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猪大脑皮质、海马结构、梨状叶和杏仁核内leptin长形受体mRNA的分布定位 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
用分子生物学的方法合成了leptin长形受体（Ob-Rb)反意和正意核酸探针，用原位杂交法研究了5头2-3月龄母猪端脑一些结构内Ob-Rb mRNA的分布定位。结果表明，猪Ob-Rb mRNA分布于大脑皮质、梨状叶、海马、齿状回和杏仁核。大脑皮质和梨状叶内的Ob-Rb mRNA标记神经元主要位于第Ⅱ-Ⅵ层，分子层偶见标记神经元。海马结构内的Ob-Rm mRNA标记神经元主要位于海马的锥体细胞层和齿状回的颗粒层，在海马的始层和齿状回的多形层偶见标记神经元，在海马的辐射层和腔隙层罕见标记细胞。实验结果弥补了猪端脑内Ob-Rb mRNA分布定位资料的空白，为理解leptin的生理功能提供了形态学基础。 相似文献
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本文用ＨＲＰ法研究了鸡胃的副交感节前神经元和感觉神经元的定位，结果如下：１．将ＨＲＰ注入腺胃左侧壁后，标记的感觉神经元位于双侧颈静脉神经节和运神经节，以颈静脉神经节占优势（６３．２％）；标记的运动神经元位于双侧走神经背侧运动核的大细胞亚核后部、中间小细胞亚核和腹侧小细胞亚核前部，在多形细胞亚核及疑核内也出现少数标记细胞。２．将ＨＲＰ注入肌胃左侧壁后，标记感觉神经元位于双侧大细胞亚核、多形细胞亚核和 相似文献
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交感神经是植物性神经系统的重要组成部分。人们采用不同的研究方法,如染质溶解法、HRP法,对交感神经低级中枢位置即交感节前神经元定位和交感神经的外周神经元即交感节后神经元定位进行了广泛和深入的研究。结果表明,交感节前神经元位于胸腰段脊髓中间带区的不同核团内,支配不同器管的交感节前神经元在脊髓内有一定的分布节段;交感节后神经元位于外周植物性神经节内,如交感干神经节、腹腔神经节、肠系膜前神经节、主动脉肾神经节,支配不同器官的交感节后神经元在不同交感干神经节内有一定的分布节段。 相似文献
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用辣根过氧化物酶标记法对鸡盲肠传入神经元分布的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
用辣根过氧化物酶逆行法研究鸡盲肠感觉神经元的定位。结果表明，被标记的支配盲肠的初级传入神经元位于Ｔ２－ＬＳ１和ＬＳ８－ＬＳ１２脊神经节，峰值位于Ｔ５，Ｔ６，ＬＳ９和ＬＳ１０脊神经节；在颈静脉神经节，结状神经节和脊髓内未见到标记细胞。 相似文献
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取用4～6周龄北京鸭7例(雌雄不拘)分别做石蜡、冰冻切片,用甲酚固紫、甲苯胺蓝、美蓝和中性红染色。在光学显微镜下明视野观察。用测微尺测量细胞的长径和短径。结果如下:北京鸭脊髓的主要核团有:背角边缘核、胶状质核、背角固有核、背侧巨细胞核、Terni氏核、外侧运动核和内侧运动核。根据脊髓灰质的细胞形态特点,也可将北京鸭脊髓灰质划分为X个板层:背角头部由Ⅰ—Ⅳ层组成;背角颈部为V层,此层可突入到背角基部;Ⅵ层位于背角基部腹侧部和中间带背侧部分,此层只在脊髓膨大部明显;Ⅶ层占据中间带广阔的区域;Ⅷ层位于腹角的内侧部,也只在膨大部明显。Ⅸ层由腹角运动核构成。脊髓灰质内神经元的细胞体形态有圆形、三角形、梭形、多角形等。小型神经元的胞体为10～15×15～20μm;中型神经元胞体为15～20×20～35μm;大型神经元胞体在35μm以上。 相似文献
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北京鸭胃的交感神经节后神经元定位——HRP法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将HRP(Horseradish peroxidase)蒸馏水溶液注入北京鸭前胃和肌胃的肌层及浆膜下,取两侧颈十五(C_(15))到腰二(L_2)交感干神经节、两侧内脏神经节和肠系膜前神经节,经BDHC法成色,明视野下观察。前胃注射区,在两侧胸1-8(T_(1-8))交感干神经节、两侧内脏神经节及肠系膜前神经节内存在有酶标细胞。在交感干神经节,酶标细胞集中在T_(1-5)各节出现,T_(1-2)节出现最多。标记细胞总数,交感干神经节内最多(占59.06％),内脏神经节次之(占37.36％),肠系膜前神经节内最少(占3.48％)。肌胃注射区,在交感干神经节、内脏神经节及肠系膜前神经节内均观察到酶细胞。标记细胞总数,内脏神经节内最多(占73.85％),交感干神经节内次之(占19.08％),肠系膜前神经节内最少(占7.07％)。在交感干神经节,标记细胞出规范围是T_(1-9)。前背薄肌集中出现在T_(1-5),后背厚肌、前腹厚肌及后腹薄肌集中存在于T_(2-6),在T_(3-4)分布最多。 相似文献
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本试验采用免疫组织化学方法对10头苏钟猪中枢神经系统Orexin B的分布定位进行了研究。结果表明,Orexin B免疫阳性神经元和纤维在猪下丘脑、脑干和脊髓均有分布。在下丘脑,阳性神经元和纤维分布于视前区、视交叉上核、室旁核、室周核、背内侧核、穹隆周核、乳头体核、外侧区和后区,其中以穹隆周区、背内侧核、未定带和下丘脑后区分布较密集,以视前区、视交叉上核、下丘脑外侧区和乳头体核分布较稀少。在脑干,阳性神经元分布于蓝斑、前庭神经核、下橄榄核、孤束核和疑核。在脊髓,阳性神经元较少,主要分布于颈部脊髓背角第Ⅳ层。此外,在斜角带、隔区、终纹床核等部位观察到密集的阳性纤维分布。本试验为进一步研究Orexin B的生理功能奠定了基础。 相似文献
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将ＣＢ－ＨＲＰ注入鸡一侧胸腺内，通过逆行和跨神经节追踪鸡胸腺副交感传入神经元的定位及其初级传入纤维在中枢的投射，其结果如下：①在双侧迷走神经结状节内出现标记细胞，标记细胞以大型细胞为主，呈长椭圆形和梭形的双极神经元，亦发现少量假单极神经元，还发现两个多极神经元。②双侧颈静脉神经节和岩神经节内出现标记细胞，标记细胞以小型细胞为主，突起不明显。③在闩前、闩后双侧孤束核内发现传入纤维的标记终末，在闩后０ 相似文献
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对北京和通辽地区杂种仔猪11头的解剖,描述了迷走神经的构成、位置、行程和主要分支,分布情况。 猪的迷走神经由内,外侧支组成,内侧支通过颈静脉神经节和结状神经节,外侧支只有极少部分纤维通过这两个神经节。迷走神经起自延髓侧面,同副神经、舌咽神经由破裂孔出颅腔,可分成额、胸、腹三段。在颈段分出咽支、喉前神经和心支;在胸段分出返神经-喉后神经,并有支向食管、支气管、淋巴结等处。左、右侧迷走神经构成食管背、腹侧干、经食管裂孔进入腹腔。背侧干分成肠支、胃支。肠支大部分纤维不进入腹腔神经节和肠系膜前神经节、而直接沿肠系膜前动脉分布在肠管。胃支组成神经丛,分布在胃的脏面。腹侧干组成神经丛分布在食管末端、胃的隔面、肝、胰和十二指肠起始端。 相似文献
