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1.
1. Groups of ISA Brown pullets were transferred from 8- to 16-h photoperiods at 34, 44 or 54 d. In each group, 12 birds were injected on alternate days over a 12-d period starting 6 d before the change in photoperiod with beta-oestradiol-3-benzoate (1 mg/kg body weight) or with arachis oil vehicle (controls). Short-day controls were similarly injected from 28 to 40 d. Long-day (16 h) controls were also included in the trial but were not injected. Age at first egg (AFE) was recorded and plasma luteinising hormone (LH) concentrations were measured around the time of oestradiol treatment. 2. Mean AFE for birds photostimulated at 34 d was not significantly different from short-day controls. Birds photostimulated at 44 and 54 d matured at similar ages but 3 weeks earlier than short-day controls (P<0.05). 3. There was a tendency for oestradiol to advance AFE for birds photostimulated at 34 d (P=0.15) but to delay AFE following photostimulation at 44 d (P=0.23). Oestradiol significantly delayed AFE for the birds photostimulated at 54 d (P=0.01). 4. Plasma LH levels during 6 d of oestradiol injection but before transfer from 8- to 16-h photoperiods tended to fall between 28 and 34 d, were relatively constant between 38 and 44 d, but declined significantly between 48 and 54 d. Following photostimulation at 34 d, increases in plasma LH levels for oestradiol-injected birds were significantly greater than for controls. Oestradiol treatment had no significant effect on changes in plasma LH concentrations after photostimulation at 44 or 54 d. 5. This trial confirms previous work showing that pullets are unresponsive to photostimulation before 6 weeks of age. It also demonstrates that raising circulating oestrogen levels by injecting 0.5 mg/kg oestradiol benzoate on alternate days enhances the LH response to photostimulation at 34-d, but only very slightly sensitises a 34-d old bird to an increase in photoperiod which, 10 d later, is capable of advancing AFE in control birds by 24 d. Increased circulating oestrogen might be a factor which allows pullets to advance AFE in response to an increase in daylength. 相似文献
2.
Effect of timing and size of photoperiod change on plasma FSH concentration and the correlation between FSH and age at first egg in pullets. 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
1. ISA Brown pullets were transferred at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 or 20.3 weeks of age from an 8 h photoperiod to an 8, 10, 13 or 16 h photoperiod. Plasma follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentration was measured at transfer at 7 and 14 d afterwards, and age at first egg (AFE) was recorded. 2. Plasma FSH concentration in pullets reared on constant 8 h photoperiods generally increased with age but with a trough at 12 weeks. Plasma FSH increased during the first 14 d of photostimulation to a significantly higher concentration, compared with constant 8 h controls, when the photoperiod was increased to 13 or 16 h at 9, 12 or 15 weeks; but for the increase from 8 h to 10 h photoperiods FSH was only significantly higher than controls when the change was made at 12 weeks. 3. The change in plasma FSH concentration 14 d after photostimulation was significantly correlated with mean AFE (reported in Lewis et al., 1997) and appears to be a better predictor of gonadal development than concurrent changes in plasma LH concentration previously reported (Lewis et al., 1994). 相似文献
3.
1. The effects of daily injections of ACTH (30 IU/kg) or physiological saline on growth and on adrenal and lymphoid tissues of Rhode Island Red (RIR) and Light Sussex (LS) chickens were compared at 1, 2 and 3 weeks of age. 2. Saline injections retarded skeletal growth in both strains during the 1st week but only affected weight gain in LS birds. 3. Injections of ACTH depressed growth rate, caused adrenal enlargement and deplenished adrenal cholesterol to the same extent in both strains. 4. ACTH caused a greater reduction in bursal size in RIR than in LS birds. Spleen size was reduced by ACTH only in RIR birds. 5. At 2 and 3 weeks the plasma concentrations of corticosterone of RIR birds were greater than those of LS birds. Plasma corticosterone concentrations were within the normal range 24 h after the last injection of ACTH in both strains. 6. Plasma concentrations of growth hormone was unaffected by ACTH treatment in RIR birds, but it was increased in LS birds after 3 weeks of treatment. 相似文献
4.
