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AIM: To investigate the genetic type of 20 pestiviruses collected from New Zealand over the period 1967-97. METHODS: The pestiviruses were genetically typed by the sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. The primers selected were from the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the pestivirus genome and consistently amplified a 288 bp fragment from all samples tested. RESULTS: Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of PCR products revealed that all samples obtained from cattle represented bovine viral diarrhoea (BVDV) type I. Two sheep isolates were characterised as border disease virus (BDV). A pestivirus isolated from foetal calf serum of USA origin was typed as BVDV type II. CONCLUSIONS: The findings show that the evolution of pestiviruses in New Zealand has been similar to Europe and North America, indicating the occurrence of a conservative phylogenetic branch of BVDV type I in cattle and the presence of BDV in the sheep population. 相似文献
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从牦牛(Yak)体内分离出牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病病毒(BVDV/MDV),参考GenBank中已收录的BVDV-Ⅰ型的全基因组序列,设计了19对引物,通过RT-PCR方法,对牛病毒性腹泻病毒牦牛株进行克隆及测序,得到其全基因组序列(GenBank登录号:JQ799141),序列全长12214 nt,其中5'-UTR长288 nt,3'-UTR长232 nt。将牦牛株BVDV全基因序列与GenBank中登录的其他8株BVDV病毒全基因序列进行同源性比对及系统进化分析,结果表明,牦牛株BVDV与BVDV-Ⅰ型毒株出于同一分支,但与其他8株BVDV毒株全基因序列同源性均不高,有可能属于新的独立基因型或基因亚型,仍需进一步研究证实。 相似文献
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Nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for typing ruminant pestiviruses: bovine viral diarrhea viruses and border disease virus. 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 R W Fulton J M d'Offay J T Saliki L J Burge R G Helman A W Confer S R Bolin J F Ridpath 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1999,63(4):276-281
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A RT-PCR assay for the rapid recognition of border disease virus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
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分析2013—2019年中国西北部分省区不同基因亚型牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）抗原基因Erns的分子特征,了解其遗传演化规律。从甘肃、青海、宁夏规模化牛场送检的疑似牛病毒性腹泻发病牛150份EDTA抗凝血提取总RNA,利用RT-PCR扩增病毒基因组Erns-E1区,克隆测序后比对,构建系统进化树进行遗传演化关系分析。利用牛肾细胞MDBK对检出的不同基因亚型BVDV进行分离,并鉴定其生物型。RT-PCR扩增结果表明,BVDV总体阳性率为37.33%,其中甘肃省、青海省、宁夏回族自治区BVDV阳性率分别为37.68%、35.71%、40.00%。获得56份Erns-E1 DNA,克隆测序获得33条不同的Erns序列,长度均为681 bp,分析表明流行株分属10个BVDV基因亚型：BVDV-1a （2株）、BVDV-1b （5株）、BVDV-1c （1株）、BVDV-1d （3株）、BVDV-1m （11株）、BVDV-1o （1株）、BVDV-1p （4株）、BVDV-1q （4株）、BVDV-1v （1株）、BVDV-2a （1株）。分离获得BVDV-1a亚型、BVDV-1b亚型、BVDV-1v亚型、BVDV-2a亚型分离株各1株,BVDV-1 d亚型分离株2株,均为非致细胞病变型。各亚型株间Erns基因核苷酸相似性以BVDV-1a～1d经典亚型株（79.8%～85.9%）或1m～1q及1v新亚型株（81.0%～87.3%）较高,以BVDV-1 m和BVDV-1p流行株亚型间相似性最高（87.3%）。各亚型株Erns基因编码蛋白的RNA酶活性位点以及双链RNA作用基序（139KKGK142）保守,但Erns第26位糖基化位点（26 NRSL）在1m～1q、1v亚型株移位（24 NVSR）。首次以Erns核苷酸序列构建系统进化树,结果显示1m～1q及1v等亚型BVDV株在进化上关系较为密切。本研究首次选用Erns靶标基因对甘肃、青海、宁夏部分省区牛源BVDV株进行同源性及系统进化分析,发现10个基因亚型流行株,以1m亚型株最为普遍,1m～1q及1v等亚型株亲缘关系密切。 相似文献
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A method to evaluate the efficacy of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccines using a multiple challenge model was investigated. Four pregnant heifers were challenged intranasally with a type I and type II isolate of BVDV at 75 days of gestation. At 60 days postinoculation, virus isolation and RT-PCR from blood and tissues of fetuses indicated that all fetus were persistently infected with both type I and type II isolates. Differing results of detection by PCR and virus isolation between the type I and type II isolates were obtained. These preliminary studies may indicate differences in the level of replication between type I and type II BVDV as well as predilected sites of replication in certain tissues. 相似文献
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Hamers C Dehan P Couvreur B Letellier C Kerkhofs P Pastoret PP 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2001,161(2):112-122
