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秃杉种源苗期地理变异的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对云南、贵州、湖北等10～11个秃杉种源,57个单株子代的两次苗期试验研究表明,种源群体间和群体内(单株子代间)性状均存在明显的地理变异。变异与产地纬度、经度、海拔高度的线性关系不密切,但有经向相关强于纬向相关的趋势。产地日照和温度是产生变异的主要作用因子。经度偏东的贵州种源比偏西的云南种源种子质量好,生长最高,生物最大,成苗数多,封顶早,寒害轻,适应性强,湖北利用种源适应性优于云南种源,生长与其相近。这些地理变异为秃杉选择育种提供了依据和基础。 相似文献
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《经济林研究》2014,(2)
为给蓝莓育种工作提供理论依据,采用方差分析、相关性分析等方法,对大兴安岭地区图强、阿木尔、新林、塔河和漠河集中分布的野生蓝莓果实形态变异进行研究。结果表明,在大兴安岭地区不同产地间及产地内野生蓝莓果实形态特征均存在着显著的差异。产地间野生蓝莓果实宽度变异系数最大(28.83%),产地内各单株间长宽比变异系数最大(25.08%),单果质量在产地间和产地内的变异系数均较低。不同产地果长与果宽呈紧密的线性相关,即果宽随果长的增加而增加。大兴安岭地区各产地蓝莓果长、果宽和单果质量均达到显著的线性相关关系,据此可以对单果质量进行预测。纬度与单果质量呈显著的负相关。土壤全氮与单果质量呈现较高的正相关。大兴安岭地区各产地野生蓝莓果实形态变异受纬度和土壤全氮影响较大。 相似文献
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利用美洲黑杨50号为母本和青杨5个种源（各10个单株）为父本杂交，获得杂种F1代无性系，对此多水平杂交育种体系叶片和生长遗传变异进行了研究。结果表明，父本青杨种源间及种源内单株间均达到极显著差异，F1代无性系的种源间、种源内家系间和家系内无性系间存在不同差异。杂种F1代无性系扦插父本种源不同的杂交组合间和组合内家系间成活率差异不显著，1、2、3年生苗的生长性状在不同层次变异水平上差异显著或极显著，表明父本青杨种源间和种源内变异对F1代生长有显著影响，F1代无性系存在丰富的遗传变异，具有选择潜力。杂种F1代叶片形态一苗期生长性状间未发现有较大相关性。 相似文献
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无患子种源引种苗期试验初报 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
试验表明，无患子不同种源的种子发芽特性与纬度有密切的负线性相关性，纬度最低的云南昆明的种源发芽最早，纬度最高的浙江杭州的种源发芽最迟。无患子种源树高年生长节律受产地纬度的影响，江西九江的种源前期生长率最高，后期生长率最低；福建永安的种源前期生长率最低，后期生长率最高。无患子种源封顶和生长期与纬度呈显著的负相关，浙江杭州的种源封顶时间最早，生长期短，云南昆明的种源封顶时间最迟，生长期长。 相似文献
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利用美洲黑杨 5 0号为母本和青杨 5个种源 (各 10个单株 )为父本杂交 ,获得杂种F1代无性系 ,对此多水平杂交育种体系叶片和生长遗传变异进行了研究。结果表明 ,父本青杨种源间及种源内单株间均达到极显著差异 ,F1代无性系的种源间、种源内家系间和家系内无性系间存在不同差异。杂种F1代无性系扦插苗父本种源不同的杂交组合间和组合内家系间成活率差异不显著 ,1、2、3年生苗的生长性状在不同层次变异水平上差异显著或极显著 ,表明父本青杨种源间和种源内变异对F1代生长有显著影响 ,F1代无性系存在丰富的遗传变异 ,具有选择潜力。杂种F1代叶片形态与苗期生长性状间未发现有较大相关性 相似文献
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利用美洲黑杨50号为母本和青杨5个种源(各10个单株)为父本杂交,获得杂种F1代无性系,对此多水平杂交育种体系叶片和生长遗传变异进行了研究.结果表明,父本青杨种源间及种源内单株间均达到极显著差异,F1代无性系的种源间、种源内家系间和家系内无性系间存在不同差异.杂种F1代无性系扦插苗父本种源不同的杂交组合间和组合内家系间成活率差异不显著,1、2、3年生苗的生长性状在不同层次变异水平上差异显著或极显著,表明父本青杨种源间和种源内变异对F1代生长有显著影响,F1代无性系存在丰富的遗传变异,具有选择潜力.杂种F1代叶片形态与苗期生长性状间未发现有较大相关性. 相似文献
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采用全画毛泡桐产区５４个种源的种子育苗，于１９８７－１９８９年进行苗期试验。结果表明，各种源平均苗高与产地纬度间呈明显的负相关关系，即生长量由南北向逐渐降低的趋势。各种源内单株生长也有一定差别。生长较好的种源相对集中于湖北及河南中南部。 相似文献
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取美洲黑杨（母本）和青杨（父本）杂交获得的Ｆ２群体样本８０株,应用ＲＡＰＤ标记检测与Ｆ２群体３个数量性状（苗高、地径和封顶期）有关的ＱＴＬｓ。在Ｆ２九体中,一年生苗高、地径和封顶期性状表现显著分离,基本符合正态分布。单因子方差分析检测出与苗高、地径和封顶期性状相关的７个、６个和３个标记座位。并计算了各标记对相关性状变异的贡献率。与数量性状相关的标记有不同的亲本来源。ｔ检查结果各标记显带型和不显带型 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):100-110
Abstract Spring and autumn frost tolerance was measured using material from a range-wide (50–67° N, 38–158° E) provenance trial of four Russian larch species (Larix sukaczewii Dyl., L. sibirica Ledeb., L. gmelinii Rupr. and L. cajanderi Mayr.) growing in northern Sweden. Shoots were collected in early May and late September and frozen at ?8, ?12, ?16 and ?20°C. Cambial damage was assessed visually after development under ideal conditions for 2 weeks. Differences in frost damage among provenances were highly significant in both spring and autumn. Autumn frost damage was significantly correlated with provenance latitude and longitude and spring frost damage was significantly correlated with provenance longitude but not latitude. Frost damage was not correlated with provenance elevation. North-western provenances showed the least damage and far-eastern provenances the greatest damage in both spring and autumn. A possible explanation for less spring frost damage to north-western provenances is adaptation to maritime conditions in proximity to the Barents Sea, which is often ice free in late winter. This would counteract early loss of frost tolerance and bud flushing if warm spells occurred in late winter. North-eastern Siberian provenances did not show similar adaptation and may exhibit increased spring frost damage if global warming eventually results in the Arctic Ocean north of Siberia becoming ice free in late winter. 相似文献
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2008年1月上旬至2009年7月下旬,对非洲引进的3个桃花心木种源的幼树进行每周1次的观测.结果显示:种源间抗寒能力、树高生长和地径生长以及速生期都存在明显差异.种源3-1324与4-1325在苗期表现出一定的抗寒性,种源1-1320苗期对低温敏感.总体上,非洲桃花心木幼树1年抽梢4～7次,1～2月为树高生长休眠期,... 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):205-218
