共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
刚采收的猕猴桃硬果不产生乙烯,也无 ACC 氧化酶活性,但有少量 ACC 存在。随着果实的软化,乙烯开始出现并很快达到释放高峰,乙烯的释放与 ACC 氧化酶的活性及 ACC的含量变化一致。用外源乙烯或机械伤处理加速了猕猴桃果实内源乙烯释放的原因,是这些处理促进了 ACC 的合成并增加了 ACC 氧化酶的活性。与冷藏相比,气调贮藏强烈地抑制了ACC 氧化酶的活性和乙烯的释放。浸钙处理对猕猴桃果实的乙烯释放、ACC 氧化酶活性及ACC 含量影响不大,因此浸钙处理后减缓猕猴桃果实软化的作用可能是通过其他途径实现的。 相似文献
2.
1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)合成酶(ACS)是乙烯合成过程中的限速酶,对乙烯的合成具有重要的调控作用:在低氧、高温、激素胁迫等环境及果实成熟过程中ACS基因都会调控ACS表达量的明显变化从而影响乙烯的合成,进而影响植株的生长。对国内外该基因在不同环境下的表达量变化进行综合论述,以期为今后ACS基因的研究提供重要信息和有价值的参考。 相似文献
3.
采用不同浓度乙烯抑制剂氨基乙氧基乙烯甘氨酸(aminoethoxyvinylglycine,AVG)和促进剂1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylic acid,ACC)对盆栽大豆幼苗进行处理,探讨其对光响应曲线、CO2响应曲线等光合特性的影响.结果表明:与对照相比,AVG处理明显提高了大豆幼苗叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度,降低了胞间CO2浓度;明显提高了光饱和点、光饱和光合速率、表观量子效率、CO2饱和点、羧化效率、RuBP最大再生速率,同时,降低了光补偿点和CO2补偿点;此外,AVG处理还提高了大豆幼苗生物量和叶面积,降低了叶片乙烯释放量、叶绿素含量与气孔密度;ACC处理的效果与AVG相反.以上结果表明,外源AVG处理能改善大豆幼苗叶片的光合性能. 相似文献
4.
简要回顾反义 RNA技术的产生与发展 ;并在介绍果实成熟的生理学和分子生物学的基础上 ,着重综述利用反义 RNA技术控制果实成熟 ,包括控制乙烯产生、细胞壁降解、色素生物合成等 3个方面的国内外研究进展 ,并对今后的研究方向进行了初步探讨 . 相似文献
5.
李果实成熟软化过程中生理特性及乙烯合成变化的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以乙烯合成途径为线索,研究李(Prunus domestica L.)果实成熟软化过程中硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、乙烯释放量、氨基环丙烷羧酸(ACC)和丙二酰氨基环丙烷羧酸(MACC)含量以及ACC合成酶(ACS)和ACC氧化酶(ACO)活性等指标的变化,探讨乙烯在李果实成熟软化中的作用。结果表明:李果实成熟软化过程中,硬度和可滴定酸的含量逐渐降低,可溶性固形物含量增加。李果实成熟期的软化启动阶段,乙烯释放量、ACC含量、ACS和ACO活性增强缓慢,此时乙烯释放量也比较低,ACS和ACO的活性都受到一定程度的抑制,在成熟过程中三者高峰值同时出现在软化后期。证明李果实成熟期的软化启动阶段,乙烯并非是软化启动因子,可能还存在其他的启动相关因子。 相似文献
6.
1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)氧化酶是植物乙烯合成的1个关键酶,乙烯作为一种内源激素,对植物生长、老熟过程有多方面的调节作用。根据已报道的各种植物ACC氧化酶氨基酸序列上前后两个保守区设计1对简并引物,以酸橙叶片总RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR扩增到1个834 bp的基因片段。克隆了酸橙1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)氧化酶基因cDNA片段,将片段序列在NCB I网站上进行同源性搜索,显示的皆为不同植物的ACC氧化酶基因,因而认为所克隆的片段就是酸橙ACC氧化酶基因;并运用DNAStar5.0软件进行序列分析,推导的氨基酸序列为278个残基;具有所有植物ACC氧化酶基因共有的保守区域;与多种植物的ACC氧化酶基因的核苷酸和氨基酸序列的同源性都在72%和70%以上。 相似文献
7.
