首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Green manure crops can be used as alternatives to mineral fertilizers because they improve soil structure and nutrient content of soil. Here, we evaluated the effect of partial replacement of mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizer with rapeseed residue green manure on soil properties and rice productivity in a rice–rapeseed double-cropping system. The treatments were comprised of four levels of mineral N fertilizer and recommended levels of phosphate and potash fertilizers. Rice clum and panicle length did not differ between treatments. However, the proportion of ripened grains and 1,000-grain weight of rice plants were greater under rapeseed residue amendments than those under 100% conventional mineral N fertilizer treatments. Paddy soils treated with rapeseed residues had greater soil organic matter and exchangeable cations than those treated with mineral N fertilizer alone. Thus, rapeseed residues applied as green manure can serve as alternative N sources in sustainable rice–rapeseed double-cropping systems.  相似文献   

2.
不同动物排泄物氮的作物利用及对N2O排放的贡献   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
李晓 《土壤》2008,40(4):548-553
本文用同一种土壤,在不同水分管理模式下,种植两种作物,以不施 N 作为对照研究了人粪、猪粪、奶牛粪和鸡粪作肥料与尿素等 N 量施用,对小米和水稻籽粒产量、N 素利用率的影响以及对N20排放量的贡献.尿素与4种粪肥对小米和水稻产量、N素利用率和N20排放的贡献并不相同.水稻产量以施用尿素最高,施用鸡粪产量效应最低,与不施N处理接近,但旱作小米以施用人粪最高,其次为尿素和鸡粪处理.水稻和小米对N素的回收率均以尿索为最高,其次为人粪、鸡粪和牛粪,猪粪最低.尿素和4种粪肥处理,在小米播种和水稻移栽后的第2天均出现了N20的排放高峰.由于两种作物水分管理不同,N20排放高峰持续时间不同,水稻长于小米.在水稻烤田前后的干湿交替过程中,不同肥料处理均出现了N20的第2次排放高峰,除牛粪和猪粪处理外,N20 峰值的持续时间长达10天左右.N20排放总量在旱作小米生长季以人粪处理最高,尿素,鸡粪和猪粪处理接近,牛粪处理最低.水稻生长季N20排放量以尿素处理为最高,依次为人粪、鸡粪处理和猪粪处理,牛粪处理最低,与不施N处理接近.  相似文献   

3.
长期施肥对湖南稻田甲烷排放的影响   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  
采用静态箱-气相色谱法对长期不同施肥处理的稻田甲烷排放进行了手动观测。结果表明，不同施肥处理的稻田甲烷排放具有一致的规律，混施有机肥的处理甲烷排放大于单施氮肥的处理，同施用稻草相比，发酵猪粪处理的甲烷排放较少。文章还对影响稻田甲烷排放的因素进行了讨论。  相似文献   

