共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
为了探索高寒草地绵羊优化生产的方法，选用２５２只罗新藏杂种羊组成试验羊群在围栏草场定居放牧。羊群结构为：种公羊２．７７％，适龄母羊７１．９４％，后备羊２０．６３％，羯羊６．３５％，年龄结构近似于金字塔。结果表明：幼羊繁活周转率达４６．８３％，羊只总增率达４０．８７％，出栏率为４０．４８％，分别较试验所在地若尔盖县同期养羊生产指标提高１４．３８％、１４．４０％、１６．３０％，效果十分明显。同时为高寒草地绵羊实行定居放牧可行性提供了依据 相似文献
2.
采用粪便显微组织学分析技术，分析了呼伦贝尔草原放牧绵羊冬季采食植物的种类组成，对不同牧草的喜食程度，并探讨了当地牧草资源的质量状况及改良草场，合理放牧等问题，研究表明，放牧绵羊冬季食物以禾本科植物为主，占７３．３％，豆科植物次之，占１１．６％菊科植物占第３位，为７．４％，其它科植物所占比例较小。 相似文献
3.
青藏高寒草地夏秋季不同轮牧强度对牧草及绵羊的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验是在四川省阿坝州若尔盖县辖曼种羊场进行的。对种羊场的草地进行夏秋季轮牧强度试验，对轮牧小区内牧草产量、营养成份、绵羊生产性能进行测定，结果表明：从保护利用的观点着眼，草地轮牧强度应选择7．5只羊／ha，草地的可利用牧草为90％。日增重与日食量和放牧强度之间存在显著的多元线性回归关系，日增重与采食量呈正比，而与放牧强度呈反比。日采食蛋白与日增重比与日食量和放牧强度之间存在显著的多元线性回归关系，当放牧强度为3．75只羊／ha时日食蛋白与日增重比达到最低，为0．875，即绵羊对蛋白质的利用率最高。 相似文献
4.
人工草地绵羊放牧与割草综合利用的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过放牧试验，对决定畜牧业生产效率的放牧管理体系的主要因子（绵羊品种，载畜量和放牧制度）进行评价和研究。结果表明，适合于红地池坝工人草地的放牧绵羊品种为内蒙古中国美利奴羊，放牧方法为划区轮牧；载畜量为７．５个绵羊单位／公顷，各个牧草和长阶段的放牧强度主：＝１７９．５＋５．４８Ｘ（Ｘ为牧草生长速度）放牧小工面积，割草小区面积与机动小区面积的百分比组成为６６．７：２０：１３．３，不适放牧起止时间为：一 相似文献
5.
不同放牧强度对草地和绵羊生产性能影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本试验是1988年在湖南省南山牧场改良草地上用绵羊进行的3种放牧强度的放牧研究。结果表明:不同放牧强度对牧草产量、绵羊繁殖率和增重差异均不显著(P>0.05),但以每亩草地计算,不同放牧强度绵羊增重差异显著(P<0.01)。高放牧强度(每羊1.5亩草地)能促进人工栽培牧草分蘖,抑制野生杂草数量。 相似文献
6.
人工草地绵羊放牧系统研究—产羔期试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验监测了在划区轮牧条件下的放牧系统中两种产盖期中的牧草生长速度、绵羊采食量以及绵羊生产性能等有关指标的动态变化，探讨了两种产羔期对放牧系统中草地和绵羊产生的影响。 相似文献
7.
在８个多月（１２月至翌年８月）内给放牧绵羊口服营养菌剂１７次（每半月服用一次），试验羊比对照羊增重多３１．２６％；舍饲羊在７个月内口服营养菌剂１４次（每半月服用一欢），试验羊比对照羊增重多３１．１３％，证明绵羊较长期服用营养菌剂仍有增加体重的作用，在冬春季节可以减少春乏死亡。并证明试验羊与对照羊的屠宰率、干肉率和羊毛生长长度基本一致，而且长期服用菌剂的绵羊未发现有不良反应。 相似文献
8.