苹果果实发育及成熟软化过程中LOX的活性特点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了脂氧合酶(LOX)在富士苹果果实不同发育时期及采后乙烯调控下的活性变化。结果表明,LOX活性在果实生长发育阶段呈"V"字型变化,在盛花后1月及采收时表现出较高的活性,说明LOX不仅与果实成熟衰老有关,还极有可能在果实的细胞分裂和膨大过程中起重要作用;采后经1-甲基环丙烯(乙烯抑制剂)处理的果实,其LOX活性明显受到抑制;乙烯利处理则促进了LOX活性。相关性分析表明,1-甲基环丙烯、乙烯利、对照果实的LOX活性均与乙烯释放速率呈极显著(P0.01)正相关,即LOX活性受乙烯调控,参与果实成熟软化。 相似文献
8.
番茄采后成熟过程种子和果皮中脱落酸与乙烯代谢的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以番茄中杂101为材料，研究采后果实成熟过程种子和果皮中脱落酸（ABA）含量与乙烯生物合成的关系，以及外源ABA及其生物合成抑制剂（fluridone）处理对果实ABA含量和乙烯释放量的影响。结果表明：采后番茄果实成熟过程中．种子的乙烯释放量、1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）含量和ABA含量均高于同时期果皮；种子和果皮中ABA和ACC含量的峰值都出现在乙烯跃变之前；ACC氧化酶（ACO）活性变化趋势与ABA含量及乙烯释放量的变化趋势相一致；外源ABA处理使果皮和种子中ABA含量显著增加，促进了果实乙烯的生成；fluridone处理则相反。以上证据表明，番茄果实中的ABA通过刺激乙烯的生成促进果实成熟，种子可能通过调控果实内ABA含量和乙烯释放量而影响果实的成熟。 相似文献
9.
【目的】克隆粉蕉1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）氧化酶（ACO）基因（MbACO2）,并进行表达分析,为研究ACO基因家族在香蕉果实发育成熟过程及逆境胁迫过程中的功能作用提供参考依据,也为改良香蕉采后贮藏提供潜在的基因资源。【方法】利用RT-PCR从粉蕉果实克隆MbACO2基因,运用生物信息学软件分析其编码蛋白的理化性质、亲疏水性、保守结构域及二、三级结构。利用农杆菌介导的瞬时转化法进行亚细胞定位,并利用实时荧光定量PCR检测MbACO2基因在果实发育成熟过程及高盐、干旱和低温胁迫处理下的表达情况。【结果】克隆获得的MbACO2基因开放阅读框（ORF）长度为918 bp,编码305个氨基酸残基,其蛋白分子量为34.583 kD,理论等电点（pI）为5.43,属于亲水性蛋白,具有典型的植物ACO蛋白家族的结构特征,含有DIOX_N和2OG-FeⅡ_Oxy 2个保守结构域。MbACO2氨基酸序列与同属的香蕉（Musa acuminata AAA group）ACO氨基酸序列（XP_010908825.1）相似性最高,为98.04%,表明其具有高度的保守性。MbACO2蛋白在细胞核和细胞质中均有表达。随着粉蕉果实发育成熟,MbACO2基因表达量整体呈升高趋势,极显著高于开花后0 d（对照）（P< 0.01,下同）,尤其是在果实采后6 d,其相对表达量达最高值。高盐、干旱和低温胁迫处理下,MbACO2基因的相对表达量较对照（未胁迫处理）显著（P< 0.05）或极显著提高。【结论】MbACO2基因属于ACO基因家族成员,含有该家族的典型结构域,在粉蕉果实发育成熟过程及逆境胁迫的应答中发挥正向调控作用,高盐、干旱和低温胁迫处理均能诱导其上调表达。 相似文献
10.