4.
【目的】西南地区冷泥田的水稻生长不良可归因于多种障碍因子,包括土壤物理、化学和生物因子。本文针对冷泥田影响水稻生长的土壤化学障碍因子,研究了不同肥料或改良剂对冷泥田水稻生长、养分吸收和土壤性质的影响,旨在为这类土壤的培肥、改良利用和水稻高产提供科学依据和实用技术。【方法】试验地点选在四川省东南地区冷泥田集中的泸县,试验历时2年。试验设无肥对照(CK)、全量化肥(NPK)、NPK+泥炭(NPK+Pe)、NPK+商品有机肥(NPK+COF)、NPK+鸡粪(NPK+CM)、NPK+硅肥(NPK+Si)、NPK+石灰(NPK+L)、NPK+硅钙肥(NPK+Si Ca),NPK+锌肥(NPK+Zn)9个处理。在水稻收获前采集代表性植株样,调查水稻农艺性状,分析水稻对氮、磷和钾的吸收量;水稻收获后采集土壤样品,测定不同处理的土壤p H、全氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机质、还原性物质总量、活性还原物质以及亚铁和亚锰含量。【结果】结果表明,在所有处理中,NPK+L和NPK+Si Ca处理可改善水稻的产量构成因子,稻谷产量比NPK处理显著提高15.40%和10.64%;而其他处理的增产效果则均不显著。NPK+L和NPK+Si Ca处理的土壤p H明显高于其他处理,土壤还原性物质总量和活性还原物质(含Fe2+和Mn2+)含量显著降低;NPK+L和NPK+Si Ca处理可增加土壤养分的有效性,促进水稻对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收,改善土壤的化学性质。同时,土壤分析结果表明,该试验土壤的有效钙和有效硅均缺乏,而NPK+L和NPK+Si Ca处理增加了土壤的有效钙和有效硅,对提高水稻产量有重要贡献。有机肥对土壤相关性质的影响与石灰和硅钙肥相反,特别是鸡粪。施用锌肥对水稻有一定的增产效果,但差异不显著。水稻收获后土壤中氮、磷、钾养分残留量与施肥量和水稻吸收携出量密切相关。【结论】对长期淹水地势低洼的酸性冷泥田来说,石灰和硅钙肥是比较理想的土壤改良剂,能同时起到改善土壤性质和提高作物产量的效果;而有机肥,特别是未腐熟的有机肥或有机物料,则不宜在冷泥田中施用或大量施用。  相似文献   

5.
试验设置两种稻田免耕模式［常规免耕（C）、粉垄免耕（F）］,两种免耕模式下各设置四种施肥方式,绿肥与化肥配施（C3、F3）、蚕沙与化肥配施(C4、F4）,同步设置不施肥的空白对照（C1、F1）,施全量化肥的常规对照（C2、F2）处理,采用分离式静态箱−气象色谱法测定双稻季水稻生育期内稻田N2O排放通量,并测定水稻收获期干物质量、产量和根冠比等,以探讨集约化稻作下有机氮替代化学氮对稻田N2O排放及水稻产量的影响,为稻田有机资源与化肥配施提供科学依据。结果表明：（1）有机资源替代化学氮肥能够显著降低稻田N2O累计排放量。C3、C4、F3、F4的N2O累计排放量较C2、F2在早稻季分别降低69.1%、86.3%、69.9%和63.4%,晚稻季分别降低7.3%、67.2%、38.5%和60.4%;（2）免耕稻田下绿肥替代化肥利于水稻稳产。粉垄免耕下F3较F2产量提升0.6%～10.0%,F4较F2产量下降1.7%～6.6%;常规免耕下C3较C2产量降低1%～1.1%,C4较C2产量下降1.1%～8.4%。（3）有机资源等氮替代化肥影响水稻根系生长,显著提高植株干物质量、有效穗数和穗粒数。早、晚稻生长季C3、F3的植株干物质量较C2、F2分别提高22.6%和5.4%;有效穗数和穗粒数分别提高6.3%～13.5%和0.3%～6.2%。稻田免耕下两种有机资源替代化学氮肥均能有效降低N2O排放,粉垄免耕下绿肥替代化学氮肥显著提高水稻干物质量及根系活力,能够维持水稻产量稳定并减少稻田N2O排放,采用绿肥等氮替代化肥可作为一种集约化稻作可持续生产调控技术。  相似文献   

6.
为了解施用不同种类有机物对污染农田土壤重金属行为的影响,布设了田间小区试验,观察研究施用6种不同类型有机物对土壤水溶性重金属和农作物对重金属吸收等的影响。试验设7个处理,分别为对照(不施有机肥)、施新鲜水稻秸秆、新鲜鸡粪、鸡粪堆肥、新鲜猪粪、猪粪堆肥和商品有机肥,动态检测土壤中水溶性重金属含量、田面水中重金属浓度及收获水稻籽粒中重金属含量的变化。结果表明,与不施有机物的对照处理比较,施用各类有机物在试验前期均可明显提高土壤中水溶性重金属和田面水中重金属的含量,总体上以施用新鲜猪粪的最高,其次为新鲜鸡粪,施用商品有机肥的最低。土壤中水溶性重金属含量随试验时间增长逐渐下降。施用各类有机物对水稻籽粒中重金属的积累影响不明显。土壤中水溶性重金属及田面水中重金属含量均与相应的水溶性碳(DOC)浓度呈显著相关性,表明因有机物施用增加土壤中DOC浓度可能是土壤中水溶性重金属含量增加的主要原因;而不同有机物对土壤重金属活性影响的差异可能与有机物本身的分解程度及可释放DOC大小有关。但施用有机物引起的农田土壤水溶性重金属含量的增加是暂时的,对水稻生长后期籽粒中重金属积累的影响不明显。  相似文献   