1. The response of the reproductive system to photostimulation was investigated during the rearing period in dwarf broiler breeder females maintained from hatch on 8 h light/d. The effect of increased body fat on this response was investigated. Body fat was increased by diluting the diet with maize oil. 2. A significant increase in plasma luteinising hormone (LH) was observed 4 d after photostimulation with 20 h light/d at 3 and 15 weeks of age in birds fed the restricted diet alone and at 3, 7, 11, 15 and 19 weeks of age in birds fed the restricted diet diluted with maize oil. 3. Increases in ovarian weight were observed two weeks after photostimulation at 15 weeks of age in birds fed the restricted diet alone and at 7, 11 and 15 weeks of age in birds fed the restricted diet diluted with maize oil. Increases in oviduct weight were seen after photostimulation at 11, 15 and 19 weeks of age in both dietary treatment groups; however, a larger increase in oviduct weight was seen at 15 and 19 weeks of age in birds fed the restricted diet diluted with maize oil. 4. In a second experiment, the dilution of a diet fed ad libitum with maize oil significantly increased body fat content and the baseline concentration of LH but did not enhance the response of the reproductive system to photostimulation. 5. Baseline plasma LH concentrations were lower in birds fed ad libitum than in those fed a restricted diet. 6. It is concluded that the neuroendocrine pathways involved in the transmission of photoperiodic information are functional at 3 weeks of age. The function of the components of the hypothalamo-pituitary complex which control reproductive activity is enhanced when a restricted diet diluted with maize oil is fed. 相似文献
5.
1. Brown-egg pullets were reared on 8-h photoperiods and temporarily transferred at 80 d of age to 14-h photoperiods for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12 d. Controls were either maintained on 8 h or permanently transferred to 14 h at 80 d. 2. Pullets given 8 or 12 long days matured 8-9 d earlier than constant 8-h controls, but 22-23 d later than pullets transferred permanently to long days. Mean age at first egg for the groups given 2, 4, 6 or 10 d of 14-h days were not significantly different from the 8-h controls. The mean weight of first egg and body weight at first egg for the temporarily-photostimulated groups were not significantly different from constant 8-h controls, but egg weights were > or = 5.1 g and body weights at first egg > or = 200 g heavier than the birds transferred permanently to 14 h. 3. It is concluded that up to 6 temporary long days may be given (from 80 d of age) without affecting the timing of sexual maturity, but that the provision of 8 or more long days will accelerate sexual development, thought not to the extent of a permanent transfer, in most birds within a flock. A regression analysis of the ages at which the first and last birds in the groups given 6, 8, 10 or 12 long days matured suggested that about 20 d of photostimulation are required to achieve a mean age at first egg similar to that of birds permanently transferred to long days. 相似文献
6.
M B Paster 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1991,21(6):1343-1359
Hypothalamic-releasing factors regulate the secretion of anterior pituitary hormones. The anterior pituitary gland secretes the same six hormones as found in mammals: FSH, LH, prolactin, GH (somatotropic hormone), ACTH, and TSH, plus the melanotropic hormone. The endocrine hormones of the avian posterior pituitary gland concerned with reproduction are mesotocin and AVT. The pineal gland, through the secretion of the hormone melatonin, modulates the periodic autonomic functions of the central nervous system. The ovary produces estrogens, progestogens, and androgenic compounds. The testes produce testosterones and progesterone. The thyroid glands produce two hormones, T4 and T3. The avian adrenal glands produce corticosterone and aldosterone. The bursa of Fabricius is considered an endocrine organ since it is involved in the production of humoral factors. The male reproductive system undergoes hormonal changes associated with puberty, the breeding season, and molt. Some avian species undergo a type of disintegration and seasonal reconstruction of the testis and epididymis. The relationship of the ovarian follicular hormones and the plasma hormones varies depending on the stage of the reproductive cycle and the seasonal photostimulation. Female birds may conceive in the absence of a mate as a result of the fertile period phenomena. The blood chemistry of laying birds is different from that seen in nonlaying hens. Domestication has had a definite influence on the hormone cycles of some avian species. This may lead to certain reproductive problems. 相似文献
7.