Six short‐term freezing experiments were carried out on 24 one‐year‐old single‐tree open pollinated families of Pinus sylvestris (L.) representing four populations in northerly Sweden (latitude 62°10'N to 66°50'N). Two experiments were conducted in a climate chamber, two in a greenhouse and two outdoors. For freeze testing the plants were exposed to ‐10°C for three hours in a freezing chamber. A freezing experiment in a climate chamber of 28 one‐year‐old full‐sib families (half diallel with two parents from each population) was also carried out. The results were related to the mortality of the same open pollinated families over the first 18 years in the field. The ranking of the populations was the same in all six freezing experiments as in the field. Significant differences in frost resistance between one‐year‐old open pollinated families were found within all populations except the most northern one. The correlations within populations between frost resistance and field mortality varied considerably between populations and freezing experiments. The results from the two greenhouse experiments showed the best correlations with the cumulative field mortality after 18 years. The freezing test of the 28 full‐sib families resulted in the same mutual ranking, according to the general combining ability of parents within populations, as was obtained from the freezing tests of single tree families. 相似文献
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Fady B. Ducci F. Aleta N. Becquey J. Diaz Vazquez R. Fernandez Lopez F. Jay-Allemand C. Lefèvre F. Ninot A. Panetsos K. Paris P. Pisanelli A. Rumpf H. 《New Forests》2003,25(3):211-225
Adaptive and wood quality trait data were collected and analyzed on commercially available Juglans regia and J. regia×J. nigra provenances and progenies planted across Europe in a multi-site network. A total of 19 seed sources, replicated 35 times per site, were planted at 13 sites from 5 European countries, encompassing the potential distribution area of timber production plantation sites. The following traits were evaluated: survival, height, diameter at breast height, stem form, apical dominance, vegetative budbreak, along with biotic and abiotic damage. Mean values were significantly different both among provenances/progenies and sites. Most common damage was late spring and early autumn frost. Bud break ranking was significantly correlated with provenance and progeny origin. Although J. regia is fast growing, southern European early budbreak plant material should not be planted under most middle European conditions where late spring frost can be expected, as it has a significant negative impact on architectural (and thus wood quality) traits. Hybrid J. regia×J. nigra progeny performed better than J. regia provenances/progenies for most traits measured. Differences were significantly in favor of hybrids at sites with medium to low fertility, although some locally selected seed sources tended to perform as well as hybrids on high fertility sites. 相似文献
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Two years after planting, five populations of yellow-cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D.Don) Spach) stecklings (rooted cuttings) at two latitudes and two elevations were tested for freezing tolerance through the winter by the freeze-induced electrolyte leakage method. There were few significant differences in freezing damage among the five populations. Freezing tolerance closely followed trends in daily mean temperature. At the southern latitude sites, high elevation stecklings were less damaged by freezing than low elevation stecklings in the autumn and late spring. No consistent elevational differences in freezing tolerance of stecklings were observed at the northern latitude sites. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):26-35
Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings were lifted on several occasions during autumn 1997 to determine the relationships between storability and frost hardiness. On each lifting date their physiological status was determined by assessment of shoot and root electrolyte leakage and frost hardiness, assessed as freeze-induced electrolyte leakage. Additional seedlings were simultaneously cold-stored for field planting and assessment of preplanting root growth potential in April 1998. First year field performance was determined the following winter. Storability and cold acclimation patterns differed between the two species. Both were negatively affected by early lifting, but oak was less sensitive with respect to survival, and pine attained tolerance to cold storage more rapidly and earlier with respect to growth increment. The correlations between shoot frost hardiness and performance suggest that freeze-induced shoot electrolyte leakage (SELdiff?20) below a threshold of 5% is a good storability predictor for Scots pine in Denmark. A completely reliable criterion for pedunculate oak could not be established. 相似文献
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Frequent bud frost damage in cultivation of Abies procera Rehderand pending climate changes are the background for this studyof cold hardiness under varying acclimation regime (in closed-topchambers) and experimental warm spells during the cold season.LT50 values were established by freezing tests at differenttimes of year. Damage and deaths were assessed on leader buds,subapical lateral buds, needles and cambium. Minor parallelexperiments involved Abies nordmanniana, Picea abies and Piceasitchensis. Lower acclimation temperatures resulted in deeperfrost hardiness during late autumn but less during spring, comparedwith ambient temperature controls. Elevated temperatures resultedin less deep frost resistance. Apical buds generally developeddeeper frost hardiness than lateral buds but less deep thanthe cambium, varying with species, however. Frost damage inbuds ranged from death over partially destroyed bud contentsresulting in distorted shoots to buds seemingly remaining dormant.Responses to warm spells differed with duration, timing andspecies, ranging from dramatic decrease in frost hardiness withor without subsequent recovery to no reaction. Furthermore,the reactions did not show any clear relation to dormancy level.For A. procera, exposure to fluctuating temperatures appearedto be particularly problematic. This explains why this speciesdevelops best in coastal climates, and in sites sheltered fromtemperature extremes either by hedging, a winter snow cover,or topography. The Christmas tree production will suffer severelyon sites with harsh temperatures due to losses of lateral andterminal buds, which destroy the crown symmetry. Clipping ofgreenery is less influenced by frost damages, although the developmentof normal branch whorls is often disturbed. 相似文献
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全国国外松种源试验协作组 《林业科学研究》1989,2(6):540-545
本文总结了1981年在我国3个气候带7个试验点火炬松8a种源试验结果:①对不同种源火炬松的树高、胸径生长进行了显著性检验;②火炬松种源(树高、材积)×地点的互作显著;③火炬松种源2、4年生树高、胸径和至8年生高、径生长相关显著,为早期选择提供依据;④根据生长快、适应性强两项因子,综合评选出一批适合我国不同气候带及自然类型区的国外松树种及火炬松优良种源。 相似文献
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目前仁用杏生产中存在的最大问题是开花早,花期和幼果期易遭受晚霜、寒流的危害,引起冻花冻果现象的发生,导致减产甚至绝收。为了解决仁用杏生产上易受霜冻危害的问题,以仁用杏主栽品种‘优一’为试验材料,研究了喷施抗冻剂1,2-丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇+葡萄糖的混合液、金硅谷和灵护防冻液和水杨酸、施肥、柴堆熏烟处理对仁用杏抗抵御晚霜能力的影响情况,从中筛选出了能有效增强仁用杏抵御晚霜能力的处理方法。结果表明:在其盛果期的采果之后,每株施有机肥10~15 kg或者复合肥1.0~1.5 kg,不仅能促进仁用杏树势的生长,提高其来年的花果质量,而且能有效减轻晚霜的危害,使其在幼果期的冻果率减少50%左右;在霜冻来临之前,喷施2~3次20%~30%的1,2-丙二醇溶液与10%的葡萄糖溶液的混合液,可使其在花期或幼果期能抵抗5~8 h以上、-5℃以下的低温,能使其在幼果期的抗冻率提高80%以上,且对仁用杏花朵(花瓣、雌蕊、子房、雄蕊)和幼果均不会造成伤害,也不影响仁用杏的坐果率。试验结果表明,这两种方法操作简单,低成本,农民容易掌握,易于生产中大范围内推广。 相似文献
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This study was carried out in northern Sweden to determine the effects of frost heaving on the establishment of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings in relation to planting methods. For this purpose, one year old containerised seedlings were planted on two sites and on two dates: during the spring (early planting) and during the fall (late planting). In each case, two planting depths (normal and deep planting) and four planting sites (in mineral soil in the depressions, in the scalp/trench area, on the top of the mound and in the untreated humus layer) were used. On each site, 50 seedlings were planted for each treatment. Frost heaving was observed and measured during two years. The amount of heaving was highest in the hole and almost insignificant on the top of the mound and in the humus layer. Planting depth influenced the degree of heaving only for Scots pine planted in the hole and was not related to the planting time. 相似文献