共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 158 毫秒
1.
软木是从栓皮树上采剥的树皮,是一种天然可再生的生物质材料。通过对软木的动态黏弹性进行研究,可以揭示许多关于软木材料结构和分子运动的相关信息。本试验主要运用动态力学分析技术研究了栓皮栎软木的动态黏弹性,并和国外栓皮槠软木进行了对比。结果表明:在不同测试频率条件下,再生栓皮栎软木的储能模量(E~')均随温度升高而呈现降低趋势,损耗因子(tanδ)曲线主要出现了3个明显的损耗峰,对应的3个损耗过程分别由软木脂无定形区发生玻璃化转变、软木中有关成分发生熔融和吸着水的损失、纤维素和半纤维素发生热软化或降解所引起。再生栓皮栎软木分别沿轴向、径向和弦向进行拉伸测试时,E~'、损耗模量(E~″)和tanδ曲线的变化趋势基本一致,但在相同测试温度下,E~'和E~″在3个方向存在明显差异。在本试验条件下,栓皮栎和栓皮槠软木存在不同温度的损耗峰,主要表现为初生和再生栓皮栎软木的tanδ曲线分别在-10和-19℃出现一个损耗峰,而再生栓皮槠软木对应的损耗峰出现在14℃。 相似文献
2.
<正> 栓皮槠又称欧州栓皮槠(Quercus Suber L.),几个世纪以来,栓皮槠成为有较大价值的商品树种且在逐渐发展,其树皮是丰富优质的栓皮--软木原料,结的果实橡子可加工成上好的饲料和他副其产品。近年来,人们把它植于公园、街道、村庄当遮荫树与风景树来观赏。栓皮槠属常绿乔木,皮厚果丰,冠大干矮,修枝后萌发力强,也可随意造形。厚绿的叶片,伸着宛延的树枝,体形多姿异态,色泽飘逸,如伞遮盖地面。它适应性强,易于栽植,生长较快。美国政府与林木私人种植者为它的发展做了不懈地努力,除取得了栓皮、橡子的商品巨额利润外,尚获得了绿荫和美的享受。故此,目前乃至将来它会得到人们的青睐和喜爱。 相似文献
3.
4.
以百林软木制品有限公司提供的阿尔及利亚栓皮槠(Quercus suber)软木及天然红酒塞为原料,对其细胞结构和化学成分进行研究,为红酒塞中的2, 4, 6-三氯苯甲醚(TCA)去除提供一定的指导作用。使用场发射扫描电镜观察软木的微观形态;分析栓皮槠软木的化学成分。结果表明:栓皮槠软木细胞是排列紧密的薄壁细胞,无细胞间隙。横切面和径切面成行排列,类似砖墙状;弦切面上呈现蜂窝状;软木细胞部分细胞壁上有明显褶皱,可能对TCA的去除有一定的影响。软木的各种化学成分含量为:灰分0.52%,抽提物总量13.28%,木栓脂43.41%,酸不溶木质素22.98%,纤维素3.40%,半纤维素16.41%。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
开发栎树资源大有可为一妍栎树又名橡树，为壳斗科栎属植物的通称。全世界共有３００种栎树，我国有６０种左右，我区有４种。栎树的经济价值较高。栎木坚重，耐腐性能好，是制作家具、农具、枕木、电杆的好材料。栓皮标等的栓皮，质轻软，有弹性，隔音、隔热、不导电、不... 相似文献
9.
10.
湖北省国外树种引种情况简述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《湖北林业科技》1975,(4)
引种国外优良树种是丰富本地区森林资源的一项重要措施.我省(主要是在武汉地区)引种国外树种已有四、五十年历史,引种的树种达六十余种.这些树种有的已经引种成功,如英桐、加杨、池柏、湿地松、火炬松、刺槐、油橄榄、栓皮槠、美国山核桃、紫穗槐等,早已进行推广栽培或正在推广栽培;有的尚不能肯定引种能否成功,需要继 相似文献
11.
Differences of raw cork quality, in terms of thickness and porosity, were observed in productive cork oak (Quercus suber L.) stands in the Nebrodi and Iblei mountains of Sicily in relation to stand density. Five study areas were chosen across a range of different stand density satisfying specific sampling requirements among two managed cork oak woods.Analysis of variance using Fisher–Snedecor‘s F test (p < 0.05) were used to identify statistically significant differences of cork quality and sylvicultural, dendrometric and cork stripping parameters between study areas within each stand. Relationships between cork quality and sylvicultural and dendrometric parameters were also tested using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). Results shown that sylvicultural practices are a key factor influencing cork quality: statistically significant differences in cork thickness and crown area were observed between areas at different stand density; positive correlations were found between cork thickness and crown area in lower density study areas favouring a significant vegetative activity; negative correlations were found between parameters of cork stripping (cork stripping coefficient, cork stripping surface, maximum height of cork stripping) and cork thickness. No correlations were found between cork porosity and dendrometric or sylvicultural parameters, demonstrating the probable genetic origin of cork porosity. Results shown that cork quality parameters and stand attributes may be used in sustainable management models of cork oak forests. 相似文献
12.
New Forests - Cork is a renewable resource mainly produced in Mediterranean countries thanks to sustainable management of cork oak (Quercus suber) stands. The infection caused by the ascomycete... 相似文献
13.
