共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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<正> 当今世界上犬的品种有300多个,其中拉布拉多犬拥有3套下同的毛色并且颜色反差很大,是一个非常少见的品种。 美国官方养犬协会(AKC)制定的拉布拉多犬毛色标准是:被毛颜色分为黑色、黄色和巧克力色3种,任何别的毛色和混合色都被取消品种资格。在胸前有白色小斑点是属于正常现象,身上出现类似老年斑、疤痕斑等与毛色无关。黑色的拉 相似文献
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<正> 前言为探讨桂阳系猪的毛色基因频率及毛色遗传情况,加速毛色基因型的纯合,提高桂阳系猪及其杂交后代的被毛一致性及整齐度。本文利用1—5世代仔猪毛色表现型,根据哈得温伯定律计算各世代花斑毛隐毛基因频 相似文献
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MC1R与Slc7a11基因多态性与哈萨克羊毛色相关的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(10)
本研究采集新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州特克斯县4种不同被毛颜色2~3周岁的220只哈萨克母羊血样用于提取DNA,其中黑色被毛羊52只,棕色被毛羊52只,青灰色被毛羊59只,白色被毛羊57只;并采集绵羊左侧肩胛皮肤样本,每种毛色各10个,用于组织形态学观察。本研究运用PCR-SSCP技术及测序技术对MC1R基因及Slc7a11基因多态性及其对哈萨克羊毛色的影响进行研究。运用皮肤样本制作切片用于不同毛色组织形态学观察。结果表明:MC1R基因突变位点在白色和棕色被毛群体中,只存在BB基因型;而在黑色和青灰色被毛群体中,存在AA、AB和BB 3种基因型;且AB基因型均为优势基因型,A等位基因为优势等位基因。由组织形态学观察可知,黑色和青灰色被毛组织毛囊分布极为相似,毛囊分布稀疏且皮脂腺发达;棕色被毛最具特色,毛囊丛分布明显,皮脂腺分布不发达;白色被毛毛囊分布最为密集,且皮脂腺分布密集并且最为发达。经χ~2检验,MC1R基因的基因型频率在4种毛色羊中的分布差异极显著(P0.01)。Slc7a11基因位点在伊犁哈萨克羊群体中发现其不存在多态性。 相似文献
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应用基因遗传分离定律方法分析测定, 论证了中国地方狼犬狼青色个体的基因型为aw/aw或aw/at,黑背黄腹个体的基因型为at/at,基因aw对at显性。纯合狼青色的犬与其它毛色类型的犬相配所得后代,其毛色全为狼青色; 经鉴定为杂合子的狼青色犬与纯合的黑背黄腹犬相配,所得后代的毛色分离比为1∶1;经鉴定为杂合狼青色的公母犬互配,所得后代毛色分离比为3∶1。中国地方狼犬与德国牧羊犬相配,其后代毛色完全遵循基因遗传分离规律。 相似文献
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试验旨在检测水貂酪氨酸酶（tyrosinase,TYR）基因T138A位点的多态性,并分析其与水貂毛色表型的相关性。提取5种被毛色型430只水貂血液基因组DNA,采用PCR-RFLP技术,对TYR基因T138A位点进行多态性检测,统计等位基因频率与基因型频率,通过卡方（χ2）独立性检验分析该位点多态性与水貂毛色性状的相关性。结果表明,T138A位点存在2个等位基因T和A,形成TT、TA和AA 3种基因型,AA基因型在吉林白水貂群体中为优势基因型（0.9069）,而TT基因型为金州黑水貂、珍珠水貂、咖啡水貂和银蓝水貂群体的优势基因型,其中在金州黑水貂群体中基因型频率最高（1.0000）。关联分析表明,TYR基因T138A位点的多态性与毛色性状呈极显著相关（P<0.0001）。表明TYR基因T138A位点可能是影响水貂毛色的主控位点或与调控白色被毛表型主控位点连锁的分子标记。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究影响动物被毛颜色变化的功能基因ASIP在野猪群体里的变异及其与被毛表型之间的相关性。通过直接测序法搜寻ASIP基因编码区、5′ UTR、3′ UTR和部分内含子区域突变位点。结果表明：在ASIP基因的3′ UTR区域识别了一个T→C突变位点（ASIP.c 695 T→C），而在其它区域没用发现。通过群体内多态性检测，7个毛色类型的野猪在此突变位点都是CC或CT基因型，而长白猪群全部是TT基因型。从这个结果得出具有不同毛色的野猪群体可能是由突变位点C等位基因引起，不能排除还有其它毛色功能基因参与野猪被毛的形成。研究为进一步了解野猪ASIP毛色功能基因在其群体内的遗传变异奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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An optimum-sized dog guide weighs 18 to 32 kg and measures 53 to 64 cm in height at the withers when mature body size is attained. Effects of selection index with and without restrictions, independent trait selection, directional selection, stabilizing selection, and negative assortative mating were modeled using data from German shepherd dogs and Labrador retrievers raised by the Seeing Eye, Inc., Morristown, NJ from 1979 to 1997. The selection goals were to decrease mature weight and mature height in German shepherd dogs and to decrease mature weight and increase mature height in Labrador retrievers. Mature weights were recorded for 1,333 German shepherd dog offspring and their 69 dams and 17 sires, and 1,081 Labrador retriever offspring and their 51 dams and 13 sires. Mature heights also were recorded for offspring and parents, including 871 German shepherd dogs from 70 dams and 15 sires, and 793 Labrador retrievers