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濒危植物沙冬青人工种群建立技术 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
建立人工种群是保护荒漠珍惜濒危植物沙冬青、扩大沙冬青种质资源、建立种质基因库的根本途径。播种苗移植造林和直播造林是建立沙冬青人工种群的2种途径。在干旱沙区,如何提高移栽成活率是沙冬青移植造林中最大的技术难题,而直播造林往往受到土壤水分条件的限制。试验从两条途径入手,通过田间对比试验,探试了不同浓度的ABT生根粉(3号)、苗木截体处理和苗龄对沙冬青苗木移植成活率及其生长状况的影响,试验总结了在年降水量小于150mm的干旱沙区进行沙冬青大田育苗的各个技术环节,同时对沙冬青直播造林中种子处理、馅播技术和人工种群的抚育管理也进行了一定的试验和探讨。 相似文献
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沙冬青的生物学特性及开发利用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
沙冬青(Ammopiptanthusmongolicus),豆科沙冬青属,是古地中海的于遗植物种,也是阿拉善戈壁荒漠的特有种,荒漠地区唯一的强旱生常绿灌木。内蒙古自治区一级重点保护植物,国家三级濒危种。我们对该种的特性进行了初步研究。1沙冬青的生物学特性1·1根与茎生长量的关系实验方法:将沙冬青的种子移入2000mL量简中培养。量筒中放入34109干沙,注入293mL水,这时沙土含水量达8%.从8月1日移入,直到实验结束不再浇水。观察发现,根约长到6~8Cm时,地上部分开始较快地生长。从8月3日~6日,地上部分平均每天生长近Icm。6日以后茎生长变… 相似文献
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[目的 ]水分是限制干旱区植物生长与生存的重要因素,为探明降水变化对荒漠植物化学计量特征的影响,以及C、N、P和K元素在植物各器官中的分配规律。[方法 ]以国家二级重点保护的珍稀濒危植物且是荒漠区唯一常绿阔叶灌木沙冬青为研究对象,分析沿自然降雨梯度下,沙冬青根-茎-叶的元素含量及其化学计量比的变化特征,了解其生长的适应机制和生存策略。[结果 ]沙冬青各器官C含量表现为叶>茎>根,而N、P、K营养元素含量均表现为叶>根>茎,N、P、K三大营养元素在叶片中的富集,可以提高沙冬青光合速率,为植物的生长与繁殖提供充分的物质保障,反映了资源分配模式和植物生长策略。沿自然降雨梯度,沙冬青的根、茎、叶之间主要表现为协同关系且存在着同时投资的生态策略,N和P含量在各器官中均随着降雨量的增加呈上升趋势,而K均呈下降趋势,沙冬青通过提高各器官K含量和降低N、P含量来应对干旱胁迫的环境。器官间的养分协同性远高于器官内部,各器官中的N:P在不同降雨梯度间相对比较稳定,说明沙冬青以保守的养分利用方式抵消元素含量随环境的变化,且N:P比值均大于16则生长主要受P限制。[结论 ]各器官N、P... 相似文献
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从叶片处理、林分郁闭度、移栽时间3个方面,探讨了擎天树(Parashorea chinensis)裸根幼苗移栽成活的影响因素,并进一步研究了移栽后苗木生长量与郁闭度、移栽时间的关系。结果表明,不同处理方法对擎天树幼苗的移栽成活率和生长的影响存在显著差异。剪切50%叶面积的幼苗成活率显著高于不剪切的;郁闭度为0.4的林下移栽,擎天树幼苗成活率最高,生长量指标也最好;5月移栽的幼苗成活率最高,但3月移栽的幼苗苗高和根系生长最好。通过叶片剪切、林分郁闭度、移栽时间处理,有效调控适宜擎天树苗木移栽和生长的水分、温度和光照。 相似文献
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邱进清 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,(2)
对杉木无性系扦插繁殖的生根及生长能力与扦插基质、原株年龄、采穗部位、穗条长度、扦插深度和时间等相关因素进行研究,结果表明,在不同杉木无性系之间,扦插生根及生长能力存在极显著差异.扦插基质、原株年龄、采穗部位和穗长、扦插深度和时间,对杉木扦插成活有显著或极显著的影响:①蛭石插床有利于插穗生根,但苗高生长以混合土为基质的插床为好;②无性系的生根能力、苗高和根径的生长量与原株年龄的关系表现为1年生>3~5年生>15~20年生;③根径处插穗的生根率、侧根生长量及苗高,分别比苗高1/3处的插穗大11.8%~18.6%,3.4%~9.8%和14.7%~25.7%;④穗长以10~12cm为宜,扦插深度为穗长1/2为好,扦插时间选择在12月份为佳. 相似文献
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全光照自动喷雾条件下毛红椿嫩枝扦插正交试验分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在全光照自动喷雾条件下通过正交实验L9(34),2013年4~6月研究插穗粗度、插穗长度、激素处理时间和基质4个因素对1年生毛红椿嫩枝扦插的影响。结果表明,毛红椿嫩枝扦插生根均属皮部生根型,不同处理对嫩枝扦插生根、苗木生长均有显著影响,各因素对发根数量影响大小依次为插穗粗度〉插穗长度〉激素处理时间〉基质,对最长根长度、生根率、根系效果指数的主次效应均是基质〉插穗粗度〉插穗长度〉激素处理时间,插穗粗度是扦插发根数量的决定因素,基质对扦插生根起重要的主导作用。本次扦插最佳组合为:插穗粗度0.31~0.4 cm、长度4.1~6 cm、300倍根太阳生根剂浸泡5 s、膨化蛭石+泥炭土3∶1基质,扦插生根成活率高达95.1%,将有利于毛红椿嫩技扦插的规模化设施育苗。 相似文献
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Root morphology, biomass, and (14)C distribution were studied in two 2-year-old Populus trichocarpa x P. deltoides hybrids, which originated from hardwood cuttings, to determine the pattern of root distribution in a plantation and to refine methods for root recovery. The trees were labeled with (14)CO(2) and harvested after a 72-hour chase period. Roots attached to each labeled tree were analyzed for morphological traits at the time of harvest. Detached roots from within a 1-m(3) volume of soil surrounding each tree were separated from the soil and sorted on the basis of rooting depth and root diameter. Lateral roots > 2 mm in diameter had a largely horizontal orientation at their point of origin from the cutting and extended horizontally up to 4 m from the cutting. This resulted in considerable overlap of root systems in the plantation. Results from (14)C