《山东农业科学》2019,(9):132-138
利用沙土培养法,使用1、3、5、7、10 mg·L~(-1)乙烯利溶液处理花生品种花育22种子,5 d后测量下胚轴长度。结果表明:经乙烯利处理后,花生下胚轴生长受到显著抑制而增粗变短,受抑制程度随乙烯利溶液浓度的提高而增加,3 mg·L~(-1)乙烯利处理的下胚轴长度极显著低于未施加和施加1 mg·L~(-1)乙烯利处理的,因此选用3 mg·L~(-1)乙烯利对诱变筛选得到的165份花生种质进行种子萌发处理,有145份种质表现为下胚轴生长受抑制而增粗变短,属于正常的乙烯敏感型种质;有11份种质下胚轴生长并未受到明显抑制,显著高于同样条件处理下花育22的下胚轴长度,属于乙烯不敏感型种质;有9份种质下胚轴生长受到显著抑制,其下胚轴长度极显著低于同样条件处理下花育22的下胚轴长度,属于乙烯超敏感型种质。使用50μmol·L~(-1) ACC(1-氨基环丙烷羧酸)溶液对筛选获得的11份不敏感种质进行验证处理,其中,9份种质保持了对乙烯不敏感的特点,下胚轴生长仍未受到明显抑制。通过在沙土中添加0.7%NaCl溶液,继续对筛选得到的9份乙烯不敏感型种质进行耐盐筛选,有1份种质表现为下胚轴生长受抑制程度最低,下胚轴长度显著高于同样处理条件下花育22的下胚轴长度,初步确定其为耐盐乙烯不敏感种质。因此,用3 mg·L~(-1)乙烯利溶液预选、50μmol·L~(-1) ACC溶液验证、0.7%NaCl溶液处理,通过评价黑暗条件下沙土培养的花生种子下胚轴长度,可以有效筛选到花生耐盐乙烯不敏感突变体。 相似文献
11.
Kai Liu Yuxiu Ye Cheng Tang Zhiqin Wang Jianchang Yang 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2008,2(2):172-180
The objectives of this study were to investigate ethylene and 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) in rice grains and
root bleeding sap during the grain filling period and their relationship to the grain filling rate. Two high lodging-resistant
rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars were grown in pots or tanks. Three treatments, including well watered (WW), moderate soil-drying (MD) and severe
soil-drying (SD), were conducted from 9 days of post-anthesis until maturity. The effects of chemical regulators on the concentrations
of ethylene and ACC in the grains were also studied. The results show that MD significantly increased the grainfilling rate
and grain weight, whereas SD significantly reduced the grain-filling rate and grain weight. Concentrations of ethylene and
ACC in the grains were very high at the early grain filling stage and then sharply decreased during the linear period of grain
growth. MD reduced the ACC concentrations and ethylene evolution rate, whereas SD remarkably increased the ACC concentrations
and ethylene evolution rate. Both the ethylene evolution rate in rice grains and the ACC concentrations in the root-bleeding
sap were significantly and positively correlated with the ACC concentrations in rice grains. The ethylene evolution rate was
significantly and negatively correlated with the grain-filling rate. The application of amino-ethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an
inhibitor of ethylene synthesis, at 9–13 days of postanthesis significantly reduced the ACC concentrations and ethylene evolution
rate of grains, but significantly enhanced the activities of sucrose synthase, ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase and soluble starch
synthase. The results were reversed when ethephon, an ethylenereleasing agent, was applied. The results suggest that moderate
soil drying during the grain-filling period in rice could inhibit the production of ethylene and ACC and therefore accelerate
grain filling and increase grain weight.
__________
Translated from Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2007, 33(4): 539–546 [译自: 作物学报] 相似文献
12.
对番茄采后各后熟生理时期的 ACC,乙烯水平及 EFE 酶活性变化以及与之相应的细胞超微结构进行了观察。乙烯产量从绿熟期到转红期没有明显变化,且水平相对较低。同时这几个时期的 ACC 水平也较一致。进入粉红期乙烯产量迅速上升并达到高峰,这时 ACC 水平降至最低点。高峰过后的全红期,过熟期乙烯水平迅速下降,而这时 ACC 水平逐渐上升至最高水平。EFE 酶活性在乙烯高峰前逐渐上升到最大值,高峰过后活性骤然降低直至失去活性。通过电镜观察,采后番茄果实细胞结构的最大变化在于乙烯高峰过后细胞壁的解体和质壁分离。在整个后热过程中,细胞膜结构、各细胞器依然完好,由于 ACC 的大量积累和乙烯水平下降与 EFE 活性有关,从而推断 EFE 酶的活性及作用不仅与膜结构有关而且同与膜有密切联系的细胞壁有关。 相似文献
13.
