共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
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本文概括了山东省绵羊、山羊种业总体规模大、特征明显、种质资源丰富、种质资源保存与利用等现状;分析了绵、山羊地方品种保护与利用不足、引进品种生产性能退化、新品种培育难度大、育种技术和育种模式落后等问题;提出了地方品种保护和利用并重、本品种选育和引入品种相结合、加大育种投入和长远育种规划、育种技术和育种模式等方面的建议,目... 相似文献
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《中国草食动物科学》2020,(2)
我国地方绵羊品种资源丰富,同时也引进、育成了很多品种,但目前仍缺少优质肉羊终端父本。随着分子育种技术的不断发展,应以常规育种技术为基础,充分应用DNA分子标记辅助选择、基因芯片技术、BLUP法、基因编辑和计算机技术,采用MEOT和JIVET繁育技术,以生长速度快、肉品质和产肉性能好、繁殖率高等为育种目标,组织开展联合育种,加快我国专用肉羊品种的培育,为肉羊产业的发展提供有力的支撑。 相似文献
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中国肉羊新品种培育的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
文章以全新的观点从现代家畜育种的基本理论出发。论述了我国培育肉羊新品种应具备的种质特征。我国专门化肉羊育种的目标，适宜的培育方法．技术原则。全面分析了当前我国肉羊品种培育的种质资源基础和国内已开展的系统育种工作的主要进展。 相似文献
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畜禽育种:工程化时代到来了吗? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国家禽》2019,(4)
我国畜禽育种成就显著,但由于生产效率低,产品缺乏价格优势,整个畜禽种业尚不能在国际竞争中取得有利地位。目前畜禽种业存在的问题与畜禽育种研究密切相关,需要采用系统工程思想对育种系统进行科学指导,即通过工程化育种来支撑种业的发展。文章以我国畜禽育种现状、存在的问题作为切入点,基于系统工程三维空间法与畜禽育种高度契合,提出了畜禽工程化育种的理念,并从时间维、逻辑维和知识维三个方面将畜禽育种分为七个步骤,通过程序软件、育种设备、物联网、专家系统等载体组装,对资源和育种要素进行优化,最终实现遗传育种研究成果在育种实践中的有效应用;同时,阐述了在工程化育种全局统筹下我国畜禽工程化育种的研究方向。 相似文献
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我国非常缺乏自己的肉羊品种,也缺乏成功的肉羊育种经营模式。本文通过实地调查发现,云南石林生龙生态农业有限公司以农业科技为支撑,以努比黑山羊品系群选育为核心,以产业化经营为纽带,以可持续发展为原则,在经营上获得了成功。该公司的基本经验对于肉羊育种、繁殖与经营具有重要的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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河南省是全国养羊大省,大部分位于黄淮平原,秸秆资源和羊种质资源丰富、气候温润、交通便利,是中国肉羊产业化发展的黄金地带.种羊是羊产业发展的基础和源头,是推动羊产业高质量发展的"芯片".近年来,河南省以推进优质草畜发展为契机,大力推进牛羊产业,羊种业得到较快发展,但也存在羊种质资源保护利用不够、育种基础工作滞后、种业创新... 相似文献
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随着人民生活水平提高和膳食结构调整,绵羊奶必将受到人们的青睐.选取甘肃肉用绵羊新品种群、无角陶赛特和特克塞尔3个品种各8只母羊,对产后1～56 d泌乳理化性质变化进行研究,结果表明：3个品种乳成分及物理性质在第1～3 d变化最为明显,其中乳蛋白含量、非脂固形物含量和酸度3项指标呈现出前期快速下降,中期下降减缓,后期缓慢上升;乳糖指标则呈现出缓慢的前期上升,后期下降的趋势,对选取的3个品种初乳中蛋白、乳脂和可溶性固形物含量等指标对比,依次下降,乳糖含量和密度特克塞尔最高.常乳中除密度外3个品种间差异不显著（P＞0.05）.这为绵羊早期断奶和补饲提供了基础数据. 相似文献
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文章综述了从国外引进优良肉用绵羊品种对国内不同地方绵羊品种杂交改良方面的研究应用情况,重点介绍了萨福克羊、杜泊羊、无角陶赛特羊、美利奴羊、特克塞尔羊等优良绵羊品种与我国不同地方绵羊品种杂交,其杂交后代在生长发育性能、产肉性能、胴体品质等方面的表现,旨在总结中国肉用绵羊的杂交改良工作,为推动中国肉用绵羊杂交改良,提高地方绵羊的生长性能和肉用性能,扩大我国肉羊的生产规模,促进我国畜牧业的健康发展和动物性肉食结构平衡提供借鉴。 相似文献
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试验采用Gompertz模型和Logistic模型拟合了甘肃肉用绵羊新品种选育群的早期生长发育过程。结果表明,2种模型拟合度均在0.91以上,拟合效果好,其中Gompertz模型在拟合度和预测体重效果方面较Logistic模型好。因此,采用Gompertz模型参数估算出甘肃肉用绵羊新品种选育群公、母羊的拐点体重分别是24.06和16.16 kg,拐点月龄是2.73和1.80个月,最大月增重是7.92和7.64 kg,瞬时生长率是7.27和5.18,相对生长率是0.21和0.17。由此证明Gompertz模型可以用于指导甘肃肉用绵羊新品种的选育。 相似文献
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目前我国绵羊无论存栏数还是产肉量均居世界首位,但各地方品种众多,与世界优良肉用绵羊相比普遍体重较小、生长慢。2001年以来我国引进了著名肉用绵羊—杜泊绵羊,各地相继开展了杜泊绵羊对本地绵羊的杂交改良,都取得了显著效果,杂交后代在生长速度及产肉性能方面都有很大的提高,为加速我国肉用绵羊业的发展开创了新的途径。 相似文献
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为了分析不同品种藏系绵羊育肥后的羊肉品质,以阿旺绵羊、岗巴绵羊、彭波半细毛羊、安多绵羊4种3岁龄的藏系绵羊种公羊为研究对象,在同一饲养管理条件下,采用半舍饲+青草+秸秆+配方精饲料的方式育肥3个月后屠宰,取每只种公羊的背最长肌1 kg,进行羊肉品质分析。结果表明:①岗巴绵羊肉感官评分最高,总体可接受性也最好,其肉质特性为亮度值最大(L*值为43.09),光泽度最好;其肉剪切力为2 960 g、硬度为1 140 g、内聚力为0.419 kPa、弹力为0.25 N,质构品质最佳;其肉持水力为34.3%,蒸煮损失率为30.3%,肉质鲜嫩柔软。②岗巴绵羊肉的总脂肪酸含量、饱和脂肪酸含量、不饱和脂肪酸含量最高,分别为5.96、2.89、3.08 g/100 g。③除阿旺绵羊以外,以上3个品种藏系绵羊肉的必需氨基酸与总氨基酸的比值、必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值均超过或接近联合国粮农组织与世界卫生组织提出的标准,其中,安多绵羊肉的氨基酸总量以及必需氨基酸总量均为最高,分别为22.8、9.89 g/100 g干物质。由该试验结果可以得出,岗巴绵羊肉感官评分最高、食用品质最佳、加工品质最好;安多绵羊肉的营养价值最高。 相似文献
