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《食用菌学报》2014,(4)
以人工栽培多脂鳞伞(Pholiota adiposa)及滑子蘑(Pholiota microspora)子实体为材料,采用回流提取法分别得到石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯及甲醇提取物,以DPPH与ABTS自由基清除率为指标评价各提取物抗氧化活性,结果表明:多脂鳞伞与滑子蘑不同溶剂的提取物均有清除DPPH自由基能力并在一定范围内呈现量效关系。其中乙酸乙酯提取物对DPPH自由基清除能力最强,多脂鳞伞和滑子蘑乙酸乙酯提取物清除DPPH自由基的IC50值分别为0.29mg/mL和0.21mg/mL;同样乙酸乙酯提取物对于ABTS自由基清除能力最强,在质量浓度为1.0mg/mL时,多脂鳞伞和滑子蘑乙酸乙酯提取物对ABTS自由基清除率分别为60.25%和65.27%。以不同剂量的多脂鳞伞和滑子蘑水提物灌胃小鼠20d,测定血清中IL-2(interleukin-2)的含量,用以评价其免疫功能,结果表明:多脂鳞伞水提物3个剂量组处理的小鼠血清中IL-2表达水平明显高于滑子蘑组及阳性对照组,滑子蘑组的IL-2表达水平稍低于阳性对照组,但均显著高于阴性对照组。 相似文献
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利用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀和醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性实验,研究红缘拟层孔菌(Fomitopsis pinicola)子实体不同提取物的抗炎作用,通过测定小鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)和丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)水平,炎症组织中SOD、MDA、前列腺素E_2(prostaglandin E_2, PGE_2)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)水平探究其抗炎机理;运用醋酸致小鼠扭体和热板致小鼠疼痛方法研究其镇痛作用;利用干酵母致大鼠发热和内毒素致大鼠发热模型探究其解热活性。结果表明,与模型组相比,红缘拟层孔菌子实体极性高的水提物和正丁醇提取物能显著降低腹腔毛细血管通透性、小鼠醋酸扭体和热板疼痛反应、干酵母和内毒素致大鼠发热的体温,其次为甲醇提取物;而二氯甲烷和石油醚提取物可显著抑制二甲苯导致的小鼠耳肿胀,显著升高小鼠血浆和右耳组织液中SOD水平,并显著降低小鼠血清MDA和右耳组织液MDA和PGE_2水平,说明红缘拟层孔菌子实体提取物具有抗炎、镇痛和解热作用,且其活性物质主要集中在极性高的水和正丁醇提取物中,其次为甲醇提取物中。 相似文献
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以人工栽培糙皮侧耳、阿魏侧耳及金顶侧耳(子实体为材料,采用回流提取法分别得到石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯及甲醇提取物,以DPPH与ABTS自由基清除率为指标评价各提取物的抗氧化活性,并以不同剂量的糙皮侧耳、阿魏侧耳和金顶侧耳水提物灌胃小鼠20 d,测定血清中IL-2、SOD、IFN-γ及GSH-Px的含量,用以评价其免疫功能。结果表明:三种侧耳的不同溶剂的提取物均有清除DPPH自由基能力并在一定范围内呈现量效关系;糙皮侧耳、阿魏侧耳与金顶侧耳的乙酸乙酯提取物对DPPH自由基清除能力最强,且清除DPPH自由基的IC50值分别为0.19 mg/mL、0.21 mg/mL和0.17 mg/mL;同样糙皮侧耳、阿魏侧耳与金顶侧耳的乙酸乙酯提取物对ABTS自由基清除能力最强,对ABTS自由基清除率分别为56.32%、55.73%和65.27%;三种侧耳不同浓度给药小鼠血清中IL-2、SOD、IFN-γ及GSH-Px的含量均有显著性增加,均具有良好的免疫调节作用。 相似文献
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安络小皮伞,属担子菌纲、伞菌目、白蘑科、小皮伞属,学名Marasmius rosaceus,子实体群生或散生,菌盖膜质,质韧,宽0.5～1.5cm,初近半球形后平展,中间脐状突起,有放射状条纹,灰褐、红褐至茶褐色;菌褶直生,不等型;菌柄中生,光滑无毛,脆骨质,黑褐色,柄长0.3～0.4cm,粗0.5～1mm;根状菌索发达;孢子卵形,无色透明。民间用于治疗跌打损伤。1976年我所从广东省微生物所引进此菌种,与上海中药三厂及有关医院协作,进行固体培养、制剂及动物、临床试验,并通过鉴定投产。现将固体培养菌丝的研究结果报告如下: (一)含水量对菌丝生长的影响:采用甘蔗渣麦麸(蔗渣78％、麸皮20％、蔗糖和石膏粉各1％)和木屑、麦麸(木屑78％、麸皮20％、蔗糖和石膏各1％) 相似文献
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探讨大马勃子实体、菌丝体、发酵液不同提取物的抗炎、镇痛以及体外抑菌活性，为大马勃的进一步开发利用提供基础研究。实验结果显示，大马勃各部分提取物均能明显抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀度和对醋酸诱发的小鼠扭体反应，其中大马勃发酵液抗炎镇痛效果最佳，抑制率最高，分别为42．9％和43．69％；同时各种提取物均有不同程度的抑制作用，并且MIC最小值为3．15mg·mL-1。结果表明大马勃子实体及液体发酵代谢产物具有明显的抗炎、镇痛及抑菌作用，本着合理利用资源，走工业化生产道路，可利用发酵代谢产物来代替大马勃子实体的相关临床作用。 相似文献
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本实验对柠檬黄蜡伞子实体的石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水相的抑菌活性进行了初步研究,并利用GC-MS对石油醚相成分进行了分析。结果表明,石油醚和乙酸乙酯相提取物对沙门氏菌、链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌均有抑制作用,乙酸乙酯提取物的抑菌作用大于石油醚提取物的抑菌作用。浓度为50 mg.mL-1时,乙酸乙酯层提取物抑菌率最高,针对以上4种细菌抑菌率分别为55.08%、42.97%、61.10%和50.08%,MIC值均为3.125 mg.mL-1。经GC-MS联用仪从石油醚萃取物中鉴定出5个化合物。 相似文献
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通过戊巴比妥钠睡眠试验和免疫作用试验(迟发型超敏反应和碳粒廓清),研究蜜环菌提取物对试验小鼠睡眠改善影响和免疫调节作用。睡眠试验结果表明蜜环菌提取物,对增加戊巴比妥钠诱导睡眠时间有正相关作用,小鼠入睡率也有明显提升,还可以巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期有较为明显的降低,说明蜜环菌提取物对于改善小鼠睡眠起到了积极作用。免疫试验结果表明蜜环菌提取物可以加大迟发型超敏反应,在碳粒廓清试验中,同样可以让小鼠关键免疫细胞参数上升,可以说明蜜环菌提取物也提高了小鼠的免疫调节作用。 相似文献