The effects of the growth curve from 15 to 20 weeks, age at photostimulation and pattern of photostimulus on sexual maturity, egg production and egg weight were evaluated in two trials with broiler breeder females to 56 and 34 weeks of age (housed in litter pens and individually caged, respectively). Carcase composition and reproductive morphology of hens varying in laying efficiency were measured in the second trial. Trial 1: Four growth curves were applied from 15 to 20 weeks to pullets housed in litter pens. Birds were transferred from 8- to 10-h photoperiods at 20 or 24 weeks of age, followed by weekly increments of one hour to reach a 16-h final photoperiod. Lower-than-recommended body weights at 20 weeks significantly delayed sexual maturity, reduced peak rate of lay, total eggs and mean egg weight. However, double-yolked egg production was lower, resulting in non-significant differences in settable egg numbers between body weight treatments. Birds reared to the heaviest body weight exhibited a significantly advanced sexual maturity, but total egg numbers, peak rate of lay and mean egg weight were not significantly affected. However, the laying of more double-yolked eggs resulted in a decrease in the number of settable eggs. Delaying photostimulation to 24 weeks significantly retarded sexual maturity, reduced total and settable egg numbers, and increased mean egg weight. A tendency for fewer double-yolked eggs was observed. Trial 2: At 19 weeks, birds were selected from the 4 body weight categories in Trial 1 and moved to individual cages in 8 rooms. Five lighting programmes were applied. The pattern of photostimulation applied did not affect any of the production traits measured. At 34 weeks, 24 birds were selected for the analysis of reproductive morphology, presence of internal or multiple ovulations, and carcase composition. Eight hens showing an early age at first egg and regular egg production records, 8 birds showing erratic laying performance and 8 non-layers were killed for this purpose. There were no differences in carcase composition or reproductive morphology between these groups. No internal ovulations or double or multiple ovarian hierarchies were observed. The results presented confirm that broiler breeders do not require a lighting stimulus in order to initiate ovarian activity and that, where no lighting stimulus is given, body weight or feeding level plays a critical role in stimulating the birds to attain sexual maturity. However, when a lighting stimulus is given, factors such as body weight and body composition become relatively less important in regulating the age at sexual maturity. 相似文献
8.
9.
1. Females from a medium body weight strain of turkeys were fed ad libitum or restricted to 0.6 of ad libitum-fed body weight at sexual maturity and were photostimulated at 18, 24 or 30 weeks of age. Ovarian follicular structure was assessed in 8 birds from both rearing treatments at photostimulation, after photostimulation for 6 or 12 weeks and at 55 weeks of age. 2. The patterns of small white follicles and of larger yellow follicles were similar in restricted and in ad libitum-fed turkeys for birds in lay at the same age, regardless of the time elapsed since photostimulation. 3. Among birds in lay the number of normal yellow follicles and the proportion of multiple yellow follicles declined with age. A relatively low proportion of restricted birds photostimulated at 18 and 24 weeks were in lay after 12 weeks of photostimulation. 4. For birds in lay the number of white follicles 1.4 to less than 1.8 mm in diameter increased and the number greater than 1.8 mm declined with age. There was a corresponding increase in the rates of atresia in follicles 1.8 to less than 5.0 mm in diameter. 相似文献
10.
Meler EN Scott-Moncrieff JC Peter AT Bennett S Ramos-Vara J Salisbury SK Naughton JF 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2011,13(6):473-478
A 15-year-old, spayed female domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for 1-year duration of cyclic intermittent estrous behavior. Diagnostic testing performed before referral, including baseline progesterone concentration, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone stimulation test and surgical exploratory laparotomy, had remained inconclusive for a remnant ovary. Evaluation of sex hormones before and after adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration revealed increased basal concentrations of androstenedione, estradiol, progesterone, and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and normal ACTH-stimulated hormone concentrations. Enlargement of the right adrenal gland was identified by abdominal ultrasound. The cat underwent an adrenalectomy and histopathology of the excised adrenal gland was consistent with an adrenocortical carcinoma. Clinical signs resolved immediately following surgery, and most hormone concentrations declined to within or below the reference interval (RI) by 2 months after surgery. 相似文献
11.
Accuracy of Ultrasonographic Measurements of Adrenal Glands in Dogs: Comparison with Necroscopic Findings 
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下载免费PDF全文 E. Pagani A. Tarducci A. Borrelli B. Iotti M. Tursi R. Zanatta 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2017,46(2):187-194
Ultrasonographic evaluation of the adrenal glands was performed in 85 dogs, followed by macroscopic and histopathological examination either post‐mortem or after adrenalectomy. This retrospective cross‐sectional study evaluated the difference between gross and ultrasonographic measurements to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in the evaluation of canine adrenal gland size. The differences were assessed for gland length, thickness at cranial, middle and caudal regions, and surface area. In our sample, ultrasound error accuracy ranged between 0% in measurement of the right adrenal gland surface area and 25.21% for left cranial pole thickness. The parameters with minor errors were caudal pole thickness (3.64% right side and 3.49% left side) and length (5.75% right side and 2.19% left side). The ultrasonographic measurements generally underestimated the actual size of the adrenal glands. No statistically significant differences were observed for measurement errors between normal and pathological adrenal glands. This study confirmed that the caudal pole of both glands is the best parameter for ultrasonographic evaluation of normal and pathological adrenal glands size in dog. Furthermore, the surface area could be considered as a dimensional parameter for better assessment of the complex shape and the global aspect of the adrenal glands, while standardize ultrasonographic projections are needed to measure the cranial pole of both adrenal glands. 相似文献
12.
