— Joint stability was excellent in 16 dogs (67%) and good in 8 dogs. None of the tibial components had evidence of migration or periprosthetic osteolysis whereas 1 femoral component was loose at 52 weeks. There was an early and significant decrease in tibial bone density, likely because of disuse of the operated limb. Dogs returned to full activity by 12 weeks. The tibial cement–bone interface maintained its strength over 52 weeks.
Conclusions— Cement provides stable fixation of the tibial component in canine TKR.
Clinical Relevance— Cemented TKR yields adequate clinical function and stifle joint excursion in the dog. Clinical studies are needed to determine the long-term fate of cemented TKR implants, to assess the influence of implant design on implant fixation and wear, and to obtain objective functional data. 相似文献
Study Design— Preclinical research study.
Animals— Skeletally mature, male Hounds (25–30 kg; n=24) with no preexisting joint pathology.
Methods— Dogs had unilateral cemented TKR and were evaluated at 6, 12, 26, or 52 weeks (6 dogs/time point) by radiography, bone density analysis, visual gait assessment, and direct measurement of thigh circumference and stifle joint range of motion as indicators of functional recovery. At study end, the stability of the cemented tibial component was determined by destructive mechanical testing.
Results— Joint stability was excellent in 16 dogs (67%) and good in 8 dogs. None of the tibial components had evidence of migration or periprosthetic osteolysis whereas 1 femoral component was loose at 52 weeks. There was an early and significant decrease in tibial bone density, likely because of disuse of the operated limb. Dogs returned to full activity by 12 weeks. The tibial cement–bone interface maintained its strength over 52 weeks.
Conclusions— Cement provides stable fixation of the tibial component in canine TKR.
Clinical Relevance— Cemented TKR yields adequate clinical function and stifle joint excursion in the dog. Clinical studies are needed to determine the long-term fate of cemented TKR implants, to assess the influence of implant design on implant fixation and wear, and to obtain objective functional data. 相似文献
8.
Objectives— To describe the clinical outcome of a 4 pin lumbosacral fixation technique for lumbosacral fracture–luxations, and to refine placement technique for iliac pins based on canine cadaver studies.
Study Design— Retrospective and anatomic study.
Sample Population— Dogs (n=5) with lumbosacral fracture-luxations and 8 cadaveric canine pelvi.
Methods— Lumbosacral fracture–luxations were stabilized with a 4 pin (positive-profile threaded) and bone cement fixation. Caudal pins were inserted in the iliac body and cranial pins were inserted into the L7 or L6 pedicle and body. Follow-up examinations and radiographs were performed to assess patient outcome. Intramedullary pins were inserted into the iliac bodies of 8 cadaver pelvi. Radiographs were taken to measure pin insertion angles and define ideal insertion angles that would maximize pin purchase in the ilium.
Results— Follow-up neurologic examination was normal in 4 dogs. Radiographic healing of the fracture was evident in 5 dogs. One implant failure occurred but did not require re-operation. For cadaver iliac pins, mean craniocaudal insertion angle was 29° and mean lateromedial insertion angle was 20°.
Conclusions— Four pin and bone cement fixation effectively stabilizes lumbosacral fracture luxations. The iliac body provides ample bone stock, which can be maximized using an average craniocaudal pin trajectory of 29° and an average lateromedial pin trajectory of 20°.
Clinical Relevance— Lumbosacral fracture–luxations can be stabilized with 4 pin and bone cement fixation in the lumbar vertebrae and iliac body, using 29 and 20° as guidelines for the craniocaudal and lateromedial pin insertion angles in the ilium. 相似文献
Study Design— Retrospective and anatomic study.
Sample Population— Dogs (n=5) with lumbosacral fracture-luxations and 8 cadaveric canine pelvi.
Methods— Lumbosacral fracture–luxations were stabilized with a 4 pin (positive-profile threaded) and bone cement fixation. Caudal pins were inserted in the iliac body and cranial pins were inserted into the L7 or L6 pedicle and body. Follow-up examinations and radiographs were performed to assess patient outcome. Intramedullary pins were inserted into the iliac bodies of 8 cadaver pelvi. Radiographs were taken to measure pin insertion angles and define ideal insertion angles that would maximize pin purchase in the ilium.
Results— Follow-up neurologic examination was normal in 4 dogs. Radiographic healing of the fracture was evident in 5 dogs. One implant failure occurred but did not require re-operation. For cadaver iliac pins, mean craniocaudal insertion angle was 29° and mean lateromedial insertion angle was 20°.