《农业科学学报》2017,(7)
This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for adopting suitable cultivation measures to tackle calcium(Ca) deficiency in citrus leaves. The Newhall navel orange(Citrus sinensis Osbeck) canopy was sprayed with 20.0 mmol L~(-1) of Ca(NO_3)_2 during physiological fruit drop period, fruit expanding period, and fruit maturing period on 30, 90, and 210 days after full bloom(DAFB), respectively, and its effects on leaf gas exchange parameters and leaf mineral nutrition and fruit quality were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) The photosynthetic rate(ACO_2) at 9:00 a.m. and 16:00 p.m. of fruit expanding period with 30 and 90 DAFB Ca(NO_3)_2 treatments slightly or significantly improved mainly by decreasing stomatal limitation and nonstomatal limitation, respectively.(2) Compared with control(CK), the Ca concentration in leaves with 30, 90, and 240 DAFB Ca(NO_3)_2 treatments increased by 127.16, 97.53, and 33.33%, respectively, and the leaf magnesium concentration also increased by more than 32.26%. However, Ca(NO_3)_2 canopy spraying on 30 DAFB significantly reduced the leaf potassium concentration, by 22.14% compared with CK.(3) Ca(NO_3)_2 canopy spraying on 30 DAFB decreased the second fruit drop rate by 30.55% and increased the weight per fruit by 25.04%, thus resulting in a significant increase in citrus yield.(4) Spraying Ca(NO3) on 30 DAFB mainly affected the metabolism of titratable acid(TA) to improve the maturity of citrus fruits. Whilst it improved the external quality and the coloring of citrus fruit significantly. Therefore, Ca(NO_3)_2 canopy spraying during physiological fruit drop period has a better influence on the tree character and fruit quality of Newhall navel orange(Citrus sinensis Osbeck). 相似文献
14.
Red Fuji apple (Malus domestica Borkh var. Red Fuji) fruits were used to study the effect of 1-MCP on ethylene biosynthesis metabolism during storage. The results showed that 1-MCP maintained the firmness and inhibited the respiration rate, LOX activity and ethylene production rate of fruits. Further study indicated that 1-MCP inhibited ACS (ACC synthase) activity from the 15th day, increased ACC accumulation,and delayed the appearance of ACO (ACC oxidase) activity peak. The increase of protein kinase activity was also inhibited by 1-MCP during fruit ethylene climacteric time. 相似文献
15.
Ethylene and Spermidine in Wheat Grains in Relation to Starch Content and Granule Size Distribution Under Water Deficit 
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下载免费PDF全文 YANG Wei-bing LI Yong YIN Yan-ping JIANG Wen-wen PENG Dian-liang CUI Zheng-yong YANG Dong-qing WANG Zhen-lin 《农业科学学报》2014,13(10):2141-2153
Two wheat cultivars （Triticum aestivum L.） were used to evaluate the effects ofpost-anthesis severe water deficit （SD） on starch content and granule size distribution and their relations with ethylene and spermidine （Spd）. Comparison to the well-watered （WW） treatment, SD led to lower Spd and higher 1-aminocylopropane-l-carboxylic acid （ACC） concentrations and ethylene evolution rate （EER） in grains at the critical stage of forming starch granules. Application of Spd or aminoethoxyvinylglycine （AVG） significantly reduced ACC concentration and EER and increased Spd concentration, while ethephon or methylglyoxal-bis （MGBG） had an opposite impact. The volume and surface area distribution of starch granules showed a bimodal curve, while the number distribution exhibited a unimodal curve. SD caused a marked drop in grain weight, grain number and starch content, also led to a significant reduction in the proportion （both by volume and by surface area） of B-type starch granules （〈10 Ixm）, with an increase in those of A-type starch granules （〉10 ~tm）. Application of Spd or AVG increased the proportion （both by volume and by surface area） of B-type starch granules under SD. Correlation analysis suggested that ethylene and Spd showed an antagonism relation in the formation of B-type granules. These results suggested that it would be good for the formation of B-type starch granules to have the physiological traits of higher Spd and lower ACC concentrations and ethylene emission under SD. 相似文献
16.
1-MCP对苹果果实贮藏期间乙烯合成代谢的影响 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
以红富士(MalusdomesticaBorkhvar.RedFuji)苹果果实为试材,研究了1-MCP(1-methylcyclopropene,1-甲基环丙烯)对果实贮藏期间乙烯生物合成代谢过程的影响。结果表明,1-MCP维持果实硬度、降低果实的呼吸速率、脂氧合酶活性和乙烯的释放。进一步研究表明,1-MCP处理抑制果实贮藏15d后体内ACS活性,增加ACC含量的积累,延迟ACO活性高峰的出现,并抑制果实乙烯跃变期间蛋白激酶活性的升高。 相似文献