7.
Experiments were conducted in an attempt to study the impact of using different organic residues as fertilizers on grain yield, magnitude of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, and soil characteristics. Five fertilizer treatments including conventional nitrogen (N) fertilizer, cow manure, rice straw, poultry manure, and sugarcane bagasse were applied in the rice field in 2012. The maximum reduction in seasonal N2O emissions (10–27%) was observed under the influence of rice straw application over conventional N fertilizer. The experiment was repeated for a second season in 2013 with the same treatments for further confirmation of the results obtained during the first year of experimentation. The application of rice straw also showed a slight advantage by increasing grain yield (4.38 t ha?1) compared to control. Important soil properties and plant growth parameters were studied and their relationships with N2O emission were worked out. The incorporation of organic residues helped in restoring and improving the soil health and effectively enhancing grain yield with reduced N2O emission from rice fields.  相似文献   

8.
选取不同施肥处理的一季中稻田为研究对象,采用静态箱-气相色谱法对一季稻CH4排放通量进行手动观测。结果表明,与不施肥相比,各施肥处理CH4平均排放通量均有不同程度增加。其中稻草还田＋化肥处理（稻草处理）CH4平均排放通量为31.04mg·m-2·h-1,比化肥处理和猪粪＋化肥处理（猪粪处理）分别增加326.4%（P〈0.05）和211.7%（P〈0.05）,鸡粪＋化肥处理（鸡粪处理）比化肥和猪粪处理分别增加140.4%（P〈0.05）和75.7%（P〈0.05）。说明稻草还田和鸡粪处理显著增加稻田CH4排放通量,而猪粪处理与化肥无显著差异。同时对有关的环境因子进行分析表明,不同处理的土壤表层5cm温度、Eh与CH4排放通量存在显著相关关系;土壤pH值和水层厚度与稻田CH4季节排放通量相关性不明显。猪粪处理单位产量全球增温潜势（GWP）为0.83kg·kg-1,是较好的推荐施肥处理,对环境与产量之间效益的协调具有较好的作用。  相似文献   