Conclusions— Four pin and bone cement fixation effectively stabilizes lumbosacral fracture luxations. The iliac body provides ample bone stock, which can be maximized using an average craniocaudal pin trajectory of 29° and an average lateromedial pin trajectory of 20°.
Clinical Relevance— Lumbosacral fracture–luxations can be stabilized with 4 pin and bone cement fixation in the lumbar vertebrae and iliac body, using 29 and 20° as guidelines for the craniocaudal and lateromedial pin insertion angles in the ilium. 相似文献
9.
CHARLES E. DECAMP DVM MS TERRANCE D. BRADEN dvm MS DiplomateACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1985,14(2):127-130
The case records of 92 consecutive dogs that suffered sacroiliac fracture-separation were examined. Seventy-seven per cent (71 of 92) had unilateral sacroiliac injury and 23% (21 of 92) had bilateral sacroiliac injury. Of the unilateral cases, 93% (66 of 71) of the dogs had associated acetabular, ilial, femoral, or tibial fractures; coxofemoral luxations; or cruciate injuries. Eighty-five per cent (78 of 92) of the dogs had either bilateral sacroiliac injury or unilateral sacroiliac injury and other orthopedic injuries of the opposite limb, thus disabling both hind limbs.
Sixty-five per cent (60 of 92) of the dogs received lag screw fixation of the sacroiliac joint. Of 29 dogs that were re-radiographed on an average of 437 days following fixation, 38% (11 of 29) showed evidence of loosening of the lag screw fixation.a
Screws that were placed in the body of the sacrum in some dogs resulted in the fewest loosened fixations (12%, 2 of 17), compared to other locations of screw placement. The fixation had loosened in 7% (1 of 14) of dogs that had a cumulative screw depth/sacral width of 60% or more, compared with 48% of dogs (10 of 21) where cumulative screw depth was less than 60%. The number of screws per fixation and whether the separation was fully reduced or not did not affect whether the fixation loosened. 相似文献
Sixty-five per cent (60 of 92) of the dogs received lag screw fixation of the sacroiliac joint. Of 29 dogs that were re-radiographed on an average of 437 days following fixation, 38% (11 of 29) showed evidence of loosening of the lag screw fixation.a
Screws that were placed in the body of the sacrum in some dogs resulted in the fewest loosened fixations (12%, 2 of 17), compared to other locations of screw placement. The fixation had loosened in 7% (1 of 14) of dogs that had a cumulative screw depth/sacral width of 60% or more, compared with 48% of dogs (10 of 21) where cumulative screw depth was less than 60%. The number of screws per fixation and whether the separation was fully reduced or not did not affect whether the fixation loosened. 相似文献
10.
Pratschke KM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2003,32(3):292-296
OBJECTIVE: To describe inflammatory polyps of the middle ear in 5 dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Case series. ANIMALS: Five dogs with ear disease. METHODS: Medical records (1995-2001) were reviewed to identify dogs with inflammatory polyps of the middle ear. Signalment, clinical signs, ancillary diagnostic procedures, treatment, postoperative complications, and outcome were recorded. Owners and referring veterinarians were contacted to document outcome. RESULTS: Dogs with inflammatory polyps of the middle ear were male and aged 4 to 13 years. Two dogs had bilateral polyps, whereas 3 had unilateral polyps. The most common clinical presentation was otitis externa and media, with radiographic evidence of otitis media. Polyps were treated by ventral bulla osteotomy (VBO) in 1 dog and total ear canal ablation with lateral bulla osteotomy (TECA-LBO) in 4 dogs. Polyps consisted of a fibrovascular stroma infiltrated with neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. The overlying epithelium was frequently ulcerated. Immediate postoperative complications included a seroma after VBO (1 dog) and transient unilateral facial nerve paralysis after bilateral TECA-LBO (1 dog). No recurrence occurred within 9 to 69 months. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral or bilateral, inflammatory polyps can occur in the middle ear of dogs in association with otitis externa and media. No recurrence occurred after surgical removal of the polyps. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Inflammatory polyps of the middle ear in dogs can be a cause of otitis externa/media. Surgical removal of aural polyps has a good prognosis. 相似文献
11.