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Our previous study showed localization of glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1) mRNA in neurons of the pigeon spinal cord, suggesting glutamatergic input from intrinsic and extrinsic origins. The present study examined localization of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) mRNA to confirm an extrinsic origin of glutamatergic neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). GluR1 and GluR2 mRNAs were examined in DRG and spinal cord to seek projection regions from VGLUT2 mRNA‐expressing neurons. VGLUT2 mRNA was expressed in most DRG neurons and labelling intensity varied from weakly to intensely. Intense VGLUT2 mRNA expression was mainly seen in medium to large neurons. GluR1 and GluR2 mRNAs were expressed in the dorsal horn and GluR2 mRNA signal was also seen in the marginal nucleus. The results suggest that the pigeon DRG has an extrinsic glutamatergic origin that project to the dorsal horn and marginal nucleus of the spinal cord. 相似文献
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David Mazensky Jan Danko Eva Petrovova Slavka Flesarova Peter Supuka Anna Supukova Lenka Luptakova Halina Purzyc 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(6):641-645
The aim of this study was to describe the arterial arrangement of the cervical spinal cord in the guinea pig. The study was carried out on 20 adult English self guinea pigs using corrosion and dissection technique. Batson's corrosion casting kit no. 17© was used as a casting medium. The origin of the ventral spinal artery from the left vertebral artery was found on average in 35% of the cases and from the right vertebral artery on average in 40% of the cases. The ventral spinal artery with origin from the anastomosis of two medial branches was found on average in 25% of the cases. The presence of ventral radicular branches of rami spinales entering the ventral spinal artery in the cervical region was observed in 42% of the cases on the right side and in 58% of the cases on the left side. The presence of dorsal radicular branches of rami spinales that reached the spinal cord was observed in 63% of the cases on the left side and in 37% of the cases on the right side. The number of radicular branches supplying the spinal cord is greater in guinea pig than in humans. 相似文献
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Seven heads and necks of Bactrian camels were dissected to investigate the origin, course, branches anddistribution of the accessory nerve and vagus nerve in the cranial cervical region. The spinal root and external branch of the accessory nerve were not present, but there was a delicate communicating branch between the dorsal root of the first cervical nerve and the root of the vagus nerve. The sternocephalic muscle was innervated by the second cervical nerve while the brachiocephalic and trapezius muscles were supplied by the sixth and seventh cervical nerves. In the head and cranial cervical region of the Bactrian camel the vagus nerve gave oft the auricular branch, pharyngeal branch, cranial laryngeal nerve, a common trunk to the larynx, oesophagus and trachea, and some communicating branches connecting with the glossopharyngeal, hypoglossal, first cervical nerves and the cranial cervical ganglion. 相似文献