9.
有机无机肥配施对稻穗不同部位粒重与结实率的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
【目的】通过定位试验,综合评价中国南方双季稻地区有机无机肥配施对水稻粒重与结实率的影响。【方法】从江西连续30年的定位试验稻田采样,比较施用化肥(NPK)、等养分条件下70%化肥配施30%有机肥(70F+30M)、50%化肥配施50%有机肥(50F+50M)、30%化肥配施70%有机肥(30F+70M)的稻穗不同部位粒重与结实率。有机肥早稻用紫云英,晚稻用腐熟猪粪;无机肥用尿素、过磷酸钙与氯化钾。采集的水稻品种为赣晚籼37号(926),把稻穗分为上、中、下三个部位,然后分别截取一次枝梗和二次枝梗上的籽粒测定粒重与结实率。【结果】1)与单施化肥相比,三个有机无机肥配施处理水稻的结实率均有提高,特别是稻穗中、下部的结实率均高于NPK处理,虽未达显著水平,但稻穗中、下部结实率的变异性远低于全施化肥处理;2)有机无机肥不同比例对粒重影响不同,50F+50M处理的粒重与NPK相比,显著增加了3.1%,而70F+30M和30F+70M处理差异不显著;3)将稻穗分为上、中、下三个部位,70F+30M和30F+70M处理不同穗位的粒重与NPK处理相比差异均不明显,但50F+50M处理穗上部与穗中部粒重分别增加了4.7%与3.8%,由于粒重变异系数较大,粒重增加不显著;4)与NPK处理相比,50F+50M处理稻穗上部的一次、二次枝梗粒重分别增加了4.8%与4.7%,稻穗中部的分别增加了3.0%与4.6%,但70F+30M和30F+70M处理稻穗上、中部不同枝梗的粒重与NPK处理相比无明显差异;5)有机无机肥配施处理稻穗上部各枝梗结实率与NPK处理无明显差异,但稻穗中、下部的一、二次枝梗结实率都大于NPK处理,其中二次枝梗结实率增加的幅度较大;有机无机配施穗中部与穗下部一次枝梗结实率变异系数小,但二次枝梗结实率的增加呈现不稳定状态。【结论】有机肥化肥的配施比例影响着水稻稻穗不同部位枝梗的实粒数和粒重。本试验条件下,50%化肥与50%有机肥配合最有利于增加稻穗中、上部一、二次枝梗的粒重,但对稻穗各部位粒重的增加不稳定;50%化肥配施50%有机肥配合还有利于增加稻穗中、下部二次枝梗的结实率。有机肥配施比例高于或低于50%时,养分供应滞后或超前,均未显现出优于单施化肥的效果,但是其结实率和粒重的稳定性,也在一定程度上体现了有机无机配施对水稻稻穗结实率和实粒重的良好作用。  相似文献   

10.
长期施肥对浙江稻田土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布的影响   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  
以浙江省稻田长期定位试验站为依托,研究长期不同施肥措施对土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布的影响。研究结果表明,与不施肥对照(CK)相比,栏肥与化肥配施(NPKOM)、单施栏肥(OM)、秸秆与化肥配施(NPKRS)和单施秸秆(RS)处理均显著提高了2 mm和2~0.25 mm水稳定性大团聚体的含量和团聚体平均重量直径(p0.05),强化了团聚体对土壤有机碳的物理保护作用。此外,长期有机无机配施(NPKOM和NPKRS)处理显著提高了各个粒级团聚体中有机碳含量,并且显著增加水稳定性大团聚体有机碳的贡献率,而长期单施化肥和单施秸秆处理并未有效增加土壤总有机碳含量。不同施肥处理下,2~0.25 mm粒级团聚体有机碳占土壤总有机碳的34.2%~48.6%,是土壤有机碳的主要载体。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)技术对2~0.25 mm和0.053 mm团聚体进行结构表征,发现长期单施有机肥或者有机无机配施下芳香族C较CK提高29.9%~45.2%,较NPK处理提高22.3%~36.6%,提高了土壤有机碳的芳构化。在有机碳积累方面,施用有机肥,尤其是栏肥与化肥配施,同时强化了团聚体对有机碳的物理保护以及促进了化学抗性有机碳组分的积累,是加强稻田土壤有机碳库积累的合理施肥模式。  相似文献   

11.
A 2-year field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two organics, farmyard manure and vermicompost, each at three rates (0, 5, 10 t ha?1 and 0, 1, 2 t ha?1, respectively), along with two levels of mineral fertilizer (75% and 100% of recommended dose), on crops yields and soil properties under a wheat–fodder maize cropping sequence. Individual addition of organics at a higher level increased yields of wheat and subsequent maize. Soil microbial biomass carbon was enhanced as both a direct and residual effect with the addition of farmyard manure followed by vermicompost and fertilizer treatments, and also by combined addition of manure with either vermicompost or mineral fertilizer. Farmyard manure increased the availability of soil macro- and micronutrients, whereas vermicompost influenced only the availability of micronutrients at wheat harvest. A residual effect of farmyard manure and mineral fertilizers was found for available N. Meanwhile, the residual status of micronutrients in the soil was either maintained or significantly improved due to organic amendments (Mn and Zn with farmyard manure; Fe and Zn with vermicompost). Interaction of farmyard manure and vermicompost at a higher level benefited the next crop by increasing the yield of fodder maize and improving the availability of P and metals in soil.  相似文献   