Na Young Yi Shin Ae Park† Man Bok Jeong‡ Won Tae Kim† Se Eun Kim† Ji Youn Kim§ Je Min Chae¶ Kyoung Jin Jang Je Kyung Seong†† Kang Moon Seo† 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2009,12(3):139-151
Objective To evaluate motility of silicone orbital implants and corneoscleral prostheses, with and without use of a motility coupling post (MCP) in dogs.
Animals studied Eighteen mixed-breed dogs.
Procedures The motility of an orbital silicone implant and corneoscleral prosthesis after enucleation ( n = 6), evisceration ( n = 6), or use of a MCP with evisceration ( n = 6) in dogs were compared. One eye from each dog had surgery whereas the opposite eye was used as a control. Clinical evaluations were performed three times a week. Histopathology of the orbital tissues was performed 8 and 12 weeks after surgery.
Results Implant motility in dogs with evisceration (vertical movement [VM] 8.04 ± 2.13; horizontal movement [HM] 11 ± 3.05) and evisceration with MCP (VM 9.61 ± 1.59); HM was significantly greater than the enucleation group (VM 0.51 ± 0.5; HM 1.22 ± 0.68) ( P < 0.01). Prosthetic motility in dogs with evisceration with MCP was significantly greater than in dogs with evisceration; dogs with evisceration had significantly greater motility than dogs with enucleation ( P < 0.01). No postoperative complications were observed in any of the groups. No significant abnormalities were noted on histopathology.
Conclusions MCP placement in silicone orbital implants significantly enhanced the prosthetic motility in dogs. This study supports the use of MCP in silicone orbital implants to enhance corneoscleral prosthesis motility and cosmetics in dogs. 相似文献
Animals studied Eighteen mixed-breed dogs.
Procedures The motility of an orbital silicone implant and corneoscleral prosthesis after enucleation ( n = 6), evisceration ( n = 6), or use of a MCP with evisceration ( n = 6) in dogs were compared. One eye from each dog had surgery whereas the opposite eye was used as a control. Clinical evaluations were performed three times a week. Histopathology of the orbital tissues was performed 8 and 12 weeks after surgery.
Results Implant motility in dogs with evisceration (vertical movement [VM] 8.04 ± 2.13; horizontal movement [HM] 11 ± 3.05) and evisceration with MCP (VM 9.61 ± 1.59); HM was significantly greater than the enucleation group (VM 0.51 ± 0.5; HM 1.22 ± 0.68) ( P < 0.01). Prosthetic motility in dogs with evisceration with MCP was significantly greater than in dogs with evisceration; dogs with evisceration had significantly greater motility than dogs with enucleation ( P < 0.01). No postoperative complications were observed in any of the groups. No significant abnormalities were noted on histopathology.
Conclusions MCP placement in silicone orbital implants significantly enhanced the prosthetic motility in dogs. This study supports the use of MCP in silicone orbital implants to enhance corneoscleral prosthesis motility and cosmetics in dogs. 相似文献
12.
Drygas KA Taylor R Sidebotham CG Hugate RR McAlexander H 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(4):322-327
Objective— To report surgical planning, technique, and long-term outcome of custom transcutaneous tibial implants used to restore ambulation after bilateral pelvic limb amputation in a dog.
Study Design— Case report.
Animals— A 4-year-old, 25.5 kg, female spayed, Siberian Husky.
Methods— Computed tomographic scans of the pelvic limbs were used to build sterolithographic models of the remaining tibia after bilateral amputation of the distal aspect of the tibiae. The sterolithographic models facilitated fabrication of implants that would replace the missing distal segments of the tibiae. Custom implants were surgically placed in both limbs.
Results— Assisted ambulation was restored immediately postoperatively and unassisted locomotion occurred at 7 days. At 14 months, aseptic loosening of the right implant occurred, it was removed and a 2nd transcutaneous implant was fabricated and implanted. At 26 months after initial surgery and 17 months after revision of the right implant, function is restored at a walk, trot, and run.
Conclusion— Based on over a 2-year follow-up, transcutaneous tibial implants allowed for restoration of locomotion.
Clinical Relevance— Transcutaneous tibial implants offer a potentially viable treatment option for restoring ambulation after amputation of the distal aspect of the tibiae in the dog. 相似文献
Study Design— Case report.
Animals— A 4-year-old, 25.5 kg, female spayed, Siberian Husky.
Methods— Computed tomographic scans of the pelvic limbs were used to build sterolithographic models of the remaining tibia after bilateral amputation of the distal aspect of the tibiae. The sterolithographic models facilitated fabrication of implants that would replace the missing distal segments of the tibiae. Custom implants were surgically placed in both limbs.
