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本文结合高等院校水生动物标本室的特点,从保存标本的实际情况出发,简单分析了我院水生动物标本损坏的原因,并对水生动物标本室标本的管理及保养提出了可行的方法和措施. 相似文献
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为了充实数学内容，我们于1979年利用暑假先后在合川、江津、永川和江北等地进行鱼病试点初步调查，历时43天，收集了一些第一手材料，其中寄生虫标本11指管，涂片118张、并统计其感染率和感染强度。同时我们还把过去和最近新收集的标本及材料、一并总结如下，以供参考。 相似文献
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鱼类标本作为重要的科研资源在分类学、渔业资源学等领域中一直发挥着重要作用,通常鱼类标本经甲醛稀释液保存后存在易变形、褪色等不足,难以长期保存,同时受标本存放地限制参观访问量相对有限。为此开展了鱼类三维标本馆的构建,采用Strata Foto3D对鱼类标本图像进行遮罩、建立线框模式与增加表面纹理等处理;利用Strata Live3D完成三维鱼标本灯光、测量尺寸、背景图案、投影等效果的表达,并实现鱼类三维模型原色标本的网络发布;采用ASP技术完成了标本信息数据库的动态调用,实现标本生物学信息的文本展示。采用AutoCAD平面规划功能及3dsMax三维制作功能构建了标本馆三维虚拟空间,完成三维标本馆与单个鱼类标本模型的汇总整合;系统以Unity3D为开发平台,实现三维标本馆场景的虚拟漫游及网络人机交互功能。 相似文献
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鱼类单个胚胎染色体标本的快速制备法 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15
<正> 目前,制备鱼类染色体标本的方法主要是空气干燥法。这种方法虽然可以获得较多的良好中期分裂相而有利于进行精细的分析鉴定,但它在收集细胞时需要反复离心换液才能获得理想的标本,因而此法费时较长,丢失细胞严重(如很多细胞粘附在离心管壁和吸管壁上)。当细胞数目很少(如鱼的单个胚胎)时,这一方法的应用就受到了限制。鱼类卵子的卵黄特别丰富,压片法制备的标本,卵黄物质及胞质跟染色体之间的反差不鲜明,且染色体往往重叠很厉害,难以进行准确计数和分析,同时,标本也不能长久保存。把生物工程的新技术用于鱼类的遗传育种和品种改良,是渔业上的一个发展方向,特别是人工二倍体雌核发育和诱导多倍体这 相似文献
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<正> 十几年来,湛江水产学院海洋鱼类标本室采集到不少标本,其中有一些属珍稀标本,有较高的学术价值,为使鱼类学同行方便地了解湛江水产学院院鱼类标本收集状况,我们试图用微电脑来帮助完成这一工作,并研制成功“用微型计算机对鱼类标本进行查询和分类统计”的管理系统。 相似文献
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In the present study, we used TaqMan real‐time polymerase chain reaction to quantify and compare infection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) with shrimp production of Fenneropenaeus chinensis cultured in outdoor ponds along the west coast of the South Korea. In 2007, a total of 60 specimens in summer and 116 specimens in autumn were collected from 12 growing‐out ponds and 12 harvest ponds respectively. Pond harvest data were obtained from farmers. Of the summer samples, all specimens were WSSV positive, with a wide range of 12.4–7.0 × 107 (mean 7.5 × 106) copies ng?1 DNA; shrimp production was 1.7 metric tonnes per hectare (mt ha?1). Of the 116 autumn‐sample specimens, 81 (69.8%) were WSSV positive; WSSV infection had been decreased dramatically, to 0–7.2 (mean 3.5) copies ng?1 DNA. Shrimp production of autumn ponds was 2.1 mt ha?1. Statistical analysis indicated that the difference in WSSV infections detected in summer and autumn was highly significant (P<0.01). In summer, seven ponds (58.3%) with low‐WSSV infection loads (0–1000 WSSV copies ng?1 DNA) had shrimp production of 2.7 mt ha?1; the others had shrimp production of only 0.2 mt ha?1. The mean shrimp production between the two infection levels showed a highly statistically significant difference (P<0.01). 相似文献
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Vertebral deformities were investigated in cultured red sea bream, Pagrus major. In the field, deformities in seedlings were categorized and their incidence was calculated. In the laboratory, the symptoms of major vertebral deformities were examined morphologically using radiographs and by making transparent skeletal specimens. The internal structure of deformed vertebrae was examined histologically. The shortened body condition had the highest incidence (0.9–8.3%) of all deformities in the seedlings. In individuals with the shortened body condition, the ratio of trunk and caudal part length to body height was smaller. These fish had skeletal anomalies in the vertebrae, mainly centrum defects (64.3%) or undersized centrums (25.2%). The specimens with centrum defects had a characteristic anomaly in the vertebrae, with plural pairs of neural and haemal spines on a single centrum. This anomaly was frequently observed in the posterior abdominal vertebrae. The internal skeletal structure of such abnormal centrums was basically the same as that of normal centrums. In all the specimens with undersized centrums, both the centrum length and diameter were shorter than normal except for the first and second centrum, and urostyle. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: The feeding habits of the serranid fish Cephalopholis urodeta were examined on the basis of 204 adult specimens collected from coral reef areas at Iriomote Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Sampling was conducted in November 1997 and February, May, and August 1998. Among the specimens, 95 (46.6%) had empty stomachs, the mean Stomach Fullness Index of the specimens overall being extremely low (0.6). Over a 1-year period, the most important prey of this species were small fishes and decapod crustaceans, the two categories together constituting 73.4% of stomach contents by weight. However, seasonal differences in basic dietary composition were apparent. Fishes were abundant in the diet in May and November, whereas the proportion of hermit crabs in the diet was higher in February compared to other months. 相似文献