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Mastitis is a problem in the sheep industry, and its incidence varies widely with how it is recorded, the breed of sheep and the farm. Virtually all the published information about the genetics of mastitis refers to dairy breeds of cattle and sheep, and there is little information for meat sheep breeds. Many dairy breeding programmes worldwide use the somatic cell count (scc) in milk as an indicator of resistance to clinical and subclinical mastitis, but it is difficult to measure in meat sheep breeds. Molecular genetic technologies may therefore be a more practical way to assess susceptibility to mastitis. This paper reviews the genetics of mastitis and considers the opportunities for breeding for resistance to mastitis, with particular reference to sheep. In addition, to investigate the potential economic effects of mastitis in a purebred sheep population, a computer model of flock dynamics was developed. By making a modest set of assumptions about the key farm parameters that influence lowland sheep production, the model showed that breeding for resistance (or other control methods), if it could reduce the risk of contracting mastitis by 10 per cent, would be worth pounds 8.40 per ewe, equivalent annually to pounds 2.7 million for the purebred sector of the Texel breed alone. 相似文献
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do Nascimento Barreto Andréa Guimarães Maciel e Silva André Esteves Sergio Novita Jacinto Manuel Antonio Chagas Barioni Junior Waldomiro Brandão Felipe Zandonadi de Andrade Pantoja Messy Hannear Botta Daniela Romanello Narian Lemes Amanda Prudêncio Giro Alessandro Garcia Alexandre Rossetto 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(8):2481-2491
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Morada Nova breed sheep are without wool, tropicalized, small-sized animals, known for their high-quality meat and skin. Their body development naturally... 相似文献
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选取舍饲甘肃肉用绵羊新品种核心群母羊14只,对其产后1～30 d产奶量及乳成分指标的变化规律进行了研究。结果表明,舍饲甘肃肉用绵羊新品种核心群母羊产后30 d内具有较高的泌乳性能,30 d总泌乳量为(32.82±0.19) kg,日均泌乳量为(1.09±0.08) kg,1～30 d泌乳曲线方程为Y=530.60t0.368e-0.015t,日增重可达(0.234±0.033) kg。母羊产后30 d内各种常规成分及物理性质均以第1天变化最为显著,到第3天趋于平稳;初乳中各种成分的含量均与常乳不同并呈现一定规律性变化,产后1～7 d常规成分中可溶性固形物、非脂固形物、蛋白质和脂肪含量呈下降趋势;乳蛋白、非脂固形物、密度和酸度在产后1～21 d呈下降趋势,随后呈上升趋势;乳脂、可溶性固形物和酸度在产后30 d内一直呈下降趋势;乳糖含量在1～14 d呈上升趋势,随后其含量趋于平稳;冰点在1～5 d呈上升趋势,随后呈缓慢下降,而乳密度在产后30 d内变化不显著(P>0.05)。以上结果为甘肃肉用绵羊新品种群种质特性和早期断奶羔羊的补饲提供了基础数据。 相似文献
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Isler BJ Freking BA Thallman RM Heaton MP Leymaster KA 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(4):783-788