Results— Assisted ambulation was restored immediately postoperatively and unassisted locomotion occurred at 7 days. At 14 months, aseptic loosening of the right implant occurred, it was removed and a 2nd transcutaneous implant was fabricated and implanted. At 26 months after initial surgery and 17 months after revision of the right implant, function is restored at a walk, trot, and run.
Conclusion— Based on over a 2-year follow-up, transcutaneous tibial implants allowed for restoration of locomotion.
Clinical Relevance— Transcutaneous tibial implants offer a potentially viable treatment option for restoring ambulation after amputation of the distal aspect of the tibiae in the dog. 相似文献
13.
BARBARA B. BOCKSTAHLER DVM ROLAND GESKY DVM MARION MUELLER DVM JOHANN G. THALHAMMER DVM PhD CHRISTIAN PEHAM DME I. PODBREGAR MSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(6):754-761
Objective— To describe the activity pattern of the vastus lateralis muscle in dogs at walk measured by surface electromyography (EMG) in relation to kinematics and kinetics of the pelvic limb.
Study Design— Experimental.
Animals— Malinois dogs (n=11).
Methods— Dogs (mean ± SD age, 5.5 ± 2.9 years; weight, 27.3 ± 3.8 kg; shoulder height, 62.7 ± 3.3 cm) walked on a treadmill system with integrated force plates, which allowed simultaneous analysis of kinematics, kinetics, and EMG data from all limbs. The maxima, minima, and their time of occurrence in the motion cycle of the EMG and the pelvic limb kinematics and kinetics were calculated; correlations between joint movement patterns, ground reaction forces (GRF), and activity pattern of the muscle group were investigated.
Results— The vastus lateralis muscle had an activity pattern with 2 peaks and a close positive correlation with GRF. The 1st peak occurred in early stance, followed by a decrease in activity during mid-stance. The 2nd peak occurred directly before the quick activity decrease in late stance phase, reaching its minimum early in swing phase.
Conclusions— These results suggest that the vastus lateralis muscle supports the vertical position and elevation of the pelvis during stance and push-off. During early stance, the muscle acts as a coantagonist to the hamstring muscle group and the gastrocnemius muscle, and restrains flexion during the late stance.
Clinical Relevance— Results of this study could enhance diagnosis of locomotor system disorders and facilitate monitoring effects of treatments (e.g., therapeutic exercises) on gait ability and muscle function. 相似文献
Study Design— Experimental.
Animals— Malinois dogs (n=11).
Methods— Dogs (mean ± SD age, 5.5 ± 2.9 years; weight, 27.3 ± 3.8 kg; shoulder height, 62.7 ± 3.3 cm) walked on a treadmill system with integrated force plates, which allowed simultaneous analysis of kinematics, kinetics, and EMG data from all limbs. The maxima, minima, and their time of occurrence in the motion cycle of the EMG and the pelvic limb kinematics and kinetics were calculated; correlations between joint movement patterns, ground reaction forces (GRF), and activity pattern of the muscle group were investigated.
Results— The vastus lateralis muscle had an activity pattern with 2 peaks and a close positive correlation with GRF. The 1st peak occurred in early stance, followed by a decrease in activity during mid-stance. The 2nd peak occurred directly before the quick activity decrease in late stance phase, reaching its minimum early in swing phase.
Conclusions— These results suggest that the vastus lateralis muscle supports the vertical position and elevation of the pelvis during stance and push-off. During early stance, the muscle acts as a coantagonist to the hamstring muscle group and the gastrocnemius muscle, and restrains flexion during the late stance.
Clinical Relevance— Results of this study could enhance diagnosis of locomotor system disorders and facilitate monitoring effects of treatments (e.g., therapeutic exercises) on gait ability and muscle function. 相似文献
14.
Manuela Crasta Alison B. Clode† Richard J. McMullen Jr.† Diana O. Pate† Brian C. Gilger† 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2010,13(1):14-19
Objective To compare the effect of topical latanoprost, intracameral carbachol, or no adjunctive medical therapy on the development of acute postoperative hypertension (POH) and inflammation after routine phacoemulsification and aspiration (PA) of cataracts in dogs.
Design Retrospective study.