labeling indicated that 24 +/- 4% (+/- SD) of the carbon exported from branches-labeled within two weeks after branch budset-was translocated to the root system. Dilution of the root (14)C label indicated that from 0 (> 5 mm diameter roots) to 75% (< 2 mm diameter roots) of the roots recovered from within the 1-m(3) volume of soil surrounding a harvested tree originated from other trees. Total root biomass was 6 +/- 1 Mg ha(-1) for both hybrids. Sixty percent of the root biomass was recovered directly from excavation, 16% from coarse-sieving excavated soil, and 24% from re-sorting sieved soil. The study indicated that root growth of hybrid poplars may be rapid and extensive and that detailed sorting of soil subsamples substantially improves the recovery of fine roots < 2 mm in diameter. 相似文献
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在昆明大马山树木园进行的云南拟单性木兰5年生苗木不同季节断根处理的苗木根系萌发生长效应的试验结果表明:云南拟单性木兰苗木新根的萌发与断根处理季节的气候因素有较大关系。其新根的萌发时间与温度紧密相关而与湿度关系不大;根系的萌发生长状况与断根季节的温度紧密相关,与降水量和蒸发量有一定关系,而与相对湿度关系不大。断根处理时的温度愈高,苗木新根的萌发时间愈早;断根处理时的温度、降水量愈高,其根系的萌发生长愈好。在滇中地区云南拟单性木兰苗木断根处理的季节宜在春、夏季进行,而不宜在秋季和冬季进行。夏季断根处理后3个月及6个月时其苗木每株有根系115.6根及178.4根,根长≥5 cm的侧根数为39.2根及84.0根,侧根分布土层的深度为26.0 cm及34.6 cm,侧根最长达14.4 cm及25.2 cm。与冬季断根处理后3个月及6个月时的苗木根系相比,新根数多108.0根及126.8根,根长≥5 cm的侧根数多39.2根及73.2根,侧根分布土层的深度多18.0 cm及6.8 cm,最长侧根长度多13.0 cm及15.2 cm。 相似文献
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惠园橄榄扦插繁殖育苗技术的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分年度对惠园橄榄品种扦插繁殖的生根及生长能力与插穗年龄、生根促进剂、扦插时间、扦插基质、插穗长度等相关因素进行研究,结果表明:①扦插后50d开始形成不定根;②插穗年龄、生根促进剂、扦插时间、扦插基质和插穗长度对插穗的生根及生长能力都有显著影响;③选用2年生已充分木质化的枝条作插穗,激素以100×10-6IAA+IBA浸基24h效果最好,基质以细河沙+黄心土(1∶1)为佳,成活率可达89 6%。 相似文献
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Effect of collar insertion on soil respiration in a larch forest measured with a LI-6400 soil CO2 flux system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wen Jie Wang Yuan Gang Zu Hui Mei Wang Takashi Hirano Kentaro Takagi Kaichiro Sasa Takayoshi Koike 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(1):57-60
Little information is available on the effect of root cutting by the collar pre-insertion technique on soil respiration. In this study, we found that soil respiration rates decreased with increasing depth of collar insertion in both the with live roots intact and with live roots severed treatments, but the rate of decrease was substantially higher in the former. The cutting of roots, especially fine roots, may be responsible for this result. 相似文献
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Tian-hu Liu 《林业研究》2011,22(3):487-490
Winter bamboo shoots are widely used in Asian cuisine. We surveyed growth depth (tail depth and root depth), harvest speed, and harvest processes to provide information for developing new harvest technology. The tail depth of most winter bamboo shoots was 100 350 mm below the soil surface, and the root depth was 200 500 mm below the soil surface. Most winter bamboo shoots were difficult to locate with only the naked eye. The digging depth was 200 500 mm to cut winter bamboo shoots from the root. The highest harvest rate was 7.75 times faster than the slowest one and the average harvest speed ratio of men: women was about 1.71:1. The harvest process of winter bamboo shoots was divisible into three steps: searching, digging a hole (around the shoot) and cutting the root. The ratio of searching time to the sum of digging and cutting time was about 8:1, showing that searching required more time than digging and cutting together. 相似文献