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Seasonal variation in docosahexaenoic acid content in horse mackerel caught in the East China Sea 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Kazufumi OSAKO Akira YAMAGUCHI Takao KUROKAWA Koichi KUWAHARA Hiroaki SAITO Yukinori NOZAKI 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(3):589-596
ABSTRACT: The fatty acid composition in horse mackerel caught off Nagasaki, off Tsushima Island, and in the middle of the East China Sea was investigated. The ratios of monoenoic and polyenoic acids to the total fatty acids in the Nagasaki and bull trawl catch specimens had a negative correlation. The docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) ratios of total fatty acids in summer-caught specimens were lower than those in winter-caught specimens, and this tendency was significantly clearer in smaller-sized fish, while DHA levels in tissues varied little throughout the year. Consistently high levels of DHA were found in various fishing areas, which suggests that horse mackerel offers a stable source of DHA. 相似文献
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16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis was used to assess the bacterial community associated with Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., gills which were either affected by amoebic gill disease (AGD) or were AGD-negative, in order to determine the role that bacteria may play in the development of AGD. AGD-positive specimens were either infected in the laboratory with Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis, the causative agent of AGD, or were obtained from commercial salmon cages. Samples from laboratory fish maintained in sea water possessed a marine-type community while field samples which had been treated by a series of freshwater baths possessed a more diverse community which included variable proportions of different bacterial ecotypes, including groups typically associated with soil, skin surfaces and faeces. Samples from fish infected with AGD in the laboratory and a sample from one of two salmon cage fish specimens were dominated by a phylotype belonging to the strictly marine bacterial genus Psychroserpens (family Flavobacteriaceae, phylum Bacteroidetes). The phylotype was not detected in any of the AGD-negative samples or in one of two AGD-positive samples obtained from fish subjected to temporary freshwater immersion. The possibility of certain Psychroserpens species as potential opportunistic pathogens associated with salmonid AGD is proposed. 相似文献
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Abstract. After fry of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, had been infected parenterally with Herpesvirus salmonis , moribund or freshly dead specimens were examined histopathologically. The virus produced a generalized infection, the first signs of which appeared after 2–3 weeks. Visceral and respiratory organs and the heart showed major pathological changes, and pancreatic syncytia were judged to be pathognomonic. Kidneys were prime targets for the virus and showed the highest levels of infectivity; lesser amounts of virus were present in the stomach, liver, and intestine. The virus did not spread by contact to produce clinical disease nor could disease or viral replication be induced by parenteral inoculation of yearling Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum). 相似文献
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E. F. B. Katunzi J. Zoutendijk T. Goldschmidt J. H. Wanink F. Witte 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2003,12(4):237-240
