共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 531 毫秒
1.
To have a preliminary insight into biosafety of genetically transformed hybrid triploid poplars (Populus tomentosa × P. bolleana) × P. tomentosa with the cowpea trypsin inhibitor (CpTI) gene, two layers of rhizospheric soil (from 0 to 20 cm deep and from 20 to 40 cm deep, respectively) were collected for
microorganism culture, counting assay and PCR analysis to assess the potential impact of transgenic poplars on non-target
microorganism population and transgene dispersal. When the same soil layer of suspension stock solution was diluted at both
1:1 000 and 1:10 000 rates, there were no significant differences in bacterium colony numbers between the inoculation plates
of both transgenic and non-transgenic poplars. The uniform results were revealed for both soil layer suspension solutions
of identical poplars at both dilution rates except for non-transgenic poplars at 1:10000 dilution rates from the same type
of soil. No significant variation in morphology of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was observed under the microscope.
The potential transgene dispersal from root exudates or fallen leaves to non-target microbes was repudiated by PCR analysis,
in which no CpTI gene specific DNA band was amplified for 15 sites of transgenic rhizospheric soil samples. It can be concluded that transgenic
poplar with the CpTI gene has no severe impact on rhizospheric microorganisms and is tentatively safe to surrounding soil micro-ecosystem.
[Supported by the National Project in Transgenic Plant and Application (Grant No. J2002-2003)] 相似文献
2.
The putative transgenic hybrid triploid poplars [(P. tomentosa × P. bolleana) × P. tomentosa] with CpTI gene have been outplanted in test field for 2 years. Although the authors’ previous studies have proved that they are highly resistant to 3 species of poplar-threatening insect pests and contain high content of CpTI protein in foliage, incorporation status of foreign CpTI gene in poplar genome is uncertain. In this present study, the incorporation of foreign CpTI gene in genome of 5 transgenic poplars was confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting analysis. DNA amplification showed that there were clear DNA bands of about 450bp specific to CpTI gene in transgenic lanes, while no corresponding band in non-transgenic lane was observed. Correspondingly, clear DNA hybridization signals and no signal were exhibited on film for DNA Southern blotting analysis in transgenic lanes and non-transgenic lane, respectively, which further confirmed the stable integration of foreign CpTI gene in genome of 2-year-old transgenic poplar. 相似文献
3.
《Forest Ecology and Management》2005,217(1):95-102
Ecological risk analysis for transgenic conifers is more complex compared to transgenic food crops. With added age and size, greater quantities of seed and pollen travel even farther via long-distance dispersal. Perennial reproduction in conifers means that the same plant disperses annually for one or more decades prior to harvest. Although complex, gene flow in transgenic trees will have adverse consequences only if the following conditions are met: (1) the inserted gene or DNA construct itself inflicts harm or (2) the DNA insertion event causes unintended or secondary effects on fitness traits. Here, transgene seed escape into less managed ecosystems was modeled across 5 and 50 generations using Pinus taeda, an indigenous US timber commodity species. The inserted DNA construct itself was assumed to exert no direct effects on fitness but rather caused secondary or unintended effects on one or more fitness traits. The deterministic population genetics model, based on one or two fitness components, predicted the transgene allele frequency for a single colony of escaped transgenic seedlings through time. The first scenario modeled commercial transgenic plantations. A transgene allele escaping from a 100-ha plantation spread rapidly through time even if it exerted slight, unintended secondary effects on viability and fecundity. The second scenario modeled the case of a 10-ha field trial surrounded by non-transgenic or wild-type forests. Here, transgene spread was slowed by dilution from non-transgenic sources. 相似文献
4.
Toru Taniguchi Ken-ichi Konagaya Manabu Kurita Naoki Takata Katsuaki Ishii Teiji Kondo Fumiaki Funahashi Seiichi Ohta Tomomi Kaku Kei’ichi Baba Rumi Kaida Takahisa Hayashi 《Journal of Wood Science》2012,58(6):550-556
Xyloglucan is thought to be a key hemicellulose cross-linking adjacent cellulose microfibrils in plant cell walls. The growth traits of transgenic poplars (Populus alba) with decreased xyloglucan from overexpression of Aspergillus aculeatus xyloglucanase were characterized during a 4-year field trial. The field-trial site consisted of two blocks, a fertile soil block and a non-fertile soil block, determined by soil analysis. In the fertile block, the growth of aboveground biomass of the transgenic poplars was reduced to 24?C44?% compared to that of wild-type poplars, in contrast to the growth seen in chamber and greenhouse conditions. In the non-fertile block, the aboveground biomass of transgenic poplars was also smaller than that of the wild-type poplars. Because poplars reproduce asexually by root suckers, we also compared the formation of root suckers from transgenic and wild-type poplars. Root suckers formed less frequently from transgenic poplars than from wild-type poplars. The growth rates of root suckers from transgenic poplars were also slower than those from wild-type poplars. The results showed that constitutive degradation of xyloglucan impairs poplar growth and vegetative reproduction ability. 相似文献
5.