森多地区绵羊放牧育肥适宜时期的研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
对森多地区不同类别的３组藏系绵羊，在６０天的放牧育肥内进行各旬增重率的测定，得出该地区绵羊后期放牧育肥的适宜时期为８月末正１０月上旬。其中１８月龄幼年羯羊组在４０天有效育肥期内的增重和增重率达到５．２６ｋｇ和１７．７４％，分别比３．５岁以上的成年羯羊组高２．０８ｋｇ和１０．９５个百分点；淘汰母羊前期由于哺乳、复壮推迟，但在后期４０天放牧育肥中，绝对增重量达到６．１４ｋｇ，增重率仅低于幼年羯羊组２． 相似文献
9.
放牧绵羊选食次序和季节性食谱重叠 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对牧草适口性指数的建立和绵羊选食牧草次序的划分，研究了大针茅草原放牧棉羊季节性食性特点和食谱结构重叠。结果表明，牧草的适口性随着季节的变化而不同，导致绵羊的日粮组成各季间产生一定的渐变性。从采食量的大小来看，糙隐子草，知母，冷蒿和羊草为该草场放牧绵羊的四季平衡牧草。 相似文献
10.
为了进一步探讨饱和链烷技术在典型草原自由放牧家畜中的应用,定量研究自由放牧绵羊食性及食量,于2004年6-9月在中国科学院内蒙古草原生态系统定位研究站放牧样地进行试验,选择体重及体况相近、健康无病的二岁羯羊(内蒙古细毛羊×蒙古羊)60只,按体重(36.9±2.6) kg聚类分组,设置6种放牧率(0,1.33,2.67,4.00,5.33和6.67羊/hm2)的轮牧实验,绵羊采食量的测定选择放牧率为1.33,4.00和6.67羊/hm2的处理,试验开始,每只羊投喂1粒QSM饱和链烷缓释胶囊。食性测定选用全部的放牧率进行,同时辅助全粪法、扣笼法一同评价。试验期内定期收集试验地牧草样品及绵羊粪便样品,使用气相色谱分析牧草和粪样中的链烷含量,应用链烷技术估测放牧绵羊的排粪量、牧草采食比例和干物质采食量。结果表明,植物链烷模式存在种间差异,运用链烷技术估测的排粪量和实际测得排粪量差异不显著(P>0.05),放牧绵羊主要采食7~9种牧草,且不同放牧季节不同放牧率绵羊采食的牧草种类和比例不同,但采食量差异不显著(P>0.05)。本研究表明,运用链烷技术结合扣笼方法可以估测天然草地自由放牧家畜牧草的采食比例、干物质采食量和排粪量。 相似文献
11.
A. Schiborra M. Gierus H. W. Wan T. Glindemann C. J. Wang A. Susenbeth F. Taube 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(4):446-454
The objective of this study was to investigate dietary selection of sheep grazing semi‐arid grassland in Inner Mongolia, China, using the difference in organic matter digestibility (OMD) of herbage ingested and herbage on offer as indicator for selection. Faecal N was used as digestibility index for herbage ingested (FOMD), while OMD of herbage on offer (GOMD) was estimated from gas production obtained by the Hohenheim gas test. It was hypothesized that the difference between FOMD and GOMD is high, when grazing animals select against low quality herbage provided that herbage is abundant. In a grazing experiment, six grazing intensities (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5 and 9.0 sheep/ha), representing light to very heavy grazing intensity for the semi‐arid grassland, were compared. The amount of herbage on offer decreased with increasing grazing intensity. Independent statistical analysis of FOMD and GOMD showed that the differences between grazing intensities for both OMD determinations (FOMD: 54.0–57.3%, GOMD: 55.2–57.5%) were not significant (p > 0.05). The difference between FOMD and GOMD was not significant for grazing intensities, but varied between sampling periods from ?4 to 1 percentage units. In conclusion, the lack of significance for the difference between FOMD and GOMD suggests that for the semi‐arid grassland of Inner Mongolia, China, sheep did not select their feed due to a homogeneous nutritional composition of herbage on offer in 2005, regardless of grazing intensity. 相似文献
12.