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AIM：To explore the analgesic effect of active component from cobra venom in Wannan area. METHODS：The active component was purified from crude venom of cobra by cation-exchange chromatography and size-exclusion chromatography. The purity and molecular weight of the active component were determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and capillary zone electrophoresis. The analgesic activity was analyzed by hot-plate test and acetic acid writhing test. Normal saline and morphine were used as controls. RESULTS：A single active component was obtained from crude cobra venom. The molecular weight was about 6 500 D. The analgesic effect of the active component persisted from 0.5 h to 8 h after hot-plate test. With intraperitoneal injection of the active component at doses of 0.03 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg and 0.3 mg/kg in mice, the writhing inhibition rates were 27%, 50% and 70%, respectively. No statistical difference between 0.3 mg/kg group and morphine group was observed. CONCLUSION：The active component from crude cobra venom has a dose-dependent analgesic effect. 相似文献
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采用水提法获得木耳(Auricularia auricula)提取物和余渣,并借助中药清肺润肺小鼠模型研究它们的止咳化痰功效。结果表明:提取物和余渣得率分别为12.3%和71.6%;3 min内提取物高剂量组(200mg/kg·d)咳嗽次数为(7.67±3.28),余渣高剂量组咳嗽次数为(7.75±3.28),两者与空白对照组咳嗽次数(21.25±3.37)之间均存在极显著性差异(P0.01),说明提取物和余渣都有显著的止咳作用;虽然提取物和余渣的小鼠酚红排泌量增加幅度均高于阳性对照组,但仅余渣高剂量组与阳性对照组之间存在显著性差异(P0.05),说明余渣化痰效果优于提取物。 相似文献
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YANG Yan-jing LI Xiao-jun LIU Li-wei GUO Qiang LI Yu-sang Feng Li-jing TANG He-bin 《园艺学报》2014,30(7):1214-1217
AIM：To investigate the effect of injection stauntoniae (IS) on inflammatory pain responses in mice. METHODS：The carrageenan test was used to determine the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of IS. Except for control group, the mice in other groups received an injection of λ-carrageenan solution (1%, 50 μL) into the plantar region of the left hind paws, followed by a subcutaneous injection of IS at doses of 12.5%, 50% and 100% or equal volume of 0.9% NaCl. Both paw edema and hyperalgesia to thermal stimulation were measured 4 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after the injection of λ-carrageenan solution. The lumbar-5 (L5) dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) of the mice were taken to investigate the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS：Subcutaneous injection of IS potently inhibited paw edema and hyperalgesia induced by λ-carrageenan in the mice accompanied with the inhibition of COX-2 protein expression in L5 DRGs. CONCLUSION：IS exerts the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on the inflammatory responses by inhibiting the protein expression of COX-2 in DRGs. 相似文献
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AIM:To observe the synergetic analgesic effects of low dose of haloperidol, a dopamine antagonist and under-threshold dose of morphine on mice induced by thermal and acetic acid, and to analyze the major mechanism of their synergetic actions. METHODS:To examine the analgesic synergetic effect of haloperidol (0.315 mg/kg, 0.625 mg/kg, 1.25 mg/kg, ip respectively), morphine (3.125 mg/kg, 6.25 mg/kg, 12.5 mg/kg ip, respectively) or combining effect of haloperidol (0.3125 mg/kg) with morphine (3.125 mg/kg) on mice, we compared the change of pain threshold stimulated by thermal, latent period of twisting, the number of times of twisting by acetic acid, and we also estimated the antagonistic effect of d-amphetamine (10 mg/kg) and naloxone (5 mg/kg) on haloperidol and morphine group. RESULTS:Combination of haloperidol with morphine significantly enhanced pain threshold of mice induced by thermal,prolonged latent period of twisting and decreased the number of times of twisting.Naloxone markedly antagonized the combination of analgesic action of haloperidol and morphine and not d-amphetamine.CONCLUSION:Combination of haloperidol with morphine have synergetic analgesic effect and morphine is the dominant factor. 相似文献