Procedures Dogs received either one drop of topical 0.005% latanoprost (21 dogs, 39 eyes), an intracameral injection of 0.3 mL of 0.01% carbachol (15 dogs, 30 eyes), or no adjunctive therapy (46 dogs, 90 eyes) immediately following PA of cataract(s). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured in all dogs 2 and 4 h after surgery. IOP was measured and aqueous flare assessed at 8 am the day after surgery.
Results Carbachol-treated dogs had significantly higher mean IOP (33.2 ± SD 20.8 mmHg) 2 h after surgery than dogs receiving no adjunctive therapy (22.0 ± SD 14.1 mmHg) ( P = 0 .049). There were no significant differences in IOP among groups at any other time point. There were no significant differences in number of POH episodes between dogs treated with carbachol (47%), latanoprost (29%), or dogs that received no adjunctive therapy (33%). There were no significant differences in mean aqueous flare grade between eyes treated with latanoprost (1.7 ± SD 0.4) or carbachol (1.4 ± SD 0.6), and eyes that received no adjunctive therapy (1.7 ± SD 0.4).
Conclusions Topical 0.005% latanoprost or intracameral injection of 0.3 mL of 0.01% carbachol after PA in dogs did not reduce POH or increase intraocular inflammation compared to dogs not receiving adjunctive therapy after PA of cataracts. 相似文献
Design Retrospective study.
Procedures Dogs received either one drop of topical 0.005% latanoprost (21 dogs, 39 eyes), an intracameral injection of 0.3 mL of 0.01% carbachol (15 dogs, 30 eyes), or no adjunctive therapy (46 dogs, 90 eyes) immediately following PA of cataract(s). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured in all dogs 2 and 4 h after surgery. IOP was measured and aqueous flare assessed at 8 am the day after surgery.
Results Carbachol-treated dogs had significantly higher mean IOP (33.2 ± SD 20.8 mmHg) 2 h after surgery than dogs receiving no adjunctive therapy (22.0 ± SD 14.1 mmHg) ( P = 0 .049). There were no significant differences in IOP among groups at any other time point. There were no significant differences in number of POH episodes between dogs treated with carbachol (47%), latanoprost (29%), or dogs that received no adjunctive therapy (33%). There were no significant differences in mean aqueous flare grade between eyes treated with latanoprost (1.7 ± SD 0.4) or carbachol (1.4 ± SD 0.6), and eyes that received no adjunctive therapy (1.7 ± SD 0.4).
Conclusions Topical 0.005% latanoprost or intracameral injection of 0.3 mL of 0.01% carbachol after PA in dogs did not reduce POH or increase intraocular inflammation compared to dogs not receiving adjunctive therapy after PA of cataracts. 相似文献
15.
JON CHEETHAM VetMB Diplomate ACVS THOMAS H. WITTE BVetMed PhD LEO V. SODERHOLM JOHN W. HERMANSON PhD NORM G. DUCHARME DMV MSc Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(6):588-593
Objective— To develop an in vitro laryngeal model to mimic airflow and pressures experienced by horses at maximal exercise with which to test laryngoplasty techniques.
Study Design— Randomized complete block.
Sample Population— Cadaveric equine larynges (n=10).
Methods— Equine larynges were collected at necropsy and a bilateral prosthetic laryngoplasty suture was placed with #5 Fiberwire™ suture to achieve bilateral maximal arytenoid abduction. Each larynx was positioned in a flow chamber and subjected to static flow and dynamic flow cycling at 2 Hz. Tracheal pressure and flow, and pressure within the flow chamber were recorded at a sampling frequency of 500 Hz. Data obtained were compared with the published physiologic values for horses exercising at maximal exercise.
Results— Under static flow conditions, the testing system produced inspiratory tracheal pressures (mean±SEM) of −33.0±0.98 mm Hg at a flow of 54.48±1.8 L/s. Pressure in the flow chamber was −8.1±2.2 mm Hg producing a translaryngeal impedance of 0.56±0.15 mm Hg/L/s. Under dynamic conditions, cycling flow and pressure were reproduced at a frequency of 2 Hz, the peak inspiratory (mean±SEM) pharyngeal and tracheal pressures across all larynges were −8.85±2.5 and −35.54±1.6 mm Hg, respectively. Peak inspiratory flow was 51.65±2.3 L/s and impedance was 0.57±0.06 mm Hg/L/s.
Conclusions— The model produced inspiratory pressures similar to those in horses at maximal exercise when airflows experienced at exercise were used.
