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1.
为探讨ghrelin对奶山羊下丘脑促生长激素释放激素(GHRH)、生长抑素(SS) mRNA表达的影响,10只青春前期莎能母奶山羊随机分为2组,试验组和对照组,每组5只.试验组羊经颈静脉注入一定量的ghrelin(3.0 μg/kg)3 h后宰杀,用RT-PCR方法检测ghrelin对下丘脑GHRH、SS mRNA表达的影响.结果表明试验组羊下丘脑GHRH mRNA的表达显著上调(P＜0.01);下丘脑中SS mRNA的表达也显著升高(P＜0.05).表明ghrelin在下丘脑水平上对GHRH和SS mRNA的表达具有上调作用,提示ghrelin可能通过GHRH途径调节垂体GH的分泌. 相似文献
2.
《中国兽医学报》2017,(3):541-545
采用RT-PCR及荧光定量PCR方法,检测并分析藏猪与长白猪在卵泡期及黄体期下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中ghrelin基因mRNA的相对表达量。结果显示:在卵泡期,下丘脑、卵巢中ghrelin基因的mRNA表达量均藏猪显著高于长白猪(P<0.05),而垂体中藏猪虽高于长白猪,但两者之间差异不显著(P>0.05);在黄体期,垂体、卵巢中ghrelin基因的mRNA表达量藏猪分别显著高于长白猪(P<0.05),而下丘脑中藏猪虽高于长白猪,但两者之间差异不显著(P>0.05);无论在卵泡期还是黄体期,也无论是藏猪还是长白猪,自身相比,其ghrelin基因在下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴的mRNA表达都有一致的变化规律,即卵巢显著高于下丘脑(P<0.05),下丘脑显著高于垂体(P<0.05)。结果表明:藏猪ghrelin基因在生殖轴中的mRNA表达量普遍高于长白猪,这将为从分子水平上分析藏猪产仔率低的原因及提高其产仔率的进一步研究奠定基础。 相似文献
3.
选择90日龄的皖西白鹅和朗德鹉各20只,取下丘脑、垂体、胸肌组织.采用半定量逆转录多聚酶链式反应(RT-PCR)的方法,以β-actin为内标,对下丘脑中的生长激素释放激素(GHRH)、垂体中的生长激素(GH)、肌肉组织中生长激素受体(GHR)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ型受体(IGF-1R)的mRNA表达量分别进行比较分析,并分别与鹕的胸肌重及胸肌率进行相关性分析.结果表明:皖西白鹩的屠体质量胸肌重与朗德鹩无显著差异;皖西白鹅垂体中GH的mRNA表达低于朗德鹅(P<0.05),而下丘脑中GHRH和肌肉中GHR、IGF-1、IGF-1R mRNA在两品种间无显著差异;胸肌重与IGF-1 mRNA的表达显著正相关(r=0.57,P<0.01),而与GHR、IGF-1R mRNA无显著的相关性.结果提示,鹅肌肉的生长主要取决于GH的靶机制,而与GH无关. 相似文献
4.
本试验旨在研究阴外动脉乳成分前体物浓度的变化对奶山羊乳腺吸收及相关激素受体mRNA表达量的影响.选用2～3岁,体重、产奶量相近、安装有阴外动脉和腹部皮下静脉血插管的关中奶山羊3只,由阴外动脉灌注氨基酸和葡萄糖混合物,在灌注前后分别采集动静脉血浆、乳腺组织,测定动静脉血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白的含量及乳腺组织β-酪蛋白、催乳素受体、生长激素受体和类胰岛素生长因子Ⅰ的mRNA表达量。结果表明,与灌注前相比,乳成分前体物含量及乳腺对其的摄取量均提高(P<0.05).乳腺组织中β-酪蛋白、生长激素受体和类胰岛素生长因子Ⅰ的mRNA表达量显著提高(P<0.05),催乳素受体的mRNA表达量极显著提高(P<0.01),说明阴外动脉灌注氨基酸、葡萄糖混合物可以显著地提高乳成分前体物的浓度,有效地刺激血液中激素发生变化,提高乳腺组织中相关受体mRNA的表达. 相似文献
5.
《中国兽医杂志》2017,(9)
为了研究SHU9119与ghrelin之间的潜在的生理学关系,本试验选择4周龄的C57BL/6小鼠下丘脑和卵巢组织为研究材料,对小鼠发情周期中SHU9119介导的ghrelin mRNA在下丘脑和卵巢部位表达水平进行研究。结果表明,正常生理条件下小鼠间情期下丘脑保持较高水平的ghrelin mRNA表达,而在卵巢内其表达水平相对较低;腹腔注射SHU9119(50μg/kg体重)可极显著抑制下丘脑中ghrelin mRNA的表达(P<0.01),同时显著促进小鼠间情期卵巢Ghrelin mRNA的表达(P<0.05)。然而,SHU9119并未引起小鼠发情前期、发情期和发情后期ghrelin mRNA表达量的显著差异。上述结果表明,SHU9119可能通过MC4R系统调节间情期小鼠ghrelin的变化,而不参与其他性周期ghrelin mRNA表达量的相关调控。 相似文献
6.
