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1.
于2006年7～8月通过对京西百花山区6种植物群落凋落物的不同分解层次的蓄积量、自然含水率、最大持水率、吸水速度以及有效拦蓄水量进行测定。研究结果表明：凋落物蓄积量油松（Pinus tabulaef ormis）群落最高达到18.5 t/hm^2,杂类草凋落物最低只有3.9 t/hm^2,同一植物群落凋落物不同层次蓄积量未分解层低于半分解层,自然含水率未分解层低于半分解层,不同层次自然含水率差值最大的青杨（Populuscathayana）凋落物差值为97.1%;同一植物群落凋落物不同层次持水能力,半分解层高于未分解层,从中证明凋落物的持水能力与其分解程度有关;研究结果还表明,所有的凋落物按其吸水速度的快慢都可将其吸水过程分为3个阶段：快速吸水阶段（0～1.0 h）、缓慢吸水阶段（1.0～5.0 h）、停滞吸水阶段（24.0 h）;不同植物群落凋落物层对降雨的有效拦蓄量由高到低的排列顺序依次为青杨〉刺槐〉油松〉野艾蒿〉荆条〉杂类草,相关分析得出凋落物对降雨的有效拦蓄量与凋落物蓄积量、最大持水率成正相关关系,特别是与最大持水率相关系数（0.839 6）达极显蓍水平。  相似文献   

2.
京西百花山区6种植物群落凋落物持水性能研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  
于2006年7~8月通过对京西百花山区6种植物群落凋落物的不同分解层次的蓄积量、自然含水率、最大持水率、吸水速度以及有效拦蓄水量进行测定。研究结果表明:凋落物蓄积量油松(Pinus tabulaef ormis)群落最高达到18.5 t/hm2,杂类草凋落物最低只有3.9 t/hm2,同一植物群落凋落物不同层次蓄积量未分解层低于半分解层,自然含水率未分解层低于半分解层,不同层次自然含水率差值最大的青杨(Populuscathayana)凋落物差值为97.1%;同一植物群落凋落物不同层次持水能力,半分解层高于未分解层,从中证明凋落物的持水能力与其分解程度有关;研究结果还表明,所有的凋落物按其吸水速度的快慢都可将其吸水过程分为3个阶段:快速吸水阶段(0~1.0 h)、缓慢吸水阶段(1.0~5.0 h)、停滞吸水阶段(24.0 h);不同植物群落凋落物层对降雨的有效拦蓄量由高到低的排列顺序依次为青杨>刺槐>油松>野艾蒿>荆条>杂类草,相关分析得出凋落物对降雨的有效拦蓄量与凋落物蓄积量、最大持水率成正相关关系,特别是与最大持水率相关系数(0.839 6)达极显蓍水平。  相似文献   

3.
以161个公里网格样地为基础,对尖峰岭热带雨林原始林和不同采伐方式(径级择伐和皆伐)下天然更新的次生林凋落物储量、持水量、持水率和吸水速率进行了研究。结果表明,原始林、径级择伐林和皆伐林的凋落物储量分别为6.42,6.29和6.66t/hm2;最大持水量分别为9.55,10.49和11.17t/hm2。3类型森林凋落物最大持水率大小依次为皆伐林(169.2%)>径级择伐林(168.0%)>原始林(155.6%),经Kruskal—Wallis H检验表明,原始林、径级择伐林和皆伐林凋落物最大持水率间差异显著。凋落物持水量和凋落物持水率随着浸泡时间的增加符合W=alnt+b模型而变化,凋落物吸水速率随着浸泡时间的增加依W=at-b模型下降。  相似文献   

4.
2010年,采用野外实地观测与室内浸水法,对甘肃兴隆山青杄林、青杄—白桦林林下苔藓和凋落物的累积量、持水量、持水率和吸水速率进行了研究。结果表明:(1)青杄—白桦林和青杄林下苔藓及凋落物层总厚度7.10~8.30cm,总重量24.66~30.69t/hm2,青杄—白桦林均高于青杄林;(2)苔藓层最大持水率明显高于凋落物层,但凋落物层最大持水量是苔藓层的11.15倍;(3)苔藓层和凋落物层持水率在开始浸水时增加较快,0.5h后增幅逐渐减慢,浸水10h后基本趋于某一稳定值;(4)凋落物层最大拦蓄量、有效拦蓄量分别是苔藓层的10.41和10.27倍;凋落物层在对降水二次分配及在吸持降水过程中发挥着重要作用,并且位于主导地位。  相似文献   

5.
南亚热带5种典型人工林凋落物水文效应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
以广西国有高峰林场的5种不同人工林(马尾松林、杉木林、桉树林、米老排林、红锥林)为研究对象,结合野外调查和室内浸水法,对各人工林凋落物层的水文效应进行定量分析。结果表明:(1)5种林分凋落物蓄积量范围在1.96～9.05 t/hm~2,大小顺序为红锥林杉木林马尾松林桉树林米老排林。(2)5种林分凋落物中,杉木林最大持水量最大,为14.23 t/hm~2,马尾松林最小,为6.26 t/hm~2;米老排林凋落物最大持水率最大,为577.98%,红锥林最小,为135.46%。(3)杉木林凋落物的有效拦蓄量最大,为10.18 t/hm~2,马尾松林最小,为4.07 t/hm~2;米老排林凋落物有效拦蓄率最大,为463.35%,红锥林最小,为92.38%。(4)回归分析表明,凋落物持水量与浸水时间的关系符合对数函数关系(Q=aln t+b(R~20.773)),凋落物吸水速率和浸水时间的关系符合幂函数关系(V=kt~n(R~20.997))。持水过程中,各林分凋落物均表现为在1 h内持水量迅速增加,1 h后增加速度变慢,在10～12 h之后,吸水基本停止。综上,杉木林、米老排林凋落物层水源涵养功能较强。  相似文献   