12.
皖南双季稻区长期施肥效应研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
在安徽休屯盆地进行的10年肥料定位试验结果表明,土壤对水稻产量的贡献率明显大于肥料,施肥的增产幅度随施肥年限有逐年降低趋势。氮磷钾肥增产效应依次为K＞N＞P。长期施用有机肥可保持水稻稳定增产,但在等养分条件下,紫云英与氮磷钾化肥配施（MNP）,早稻平均产量明显低于等养分的化服单施（NPK）,说明有机肥应提早施人,并增加氮肥作基肥的比例,以满足水稻幼苗对养分的需求。施用化肥或有机肥除有效钾外,土壤养分均有增加。因此从增产增收和养分平衡的意义上讲,必须重视稻田施用钾肥,适当控制磷肥用量。  相似文献   

13.
绿肥压青粉垄保护性耕作对稻田土壤温室气体排放的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
2016-2018年,在广西农业科学院试验田设置粉垄耕作与常规耕作2种耕作模式,并设不施肥、常规施用化肥、单倍绿肥压青+化肥和双倍绿肥压青+化肥4种施肥处理开展连续田间定位实验,2018年早稻插秧5d后开始采用分离式静态箱-气象色谱法连续对稻田温室气体排放通量进行测定,研究绿肥压青下不同耕作模式和施肥处理稻田主要温室气体排放特征及其定位累积效应,分析温室气体累积排放量和增温潜势,以期为粉垄保护性耕作方式和施肥管理模式提供参考依据。结果表明：粉垄耕作模式下常规施用化肥处理中CO2排放通量是常规耕作模式下的2.3倍,施用双倍绿肥处理稻田CH4排放峰值是化肥处理中的2.5～3.9倍。各处理中,粉垄耕作下单倍绿肥加化肥处理稻田CO2和N2O累积排放量均最少,分别为1469.29kg·hm-2和36.61g·hm-2。两种耕作模式下施用单倍绿肥加化肥CH4累积排放量均低于双倍绿肥加化肥的处理。可见,合理配施绿肥加化肥对粉垄耕作下水稻温室气体CO2和N2O减排有一定积极作用,稻田CH4排放量与绿肥压青量相关,温室气体的增温潜势也相应受到影响。在一定时间尺度上,绿肥压青下粉垄保护性耕作是一种减少和遏制农业温室气体排放的有效措施。  相似文献   

14.
施肥结构对冷浸田土壤肥力及水稻生长的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
冷浸田因长期受冷泉水浸渍,土体封闭,难以通气与氧化,土壤溶液Eh下降,有效养分低,水稻产量低。本研究通过田间小区试验和动态取样与室内测定,探求了单质化肥、稳定性肥、复合肥配施生鸡粪和熟鸡粪等施肥方式对冷浸田土壤肥力及水稻生长的影响。结果表明:与单质化肥处理比较,复合肥与熟鸡粪配施处理土壤松结态腐殖质占重组腐殖质的比例提高10.8%,紧结态腐殖质占重组腐殖质的比例降低15.5%,土壤有机质和活性有机质含量分别提高8.9%和4.0%,土壤阳离子交换量提高10.2%,早稻土壤细菌数和微生物活性分别提高390.0%和13.0%;同时土壤磷酸铝盐和磷酸钙盐含量分别提高40.0%和28.0%,且磷酸铝盐和磷酸钙盐占无机磷总量的比例提高,闭蓄态磷占无机磷总量的比例降低,促使土壤中难溶性磷向易溶性磷转化,提高土壤有效磷含量;最终早稻磷、钾吸收量分别提高14.0%和127.0%,早、晚稻产量分别增加11.0%和8.0%。由此得出,有机无机平衡施肥是适合于冷浸田土壤培肥、水稻增产的施肥方式。  相似文献   