对转豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因的三倍体毛白杨杂种 [(毛新杨×毛白杨 )×毛白杨 ]的可溶性总蛋白和胰蛋白酶抑制剂蛋白的含量进行测定 .结果发现 ,与未转基因植株相比 ,所有供试转基因株系叶片中的总可溶性蛋白含量明显增加 ,但老叶的含量高于嫩叶 ,这表明转基因株系可溶性总蛋白含量增加可能是CpTI基因表达的结果或由于外源基因导入后引起杨树基因组中某些自身基因的表达所致 .转基因株系叶片中有较高含量CpTI,而对照叶片则检测不到CpTI,这进一步证实了CpTI基因已在转基因株系中得到稳定表达 .进一步比较发现 ,在供试的 5个无性系中 ,TG0 7、TG0 4和TG71在总蛋白含量和CpTI含量增加较为明显 .另外 ,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳胶分析发现 ,与未转基因植株相比 ,在所有供试转基因株系叶片中均出现一条分子量为 11.3kD的清晰蛋白带 相似文献
6.
Tomomi Kaku Kei’ichi Baba Toru Taniguchi Manabu Kurita Ken-ichi Konagaya Katsuaki Ishii Teiji Kondo Satoshi Serada Haruka Iizuka Rumi Kaida Teruaki Taji Yoichi Sakata Takahisa Hayashi 《Journal of Wood Science》2012,58(4):281-289
The transgenic expression of Aspergillus xyloglucanase cDNA (AaXEG2) with 35S promoter in the leaves of open field-grown poplars was studied. The level of xyloglucan in the transgenic poplars was decreased to 15–16% in the non-fertile soil (forest-field soil) and to 21–22% in the fertile soil (farming-field soil) compared with that of the wild-type poplars. The leaves exhibited a smaller surface area with more rounded teeth than those of the wild-type plants, similar to the sun leaf variety that was grown in the incubation room and subsequently greenhoused. The majority of total veins with water-conducting vascular bundles were shorter in the leaves of the transgenic poplars than those of the wild type. This decrease in vein length may result from a decrease in xyloglucan during leaf development, from which large numbers of proteins were markedly downregulated in the leaves of the transgenic plants via proteomic analysis. It seems likely that the leaves of the transgenic poplars came to relax the edges of their tooth rather than extend their veins as a result of the loosening of the xyloglucan cellulose networks in the leaves. 相似文献
7.
Zhang Qian Lin Shanzhi Lin Yuanzhen Zhang Zhiyi Liu Haijun Zou Yening Wang Zeliang College of Biological Sciences Biotechnology Beijing Forestry University Beijing P. R. China College of Resources Environment Beijing Forestry University Beijing P. R. China 《中国林学(英文版)》2004,6(3)
The putative transgenic hybrid triploid poplars [(P. tomentosa P. bolleana) P. tomentosa] with CpTI gene have been outplanted in test field for 2 years. Although the authors previous studies have proved that they are highly resistant to 3 species of poplar-threatening insect pests and contain high content of CpTI protein in foliage, incorporation status of foreign CpTI gene in poplar genome is uncertain. In this present study, the incorporation of foreign CpTI gene in genome of 5 transgenic poplars was confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting analysis. DNA amplification showed that there were clear DNA bands of about 450bp specific to CpTI gene in transgenic lanes, while no corresponding band in non-transgenic lane was observed. Correspondingly, clear DNA hybridization signals and no signal were exhibited on film for DNA Southern blotting analysis in transgenic lanes and non-transgenic lane, respectively, which further confirmed the stable integration of foreign CpTI gene in genome of 2-year-old transgenic poplar. 相似文献
8.
Based on the plant regeneration system, a GUS gene transformation system to Idaho locust (Robinia pseudoacacia ‘Idaho’) mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens was established. The successful transformation was confirmed by regenerating the shoots from the infected leaves in the presence of hygromysin; by histochemical X-gluc assays of β-glucuronidase (GUS) and by PCR and PCR-Southern blotting analysis. The ratio of positive transgenic plants is 5.8% (5 out of 86 plants). With this system, the target gene DREB was introduced into the leaves of Idaho locust. The transgenic plants regenerated, which was verified by PCR-Southern blot-ting. It is suggested that the transformation system could be a new, simple, reliable and practical route to gene transformation of R. pseudoacacia ‘Idaho’ mediated with A. tumefaciens. 相似文献
9.