Clinical Relevance— This model will allow testing of multiple novel techniques and may facilitate development of improved techniques for prosthetic laryngoplasty. 相似文献
Study Design— Randomized complete block.
Sample Population— Cadaveric equine larynges (n=10).
Methods— Equine larynges were collected at necropsy and a bilateral prosthetic laryngoplasty suture was placed with #5 Fiberwire
Results— Under static flow conditions, the testing system produced inspiratory tracheal pressures (mean±SEM) of −33.0±0.98 mm Hg at a flow of 54.48±1.8 L/s. Pressure in the flow chamber was −8.1±2.2 mm Hg producing a translaryngeal impedance of 0.56±0.15 mm Hg/L/s. Under dynamic conditions, cycling flow and pressure were reproduced at a frequency of 2 Hz, the peak inspiratory (mean±SEM) pharyngeal and tracheal pressures across all larynges were −8.85±2.5 and −35.54±1.6 mm Hg, respectively. Peak inspiratory flow was 51.65±2.3 L/s and impedance was 0.57±0.06 mm Hg/L/s.
Conclusions— The model produced inspiratory pressures similar to those in horses at maximal exercise when airflows experienced at exercise were used.
Clinical Relevance— This model will allow testing of multiple novel techniques and may facilitate development of improved techniques for prosthetic laryngoplasty. 相似文献
16.
Halfacree ZJ Baines SJ Lipscomb VJ Grierson J Summers BA Brockman DJ 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2007,36(6):587-592
Objective— To describe a thoracic wall reconstructive technique using a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap after en bloc resection of primary rib chondrosarcoma and report outcome in 5 dogs.
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=5) with primary rib chondrosarcoma.
Methods— Medical records (2003–2005) were reviewed for signalment, staging investigations, surgical findings, complications, and outcomes. Owners and veterinary surgeons were contacted for outcome information.
Results— A latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap provided an air-tight thoracic wall closure after chondrosarcoma resection. Paradoxical respiratory movement of the flap occurred; however, from physical examination and blood gas analysis (2 dogs), ventilation was adequate. All flaps survived, 1 had superficial skin necrosis distally and 2 had minor wound dehiscence. One dog without tumor-free margins died of tumor-related disease 56 days after surgery. Tumor recurrence did not occur in 4 dogs with tumor-free margins. One dog was euthanatized 10 months after surgery for unrelated disease; 3 dogs were alive at writing (median follow-up: 20 months; range, 18–27 months) and all had a satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcome.
Conclusions— Reconstruction of ventral thoracic wall defects using a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap yields a functional, cosmetic outcome.
Clinical Relevance— A latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap can be used as a successful 1-stage reconstructive technique for ventral thoracic wall defects. 相似文献
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=5) with primary rib chondrosarcoma.
Methods— Medical records (2003–2005) were reviewed for signalment, staging investigations, surgical findings, complications, and outcomes. Owners and veterinary surgeons were contacted for outcome information.
Results— A latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap provided an air-tight thoracic wall closure after chondrosarcoma resection. Paradoxical respiratory movement of the flap occurred; however, from physical examination and blood gas analysis (2 dogs), ventilation was adequate. All flaps survived, 1 had superficial skin necrosis distally and 2 had minor wound dehiscence. One dog without tumor-free margins died of tumor-related disease 56 days after surgery. Tumor recurrence did not occur in 4 dogs with tumor-free margins. One dog was euthanatized 10 months after surgery for unrelated disease; 3 dogs were alive at writing (median follow-up: 20 months; range, 18–27 months) and all had a satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcome.
Conclusions— Reconstruction of ventral thoracic wall defects using a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap yields a functional, cosmetic outcome.
Clinical Relevance— A latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap can be used as a successful 1-stage reconstructive technique for ventral thoracic wall defects. 相似文献
17.