15.
【目的】 团聚体的形成为土壤有机碳的稳定提供了重要的物理保护,施用有机肥影响着土壤团聚体的形成,量化有机肥施用剂量与团聚体有机碳稳定性之间的关系对于阐明农田土壤有机碳的固碳机制具有重要意义。 【方法】 以黑龙江省海伦市国家野外科学观测研究站为平台,选择连续10年进行化肥配施不同剂量有机肥处理[0、7.5、15、22.5 t/(hm2·a)]的黑土为研究对象,将团聚体分组与腐殖酸提取相结合,分析了不同粒径团聚体中有机碳和腐殖酸的含量与光学特性。 【结果】 1)与单施化肥相比,化肥配施有机肥增加了大团聚体( > 0.25 mm)的分配比例与团聚体的平均重量直径,二者均随着有机肥剂量的增加而逐渐升高,回归拟合分析表明,团聚体的平均重量直径与有机肥剂量之间呈现显著的正相关关系(P=0.03)。2) 2~0.25 mm团聚体是黑土有机碳的主要贮存场所,约占有机碳总量的64.8%~68.8%,大团聚体中有机碳的含量与储量均随着有机肥剂量的增加而逐渐升高, < 0.053 mm团聚体中有机碳含量与储量则维持在较稳定的水平。3)各粒级团聚体中腐殖酸碳含量以0.25~0.053 mm团聚体最高,各粒级团聚体中腐殖酸碳占有机碳百分比之间的差异不显著。化肥配施有机肥提高了各粒级团聚体中腐殖酸碳的含量,使团聚体对有机碳的固持能力增加,且各粒级团聚体中腐殖酸碳的含量随着有机肥剂量的增加逐渐升高。4)化肥配施有机肥增加了各粒级团聚体中腐殖酸的E4/E6比值,表明其分子结构简单化,且以 > 2 mm和0.25~0.053 mm团聚体中腐殖酸E4/E6比值的增加最显著。 【结论】 在黑土中,长期连续进行化肥配施有机肥,促进了团聚体的形成,改善了耕层土壤结构,增加了团聚体中有机碳的积累与固持能力,并使各粒级团聚体中腐殖酸的结构“年轻化”,这种促进作用在高剂量有机肥施用下更为显著。实际生产中,在短期内可通过适当提高有机肥的施用量以提高黑土肥力及其固碳能力。  相似文献   

16.
Rice fields are a major source of greenhouse gases,such as nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4).Organic fertilizers may potentially replace inorganic fertilizers to meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth;however,the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on N2O and CH4emissions and crop yield in paddy fields remain poorly understood and quantified.In this study,experimental plots were established in conventional double-cropping paddy field...  相似文献   

17.
郭龙  骆美  常珺枫  李陈  周晓天  刘莹  武升  马友华 《核农学报》2022,36(10):2063-2071
为探讨不同有机肥替代率对小麦减肥增效及减少麦田氮磷流失的效果,在等氮有机养分替代条件下进行田间小区监测试验,设置8种不同处理,分别为空白对照(CK),常规施肥(CF),100%、50%、30%猪粪有机养分替代氮肥(M1、M2、M3)及100%、50%、30%秸秆有机养分替代氮肥(F1、F2、F3),研究有机肥替代率对小麦产量、麦田氮磷流失、肥料利用率和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,100%有机养分替代处理与常规施肥处理相比小麦产量均显著降低,但减少了麦田氮径流流失,提高了土壤肥力。麦田不同处理下总氮流失量为21.90~33.66 kg·hm-2,与常规施肥处理相比,不同比例猪粪、秸秆有机养分替代处理总氮流失量减少了8.44%~25.94%;总磷流失量为0.60~2.00 kg·hm-2,100%有机养分替代处理相比于常规处理总磷流失量升高了24.64%~44.93%。不同处理下小麦氮、磷肥利用率分别为17%~35%、5%~19%,其中30%~50%猪粪有机养分替代处理下氮、磷肥利用率较高,而100%猪粪、秸秆有机养分替代氮、磷肥利用率较常规施肥处理均显著降低。有机养分替代能够缓解土壤酸化,使土壤pH值维持稳定,与常规施肥处理相比,有机养分替代处理下土壤肥力有所提高。综合不同比例猪粪、秸秆有机养分替代对小麦产量、土壤肥力及麦田氮磷径流流失的影响,30%~50%猪粪有机养分替代在保证小麦高产稳产的同时,能有效降低麦田氮径流流失量,且维持较低水平磷径流流失量,是一种适宜的资源有效利用、节肥增效的有机养分替代模式。本研究结果为小麦生产中合理利用养分资源、减少化肥投入、控制麦田氮磷径流流失提供了参考。  相似文献   