There is concern about potential antagonistic correlated responses due to intensive selection for scrapie-resistant haplotypes of the prion (PRNP) gene in sheep. The objective of the present research was to test for associations of PRNP haplotypes for codons 136, 154, and 171 with growth, carcass, and meat quality traits in an F2 Dorset x Romanov population (n = 415) segregating the 2 callipyge alleles. Haplotypes of the 3 PRNP codons were determined for each sheep, and breed of origin of each gamete was predicted by genotyping 6 microsatellite markers flanking the PRNP locus. Twenty-five growth, carcass, and meat quality traits were evaluated. Data were analyzed using a basic model consisting of fixed effects of year, sex, and callipyge genotype, the random effect of sire, and 7 covariates corresponding to the probability that a lamb inherited a specific PRNP haplotype of either Dorset or Romanov origin. A fixed effect of litter size was added to the model for growth traits. The model for carcass traits contained the linear and quadratic effects of chilled carcass weight and the interactions among callipyge genotype and linear and quadratic terms. For meat quality traits, the model contained chilled carcass weight as a covariate and the interaction between callipyge genotype and chilled carcass weight. A contrast between the resistant ARR haplotype and the average effect of other PRNP haplotypes was tested to investigate the effects of potential selection for ARR within each breed of origin (Dorset, ARR vs. ARQ, VRQ, and AHQ; Romanov, ARR vs. ARQ and VRQ). There was limited evidence that selecting for scrapie resistance would cause correlated responses due to linkage disequilibrium. Associations of only 3 traits with PRNP haplotypes were detected in either breed of origin. In Romanov, the ARR haplotype was associated with longer carcasses (P < 0.013), narrower rumps (P = 0.038), and less marbling (P = 0.022) than the average of ARQ and VRQ haplotypes. No significant contrasts were detected for Dorset. This study is the first to account for breed of origin while investigating haplotype associations in an F2 population. This study provided limited evidence of associations between PRNP haplotypes and growth, carcass, and meat quality traits. 相似文献
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Frequencies of PrP genotypes in meat breeds of Japanese sheep and trail of selective breeding in experimental sheep flock 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ohara J Togari T Kurokawa A Maeda J Ishiguro N Furuoka H Horiuchi M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(12):1325-1329
The selection of sheep with scrapie-resistant PrP genotypes is one of the control measures for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in ruminants. In this study, we investigated the frequencies of PrP genotypes in meat breeds in Japan. The nationwide surveillance revealed that nearly half of the Suffolk sheep, a major meat breed in Japan, carried scrapie-susceptible AQ/AQ and AQ/VQ genotypes. In addition, the VQ haplotype, which confers high susceptibility to scrapie within sheep, was also found in Poll Dorset sheep. A trial of selective breeding using sires with scrapie-resistant PrP genotypes AQ/AR and AR/AR could raise the ratio of scrapie-resistant sheep from less than 50% to 80% within 3 years. However, the use of sires with the AR/AR genotype and the selection of ewes would be required to achieve a higher ratio of scrapie-resistant sheep. 相似文献