Expression of the two coleopteran-resistant proteins (Bt-Cry3A and oryzacystatin I) was detected in the leaves of field-grown transgenic poplar (BOGA-5) in two or three subsequent years. The BOGA-5 contained ～10 μg g(-1) of Cry3A over the individual years with no detection in the control, and protein extracts from BOGA-5 displayed a higher reduction in papain activity (～42%) compared with ～21% in the control. Laboratory feeding experiments showed that the total mortality of the target pest Plagiodera versicolora (Coleoptera, Chrysomelida) larvae fed with BOGA-5 leaves was 76.7%, significantly higher than that of the control (P相似文献
10.
Populus tomento a was crossed with P. tremuloidis, P grandiden ata, P. lba × P. grandidentata and P. alba × Ulmus s . ta pumila in order to maintain its rapid growth and high wood quality and improve its resistance to cold. Two methods were used to increase the germination rate from 1.5% to 41.1% and the remaining rate from 1.7% to 44.2%. Forty crossing combinations were conducted and 2 744 hybrid seedlings were obtained. MX. t4 × P grandiden ata (G-1-58), MX3 × P. tremuloidis (T-44-60), MX2 × P. tremuloidis (l-13-87-37) and MX2 × (P. alba × P. grandidentata) were regarded as superior combinations after analysis and selection. Thirty seedlings of these combinations and 11 triploid seedlings identified by counting their chromosomes were selected as super plants. 相似文献
11.
ZHANG Xiao-fen CHEN Min ZHANG Bin-yu LUO You-qing HOU Ying-jie SU Xiao-hua 《中国林学(英文版)》2009,11(3):164-167
Laboratory feeding experiments with the poplar aphid, Chaitophorus populeti (Panzer), feeding on transgenic poplar (P. alba × P. glandulosa) varieties C13-5 and C013-5, were carried out to study the effect of transgenic poplar on the ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas). The mortality and development time of the immature stages, the eclosion rate and body mass of H. axyridis were measured. The results indicated that C. populeti feeding on different varieties of transgenic plants had no statistically significant effect on the mortality of H. axyridis larvae. The development time of larval and pupal stages were not significantly different between the two transgenic poplars
and a non-transgenic poplar. Furthermore, the body mass and eclosion rate did not show any difference between the H. axyridis feeding on aphids reared on transgenic plants and those from non-transgenic plants. It is suggested that transgenic plants
have no deleterious effect on the predatory ladybird. 相似文献
12.
With the widespread distribution of transgenic cotton plants, concerns over their potential effects on beneficial insects
and other non-target pests have been raised. In the present study, the field and laboratory effects of Cry1Ac/CpTI transgenic
cotton pollen on the pollinating beetle Haptoncus luteolus were investigated. Abundance of adult beetles was studied in cotton plots at two sites in Wuhan in 2009, and the average
number of adults per flower was recorded. Life-history parameters including developmental duration, hatch rate, pupation rate,
emergence rate and egg number per female, as well as the survivorship curves of H. luteolus were studied in laboratory experiments. The results showed that the adult abundance in the field did not differ significantly
between non-transgenic and transgenic cotton, the exposure to Cry1Ac/CpTI pollen in laboratory had no effect on the developmental
time, hatching rate, pupation rates and emergence rates of H. luteolus, no significant differences were found in the mating rates and the fecundity between treatments, and the survival curves
of both treatments also resulted in no significant differences. It indicated there were no significant direct adverse effects
of transgenic cotton pollen on H. luteolus both in the field and in the laboratory. Our study bridged the gap of environmental risk assessment of transgenic cotton
for pollinators other than pollinating bees. 相似文献
13.
以转Bt基因南林895杨株系B1、B4、B17、B21扦插苗为试验材料,分析其在室内和野外自然条件下对靶标害虫杨小舟蛾幼虫的抗虫性。结果表明:转Bt基因杨树4个株系均有一定的杀虫活性,其中株系B21对杨小舟蛾1龄幼虫12 d校正死亡率高达95.3%;虫试表明转Bt基因杨树各株系扦植苗在野外自然条件下的12 d幼虫校正死亡率8月份为35.0%88.8%,9月份为40.5%95.3%。用转Bt基因杨树叶片饲养杨小舟蛾,对照植株杨小舟蛾幼虫化蛹率为83.3%96.0%,而转Bt基因株系幼虫化蛹率为8.0%76.7%,二者有显著差异。转Bt基因杨树对杨小舟蛾幼虫的生长发育有抑制作用,饲喂8 d后害虫取食量、体质量增长速率显著低于对照。此外,为了解转Bt基因杨树对土壤微生物的影响,对转Bt基因杨树株系及对照进行了根际土壤微生物可培养类群的分析,初步结果显示:转Bt基因杨树根际土壤微生物中细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量与对照比较无显著差异。 相似文献
14.
15.