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) isolates are characterized by an important genetic, antigenic and pathogenic diversity. The emergence of new hypervirulent BVDV strains in North America has provided clear evidence of pathogenic differences between BVDV strains. The origin of BVDV diversity is related to high mutation rate occurring in RNA viruses but the consequences of mutations obviously depend on the genes which are involved. Mutations in genes encoding for structural proteins of immunological importance may have practical implications.Knowledge of BVDV diversity is important for understanding the wide variety of pathogenesis of diseases caused by the virus, for monitoring the epidemiology of the different types and for the design of optimum laboratory tests and vaccines.This review focuses on the origin and consequences of BVDV diversity with regard to pathogenesis, biotypes, and antigenic and genetic variations. 相似文献
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The infection of cattle with the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in Germany is gaining attention and guidelines for the "protection of cattle farms against BVDV infections" were passed in 1997. New investigations about the damages induced by BVDV infections as well as the new occurrence of so-called BVDV genotypes (BVDV I and II) made the problems to become aware. The newly described BVDV genotype considerably differs both genetically and antigenetically from the up to now known BVD-viruses (BVDV I). The subdivision in BVDV genotypes I and II is based on genomic differences, which are determined by sequence analyses of different parts of the viral genome. Here, we describe the classification of BVDV in genotypes using a monoclonal antibody and indirect immunofluorescence with flow cytometry (FACS) based analysis. The suitability of the mab WB160 (Central Veterinary Laboratory, Weybridge; UK) for the classification of both BVDV-genotypes was first checked using genetically defined BVDV isolates. While all BVDV I isolates (n = 20) reacted with high fluorescence signals, the mab WB160 could not detect any of the defined BVDV II isolates (n = 20). Subsequently, 505 BVDV field strains isolated between 1993-1997 were screened for both genotypes using the mab WB160 and FACS analysis. 33 (6.5%) of the BVDV isolates were classified as BVDV II. 相似文献
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Studies covering all aspects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) have been conducted in several countries in Europe, Asia and America. In southern Africa, more information is required about the nature of BVDV infection, the prevalence of different strains and the economic importance of the disease. The presence of BVDV in southern Africa has been known since the early 1970s through serological surveys but few reports confirming its presence by virus isolation and correlation with clinical disease are available. Specimens (n = 312) collected in 1998/99, from live and dead cattle from different farming systems, were obtained from private practitioners, feedlot consultants and abattoirs throughout the country. Specimens (n = 37) from African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) in the Kruger National Park were also included. All specimens were processed for virus isolation in cell culture with confirmation by means of immunofluorescent antibody tests and some also by means of an antigen capture ELISA. BVDV was isolated from 15 (4.7%) cattle and were all noncytopathic biotypes. BVDV was not detected in 37 lymph nodes obtained from buffaloes in the Kruger National Park. Of the clinical signs in cattle from which virus were isolated, respiratory signs was the most frequent (10/15), followed by diarrhoea (5/15). Abortion, congenital malformations, haemorrhagic diarrhoea and poor growth were also included as criteria for selection of animals for specimen collection, but no BVD viruses were isolated from cattle manifesting these clinical signs. 相似文献
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Virus neutralising antibodies against 22 bovine viral diarrhoea virus isolates in vaccinated calves.