从880只250日龄雪山草鸡中选取处于产蛋期、就巢期和恢复期的鸡各20只,屠宰采集下丘脑、垂体、输卵管和卵巢,用荧光实时定量PCR法检测其中催乳素基因mRNA的表达水平,并与繁殖性能进行相关分析,结果表明:PRL基因在4个组织中都有表达,但在垂体中的表达极显著高于其他组织(P<0.01),而且在其他3个组织之间PRL的表达差异并不显著(P>0.05);就巢期鸡PRL基因在垂体中的表达量显著高于产蛋期鸡和恢复期鸡(P<0.05),而在下丘脑、输卵管和卵巢3个组织中3组个体PRL基因的表达量差异不显著(P>0.05);PRL在垂体的表达与种鸡的繁殖性能旱负相关,相关系数为-0.328(P<0.05). 相似文献
7.
《畜牧与兽医》2015,(4):24-28
旨在探讨二甲酸钾(KDF)对断奶仔猪生长轴和肝脏糖异生相关基因mRNA表达的影响。试验选用28日龄的断奶仔猪180头,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复15头,其中对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+1%的二甲酸钾,试验期2周。结果表明:与对照组相比,二甲酸钾显著提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重(P0.05),对血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和血糖(BG)等生化指标没有显著影响,对下丘脑中生长抑素(SS)、生长激素受体(GHR)、促生长激素释放激素(GHRH)和垂体中胰岛素样生长因子-1受体(IGF-1R)和生长激素(GH)mRNA表达量无显著影响。但试验组显著下调垂体中GHR的表达(P0.05),显著上调下丘脑中IGF-1R、肝脏中胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)、IGF-1R、磷酸稀醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PCK1)和果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶(FBP1)mRNA的表达(P0.05)。 相似文献
8.
生长激素释放肽(ghrelin)是在大鼠和人胃内发现的,是一种生长激素促分泌素受体(growth hormone secretagogue receptor,GHSR)的内源性配体.ghrelin与位于垂体、下丘脑的GHSR结合后,具有促进生长激素释放、增加食欲、调节消化系统功能和能量代谢等作用.本文对ghrelin的... 相似文献
9.
催乳复合物、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中AKT-1和mTOR表达的作用 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
信号转导分子AKT-1、mTOR对于乳腺上皮细胞中乳蛋白的转录和翻译至关重要,胰岛素、地塞米松和催乳素组成的催乳复合物(DIP)是包括AKT-1/mTOR在内的多种泌乳信号途径激活的必要条件。采用qRT-RCR和Western blotting分别检测不同培养时间点奶牛乳腺上皮细胞AKT-1、mTOR的mRNA和蛋白质水平表达情况,结果显示,在DIP培养条件下,AKT-1和mTOR表达量均上升。添加胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)后进一步促进了AKT-1 mRNA和蛋白质的表达;同时,mTOR mRNA和蛋白质水平的表达也增加,且均有显著差异(P<0.05),结果表明DIP存在时,IGF-Ⅰ上调AKT-1和mTOR的表达,增强了AKT/mTOR途径。 相似文献
10.
为探讨妊娠期小鼠下丘脑一垂体一卵巢轴中催乳素释放肽(PrRP)及其受体(PrRP-R)mRNA的表达规律,选用妊娠6、12、18 d小鼠(n=6),取下丘脑、垂体、卵巢组织,利用半定量PCR方法测定下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中PrRP和PrRP-R mRNA表达水平,另外利用放射免疫法(RIA)测定血浆孕酮(P)、雌二醇(E2)和催乳素(PRL)水平,探究下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴PrRP和PrRP-R mRNA与血浆P、E2、PRL的相关关系.结果表明:妊娠期小鼠下丘脑、垂体、卵巢中都有PrRP、PrRP-R mRNA的表达,其中卵巢PrRP mRNA表达量较高,而下丘脑PrRP-R mRMA的表达量较高.妊娠期小鼠血浆P水平与垂体PrRP mRNA表达量呈显著负相关,而垂体PrRP mRNA与下丘脑PrRP-R mRNA表达量呈显著正相关,结果提示妊娠期m浆高水平的P可能通过抑制垂体PrRP mRNA的表达,进而作用于下丘脑参与妊娠相关调控.妊娠期小鼠血浆PRL水平与下丘腩、垂体、卵巢PrRP和PrRP-R mRNA的表达晕均无显著相关关系,提示血浆PRL水平可能小受上述组织PrRP的影响. 相似文献
11.