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AIM: To investigate the effect of brain tissue extract of hypoxia-preconditioned mice (HP extract) on tolerance of PC12 cells to hypoxia. METHODS: The mice model of acute repetitive hypoxia was reproduced and brain tissue extracts were prepared. HP extract was added into the cultures of PC12 cells and the final concentrations of HP extracts were 0.2, 0.8, 3.2, 6.4 or 12.8 g/L (HP group), respectively. Brain tissue extract of normal mice (N extract) at the same five concentrations were used as controls (N group). The PC12 cells were cultured in hypoxia (2% O2). After hypoxia for 24 h, 48 h or 72 h, colorimetric method (A570) of tetrazolium salt MTT (3-［4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl］-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromid) staining was adopted to determine the cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release percentage assay was also conducted after 24 h, 48 h or 72 h hypoxia. Besides, apoptotic percentages at early stage (24 h hypoxia) and late stage (72 h hypoxia) were detected respectively by means of annexin V-FITC/PI double-stained flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 stained fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS: HP extract at the concentrations lower than 6.4 g/L (including 6.4 g/L) showed protective effect on PC12 cells in early stage of hypoxia (24 h). A570 values in HP group were significantly higher than those in N group, but LDH release percentages were significantly lower than those in N group after 24 h hypoxia. With hypoxia prolonging, HP extract at high concentrations gradually lost the protective effect. At the time point of 72 h hypoxia, HP extract at concentrations higher than 6.4 g/L (including 6.4 g/L) had pro-apoptotic effect. At this time point, A570 values of HP groups at these concentrations were significantly lower than those in the corresponding N group, both LDH release percentages and apoptotic percentages were significantly higher than those in the N group. CONCLUSION: The effects of HP extract on tolerance of PC12 cells to hypoxia depend on its concentrations and on the time of treatment. 相似文献
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AIM: To study the protective effect of aqueous extract of 2-branched and 3-branched velvet antler on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. METHODS:The mouse model of renal injury was induced by intragastric administration of CDDP at the dose of 15 mg/kg. After treatment, kidney index (KI), serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the kidney were determined. The renal pathological changes were observed with HE staining. RESULTS: Aqueous extract of velvet antler at the tested dose markedly decreased BUN, SCr and the content of MDA, and elevated the activity of SOD and GSH-Px in the mice pretreated with CDDP (P<0.05). The pathological changes of the renal tissues were improved obviously, and the injury of the epithelial cells of renal tubules was mitigated. The effect of the aqueous extract of 2-branched velvet antler on renal function and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was better than that of 3-branched one at the same concentration. CONCLUSION: The aqueous extract of 2-branched and 3-branched velvet antler has a certain protective effect on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, which may be associated with increasing the anti-oxidative capability of mouse renal tissue. 相似文献