Hyperadrenocorticism in ferrets is associated with increased circulating concentrations of adrenal androgens, whereas plasma concentrations of cortisol and ACTH are usually not affected. Here, we report on a 5-year-old castrated male pet ferret (Mustela putorius furo) in which the major presenting signs were polyuria and polyphagia. Routine biochemistry values were within their reference ranges. The urinary corticoid:creatinine ratio (UCCR) was increased and the plasma ACTH concentration was suppressed. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed an enlarged right adrenal gland and atrophy of the left adrenal gland. Administration of hCG resulted in an increase of plasma cortisol and androstenedione concentrations. Based on these findings LH/hCG-dependent hypercortisolism and hyperandrogenism were suspected and treatment was started with a depot GnRH-agonist implant containing 9.4mg deslorelin. Within 3 weeks after placement of the implant all clinical signs had disappeared. Three months later the endocrine parameters had normalized, while abdominal ultrasonography revealed that the right adrenal gland had diminished in size and the left adrenal gland was considered of normal size. No recurrences of clinical signs were seen within 2 years after placement of the deslorelin implant. At that time urinary corticoid and plasma hormone concentrations were within their reference ranges, and no further change in the size of the adrenal glands was seen. In conclusion, this is the first confirmed case of LH-dependent hypercortisolism in a ferret that was treated successfully with a depot GnRH-agonist. 相似文献
13.
P. M. Hocking 《British poultry science》1996,37(4):841-851
1. The role of body weight during rearing and food allocation after photostimulation on ovarian function in broiler breeder females was examined in two experiments. In experiment 1 birds were fed ad libitum, or to grow to 0.7 or 0.4 of ad libitum‐fed body weight at 20 weeks of age. After photostimulation at 16, 19 and 22 weeks respectively they were fed ad libitum, 145 g/d or 115 g/d in a factorial design. The ovary of each bird was examined after it had laid an egg. In experiment 2, restricted birds (0.4 of ad libitum‐fed body weight) were fed 125 g/d after laying an egg or ad libitum and a third group were given 125 g/d for 3 to 4 weeks and then fed ad libitum. The ovaries of these birds were examined 6 to 7 weeks after their first egg.
2. Food restriction after photostimulation had little effect on ovarian function in birds fed ad libitum during rearing. These birds had 2 to 3 hierarchies of yellow follicles of similar size. Restricted birds fed ad libitum after photostimulation had a large increase in the numbers of yellow follicles (1.7 to 2.0 hierarchies) compared with birds fed 145 g/d or 115 g/d which had 1.2 to 1.6 hierarchies of yellow follicles.
3. Age at first egg was largely a function of rearing treatment but feeding 115 g/d to the 0.4 treatment birds delayed the onset of lay compared with the other treatments.
4. Ad libitum feeding in restricted birds after the onset of lay resulted in a similar increase in the number of yellow follicles as the response to ad libitum feeding after photostimulation.
5. The prevalence of birds with atretic follicles was relatively high in birds fed ad libitum during rearing and in restricted birds fed ad libitum after photostimulation.
6. Yolk weight increased with age at photostimulation and food restriction decreased yolk weight by about 1 g compared with ad libitum feeding after photostimulation. 相似文献
14.