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Eunjeong Seo Jihye Choi Mincheol Choi Junghee Yoon 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(2):187-193
The height, width, and cross-sectional area of the vertebral canal and spinal cord along with the area ratio of spinal cord to vertebral canal in the cervical vertebra were evaluated in images obtained using computed tomography (CT). Measurements were taken at the cranial, middle, and caudal point of each cervical vertebra in eight clinically normal small breed dogs (two shih tzu, two miniature schnauzers, and four mixed breed), 10 beagles, and four German shepherds. CT myelography facilitated the delineation of the epidural space, subarachnoid space, and spinal cord except at the caudal portion of the 7th cervical vertebra. The spinal cord had a tendency to have a clear ventral border in the middle portion of the vertebral canal and lateral borders near both end plates. The height, width, and area of the vertebral canal and spinal cord in the cervical vertebra were increased as the size of dog increased. However, the ratio of the spinal cord area to vertebral canal area in the small dogs was higher than that of the larger dogs. Results of the present study could provide basic and quantitative information for CT evaluation of pathologic lesions in the cervical vertebra and spinal cord. 相似文献
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The spinal cord harbours nerve fibres that facilitate reflex actions and that transmit impulses to and from the brain. The cervical spinal cord is an area of particular interest in medicine and veterinary due to frequent pathologic alterations in this region. This study describes the morphometric features of the cervical spinal cord in cat using design-unbiased stereological methods. The cervical spinal cords of four male cats were dissected and samples were taken according to systematic uniform random sampling. Each sample was embedded in agar and cut into 60-µm thick sections and stained with cresyl violet 0.1% for stereological estimations. The total cervical spinal cord volume obtained by the Cavalieri estimator was 2,321.21 ± 285.5 mm3. The relative volume of grey matter and white matter was 23.8 ± 1.3% and 76.1 ± 1.3%. The dorsal horn and ventral horn volume were 12.3 ± 1.2% and 11.4 ± 0.7% of the whole cervical spinal cord. The volume of central canal was estimated to 3.8 ± 1 mm3. The total number of neurons was accounted 3,405,366.2 ± 267,469.4 using the optical disector/fractionator method. The number of motoneurons and interneurons was estimated to be 1,120,433.2 ± 174,796.7 and 2,284,932.9 ± 127,261.5, respectively. The average volume of the motoneurons and interneurons was estimated to 1980 µm3 and 680 µm3, respectively, using the spatial rotator method. This knowledge of cat spinal cord findings may serve as a foundation as a translational model in spinal cord experimental research and provide basic findings for diagnosis and treatment of spinal cord disorders. 相似文献