from 40 dams and 13 sires. Selecting on mature weight alone produced the highest aggregate genetic-economic gain for German shepherd dogs compared with the selection indices with and without restrictions, generating a 2.10-kg decrease in mature weight and a correlated 0.36-cm decrease in mature height. In Labrador retrievers, selecting for mature height alone produced the highest aggregate genetic-economic gain but caused an increase in mature weight. Weighting the two traits equally but in the opposite direction without restrictions was the only index that produced the desired effect of decreasing mature weight and increasing mature height in Labrador retrievers. Response to selection for one generation of directional selection for a single trait included a 0.50-kg decrease in mature weight for German shepherd dogs, a 0.59-kg decrease in mature weight for Labrador retrievers, a 0.18-cm decrease in mature height for German shepherd dogs, and a 0.91-cm increase in mature height for Labrador retrievers. Increasing the percentage of dogs attaining optimum size may decrease the cost of production for the Seeing Eye, Inc., because fewer dogs would need to be raised and trained to provide assistance to the same number of blind individuals. 相似文献
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Henner J Poncet PA Aebi L Hagger C Stranzinger G Rieder S 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》2002,144(8):405-412
Coat color played an important role during domestication and formation of breeds. Livestock breeders often had special preferences for particular color phenotypes because they believed them to be associated with performance or fitness traits. Socio-cultural reasons might have had an influence on color selection as well. Recently genetic tests on DNA level got available to genotype in any individual horse for basic horse coat colors (chestnut, bay, black). In particular, hidden carriers of the recessive chestnut and black allele are recognizable with these tests. A sample of 162 Franches-Montagnes horses from Switzerland was genotyped for the alleles for chestnut and black. The analysis of allele frequencies revealed a high prevalence of the chestnut allele and a low frequency of the black allele in this population. Rare colors are in demand on the market. The statistical analysis of 1369 offspring from five stallions indicate, that darker shades of basic color phenotypes (dark chestnut, dark bay) follow a recessive mode of inheritance in the Franches-Montagnes horse breed. 相似文献
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在欧洲马品种中,黑色素皮质激素受体1(melanocortin receptor 1,MC1R)基因第248位碱基有C/T多态性,纯合的T248位点决定欧洲马的栗毛色。针对MC1R基因的248位点设计了2对特异性引物,采用等位基因特异性PCR技术,研究3个中国马品种MC1R基因型与栗色毛之间的关系。经扩增获得两种DNA片段,克隆测序后证明,扩增片段确为MC1R基因,两种DNA片段序列在基因的248位点的确呈现C/T多态性,但检测126份贵州矮马、西南马和新疆伊犁马血液样本,全部为杂合基因型(Ee),其中包括栗毛、黑毛、骝毛3种单毛色及3种复毛色。这些研究结果提示,MC1R基因中248位点的多态性与国内3个马品种的栗色毛之间没有直接的相关性。 相似文献
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为检测黑色素受体1(melanocortin receptor 1,MC1R)基因型在不同毛色猪种中的分布,研究该基因在猪毛色决定中的地位和作用,本试验使用PCR-SSCP和PCR-RFLP方法对军牧1号白猪、杜洛克猪、西藏小型猪和大白猪的MC1R基因型进行了检测。结果显示,长白猪、大白猪存在nt894insCC和G1197A突变;杜洛克猪存在G668C、C1318T和G1554A突变;西藏小型猪存在C1318T和G1554A突变,而在nt894insCC位点则表现出其他基因型。通过对4个猪种的MC1R基因型的检测,为研究MC1R基因对毛色的作用机理奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Gerding WM Schreiber S Dekomien G Epplen JT 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2011,128(2):153-160