Gastric-derived peptide hormone ghrelin is known for its potent growth hormone (GH) stimulatory effects. The acyl-modification on N-terminal Ser(3) residue is reported to be important to stimulate the ghrelin receptor, GH secretagogue-receptor type1a (GHS-R1a). However, major portion of circulating ghrelin lacks in acylation, and some biological properties of des-acyl ghrelin have been reported in monogastric animals. In the present study, the responsiveness of plasma hormones and metabolites to ghrelin in steers was characterized, and role for des-acyl ghrelin in these changes was investigated. The repeated intravenous administrations of bovine ghrelin (1.0 microg/kg BW) every 2h for 8h to Holstein steers significantly increased the plasma acylated ghrelin, total ghrelin, GH, insulin and NEFA levels. The GH responses in peak values and area under the curves (AUCs) were attenuated by repeated injections of ghrelin, however, the responses of plasma total ghrelin were similar. Plasma insulin AUC decreased after fourth injection of ghrelin while plasma NEFA AUCs gradually increased by repeated injections of ghrelin. Pretreatment of des-acyl ghrelin (10.0 microg/kg BW) 5 min prior to the single injection of ghrelin (1.0 microg/kg BW) did not affect the ghrelin-induced hormonal changes. Moreover, the responses of plasma GH to bovine and porcine ghrelin, which differ in C-terminal amino acid residues, were similar in calves. These data show that (1) GH release was attenuated by repeated administration of ghrelin, (2) ghrelin regulates glucose and fatty acid metabolism probably via different pathway, and (3) des-acyl ghrelin is unlikely the antagonist for ghrelin to induce endocrine effects in Holstein steers. 相似文献
12.
ghrelin对生殖系统的调节作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ghrelin是新近发现的一个含有28个氨基酸残基的多肽,是生长激素促分泌素受体(GHS-R)的天然配体,除具有调节GH分泌和能量平衡的功能之外,尚有其他许多功能。近年来体外或体内试验研究表明,ghrelin对生殖激素如LH、PRL具有一定的调节作用;另外,ghrelin及其受体系统广泛存在于生殖系统中。提示这一新发现的激素可能对生殖系统具有重要的调节作用。文章就ghrelin对生殖系统调节作用的研究进展加以综述。 相似文献
13.
To investigate the distribution of ghrelin in different regions of stomach in Sprague-Dawley rat, and attempt to compare with those of humans and other mammalian species in this study, the stomach of rats was divided into five sections, cardia, fundus, greater curvature, lesser curvature and pylorus. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were performed to investigate the ghrelin-producing cells. The immunolocalization and protein levels of ghrelin differed significantly in different regions of stomach in rats. It was present at a high level in the greater curvature of the pars glandularis, and the lesser curvature. In the fundus and pylorus, no ghrelin immunoreactive cells were detected. In this study, we elucidated the distribution of ghrelin-producing cells in different regions of rat stomach in detail for the first time. It is further considered that the differences of ghrelin distribution in stomach of different species may induce different stimulatory effects on fat accumulation and metabolism. 相似文献
14.
此文概括了生长素及其受体的结构及分布，对生长素的生物学效应、分泌调节及其在动物生产中的应用进行了综述。 相似文献
15.
Majchrzak K Szyszko K Pawłowski KM Motyl T Król M 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2012,15(1):189-197
Ghrelin is a 28 amino-acid multi-functional peptide hormone, which was identified as a natural ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). Pituitary growth hormone-releasing activity in both animals and humans has been well documented. It has various biological functions, including regulation of appetite and body weight, control of energy homeostasis, modulation of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system and anti-inflammatory effect. However, both ghrelin and its receptor (GHS-R) are widely distributed in various tumors, which strongly implies their role in neoplastic cell growth trough autocrine/paracrine mechanism. Multiple studies have demonstrated the role of ghrelin in cancer cells proliferation, differentiation, invasiveness and apoptosis inhibition. The ghrelin axis is more complex than it was originally thought and consist of several compounds that might interact with each other and affect ghrelin activities. Here, we provide an overview of the ghrelin and its receptor role in tumor progression. 相似文献
16.