Ring-width series of cork from Quercus suber L. trees growing at two sites in Extremadura (southwestern Spain) were analyzed in relation to monthly precipitation and temperature, and to climatic indices combining both variables. Ring width of cork showed strong positive correlations with precipitation, especially during the fall and winter. Moderately low temperatures were favorable for cork growth, except in winter and during the onset of phellogen activity. We conclude that drought or temperature, or both, can limit cork growth during the annual drought period. 相似文献
14.
15.
Water-use strategies in two co-occurring Mediterranean evergreen oaks: surviving the summer drought 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
David TS Henriques MO Kurz-Besson C Nunes J Valente F Vaz M Pereira JS Siegwolf R Chaves MM Gazarini LC David JS 《Tree physiology》2007,27(6):793-803
In the Mediterranean evergreen oak woodlands of southern Portugal, the main tree species are Quercus ilex ssp. rotundifolia Lam. (holm oak) and Quercus suber L. (cork oak). We studied a savannah-type woodland where these species coexist, with the aim of better understanding the mechanisms of tree adaptation to seasonal drought. In both species, seasonal variations in transpiration and predawn leaf water potential showed a maximum in spring followed by a decline through the rainless summer and a recovery with autumn rainfall. Although the observed decrease in predawn leaf water potential in summer indicates soil water depletion, trees maintained transpiration rates above 0.7 mm day(-1) during the summer drought. By that time, more than 70% of the transpired water was being taken from groundwater sources. The daily fluctuations in soil water content suggest that some root uptake of groundwater was mediated through the upper soil layers by hydraulic lift. During the dry season, Q. ilex maintained higher predawn leaf water potentials, canopy conductances and transpiration rates than Q. suber. The higher water status of Q. ilex was likely associated with their deeper root systems compared with Q. suber. Whole-tree hydraulic conductance and minimum midday leaf water potential were lower in Q. ilex, indicating that Q. ilex was more tolerant to drought than Q. suber. Overall, Q. ilex seemed to have more effective drought avoidance and drought tolerance mechanisms than Q. suber. 相似文献
16.
以厚皮深裂、厚皮浅裂、薄皮深裂与薄皮浅裂4种类型栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis)软木为材料,通过测定皮层厚度、密度、含水率、吸湿率、吸水率、硬度、抗压性和压缩回弹性等主要物理力学参数,对软木特性进行比较分析。结果表明,厚皮浅裂型软木的综合性能较优,皮层厚度为0.34 mm;密度为0.26 g/cm^3;含水率为4.91%;吸湿率为3.69%;吸水率为16.24%;硬度为63.42 HA;抗压指数(纵向为3.29 MPa,横向为2.44 MPa);24 h压缩回弹率(纵向为87.50%,横向为87.20%),更适于栓皮栎的培育及深加工利用。 相似文献
17.
软木是以栓皮栎的栓皮为原料,具有弹性、保温隔热、防滑耐磨、消音减震、安全无毒等特性的一种可再生绿色材料,产品广泛用于国计民生等重要行业和领域。文中介绍了世界软木资源分布情况、软木用途和产业趋势,综述了国内外软木细胞结构、化学成分、工艺与产品研发等概况,在比较欧美各国与我国软木产品标准制定/修订现状的基础上,概述了我国对现行软木纸标准LY/T 1320-2010和软木纸试验方法LY/T 1321-2013的修订研究过程。提出了加强我国软木研发的建议,即紧跟软木脂研究国际前沿,加大软木脂基础与应用技术研究;加强软木行业标准建设,实现软木产品标准国际化、单项化、功能化;加强软木产品开发利用以及软木资源的培育以提升我国软木产品竞争力,促进我国软木行业健康快速高效发展。 相似文献
18.
Quercus variabilis Blume, the Chinese cork oak, is an oak species with a thick cork outer bark. The cork is exploited at a limited scale in China and considered of lower quality than the commercial cork from Quercus suber. We studied an industrial cork granulate feedstock of Q. variabilis in relation to cellular structure and chemical composition and compared it to Q. suber cork under a material’s perspective. The cork of Q.variabilis has 1.1 % ash, 9.6 % extractives, 34.8 % suberin and 19.1 % lignin. The monosaccharide composition with shows a predominance of hemicelluloses: glucose 42.8 % of total neutral sugars, xylose 27.5 %, arabinose 15.4 %, galactose 9.0 %, mannose 4.0 %, rhamnose 1.2 %. The FT-IR spectrum shows the indicative peaks of suberin. The composition is overall similar to that of Q. suber cork. Q. variabilis cork has the typical cellular characteristics of bark cork tissues with a regular and radially aligned structure of cells without intercellular voids. Solid volume fraction was estimated at approximately 16 %. Compared with Q. suber, the Q. variabilis cork cells are smaller, the cell wall undulation and the overall row alignment less homogeneous, the cell surface is irregular and the solid volume proportion higher. The characteristics of Q. variabilis cork support its use as a cellular material for sealing, insulation and energy absorption, but the overall quality is lower than that of Q. suber cork. The negative impact of the higher density and structural lower uniformity at tissue and cell level should be evaluated for processing and product performance. 相似文献