P M Hocking 《British poultry science》1992,33(2):253-269
1. Turkey females were fed ad libitum or restricted from 6 weeks of age to achieve mean body weights of 0.6 of ad libitum fed birds on photostimulation at 18, 24 or 30 weeks of age. Body weight, food intake, egg production and hatchability were recorded to 54 weeks of age. 2. Restricted turkeys were fed ad libitum after first egg or 36 weeks of age. Food intake after 30 weeks of age averaged 170 g/bird/d and was similar for all treatments. At 54 weeks of age, restricted turkeys photostimulated at 24 and 30 weeks were not as heavy as turkeys photostimulated at 18 weeks and ad libitum fed turkeys. 3. A large proportion of restricted turkeys photostimulated at 18 weeks of age did not commence lay until 30 to 40 weeks and a significant number of restricted birds photostimulated at 24 weeks had short laying cycles. Restricted birds photostimulated at 30 weeks came into lay and showed similar persistency of lay to ad libitum fed turkeys. 4. Ad libitum fed turkeys laid 115.0, 122.0 and 101.0 and restricted turkeys 92.4, 99.5 and 103.4 eggs when photostimulated at 18, 24 and 30 weeks, respectively. The number of non-settable eggs was lower in restricted compared with ad libitum fed turkeys and declined with age at photostimulation. 5. Egg size at the end of the experiment was similar for ad libitum fed turkeys and restricted birds photostimulated at 18 weeks but was 2.3 g lower for restricted birds photostimulated at 24 and 30 weeks of age. 6. Hatchability was higher, and the proportion of second quality poults was lower with eggs from restricted turkeys. The mean numbers of poults hatched were 59.9, 75.1 and 66.0 for ad libitum fed and 71.7, 65.7 and 79.4 for restricted turkeys photostimulated at 18, 24 and 30 weeks of age. 相似文献
15.
Lighting regimens and plasma LH and FSH in broiler breeders 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
Egg production by meat-type fowl is markedly inferior to that from commercial laying hens, and so, to assess the degree to which photorefractoriness might be a contributing factor, male- and female-line broiler breeders were maintained on 8-, 11- or 16-h photoperiods. In addition, to determine the age-related rate of change in response to an increment in photoperiod, other birds were transferred from 8- to 16-h photoperiods at 67 or 124 d. Blood samples were taken from all groups, except those on constant 11-h photoperiods, in both genotypes at 67, 69, 124 and 126 d, and from all lighting groups in the female line at 58 weeks (end of trial), and the plasma was assayed for plasma luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentration to investigate possible correlations with rate of sexual maturity, total egg numbers and terminal rates of lay. Prepubertal LH was consistently higher for the female line than for the male line, and higher for 16-h birds than for 8-h birds. At 69 and 126 d, LH values were not significantly different from those 2 d earlier for 8-h birds, but significantly reduced for 16-h birds. There was an increase in LH following photostimulation at 67 d, but no significant change after the 124-d light increase. There were no significant differences in FSH between the two genetic lines, nor any effect of photostimulation at 67 or 124 d. There was a tendency for FSH in 8-h birds to be higher than for 16-h birds, and this difference became significant for male-line birds at 67 d. At 58 weeks, LH was higher for constant 11- and 16-h birds and for birds photostimulated at 67 d than for constant 8-h controls or birds transferred from 8 to 16h at 124 d. Neither baseline nor photoinduced prepubertal changes in plasma LH nor FSH were found to be of value for predicting age at sexual maturity or subsequent rates of egg production. At 58 weeks, LH was not generally correlated with sexual maturity, total eggs or terminal rates of lay, however, there was a negative correlation with age at first egg in birds photostimulated at 124 d. It must be concluded that plasma LH and FSH concentrations are of minimal value to the broiler breeder industry for predicting the degree of photorefractoriness, the age at sexual maturity, or subsequent egg production. 相似文献
16.
Becker TJ Perry RL Watson GL 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》1999,35(6):499-505
A 12-year-old, spayed, female domestic shorthair cat was diagnosed with severe and extensive hypertrophic osteopathy of the appendicular skeleton. Diagnostic ultrasound detected a mass lesion in the right adrenal gland. A right adrenalectomy was performed, and histopathological examination confirmed an adrenocortical carcinoma. No radiographic evidence of pulmonary metastasis was found on initial presentation or recheck thoracic radiographs taken 15 weeks later. Almost complete regression of periosteal new bone formation occurred 15 weeks following the successful surgical removal of the adrenal tumor. 相似文献
17.