Lord LK Wittum TE Ferketich AK Funk JA Rajala-Schultz PJ 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,230(2):211-216
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the process by which owners search for lost dogs and identify factors associated with time to recovery. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Owners of 187 dogs lost in Montgomery County, Ohio, between June 1 and September 30, 2005. PROCEDURES: A telephone survey was conducted. RESULTS: 132 of the 187 (71%) dogs were recovered; median time to recovery was 2 days (range, 0.5 to 21 days). Dogs were recovered primarily through a call or visit to an animal agency (46 [34.8%]), a dog license tag (24 [18.2%]), and posting of neighborhood signs (20 [15.2%]). Eighty-nine (48%) dogs had some type of identification at the time they were lost (ie, identification tag, dog license tag, rabies tag, or microchip). Owners had a higher likelihood of recovery when they called an animal agency (hazard ratio, 2.1), visited an animal agency (1.8), and posted neighborhood signs. Dogs that were wearing a dog license tag also had a higher likelihood of recovery (hazard ratio, 1.6). Owners were less likely to recover their dogs if they believed their dogs were stolen (hazard ratio, 0.3). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that various factors are associated with the likelihood that owners will recover a lost dog. Both animal agencies and veterinarians can play a role in educating dog owners on the importance of identification tags, licensing, and microchips and can help to emphasize the importance of having a search plan in case a dog is lost. 相似文献
18.
Oxytocin Content of the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Dogs and Its Relationship to Pain Induced by Spinal Cord Compression 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
DOROTHY CIMINO BROWN DVM Diplomate ACVS SANDRA PERKOWSKI VMD PhD Diplomate ACVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(6):607-611
Objectives —To determine whether oxytocin exists in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dogs and whether the amount of oxytocin in the CSF of dogs with neck or back pain caused by spinal cord compression is significantly different than that in the CSF of clinically normal dogs.
Study Design —Prospective controlled study.
Animal Population —A total of 15 purpose-bred beagles and 17 client-owned dogs.
Methods —CSF was collected by needle puncture of the cerebellar medullary cistern after induction of general anesthesia. Oxytocin levels within the samples were determined through radioimmunoassay.
Results —Dogs with spinal cord compression had significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than the clinically normal dogs (13.76 ± 2.0 pg/mL and 3.61 ± 0.63 pg/mL, respectively; P < .0001). Dogs with chronic signs (>7 days) had significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than dogs with acute signs (<7 days) (21.60 ± 0.86 pg/mL and 6.80 ± 0.81 pg/mL, respectively; P < .0001). Both acutely and chronically affected dogs had significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than the controls ( P < .005 and P < .0001 respectively).
Conclusions —Dogs with neck and back pain caused by spinal cord compression have significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than clinically normal dogs. Dogs with chronic clinical signs have significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than dogs with acute clinical signs.
Clinical Relevance —In humans, intrathecal injection of oxytocin is effective in treating low back pain for up to 5 hours. Intrathecal oxytocin may be a logical choice for perioperative analgesia in dogs undergoing myelography because the intrathecal space is accessed for injection of contrast agent. 相似文献
Study Design —Prospective controlled study.
Animal Population —A total of 15 purpose-bred beagles and 17 client-owned dogs.
Methods —CSF was collected by needle puncture of the cerebellar medullary cistern after induction of general anesthesia. Oxytocin levels within the samples were determined through radioimmunoassay.
Results —Dogs with spinal cord compression had significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than the clinically normal dogs (13.76 ± 2.0 pg/mL and 3.61 ± 0.63 pg/mL, respectively; P < .0001). Dogs with chronic signs (>7 days) had significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than dogs with acute signs (<7 days) (21.60 ± 0.86 pg/mL and 6.80 ± 0.81 pg/mL, respectively; P < .0001). Both acutely and chronically affected dogs had significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than the controls ( P < .005 and P < .0001 respectively).
Conclusions —Dogs with neck and back pain caused by spinal cord compression have significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than clinically normal dogs. Dogs with chronic clinical signs have significantly more oxytocin in their CSF than dogs with acute clinical signs.
Clinical Relevance —In humans, intrathecal injection of oxytocin is effective in treating low back pain for up to 5 hours. Intrathecal oxytocin may be a logical choice for perioperative analgesia in dogs undergoing myelography because the intrathecal space is accessed for injection of contrast agent. 相似文献
19.
JEAN-BENOIT G. N. G. LEFEBVRE DMV THOMAS R. A. ROBERTSON MA VetMB Cert VDI STEPHEN J. BAINES MA VetMB Cert VR Cert SAS PhD Diplomate ECVS NICHOLAS D. JEFFERY BVSc Cert SAO DSAS PhD Diplomate ECVS & ECVN FRCVS SORREL J. LANGLEY-HOBBS MA BVetMed DSAS Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(6):545-551
Objective— To evaluate the effect of fracture and subsequent repair on future bone growth of the humerus after Salter–Harris type IV fracture of the lateral part of the humeral condyle (LPHC).
Study Design— Prospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=11).