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Cervical spondylomyelopathy or Wobbler syndrome commonly affects the cervical vertebral column of Great Dane dogs. Degenerative changes affecting the articular process joints are a frequent finding in these patients; however, the correlation between these changes and other features of cervical spondylomyelopathy are uncertain. We described and graded the degenerative changes evident in the cervical articular process joints from 13 Great Danes dogs with cervical spondylomyelopathy using MR imaging, and evaluated the relationship between individual features of cervical articular process joint degeneration and the presence of spinal cord compression, vertebral foraminal stenosis, intramedullary spinal cord changes, and intervertebral disc degenerative changes. Degenerative changes affecting the articular process joints were common, with only 13 of 94 (14%) having no degenerative changes. The most severe changes were evident between C4-C5 and C7-T1 intervertebral spaces. Reduction or loss of the hyperintense synovial fluid signal on T2-weighted MR images was the most frequent feature associated with articular process joint degenerative changes. Degenerative changes of the articular process joints affecting the synovial fluid or articular surface, or causing lateral hypertrophic tissue, were positively correlated with lateral spinal cord compression and vertebral foraminal stenosis. Dorsal hypertrophic tissue was positively correlated with dorsal spinal cord compression. Disc-associated spinal cord compression was recognized less frequently. 相似文献
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In this study, the left and right cranial cervical ganglia (ganglion cervicale craniale) of eight young (four male, four female) domestic pigs weighing around 70-80 kg were inspected macro anatomically. The cranial cervical ganglion (CCG) was found cranio-ventrally of the distal ganglion of the vagus nerve, medial of the jugular process extremity, ventral of the atlas, dorsal of the epiglottis base and medial of the common root (CR) established by the internal carotid and occipital arteries. The internal carotid nerve and jugular nerve ramified from the cranial part of CCG. The jugular nerve gave branches that merged with the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves. Other nerve branches originating from the cranial part of the ganglion reached to the external carotid artery and CR. The internal carotid nerve varied among cadavers in number of branches (two to four). These branches did not travel along the side of the internal carotid artery. The central part of CCG gave thin nerve branches that reached to various anatomical structures including the first and second cervical nerves, wall of the pharynx, accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve, vagus nerve, external carotid artery and CR. The caudal part of CCG gave nerve branches that merged with the vagus, cranial laryngeal nerves, and common carotid artery. The external carotid nerves, which were two or three in number, also originated from the caudal part of CCG. In conclusion, the nerves ramifying from CCG of the pig varied in number among cadavers. Compared with literature raised in other species, there are also differences in number of nerve branches and course pattern of these nerves. 相似文献
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本实验用ＨＲＰ逆行追踪法对家兔下颌淋巴结的神经来源进行了研究。结果表明；在同侧三叉神经半月状神经节和Ｃ１－４脊神经出现标记神经原，以三叉神经经半月状神经的标记细胞最多，提示下颌淋巴结的初级感觉主要经三叉神经传入；在同侧的颈前节，星状神经节及Ｔ２－３椎旁节出现标记的交感后神经原，主要出现于颈前节的吻侧端。 相似文献