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1.
肌肉细胞蛋白质合成能力与畜禽产肉量性状有关,试验旨在探究转录因子AT富集区4B(AT-rich interaction domain 4B,ARID4B)对牛磺酸(Taurine,Tau)调节成肌细胞C2C12蛋白质合成的影响.向体外培养C2C12细胞培养液中分别添加0、60、120、180和240μmol·L-1 T... 相似文献
2.
Activity- and mTOR-dependent suppression of Kv1.1 channel mRNA translation in dendrites 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is implicated in synaptic plasticity and local translation in dendrites. We found that the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, increased the Kv1.1 voltage-gated potassium channel protein in hippocampal neurons and promoted Kv1.1 surface expression on dendrites without altering its axonal expression. Moreover, endogenous Kv1.1 mRNA was detected in dendrites. Using Kv1.1 fused to the photoconvertible fluorescence protein Kaede as a reporter for local synthesis, we observed Kv1.1 synthesis in dendrites upon inhibition of mTOR or the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor. Thus, synaptic excitation may cause local suppression of dendritic Kv1 channels by reducing their local synthesis. 相似文献
3.
Park KK Liu K Hu Y Smith PD Wang C Cai B Xu B Connolly L Kramvis I Sahin M He Z 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5903):963-966
The failure of axons to regenerate is a major obstacle for functional recovery after central nervous system (CNS) injury. Removing extracellular inhibitory molecules results in limited axon regeneration in vivo. To test for the role of intrinsic impediments to axon regrowth, we analyzed cell growth control genes using a virus-assisted in vivo conditional knockout approach. Deletion of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog), a negative regulator of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, in adult retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) promotes robust axon regeneration after optic nerve injury. In wild-type adult mice, the mTOR activity was suppressed and new protein synthesis was impaired in axotomized RGCs, which may contribute to the regeneration failure. Reactivating this pathway by conditional knockout of tuberous sclerosis complex 1, another negative regulator of the mTOR pathway, also leads to axon regeneration. Thus, our results suggest the manipulation of intrinsic growth control pathways as a therapeutic approach to promote axon regeneration after CNS injury. 相似文献
4.
FLCN基因参与多种代谢途径和细胞过程,国内外关于FLCN在奶牛乳腺发育过程中表达及调节的研究鲜有报道。应用RNA干扰技术和质粒转染技术改变FLCN基因在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中表达量,流式细胞仪检测细胞增殖,采用qRT-PCR和Western blot检测FLCN对泌乳相关功能基因AMPK、mTOR、CyclinD1、Caspase3和β-酪蛋白表达的影响。结果表明,FLCN正向调节mTOR磷酸化水平,促进乳蛋白合成和细胞增殖,抑制细胞凋亡,负调控能量代谢调节子AMPK。FLCN在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中可通过mTOR信号通路调控细胞增殖及乳蛋白合成,研究对揭示FLCN调控奶牛乳腺上皮细胞增殖和泌乳具有重要作用。 相似文献
5.
The mTOR-regulated phosphoproteome reveals a mechanism of mTORC1-mediated inhibition of growth factor signaling 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hsu PP Kang SA Rameseder J Zhang Y Ottina KA Lim D Peterson TR Choi Y Gray NS Yaffe MB Marto JA Sabatini DM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6035):1317-1322
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase is a master growth promoter that nucleates two complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. Despite the diverse processes controlled by mTOR, few substrates are known. We defined the mTOR-regulated phosphoproteome by quantitative mass spectrometry and characterized the primary sequence motif specificity of mTOR using positional scanning peptide libraries. We found that the phosphorylation response to insulin is largely mTOR dependent and that mTOR exhibits a unique preference for proline, hydrophobic, and aromatic residues at the +1 position. The adaptor protein Grb10 was identified as an mTORC1 substrate that mediates the inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase typical of cells lacking tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), a tumor suppressor and negative regulator of mTORC1. Our work clarifies how mTORC1 inhibits growth factor signaling and opens new areas of investigation in mTOR biology. 相似文献
6.
Immune BlotAnalysis on Expression of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin in Goat Fetal Fibroblasts with Recombinant Polyclonal Antibody 
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下载免费PDF全文 LIANGYan WANGXiao-jing YANGJiao-fu HAOXi-yan BAYin-ma CHENXian-wei WANGZhi-gang 《农业科学学报》2012,12(6):1002-1008
To detect the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expressed in Cashmere goat fetal fibroblasts (GFb), mTOR gene was cloned from Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat (Capra hircus) and expressed in Escherichia coli followed by immunizing mice with the purified recombinant protein as an immunogen to produce the anti-goat mTOR recombinant polyclonal antibody. Antiserum was collected from the immunized mice after the fifth immunization and its titer was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the recombinant polyclonal antibody had a titer 1:200 000 and could react with the mTOR expressed in GFb cells with a specific and sensitive affinity. Western blot showed that mTOR expression and phospho-mTOR (Ser 2448) activity were inhibited when GFb cells were treated with CCI-779, an mTOR specific inhibitor. 相似文献
7.