Methods— Dogs that had LPHC fracture and an open distal humeral physis repaired (1992–2006) were re-examined and radiographed at ≥12 months of age and humeral length was measured.
Result— Measurements from 11 dogs showed a significant ( P =.02) increase in length of the humeral diaphysis of the affected leg compared with that of the intact limb (median, 1.2%; range, 1.3–3.4%). Condylar deformity secondary to growth disturbance was not observed.
Conclusion— Shortening or growth deformity was not observed after fracture and repair even if a transcondylar screw was placed through the distal humeral growth plate. A mild overgrowth of the humeral diaphysis was observed, although likely considered clinically unimportant.
Clinical Relevance— Fracture of the LPHC and subsequent repair in dogs >3 months of age do not impair growth of the humeral diaphysis. A transcondylar humeral screw placed through the humeral physis will not result in shortening of the humeral diaphysis. Implant removal to allow for further growth is therefore not indicated. 相似文献
Study Design— Prospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=11).
Methods— Dogs that had LPHC fracture and an open distal humeral physis repaired (1992–2006) were re-examined and radiographed at ≥12 months of age and humeral length was measured.
Result— Measurements from 11 dogs showed a significant ( P =.02) increase in length of the humeral diaphysis of the affected leg compared with that of the intact limb (median, 1.2%; range, 1.3–3.4%). Condylar deformity secondary to growth disturbance was not observed.
Conclusion— Shortening or growth deformity was not observed after fracture and repair even if a transcondylar screw was placed through the distal humeral growth plate. A mild overgrowth of the humeral diaphysis was observed, although likely considered clinically unimportant.
Clinical Relevance— Fracture of the LPHC and subsequent repair in dogs >3 months of age do not impair growth of the humeral diaphysis. A transcondylar humeral screw placed through the humeral physis will not result in shortening of the humeral diaphysis. Implant removal to allow for further growth is therefore not indicated. 相似文献
20.
Kinetic gait analysis of healthy dogs on two different surfaces 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Objective— To determine the effects of 2 different, commonly used surfaces with different coefficients of friction on ground reaction forces in normal dogs.
Study Design— Prospective, observational, single cross-over study.
Animals— Dogs (n=10) with no gait abnormalities.
Methods— Dogs were acclimated to the force plate and 5 valid trials for each dog and each limb were recorded. Velocity and acceleration were tightly controlled. Each dog was tested on both surfaces sequentially in different sequences. Data analysis was done on peak vertical force, peak impulse, breaking and propulsion peak forces and impulses. Three-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to separately evaluate the effect of floor type on force plate measures in fore and hind limbs, while controlling for side (left versus right) and experimental replicate. P -values<.05 were considered significant. Mean force and 95% confidence interval for the 6 variables analyzed for all limbs on each surface were calculated.
Results— There were no significant differences in ground reaction forces between the linoleum and the carpet surface for thoracic or pelvic limbs for all gait variables measured. There were no significant differences between each individual gait trial per dog between the right and left thoracic limbs trials nor differences between the right and left pelvic limb trials.
Conclusions— Normal dogs had no change in their ground reaction forces on linoleum and carpet surfaces.
Clinical Relevance— Kinetic results from multi-center or comparative trials will not be affected by use of either linoleum or carpet surfaces. 相似文献
Study Design— Prospective, observational, single cross-over study.
Animals— Dogs (n=10) with no gait abnormalities.
Methods— Dogs were acclimated to the force plate and 5 valid trials for each dog and each limb were recorded. Velocity and acceleration were tightly controlled. Each dog was tested on both surfaces sequentially in different sequences. Data analysis was done on peak vertical force, peak impulse, breaking and propulsion peak forces and impulses. Three-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to separately evaluate the effect of floor type on force plate measures in fore and hind limbs, while controlling for side (left versus right) and experimental replicate. P -values<.05 were considered significant. Mean force and 95% confidence interval for the 6 variables analyzed for all limbs on each surface were calculated.
Results— There were no significant differences in ground reaction forces between the linoleum and the carpet surface for thoracic or pelvic limbs for all gait variables measured. There were no significant differences between each individual gait trial per dog between the right and left thoracic limbs trials nor differences between the right and left pelvic limb trials.
Conclusions— Normal dogs had no change in their ground reaction forces on linoleum and carpet surfaces.
Clinical Relevance— Kinetic results from multi-center or comparative trials will not be affected by use of either linoleum or carpet surfaces. 相似文献