Weimaraner dogs are defined by light brown coat colour termed grey including several shadings ranging from silver and deer to mouse grey. In contrast, the so-called blue Weimaraners (BW) with lightened black-pigmented coat have been proposed to represent spontaneous revertants in the Weimaraner breed. In order to investigate the genetic determinants of the characteristic grey coat colour versus those of BW, known variation in coat colour genes including TYRP1 and MLPH were analysed in a number of grey and blue dogs. Variations at the B locus cause grey coat colour in Weimaraners via two non-functional TYRP1 copies (bb) including the b(s), b(d) and b(c) alleles. In all BW, at least one functional TYRP1 allele (Bb or BB genotype) was identified. Defined microsatellite alleles in TYRP1 intron 4 are linked to this functional B allele in BW. These alleles were also detected in various other dog breeds, but not in grey Weimaraners. The combination of a dominant trait for blue versus grey together with a specific TYRP1 haplotype in BW suggests that blue coat colour is not the result of spontaneous (back-) mutation in grey Weimaraners. This inference is even emphasized by the presence of a unique Y-chomosomal haplotype in a male offspring of the supposed ancestor of the BW population which - according to pedigree information - carries a copy of the original Y chromosome. Thus, molecular genetic analyses of coat colours combined with Y-chromosomal haplotypes allow tracing the origin of atypical dogs in respective canine populations. 相似文献
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Shaw SC Wood JL Freeman J Littlewood JD Hannant D 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(7):1014-1020
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the heritability of atopic dermatitis in Golden and Labrador Retrievers. ANIMALS: 429 dogs related to 13 dogs with atopic dermatitis. PROCEDURE: Atopic dermatitis was defined on the basis of the type and frequency of clinical signs recorded in the clinical records, and each dog was classified with atopic dermatitis or probable atopic dermatitis or as nonatopic. By use of data from atopic and nonatopic dogs, regression analyses of parental status on offspring status were performed to estimate heritability. RESULTS: There was no difference in the frequency of atopic dermatitis between sexes or between breeds. There was a marked association between the atopic status of the parent and that of the offspring, particularly for sires. By use of data from 32 litters in which the status of both parents was known and considering only those dogs classified with atopic dermatitis or as nonatopic, the heritability (+/- SE) of atopic dermatitis was estimated to be 0.47 (+/- 0.17). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Atopic dermatitis has a strong genetic component, and breeding of dogs with clinical signs of atopic dermatitis should be discouraged. 相似文献