Robinia pseudoacacia ‘Idaho’ is one of several multi-purpose trees used in ornamental, soil and water conservation, fodder and nectar sources. Plant abiotic stress tolerance transformed by genes could meet the requirements for reclamation of arid or alkalid lands and vegetation restoration. For this paper, we studied the effects of auxin and cytokine on Idaho locust in vitro regeneration and the establishment of gene transformation systems for plants mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Results showed that the ratios of cytokinin and auxin were the major factors affecting adventitious bud differentiation on a MS medium; the concentration of 0.5 mg•L–1 6-BA benefitted callus proliferation and 0.25 mg•L–1 IBA promoted shoot rooting; however, a higher IBA concentration will inhibit rooting. The most effective antitoxin for screening transgenic Idaho locust shoots was G418 and the most sensitive concentra-tion of it was 8 mg•L–1. 相似文献
16.
欧洲黑杨转基因稳定性及对土壤微生物的影响 总被引：22，自引：3，他引：22
利用PCR分析技术 ,分析了田间试验已达 7a的转Bt基因欧洲黑杨的基因稳定性 ,并对其林地和非转基因林地的土壤微生物进行了类群数量分析。PCR分析表明Bt基因仍然存在于转基因植株中 ,转基因植株与对照杂交后代Bt基因分离呈 1∶1比例 ,符合孟德尔遗传分离规律 ,表明基因仍稳定存在。计数结果表明转基因林地中转基因植株与非转基因植株间根系土壤 3大类微生物 (细菌、放线菌和霉菌 )数量无显著差异 ,转基因林地与非转基因林地 (邻近杨树林地和健杨林地 )间的土壤 3大类微生物 (细菌、放线菌和霉菌 )数量无显著差异 ,说明转基因欧洲黑杨对土壤微生物系统尚没有明显的影响。 相似文献
17.
表达豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂转基因杨树的虫试试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
将转豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因的三倍体毛白杨回交杂种 [(毛新杨×毛白杨 )×毛白杨 ]]于春季萌发前截干 .用萌条上的树叶对 3种主要杨树害虫 :天幕毛虫 (Malacosomadisstria)、舞毒蛾 (Lymant riadisparL .)和杨雪毒蛾 (StilpnotiacandidaStaudinger)进行离体虫试试验 ,年底测量各转基因株系萌条树高和地径 ,以衡量其生长性状 .结果发现 ,与对照相比 ,转基因株系的树高和地径没有显著降低 ,说明外源基因的导入没有影响转基因杨树的速生特性 ,相反 ,TG0 4的树高和地径较对照有明显的提高 ,这可能是外源导入后促进转基因杨树生长的结果 ;转基因植株均能显著提高害虫的死亡率 ,降低幼虫的排粪量、蛹重、体重增加量和成虫的产卵量 ;其中 ,TG0 7、TG0 8和TG713个转基因株系的抗虫特性较为突出 ,表明CpTI基因在它们的树体内表达较为活跃和稳定 相似文献
18.
We determined: (a) the physiological consequences of overproduction of putrescine in transgenic poplar (Populus nigra x maximoviczii) cells expressing an ornithine decarboxylase transgene; and (b) effects of variation in nitrogen (N) concentration of the medium on cellular polyamine concentration in transgenic and non-transgenic cells. Cells grown in the presence of supplemental (to the normal concentrations of N sources in the growth medium) and reduced amounts of NH4NO3 and KNO3 were used to study effects on membrane permeability, mitochondrial respiratory activity, protein accumulation, growth rates and changes in cellular polyamine concentration. The N concentration of the MS medium was not a limiting factor for continued overproduction of putrescine in transgenic cells. However, continued supplies of NH4+ and NO3- were required to maintain homeostatic amounts of putrescine in both cell lines. The presence of high amounts of putrescine in transgenic cells had significant effects on the physiological parameters measured. Compared with non-transgenic cells, transgenic cells had greater plasma membrane permeability, less tolerance to NH4NO3, more tolerance to KNO3, and accumulated higher amounts of soluble protein. 相似文献
19.
20.
Toru Taniguchi Yasunori Ohmiya Manabu Kurita Miyoko Tsubomura Teiji Kondo Yong Woo Park Kei’ichi Baba Takahisa Hayashi 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(5):408-413
We performed biosafety assessments of transgenic poplars prior to field trials. Constitutive expression of the Aspergillus aculeatus xyloglucanase in Populus alba increased the cellulose content and specific gravity of its stem, the leaves of which were visibly greener, thicker, and
smaller than those of the wild-type plant. Although the young transgenic poplars grew faster than the wild type in a growth
chamber, there was no distinguishable difference in growth between the poplars when they were placed in a special screened
greenhouse. Allelopathic tests showed that the transgenic poplars do not produce harmful substances. Based on all the biosafety
assessments and the scientific literature on poplar species, we came to the conclusion that transgenic poplars probably do
not disturb the biological diversity of the surrounding environment, even when they are submitted to field trials. 相似文献