Mogicato G Layssol-Lamour C Conchou F Diquelou A Raharison F Sautet J Concordet D 《The Veterinary record》2011,168(5):130
Adrenal length and width were determined from two-dimensional ultrasound longitudinal images. In study 1, 540 measurements of adrenal glands were attempted from five healthy beagle dogs by three different observers with different levels of expertise in ultrasonography, to determine the variability of adrenal gland measurements. Of these, 484 measurements were included in the statistical analysis, since 16 measurements of the left adrenal gland and 40 for the right could not be visualised by the observer. In study 2, a single measurement of both adrenal glands was taken from each of 146 dogs by the most trained observer from study 1, and the effects of different health status (healthy dogs v dogs with non-adrenal diseases), bodyweight, age and sex were assessed. A total of 267 measurements were included in the statistical analysis. The lowest intra- and inter-day coefficient of variation values were observed for the left adrenal gland and by the most trained observer. The health status had no statistically significant effect on adrenal gland length or width, whereas age had a significant effect only for the left adrenal gland (the greater the age, the greater the width or length) and sex had a significant effect only for the right adrenal gland (the width was larger in males and the length larger in females). The bodyweight had a significant effect for the length of both adrenal glands (the greater the bodyweight, the greater the length), but not the width. The differences between sd and coefficient of variation values for the width of the left adrenal gland were not statistically significant between the three observers, whereas they were statistically significant for the right adrenal gland. 相似文献
18.
1. Broiler breeder pullets were maintained on 10-, 11-, 12-, 13-, 14- or 16-h photoperiods to determine the effect of constant photoperiods on sexual development in broiler breeders. The birds were fed to achieve a 2100 g body weight at approximately 17 or 20 weeks to see if the photosexual response was modified by rate of growth. 2. In both body weight groups, pullets maintained on 10h were the first to reach sexual maturity (50 eggs/100 bird-d), and these and the 11-h pullets matured significantly earlier than any of the other photoperiod groups. Pullets maintained on 13 or 14 h matured latest, at about 3 weeks after the 10-h pullets, though both were only marginally later than the 12- or 16-h birds. These differences in maturation probably reflect the different rates at which photorefractoriness is dissipated in broiler breeders reared on photoperiods that vary in their degree of stimulatory competence. 3. There were no significant interactions among the photoperiods and the ages at 2100 g; faster-growing birds consistently matured about 10 d earlier than conventionally grown pullets. 相似文献
19.
Swiderski JK Seim HB MacPhail CM Campbell TW Johnston MS Monnet E 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,232(9):1338-1343
OBJECTIVE: To determine the long-term survival rate and factors that affect survival time of domestic ferrets treated surgically for hyperadrenocorticism. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 130 ferrets with hyperadrenocorticism that were treated surgically. PROCEDURES: Medical records of ferrets surgically treated for hyperadrenocorticism were reviewed. Data recorded included signalment, duration of clinical signs prior to hospital admission, CBC values, serum biochemical analysis results, anesthetic time, surgical time, concurrent diseases, adrenal gland affected (right, left, or both [bilateral]), histopathologic diagnosis, surgical procedure, caudal vena caval involvement (yes or no), postoperative melena (yes or no), days in hospital after surgery, and whether clinical signs of hyperadrenocorticism developed after surgery. RESULTS: 130 ferrets were entered in the study (11 of 130 ferrets were admitted and underwent surgery twice). The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 98% and 88%, respectively. A 50% survival rate was never reached. Combined partial adrenal gland resection with cryosurgery had a significantly negative effect on survival time. No other risk factors were identified. Survival time was not significantly affected by either histopathologic diagnosis or specific affected adrenal gland (right, left, or bilateral). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Ferrets with adrenal gland masses that were treated surgically had a good prognosis. Survival time of ferrets with hyperadrenocorticism undergoing surgery was not affected by the histologic characteristic of the tumor, the adrenal glands affected (right, left, or bilateral), or complete versus partial adrenal gland resection. Debulking was a sufficient surgical technique to allow a favorable long-term outcome when complete excision was not possible. 相似文献
20.
1. Light Sussex chicks were treated with corticotrophin (30 IU/kg) five times a week from hatching to 3 weeks of age. Their responses to the cessation of treatment were determined over the subsequent 2 weeks. 2. Growth rate was impaired by the treatment but had returned to normal after 7 d. 3. Adrenal mass was not affected by treatment but hypertrophy was evident after 14 d of recovery. Relative adrenal weight was greater in the treated group throughout the recovery period. 4. Adrenal cholesterol stores were depleted at the end of treatment, were repleted after 7 d but significantly depleted again at 14 d. 5. Plasma glucose concentration was not affected by treatment but birds were hyperglycaemic 7 and 14 d after treatment had ceased. 6. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations were not affected at any time. 7. Plasma corticosterone concentration was not affected by the treatment but 7 d later it was greater in the treated birds. 8. Significant correlations between plasma glucose, FFA and corticosterone were found. 相似文献