Chenguang Du Xilingaowa Guifang Cao Caiyun Wang Haijun Li Yanhong Zhao Siqingaowa Jinshan Cao 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2009
Ghrelin has been implicated in the control of cell proliferation in reproductive tissue. Here, we provide evidence that both ghrelin mRNA and protein are present in ovarian follicles. Persistent expression of ghrelin was also demonstrated in sheep ovary throughout the estrous cycle and pregnancy. In fact, the relative mRNA levels of ghrelin varied depending on the stage of the cycle, with the highest expression during the development of the corpora lutea (CL) and minimal expression in the regressing CL. A similar pattern was seen during pregnancy. Dynamic changes in the profile of ghrelin expression during the estrous cycle and throughout pregnancy suggest a precise regulation of ovarian expression of ghrelin, which could represent a potential role for ghrelin in the regulation of luteal development. In conclusion, the presence of the ghrelin signaling system within the sheep ovary especially in the oocytes opens up the possibility of a potential regulatory role of this novel molecule in reproductive function. 相似文献
17.
This is a test-report of ghrelin levels in plasma and proventriculus, the glandular portion of the avian stomach, by using a specific radioimmunoassay for acylated ghrelin, as well as the expression of the ghrelin gene in the proventriculus after a 12-h fasting period followed by a 6-h feeding period with 6-day-old layer chicks. After fasting, the plasma ghrelin levels increased from 21.3 ± 4.5 to 32.9 ± 5.0 fmol/ml, but once refed it returned to the control value. After fasting, the ghrelin mRNA and the peptide levels in the proventriculus increased, and ghrelin mRNA levels remained high but once refed the ghrelin content returned to the control level. Furthermore, in order to examine the effect of increased circulating ghrelin on food intake, a bolus intravenous injection of 500 pmol of chicken ghrelin was given to 8-day-old chicks. The ghrelin injection did not cause any significant changes in food intake. These results indicate that the levels of ghrelin and its mRNA with layer chicks are altered according to the feeding state and this in a similar manner as has been observed in mammals. Unlike in mammals, an increase in circulating ghrelin does not cause the promotion of food intake in chicks. 相似文献
18.
介绍了近年来发现的由28个氨基酸残基组成的ghrelin的来源、分子结构、不同物种间的ghrelin组成差异、分布组织及存在形式，归纳了影响ghrelin分泌的因素，认为ghrelin在调节生长激素的释放、能量代谢、其他激素的分泌和参与调节睡觉一觉醒模式及细胞增殖方面发挥了重要生物学效应。 相似文献
19.
6周龄BALB/c雌性小鼠80只,分为4组：雌激素＋Ghrelin组、雌激素＋生理盐水组、生理盐水组、空白对照组。雌激素＋Ghrelin组首先隔日腹腔注射苯甲酸雌二醇（0.1mg/只）2周,然后采用相同方法注射Ghrelin（120μg/只）2周;雌激素＋生理盐水组首先注射苯甲酸雌二醇2周,然后注射生理盐水2周;生理盐水组注射生理盐水4周;空白对照组不注射任何试剂。测量各组小鼠的胸腺指数,同时应用光镜、电镜和流式细胞术检测胸腺的显微结构、超微结构和胸腺细胞凋亡率。结果雌激素＋Ghrelin组的胸腺指数极显著大于雌激素＋生理盐水组,胸腺细胞凋亡率极显著小于雌激素＋生理盐水组（P〈0.01）,而二者与生理盐水组和空白对照组均差异不显著（P〉0.05）;雌激素＋Ghrelin组的胸腺显微结构和超微结构基本恢复正常,并与生理盐水组和空白对照组相似。结论得出Ghrelin可以通过抑制胸腺细胞凋亡和促进胸腺细胞增殖,从而逆转雌激素诱导的小鼠胸腺萎缩。 相似文献
20.
妊娠山羊黄体组织中ghrelin的表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用组织学和免疫组化方法对不同妊娠时期山羊黄体的组织学结构及ghrelin的分布规律进行了研究,结果表明:黄体外覆结缔组织性被膜,实质主要由粒性(大)黄体细胞和膜性(小)黄体细胞组成;在各时期均存在大黄体细胞的退化现象,退化黄体细胞数量随周期进程逐渐增多,结构变化表现为:细胞形态多变,胞质呈强嗜酸性,胞核固缩或碎裂.ghrelin阳性反应主要位于被膜和黄体细胞,各阶段被膜上均存在ghrelin表达,主要为纤维及血管的着色;黄体内ghrelin主要定位于大黄体细胞,另外部分小细胞也有表达,从分布范围和染色强度看,呈现出少-多再渐少的变化趋势;结合各周龄山羊黄体组织中ghrelin阳性产物相对表达量的分析,表明在妊娠早中期,黄体组织内有较高的ghrelin表达,而在妊娠后期表达较低.不同妊娠时期山羊黄体组织中ghrelin的这种周期性表达模式与黄体的功能相适应,提示ghrelin的表达与黄体的功能密切相关. 相似文献