18.
Biochar amendments offer promising potential to improve soil fertility, soil organic carbon (SOC) and crop yields; however, a limited research has explored these benefits of biochar in the arid and semi‐arid regions. This two‐year field study investigated the effects of Acacia tree biomass‐derived biochar, applied at 0 and 10 t ha?1 rates with farmyard manure (FYM) or poultry manure (PM) and mineral phosphorus (P) fertilizer combinations (100 kg P ha‐1), on maize (Zea mays L.) productivity, P use efficiency (PUE) and farm profitability. The application of biochar with organic–inorganic P fertilizers significantly increased soil P and SOC contents than the sole organic or inorganic P fertilizers. Addition of biochar and PM as 100% P source resulted in the highest soil P (104% increase over control) and SOC contents (203% higher than control). However, maize productivity and PUE were significantly higher under balanced P fertilizer (50% organic + 50% mineral fertilizer) with biochar and the increase was 110%, 94% and 170% than 100%‐FYM, 100%‐PM and 100% mineral fertilizer, respectively. Maize productivity and yield correlated significantly positively with soil P and SOC contents These positive effects were possibly due to the ability of biochar to improve soil properties, P availability from organic–inorganic fertilizers and SOC which resulted in higher PUE and maize productivity. Despite the significant positive relationship of PUE with net economic returns, biochar incorporation with PM and mineral fertilizer combination was economically profitable, whereas FYM along biochar was not profitable due to short duration of the field experiments.  相似文献   

19.
不同施肥管理对红壤性水稻土有机碳、氮形态的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
A long-term experiment beginning in 1981 in Jinxian County of Jiangxi Province, subtropical China, was conducted in a paddy field under a double rice cropping system with four different fertilization regimes, including 1) no fertilizer as control (CK), 2) balanced chemical N, P, and K fertilizers (NPK), 3) organic manure using milk vetch and pig manure in the early and late rice growing season, respectively (OM), and 4) balanced chemical fertilizers combined with organic manure (NPKM). Samples (0-17 cm) of the paddy field soil, which was derived from Quaternary red clay, were collected after the late rice harvest in November 2003 for determination of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) and fractions of organic C and N. Results showed that TOC and TN in the NPKM and OM treatments were significantly higher than those in other two treatments (CK and NPK). Application of organic manure with or without chemical fertilizers significantly increased the contents of all fractions of organic C and N, whereas chemical fertilizer application only increased the contents of occluded particulate organic C (oPOC) and amino acid N. In addition, application of organic manure significantly enhanced the proportions of free particulate organic carbon (fPOC) and oPOC in total C, and those of amino sugar N and amino acid N (P < 0.01) in total N. In contrast, chemical fertilizer application only increased the proportions of oPOC and amino acid N (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in either contents or proportions of soil organic C and organic N fractions between the NPKM and OM treatments. These indicated that organic manure application with or without chemical fertilizers played the most significant role in enhancing soil organic C and N quantity and quality in the paddy field studied.  相似文献   

20.
Soil organic carbon(SOC) and nitrogen(N) mineralization are important biogeochemical processes associated with soil fertility. These processes are influenced by physically, chemically, and biologically stabilized SOC fractions, the mechanisms of which are not well known. The present study was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of manure and mineral fertilizers on the contents of SOC fractions to promote the mineralization of SOC and N.Treatments included: i) no fertilizer control(CK); ii)...  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号