Mao JH Kim IJ Wu D Climent J Kang HC DelRosario R Balmain A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5895):1499-1502
The enzyme mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) is a major target for therapeutic intervention to treat many human diseases, including cancer, but very little is known about the processes that control levels of mTOR protein. Here, we show that mTOR is targeted for ubiquitination and consequent degradation by binding to the tumor suppressor protein FBXW7. Human breast cancer cell lines and primary tumors showed a reciprocal relation between loss of FBXW7 and deletion or mutation of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog), which also activates mTOR. Tumor cell lines harboring deletions or mutations in FBXW7 are particularly sensitive to rapamycin treatment, which suggests that loss of FBXW7 may be a biomarker for human cancers susceptible to treatment with inhibitors of the mTOR pathway. 相似文献
8.
The mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, is a central regulator of cell growth. Its activity is regulated by Rheb, a Ras-like small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase), in response to growth factor stimulation and nutrient availability. We show that Rheb regulates mTOR through FKBP38, a member of the FK506-binding protein (FKBP) family that is structurally related to FKBP12. FKBP38 binds to mTOR and inhibits its activity in a manner similar to that of the FKBP12-rapamycin complex. Rheb interacts directly with FKBP38 and prevents its association with mTOR in a guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP)-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that FKBP38 is an endogenous inhibitor of mTOR, whose inhibitory activity is antagonized by Rheb in response to growth factor stimulation and nutrient availability. 相似文献
9.
[目的]探索HABR启动过程中污泥的变化和微生物相。[方法]采用低负荷方式对HABR进行启动,研究HABR启动过程中1#、2#、3#、4#隔室内的污泥特性和微生物相变化。通过测定污泥中辅酶F420的浓度、VSS/SS及挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)等指标,研究微生物种群的活性,并通过光学显微镜和电镜扫描观察各个隔室内污泥形状及微生物的种类。[结果]启动成功后,反应器中颗粒污泥的粒径沿程变小;各隔室内微生物种群大致相同,但各隔室的优势菌群有所差异,隔室内的微生物菌群随隔室水质不同而发生演变,前2个隔室的优势菌是产酸菌,而后2个隔室则以产甲烷菌为主;颗粒污泥有机物含量很高,其VSS与SS的质量比在0.7左右,说明其生物活性很好。[结论]HABR启动过程中存在比较明显的生物分相。 相似文献
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Mediation of the attachment or fusion step in vesicular transport by the GTP-binding Ypt1 protein 总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32
N Segev 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,252(5012):1553-1556
The function of the guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein Ypt1 in regulating vesicular traffic was studied in a cell-free system that reconstitutes transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi. Blocking the Ypt1 protein activity resulted in accumulation of vesicles that act as an intermediate passing between the two compartments. The Ypt1 protein was found on the outer side of these vesicles. The transport process is completed by fusion of these vesicles with the acceptor compartment, and Ypt1 protein activity was needed for this step. Thus, a specific GTP-binding protein is required for either attachment or fusion (or both) of secretory vesicles with the acceptor compartment during protein secretion. 相似文献
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以村级为尺度,基于多维贫困理论构建多维贫困测算指标体系并进行贫困度评价。选取耕地和未利用地2个对农村经济影响较大的地类测算田阳县贫困村2005—2015年土地动态度,分析区域土地利用时空变化情况;运用容量耦合系数模型计算贫困度与土地利用变化的耦合情况,并运用空间自相关技术分析其空间耦合分异特征。结果表明:52个贫困村中,耕地利用变化与贫困处于高度耦合阶段以上的贫困村有22个;未利用地变化与贫困处于高度耦合阶段以上的贫困村有36个,说明土地利用与贫困的时空耦合关联度大。其中,耕地利用变化与贫困有反方向的耦合关系,则未利用地与贫困有正方向的耦合关系。分析结果可为提出差别化土地扶贫政策服务。 相似文献
13.