Abstract – The zooplanktivorous cichlid Haplochromis pyrrhocephalus , which was one of the most common haplochromine species in the Mwanza Gulf of Lake Victoria, had almost completely disappeared after the Nile perch upsurge in the 1980s. In the second half of the 1990s, this species suddenly reappeared in the strongly changed ecosystem. Gut content investigation revealed a change in diet. Currently, H. pyrrhocephalus eats large prey more frequently than in the past. These large prey comprise fish, shrimps and molluscs. The latter two were never encountered in specimens from the past. Particularly feeding on molluscs was unexpected, as it had been suggested that, because of anatomical constraints, molluscivory and zooplanktivory are incompatible in cichlid fish. Our observations provide a new example of the extreme versatility in feeding behaviour in haplochromine cichlids. 相似文献
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Valerie Standen 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》1999,9(2):209-217
1. The aquatic macroinvertebrates of two pool complexes, one open and one forested, in the Sutherland Flows containing temporary, drought sensitive and permanent pools were sampled to establish the most economical sampling for future investigation into the effects of afforestation. 2. Given the variation in pool type and size within each complex, (a) an estimate of the average number of taxa per pool of each type was needed to compare pools of different types, (b) the total number of taxa found in each pool type was needed to allow comparison between sites. 3. Thirty specimens from each pool established the average number of taxa per pool and showed that permanent pools had a higher taxon richness than temporary pools. 4. Four hundred and fifty specimens (and therefore 15 pools with 30 specimens each) were needed to give an estimate of the total number of taxa per pool type. However, the number of samples in some categories was insufficient to allow comparisons to be made between sites and rarefaction was used to make baseline comparisons. 5. Rarefaction suggests that at both sites the permanent pools had highest taxon richness. Rarefaction also indicated there may be slightly higher total invertebrate taxon richness in each pool type at the forested site. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Masaya Toyokawa Akio Shimizu Katashi Sugimoto Kou Nishiuchi Toru Yasuda 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(1):55-62
To determine the reproductive season of the giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai, we investigated gonadal maturity in specimens collected from the East China Sea, Korea Strait, Wakasa Bay, and the Shonai Coast of Yamagata Prefecture. After the sex of the samples was determined, the long axis of at least 256 oocytes from each female was measured. In specimens collected from the coast of Japan in 2005 and in 2006, all gonads were sufficiently developed to determine sex. However, 18 of the 20 specimens from the East China Sea collected in July 2005 were immature, and sex could not be determined. The maximum and third quartile of oocyte length had a significant correlation with days elapsed from 30 June, but they were not related to bell diameter. Observations of gonad tissue sections of specimens collected in Wakasa Bay in 2006 confirmed that oocyte length was a good proxy for female maturity. Male maturity could also be determined. In conclusion, the sex of all of the small-sized medusae collected along the coast of Japan was determinable, and their gonads were at various stages of development up to fully mature. Therefore, the occurrence of small-sized jellyfish during the autumn in Wakasa Bay is not caused by recruitment of young population from the nearby coast. 相似文献
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Ha Viet Dao Yoshinobu Takata Shigeru Sato Yasuwo Fukuyo Masaaki Kodama 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(2):435-438
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) was detected by HPLC and LC-MS/MS in specimens of the horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda collected from Tan Hai village, Vung Tau province, Vietnam, where cases of poisoning due to the consumption of horseshoe
crab have frequently been reported. The soft tissue from 10 out of the 12 specimens analyzed showed considerable levels of
TTX, making them unsafe for human consumption (81.2 ± 50.3 MU/g). Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins were also detected
in all of the specimens, but the levels were low. These findings show that the frequency of occurrence of C. rotundicauda specimens with a high level of TTX is significantly high, and that the TTX is responsible for the food poisonings caused
by the consumption of C. rotundicauda in this area. 相似文献