Impact of grazing intensity on herbage intake, composition, and digestibility and on live weight gain of sheep on the Inner Mongolian steppe 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
T. Glindemann C. Wang B.M. Tas A. Schiborra M. Gierus F. Taube A. Susenbeth 《Livestock Science》2009,124(1-3):142-147
High grazing pressure during the last decades caused severe ecological problems in the steppe of Inner Mongolia, China. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of grazing intensity of sheep on herbage mass (HM) and intake, chemical composition and digestibility of herbage, and on live weight gain (LWG). A grazing experiment with six different grazing intensities (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9.0 sheep/ha) was conducted in the growing season of 2005 in the Xilin River Basin. HM decreased from 1.5 t DM/ha at the lowest grazing intensity to 0.6 t DM/ha at the highest grazing intensity. NDF content of the herbage was high (> 700 g/kg DM) and relatively constant, whereas acid detergent lignin (ADL) content increased with grazing intensity and with proceeding grazing season. Digestibility of organic matter ingested (DOM) tended to decrease with grazing intensity as well as intake of organic matter (OMI) and of digestible organic matter (DOMI) per sheep (P = 0.090 and P = 0.065, respectively), whereas LWG per sheep decreased with increasing grazing intensity (P = 0.018). DOM and OMI were negatively related to ADL content. However, herbage intake and LWG per ha increased with grazing intensity (P < 0.001) and reached their maximum at 9 and 7.5 sheep per ha, respectively. This observation confirms the current farmers' practise of high grazing pressure ignoring long term grassland productivity and ecological problems. Therefore, the studies are continued to provide further information on long term effects. This study could show pronounced effects of grazing intensity on animal and grassland productivity and the suitability of the methods applied to measure intake and digestibility of herbage in a large scale grazing experiment with sheep. 相似文献
13.
为评价放牧绵羊采食量,采用控制放牧试验,设置5个放牧处理,比较了差额法和粪氮指数法测定放牧绵羊采食量的结果。结果表明:绵羊采食量随放牧强度的增大而减小,春季休牧能显著提高绵羊的采食量(P <0.05)。其中用差额法测定的最高采食量为34.8 g·d-1·kg-1,粪氮指数法测得的最高采食量为46.4 g·d-1kg-1。2种测定方法测定结果具有相同的趋势,粪氮指数法的测定结果显著高于差额法(P <0.05)。差额法测定的采食量和粪氮指数法测定的采食量间成指数相关,方程为y=1.1577e0.0628x(R2=0.677)。 相似文献
14.
15.
Wang CJ Tas BM Glindemann T Mueller K Schiborra A Schoenbach P Gierus M Taube F Susenbeth A 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2009,93(2):245-252
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of rotational and continuous grazing on herbage mass (HM), organic matter digestibility (dOM) and intake (OMI) and live weight gain (LWG) of sheep grazing on the inner Mongolian steppe, China at a stocking rate of 4.5 sheep/ha during the growing season. In the years 2005 and 2006, four 2-ha plots were used of which two were divided into four 0.5 ha paddocks each for rotational grazing, where sheep were moved each 10 days to the next paddock. The dOM was estimated from faecal crude protein concentration and OMI by oral administration of titanium dioxide. Herbage mass was similar in both grazing systems and dOM and OMI were higher (p < 0.05) at continuous grazing than at rotational grazing, but LWG did not differ probably because of extra energy expenditure for grazing and walking in a larger area. The dOM and OMI decreased (p < 0.05) with progress of the growing season and differed between years. Since precipitation during the growing season in both years was lower than the 30 years average which was probably the reason that positive effects of non-grazing periods on herbage regrowth and quality at rotational grazing could not occur, further studies are required in years with average precipitations before a final evaluation of these grazing systems can be made. Moreover, it seems necessary to quantify energy expenditure for physical activity of animals in grazing studies. 相似文献
16.