Sancak Y Peterson TR Shaul YD Lindquist RA Thoreen CC Bar-Peled L Sabatini DM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5882):1496-1501
The multiprotein mTORC1 protein kinase complex is the central component of a pathway that promotes growth in response to insulin, energy levels, and amino acids and is deregulated in common cancers. We find that the Rag proteins--a family of four related small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases)--interact with mTORC1 in an amino acid-sensitive manner and are necessary for the activation of the mTORC1 pathway by amino acids. A Rag mutant that is constitutively bound to guanosine triphosphate interacted strongly with mTORC1, and its expression within cells made the mTORC1 pathway resistant to amino acid deprivation. Conversely, expression of a guanosine diphosphate-bound Rag mutant prevented stimulation of mTORC1 by amino acids. The Rag proteins do not directly stimulate the kinase activity of mTORC1, but, like amino acids, promote the intracellular localization of mTOR to a compartment that also contains its activator Rheb. 相似文献
14.
Gonadotropin stimulates protein synthesis and growth in ovarian oocytes. The hormone is also known to modify transfollicular K+ fluxes and is now shown to cause increased intraoocytic K+ activity (aK). The hormone's effect on aK was duplicated by microinjecting K+ salts into oocytes which were incubated in paraffin oil. This treatment mimicked the influence of gonadotropin on both the rate of protein synthesis and the synthesis of specific polypeptides. These findings suggest that gonadotropin-stimulated oocyte growth is attributable largely to the hormone's influence on transfollicular K+ fluxes. They support the hypothesis that the K+ flux and aK changes observed during cell activation are critical in causing subsequent increases in protein synthesis and growth. 相似文献
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【目的】硒（Se）能否通过Nod2/MAPK/mTOR途径调控金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞炎性损伤,有待于进一步研究。因此本研究将探究硒对金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）感染的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞（bMECs）Nod2/MAPK/mTORs信号通路中关键蛋白表达的影响,从而为阐明硒的免疫调控机制提供理论依据。【方法】首先将bMECs以10 6细胞/孔接种于6孔板中,当细胞超过80%的汇合度时,用含2、4和8 μmol·L -1浓度硒的培养基替换原来的培养基,继续孵育12 h,然后用PBS洗涤每孔3次,将S. aureus按MOI=1:1的比例加入6孔板中,继续培养0.5 h,然后收集bMECs细胞进行相关蛋白的检测。本试验共分3大组,即对照（Con）组（bMECs）、模型（Mod）组（bMECs+S. aureus）和试验组。其中试验组又分3个亚剂量组,即Low组（bMECs+2 μmol·L -1 Se+S. aureus）、Mid组（bMECs+4 μmol·L -1 Se+S. aureus）和Hig组（bMECs+8 μmol·L -1 Se+S. aureus）,每组设3个重复。利用BCA蛋白测定试剂盒对收集的bMECs细胞进行总蛋白提取。应用Western blotting技术检测bMECs中Nod2和RIP2蛋白表达水平及JNK,AKT和mTOR蛋白磷酸化水平。将蛋白样品加到10%的SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳中,上样量为20 μg/孔,之后将蛋白转移到聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）膜上。将PVDF膜用5 mL 5%脱脂乳阻断2 h,脱脂乳脱脂后用TBST清洗后,分别用5 mL的 Nod2、RIP2、JNK、AKT、mTOR和β-actin的一抗孵育过夜,回收一抗。之后在PVDF膜中分别加入5 mL上述蛋白的二抗,室温孵育2 h,回收二抗。PVDF用TBST洗涤5次,最后在暗室条件下进行化学显影。 【结果】S. aureus能显著提高bMECs中Nod2和RIP2蛋白表达水平及JNK,AKT和mTOR蛋白磷酸化水平（P<0.01）。S. aureus感染0.5 h后,Nod2蛋白水平显著升高（P<0.01）。在培养基里添加2 μmol·L -1 的硒可极显著抑制Nod2蛋白的表达（P<0.01）,在培养基里添加8 μmol·L -1 的硒可显著抑制Nod2的表达（P<0.05）; S . aureus感染0.5 h后,RIP2蛋白水平显著升高（P<0.05）,而在培养基里添加8 μmol·L -1 硒可显著抑制RIP2蛋白的表达（P<0.05）;S. aureus感染0.5 h后,与对照组相比,模型组JNK蛋白磷酸化水平显著升高（P<0.01）。在培养基里添加4 μmol·L -1 的硒能显著抑制JNK蛋白的磷酸化水平（P<0.05）,在培养基里添加8 μmol·L -1 的硒能显著抑制JNK蛋白的磷酸化水平（P<0.01）; S. aureus感染0.5 h后,与对照组相比,模型组AKT蛋白磷酸化水平显著升高（P<0.01）。在培养基里添加4 μmol·L -1 硒可极显著抑制JNK蛋白的磷酸化水平（P<0.01）,在培养基里添加8 μmol·L -1 硒可显著抑制AKT蛋白的磷酸化水平（P<0.05）;S. aureus感染0.5 h后,模型组mTOR蛋白磷酸化水平显著升高（P<0.01）。在培养基里分别添加4 μmol·L -1 和8 μmol·L -1 硒均能显著抑制mTOR蛋白磷酸化水平（P<0.05）。 【结论】硒可通过抑制bMECs Nod2/MAPK/mTORs信号通路中关键因子蛋白的表达而减轻S. aureus诱导的bMECs炎症反应。 相似文献
16.