C Hamers E Di Valentin C Lecomte M Lambot E Joris B Genicot P-P Pastoret 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2002,163(1):61-67
Seven of nine colostrum deprived calves, free from bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), were vaccinated with a commercially available vaccine containing two inactivated strains of BVDV, an inactivated strain of bovine herpesvirus-1 and modified-live strains of bovine respiratory syncytial virus and para-influenza-3 virus. The two other calves were kept as controls. The virus neutralising (VN) antibodies induced by vaccination were tested against 22 antigenically diverse BVDV isolates, including reference strains and field isolates, both cytopathic and non-cytopathic, as well as genotypes I and II. The strains were isolated in Belgium, France, Germany, the United Kingdom and the USA. While there were variations in the VN titres of the individual calves against all the strains, serum from the seven animals neutralised 20 or more of the strains tested. From the results, it can be concluded that the vaccine can stimulate the production of VN antibodies capable of neutralising a wide range of European and American isolates of BVDV, including genotypes I and II. 相似文献
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Hamers C di Valentin E Lecomte C Lambot M Joris E Genicot B Pastoret PP 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2000,47(10):721-726
Seven of nine colostrum-deprived calves, free from infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV), were vaccinated with Rispoval RS-BVD on two occasions, 21 days apart, while the other two were kept as BVDV infection controls. The virus neutralizing (VN) serum antibodies induced by vaccination were tested for their ability to neutralize 18 European BVDV isolates, including laboratory reference strains and recent field isolates, both cytopathic and non-cytopathic biotypes as well as genotypes I and II. The strains were isolated in Belgium, France, Germany and the United Kingdom. While there were large variations in the vaccine-induced VN titres of the individual calves against all the strains, e.g. the titres against Osloss NCP, the European reference strain ranged from 1.7 to 6.7 (1:log2), serum from each animal was capable of neutralizing between nine and all 18 of the strains tested. Nevertheless, from the results of this study, it can be concluded that in colostrum-deprived BVDV seronegative calves, Rispoval RS-BVD can stimulate the production of VN antibodies capable of neutralizing a wide range of antigenically diverse European isolates of BVDV, including genotypes I and II. 相似文献
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Using RNA purified directly from stored clinical specimens, a collection of 62 pestiviruses were typed by RT-PCR and sequencing within the 5'-untranslated region of the genome. All the specimens had been obtained in 1966/1967 from diary cattle in England and Wales. Eight further pestiviruses, grown in cell culture, were characterised in the same way. Seven of these viruses were representatives of a panel of British isolates, obtained from cattle ten years before. The eighth was the virus used in a British bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) vaccine. Most of the viruses were genetically unique and were of BVDV type Ia. One recent isolate was BVDV type Ib, two others were intermediate between Ia and Ib. No BVDV type II or border disease virus (BDV) isolates were found. There was no overall association between geographical and phylogenetic clustering, suggesting long-distance virus dispersal, presumably via trading of infected cattle. The sequences of the recently obtained cattle viruses were very similar or, in one case, identical to the older isolates in the region studied. Their close similarity to some previously characterised pestiviruses from British sheep suggests that a common pool of BVDV Ia is shared by these two livestock species, although another pestivirus--BVDV--is confined to sheep. The British cattle viruses were mostly distinct from continental European isolates, but more similar to type Ia isolates from North American cattle. 相似文献
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P H Walz J C Baker T P Mullaney J B Kaneene R K Maes 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1999,63(2):119-123
Some isolates of type II bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) are capable of causing severe clinical disease in cattle. Bovine viral diarrhea virus infection has been reported in pigs, but the ability of these more virulent isolates of type II BVDV to induce severe clinical disease in pigs is unknown. It was our objective to compare clinical, virologic, and pathologic findings between type I and type II BVDV infection in pigs. Noninfected control and BVDV-infected 2-month-old pigs were used. A noncytopathic type I and a noncytopathic type II BVDV isolate were chosen for evaluation in feeder age swine based upon preliminary in vitro and in vivo experiments. A dose titration study was performed using 4 groups of 4 pigs for each viral isolate. The groups were inoculated intranasally with either sham (control), 10(3), 10(5), or 10(7) TCID50 of virus. The pigs were examined daily and clinical findings were recorded. Antemortem and postmortem samples were collected for virus isolation. Neither the type I nor type II BVDV isolates resulted in clinical signs of disease in pigs. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was isolated from antemortem and postmortem samples from groups of pigs receiving the 10(5) and the 10(7) TCID50 dose of the type I BVDV isolate. In contrast, BVDV was only isolated from postmortem samples in the group of pigs receiving the 10(7) TCID50 dose of the type II BVDV isolate. Type I BVDV was able to establish infection in pigs at lower doses by intranasal instillation than type II BVDV. Infection of pigs with a type II isolate of BVDV known to cause severe disease in calves did not result in clinically apparent disease in pigs. 相似文献
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Platelet aggregation responses and virus isolation from platelets in calves experimentally infected with type I or type II bovine viral diarrhea virus. 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 P H Walz T G Bell D L Grooms L Kaiser R K Maes J C Baker 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2001,65(4):241-247
Altered platelet function has been reported in calves experimentally infected with type II bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). The purpose of the present study was to further evaluate the ability of BVDV isolates to alter platelet function and to examine for the presence of a virus-platelet interaction during BVDV infection. Colostrum-deprived Holstein calves were obtained immediately after birth, housed in isolation, and assigned to 1 of 4 groups (1 control and 3 treatment groups). Control calves (n = 4) were sham inoculated, while calves in the infected groups (n = 4 for each group) were inoculated by intranasal instillation with 10(7) TCID50 of either BVDV 890 (type II), BVDV 7937 (type II), or BVDV TGAN (type I). Whole blood was collected prior to inoculation (day 0) and on days 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 after inoculation for platelet function testing by optical aggregometry by using adenosine diphosphate and platelet activating factor. The maximum percentage aggregation and the slope of the aggregation curve decreased over time in BVDV-infected calves; however, statistically significant differences (Freidman repeated measures ANOVA on ranks, P < 0.05) were only observed in calves infected with the type II BVDV isolates. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was not isolated from control calves, but was isolated from all calves infected with both type II BVDV isolates from days 4 through 12 after inoculation. In calves infected with type I BVDV, virus was isolated from 1 of 4 calves on days 4 and 12 after inoculation and from all calves on days 6 and 8 after inoculation. Altered platelet function was observed in calves infected with both type II BVDV isolates, but was not observed in calves infected with type I BVDV. Altered platelet function may be important as a difference in virulence between type I and type II BVDV infection. 相似文献
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从疑似猪瘟病料中检出牛病毒性腹泻病毒 总被引：23，自引：1，他引：22
根据牛病毒性腹泻病毒（ＢＶＤＶ）ＮＡＤＬ株和猪瘟病毒（ＨＣＶ）Ａｌｆｏｒｔ株的核苷酸序列，设计合成了１对ＢＶＤＶ引物和３对ＨＣＶ引物。以从吉林、长春、哲盟３个地区经临床及病理学诊断为猪瘟的病料中提取的ＲＮＡ为模板，采用反转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ），分别以ＢＶＤＶ和ＨＣＶ引物进行扩增。结果，用ＢＶＤＶ引物从哲盟地区的疑似猪瘟病料中扩增出大小约４００ｂｐ的片段，而用３对ＨＣＶ引物在不同的条件下均未从该病料中扩增出相应大小的ＨＣＶ基因片段。此外，用ＨＣＶ的ＰＥ０／ＰＥ４引物从吉林、长春的病料中扩增出了ＨＣＶ的基因片段，但用ＢＶＤＶ引物从这两个地区的病料中均未扩增出ＢＶＤＶ的基因片段。从哲盟疑似猪瘟病料中扩增出的片段经克隆、序列测定及计算机分析证实，该片段的核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列与ＢＶＤＶ的同源性明显高于与ＨＣＶ的同源性。将哲盟病料接种于ＭＤＢＫ传代细胞，出现典型而规律的ＢＶＤＶ样细胞病变。由此证明，从哲盟疑似猪瘟病料中检测出的是ＢＶＤＶ而不是ＨＣＶ 相似文献
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Llamas and alpacas are domesticated South American camelids (SACs) important to ancestral population in the Altiplano region, and to different communities where they have been introduced worldwide. These ungulates have shown to be susceptible to several livestock viral pathogens such as members of the Pestivirus genus and mainly to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Seventeen Chilean BVDV isolates were analyzed by serum cross neutralization with samples obtained from five llama, six alpacas, three bovines, plus three reference strains belonging to different subgroups and genotypes. The objective was to describe antigenic differences and similarities among them. Antigenic comparison showed significant differences between different subgroups. Consequently, antigenic similarities were observed among isolates belonging to the same subgroup and also between isolates from different animal species belonging the same subgroup. Among the analyzed samples, one pair of 1b subgroup isolates showed significant antigenic differences. On the other hand, one pair of isolates from different subgroups (1b and 1j) shared antigenic similarities indicating antigenic relatedness. This study shows for the first time the presence of antigenic differences within BVDV 1b subgroup and antigenic similarities within 1j subgroup isolates, demonstrating that genetic differences within BVDV subgroups do not necessary corresponds to differences on antigenicity. 相似文献