Abstract The effect of urine and dung deposition on the patch grazing patterns of cattle and sheep in the Southern Tall Grassveld was investigated using an experiment with four treatments, viz. artificial urine, fresh cattle dung, fresh sheep dung, and a control. Cattle and sheep preferentially grazed the sward surrounding and within urine deposits for six months after deposition. Cattle rejected herbage from both cattle and sheep dung patches for six months after deposition. Sheep initially rejected the herbage from cattle dung patches, but their grazing patterns were no longer affected at six months after deposition. Sheep grazing tended not to be influenced by sheep dung. Urine deposition may consequently be an important factor in patch initiation and patch development. 相似文献
17.
Production of sheep (nursing ewes) grazing alternately with cattle (growing weaned heifers) was compared to the production
of sheep or cattle grazing alone (controls). Pasture production and sheep parasitism were also monitored. The herbage allowance
was higher for the control heifers than for the alternate heifers, but the leaf to green material ratio (LGMR) was lower,
and no difference on heifer growth was revealed (443 vs. 431g.d-1, P = 0.54). The LGMR was higher for the alternate sheep (+3 points) than for the control sheep, except during the dry season,
when the herbage density was lower. The effects of parasitism on the packed cell volume of alternate ewes and lambs were lower
than those of control ewes and lambs. However, the infection of sheep by Cooperia sp. (better adapted to cattle) was significantly higher for the alternate sheep than for the controls, and some indication
of cattle infection by Haemonchus contortus was suggested. The 70-day lamb weight was higher in the alternate grazing system than in the control (+0.76,+1.11 and+0.61kg
for the dry, intermediate and rainy seasons, respectively), and the average 70-day lamb production per ewe exposed was 21.42kg
in the alternate grazing system vs. 18.59kg in the control (P = 0.003). 相似文献
18.
G Gettinby Q A McKellar K Bairden Y Theodoridis A Whitelaw 《Research in veterinary science》1985,39(1):99-102
The recovery of gastrointestinal nematode infective larvae from herbage collected manually was compared with the recovery from herbage ingested by sheep with oesophageal fistulae, on five occasions during the grazing season. At least three times more larvae were recovered from the oesophageal fistulates than by manual collection. There was no significant variation between the numbers of larvae collected at 09.00, 12.00 and 15.00, nor was there any difference in the distribution of genera recovered by the two methods. The worm burdens of tracer lambs and the larval counts from the fistulated sheep were used to estimate the rate of larval establishment. 相似文献
19.
喀斯特山区草地施肥对放牧乌蒙半细毛羊抗氧化系统功能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为选择草地施肥的肥料种类,减少施肥对乌蒙半细毛羊产业的影响,在威宁县凉水沟种羊场多年生人工草地开展施肥和放牧试验。 结果表明:凉水沟种羊场人工草地牧草铜含量相对较低,但仍高于乌蒙半细毛羊营养需要标准;施肥极显著增加牧草氮含量(P<0.01),各施肥处理之间没有明显差异。硫酸铵施肥显著增加牧草硫和锌含量(P<0.01),显著降低了牧草硒的含量(P<0.01)。放牧试验结束时,施硫酸铵草地的乌蒙半细毛羊血液中铜、铁和硒的含量极显著低于施硝酸铵草地和对照组(P<0.01), 动物血液锌和硫含量极显著高于硝酸铵施肥牧场和对照组(P<0.01)。硫酸铵施肥牧场的乌蒙半细毛羊血红蛋白、红细胞压积容量极显著低于硝酸铵施肥牧场和对照牧场(P<0.01),血清铜蓝蛋白含量、血清超氧化物歧化酶活力、血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力和血清过氧化氢酶等抗氧化酶的活力极显著低于硝酸铵施肥牧场和对照牧场(P<0.01),丙二醛的含量显著高于硝酸铵施肥牧场和对照牧场(P<0.01)。血液其他矿质元素和血液指标及血清生化值在2个施肥处理和对照之间均差异不显著。 因此得出结论,草地施肥的种类需要根据土壤矿物质分布和含量情况确定,铜含量低的牧场不适合硫酸铵施肥,硫酸铵施肥明显影响了乌蒙半细毛羊机体抗氧化系统功能。 相似文献