Hypothalamic mTOR signaling regulates food intake 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Cota D Proulx K Smith KA Kozma SC Thomas G Woods SC Seeley RJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5775):927-930
The mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) protein is a serine-threonine kinase that regulates cell-cycle progression and growth by sensing changes in energy status. We demonstrated that mTOR signaling plays a role in the brain mechanisms that respond to nutrient availability, regulating energy balance. In the rat, mTOR signaling is controlled by energy status in specific regions of the hypothalamus and colocalizes with neuropeptide Y and proopiomelanocortin neurons in the arcuate nucleus. Central administration of leucine increases hypothalamic mTOR signaling and decreases food intake and body weight. The hormone leptin increases hypothalamic mTOR activity, and the inhibition of mTOR signaling blunts leptin's anorectic effect. Thus, mTOR is a cellular fuel sensor whose hypothalamic activity is directly tied to the regulation of energy intake. 相似文献
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Three pairs of near-isogenic lines with different genetic backgrounds of yellow-seeded and black-seeded rape (Brassica napus L.) were used as experiment materials to study the relationship of color formation in the seedcoat with enzyme activity and protein content in it. The results showed that with similar genetic backgrounds, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activities in the black-seeded lines were much higher than in their yellow-seeded counterparts and maximum PAL activity in the seedcoat occurred comparatively late while no significant difference was present in glutamine synthetase (GS) between the two types of rape. The plants were treated with red light,blue light, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (a PAL inhibitor), polyvinylpyridoxal (a PPO inhibitor),urea (a protein synthesis promoter) or chloramphenicol (CM, a plastid protein synthesis inhibitor) during seed development. It is speculated that PAL may be primarily responsible for coloration in the yellow seed; PPO may be the main factor contributing to the darkness of the testa of the black genotypes; and nitrogen assimilation is, probably, not directly related to the difference in protein content observed between yellow- and black-seeded genotypes, which may be induced mainly by PAL. 相似文献
19.
Hapten sulfaguanidine （SG） was coupled with carrier protein bovine serum albumin （BSA） to form a full antigen SG- BSA by diazotization and glutaraldehyde methods. Ovalbumin （OVA） was used as protein carrier to couple with Hapten SG by glutaraldehyde method. Then, the immunogen and the coating antigen were purified by dialysis and gel exclusion chromatography. The conjugated ratio of SG to BSA in artificial antigen was 5.3 （using diazotization method） and 6.5 （glutaraldehyde method）, and the conjugated ratio of SG to OVA in coating antigen was 2.3 （glutaraldehyde method） by UV-visible spectrophotometer. The coupling was successful according to the analysis of sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE）. BALB/c mice were immunized with the antigen （SG-BSA）, and the titers of antiserum were tested to be 1 ： 6 400 and 1 ： 400 after three periods of immunities by indirect ELISA, which further identified the success of the synthesis of both immunogen SG-BSA and coating antigen SG-OVA. 相似文献
20.
Phosphoproteomic analysis identifies Grb10 as an mTORC1 substrate that negatively regulates insulin signaling 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yu Y Yoon SO Poulogiannis G Yang Q Ma XM Villén J Kubica N Hoffman GR Cantley LC Gygi SP Blenis J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6035):1322-1326
The evolutionarily conserved serine-threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a critical role in regulating many pathophysiological processes. Functional characterization of the mTOR signaling pathways, however, has been hampered by the paucity of known substrates. We used large-scale quantitative phosphoproteomics experiments to define the signaling networks downstream of mTORC1 and mTORC2. Characterization of one mTORC1 substrate, the growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 (Grb10), showed that mTORC1-mediated phosphorylation stabilized Grb10, leading to feedback inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and extracellular signal-regulated, mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK-MAPK) pathways. Grb10 expression is frequently down-regulated in various cancers, and loss of Grb10 and loss of the well-established tumor suppressor phosphatase PTEN appear to be mutually exclusive events, suggesting that Grb10 might be a tumor suppressor regulated by mTORC1. 相似文献