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大棚黄瓜种植密度与叶面积的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文阐述了不同栽植密度大棚黄瓜各生育时期的叶面积指数、盛收期群体结构和叶面积的调控措施．大棚黄瓜在每亩２０００—６０００株的密度范围内，叶面积指数与密度成正相关．采收初期，密度愈大、产量愈高，盛收期以每亩５０００株的密度日产量最高。大棚黄瓜的最适叶面积指数为３．４５—４．０３，ｙ＝１８３ｘ—２４．４５ｘ２－１４２，ｒ＝０．８９８＊。采取密植、摘心、加密行、前期进行双层覆盖等措施，可调节、控制叶面积指数，提高早期产量、总产量和产值。 相似文献
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1黄瓜的叶片及商品瓜为什么发黄?答:最近有些农民朋友咨询,为什么在节能型日光温室内种植的黄瓜叶片和瓜,出现了不同程度的发黄现象?通过调查发现,这些植株生长不正常的黄瓜,多是种植在棚型相对较矮、采光入射角小的日光温室内,而且栽培密度较大。 相似文献
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黄瓜是大叶片蔓生植物，光合面积即叶面积的多少、分布及其光合效能，对黄瓜，特别是高纬度地区温室黄瓜的单位面积产量与果实品质，有直接的影响。要能准确测量温室黄瓜植株不同生育时期叶面积的发展变化，必须研究出测量活体叶面积的有效方法．吉林（苏华，１９７４）、浙江（蒋有条，１９８１，１９８５）等已有过研究。本项研究是在前人研究的基础上，主要对黄瓜不同品种及每一品种不同叶位的叶片长、宽与实际面积之间的相互关系，作了进一步的探索。 材料与方法 该研究于１９８５年，在中国农科院蔬菜研究所试验温室内进行。以长春密刺… 相似文献
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不同密度条件下甜菜叶片光合速率与块根产量关系的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在田间５种密度条件下研究了甜菜叶片光合速率，叶面积指数等生理因子的变化及其与块根产量的关系，结果表明，甜菜叶片光合速率和叶面积指数与密度在整个生育期内分别存在着显著的负相关和正相关关系，甜菜叶片光合速率和块根产量之间的关系因种植密度大小而不同，在低密度条件下呈负相关关系，在高密度条件下呈正相关关系，尽管根产量与叶片光合速率间复杂，但与生育中后期叶片光合速率和叶面积指数之积（相当于群体光合速率）存在 相似文献
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种植密度对封闭式槽培黄瓜产量、品质及光合作用的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以"中农26"黄瓜为试材,采用封闭式槽培循环供液系统,设定低密度33 330株·hm-2(T1)、中密度49 995株·hm-2(T2)与高密度66 660株·hm-2(T3)3个种植密度处理,通过测定黄瓜株高、叶片数、最大叶面积和叶片的净光合速率、叶绿素含量等光合指标,结合叶片显微结构、叶片衰老速度及叶面积指数等分析,比较了不同种植密度对黄瓜生长、果实产量和品质以及光合特性的影响,并筛选出适宜的种植密度,以期为黄瓜封闭式无土栽培提供参考。结果表明:随密度增加,黄瓜的株高、最大叶面积及产量增高,而果实可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量及单株产量降低。与T3处理相比,T2处理叶片叶绿素含量及群体光合速率较高,栅栏组织较为发达,表现了较强的自我调节能力;T2处理果实的果形指数、含水量、维生素C、可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白质含量较高,可滴定酸含量较低,且T2与T1处理差异不显著。T3处理提高了黄瓜总产量,但果实单株产量与品质显著低于T1、T2处理。综上,中密度49 995株·hm-2处理的叶片结构较好,植株上下层叶片光合能力强,能提高黄瓜产量与品质。 相似文献
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以马铃薯玉米2∶1行比,采用L9(34)正交试验设计,在重庆市巫溪县尖山镇(海拔950m)研究了不同品种、窝距、间距、带宽下马铃薯生长发育、光合特性及产量情况。主要结果如下:1.马铃薯品种是影响株高的主要因子,其次是带宽;套作群体马铃薯株高和茎粗高于单作;在费乌瑞它的整个生育期玉米对其株高的影响不明显;套作玉米的遮阴效应影响晚熟马铃薯长势,带宽越大影响越小,同时马铃薯长势还受自身密度的影响。2.各马铃薯品种叶、茎及块茎干重在块茎形成期及之前套作与单作差异不大,块茎形成期后套作均显著或极显著高于单作;套作加速了马铃薯叶片的衰老。3.生育前期马铃薯植株高于玉米,玉米群体光合有效辐射竞争处于劣势;套作中马铃薯光合有效辐射低于单作,随着叶面积的增加,所能获得的光合有效辐射逐渐减少,上位叶对下位叶的遮阴率上升,叶面积与遮阴率呈现对数关系。4.套作显著提高了马铃薯叶片的Chla+Chlb含量,共生期短的早熟品种提高较小;套作降低了马铃薯叶片的Pn,Gs,Ci和Tr含量。5.带宽越大,大中薯率越高;鄂马铃薯5号在中等密度下产量最大,费乌瑞它密度越大产量越高;而玉米的产量与带宽及马铃薯密度的关系不明显,与费乌瑞它套作的玉米各处理的总产量要高于其他品种的处理,套作玉米的空秆率要高于净作,单穗重小于净作。套作LER(土地当量比)均大于1,呈现明显的套作优势。 相似文献
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温光条件对冬茬黄瓜生长发育及产量形成的影响 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
对冬茬黄瓜生育期间的温度、光照变化以及黄瓜生长发育动态和产量形成规律的观测结果表明：受低温弱光影响，冬茬黄瓜植株节间长，叶片分布稀疏，叶面积受人为落蔓作用，呈波动式变化；结果期间叶面积指数为１～２．４０。１２月中旬至元月中旬黄反果实长成时间平均２７．９天，日增长量仅４．８１ｇ，至４月上旬果实生长量为深冬的３位。投影寻踪回归（ＰＰＲ）分析表明，日照时数、日总辐射量和有效积温对冬茬黄瓜产量影响最大，地温大于气温对产量的影响 相似文献
9.
西瓜群体叶面积指数与田间最大留叶量分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对不同西瓜品种的叶面积进行抽样调查，找出西瓜功能叶叶片纵横长度的平均值与叶面积的直线回归关系，并根据西瓜田间最大叶面积指数LAI≈2，估算出在不同密度下植株的最大留叶量和最大主蔓长度。 相似文献
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AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
12.
AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
13.
Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
15.
多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。 相似文献
16.
HU Zhi-cheng ZHU Jia-yuan ZHU Bin GUO Dong CHEN Bin ZHANG Kai HU Kun-hua LI Ming-tao TANG Bing 《园艺学报》2011,27(9):1802-1806
AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars. 相似文献
17.
The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
18.
AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [3-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10-6-10-4 mmol/L) stimulated [3-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [3-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10-6-10-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl2 for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
19.
Duncan Brean W. Boyle Shannon Breininger David R. Schmalzer Paul A. 《Landscape Ecology》1999,14(3):291-309
Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere. 相似文献
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AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis. 相似文献