6.
滨海沙地不同人工林凋落物现存量及其持水特性   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  
为了研究滨海沙地沿海防护林凋落物水源涵养功能,采用野外调查和室内浸泡相结合,对滨海沙地4种典型人工林(木麻黄林、湿地松林、尾巨桉林和纹荚相思林)不同分解阶段的凋落物现存量、持水率、持水量和吸水速率进行研究。结果表明:相同林龄的4种人工林凋落物现存量表现为木麻黄林(19.12 t/hm~2)湿地松林(17.51 t/hm~2)尾巨桉林(10.90 t/hm~2)纹荚相思林(10.13 t/hm~2),半分解层凋落物储量占比高于未分解层;4种人工林最大持水率在140.55%～206.47%,为尾巨桉林纹荚相思林木麻黄林湿地松林,最大持水量在20.75～30.85 t/hm~2,为木麻黄林湿地松林尾巨桉林纹荚相思林,4种人工林凋落物最大持水率和最大持水量均为半分解层大于未分解层,不同分解阶段凋落物持水率和持水量与浸水时间呈对数关系;4种人工林不同分解阶段凋落物平均吸水速率在前0.25 h内差异较大,未分解层中尾巨桉林最大为2.05 mm/h,半分解层中湿地松林最大为4.32 mm/h,不同分解阶段凋落物吸水速率与浸水时间均存在幂函数关系;凋落物有效拦蓄深为木麻黄林(2.45 mm)湿地松林(2.04 mm)尾巨桉林(1.87 mm)纹荚相思林(1.72 mm)。综合来看,木麻黄林凋落物的持水能力最强,湿地松林次之,之后是尾巨桉林和纹荚相思林,说明从凋落物水源涵养能力来看,木麻黄林和湿地松林更利于滨海沙地的水源涵养。  相似文献   

7.
不同发育阶段杉木人工林凋落物的生态水文功能   总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2  
对福建三明莘口教学林场不同发育阶段杉木人工林进行凋落物现存量、持水特性及失水特性研究。结果表明:不同发育阶段杉木人工林凋落物的现存量表现为老龄林(3.47t/hm2)>中龄林(2.24t/hm2)>幼龄林(1.53t/hm2)。凋落物持水量表现为老龄林>中龄林>幼龄林;最大持水量表现为老龄林(11.8t/hm2)>中龄林(7.73t/hm2)>幼龄林(4.24t/hm2);最大持水率表现为中龄林(477.48%)>幼龄林(376.57%)>老龄林(291.98%);最大失水量表现为老龄林(4.29t/hm2)>中龄林(2.91t/hm2)>幼龄林(1.71t/hm2);最大失水率表现为中龄林(129.90%)>老龄林(124.15%)>幼龄林(112.04%)。凋落物层吸水速率均表现在前0.5h内最快,说明凋落物层具有快速拦截地表径流的作用。凋落物的持水量、持水率、失水量、失水率与时间之间的最佳拟合关系式为W=a+bln t;吸水速率、失水速率与时间之间的最佳拟合关系式为V=atb。老林龄杉木凋落物层具有现存量大、持水量大、吸水速率强等特点,具有较强的生态水文功能。  相似文献   

8.
贺兰山4种典型森林类型凋落物持水性能研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
采用野外实地观测与室内浸提法,对贺兰山4种典型森林类型(油松青海云杉混交林、油松山杨混交林、油松纯林和青海云杉纯林)林地凋落物的储量、持水量、持水率和吸水速率进行了研究。结果表明:4种类型的林分凋落物储量大小依次为青海云杉纯林>油松云杉混交林>油松纯林>油松山杨混交林;油松纯林、油松云杉混交林、青海云杉纯林和油松山杨混交林的凋落物最大持水量分别为38.46,40.11,46.78,36.35t/hm2;最大持水率分别为152.56%、150.79%、144.43%和184.14%,各林分凋落物的持水量和持水率都随着浸泡时间的增加按照对数方程增加;吸水速率呈现油松山杨混交林>油松云杉混交林≥油松纯林>青海云杉纯林,且各林分的凋落物吸水速率随浸泡时间的增长按幂函数方程下降。有效拦蓄量林型间变化范围为10.7～15.73t/hm2,油松山杨混交林最大,为15.73t/hm2,油松纯林(14.05t/hm2)和油松云杉混交林(11.98t/hm2)次之,青海云杉纯林最小,仅为10.7t/hm2。  相似文献   

9.
珠江流域中游主要森林类型凋落物持水特性   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
采用野外实地调查与室内分析相结合的方法,对珠江流域中游苍梧县的5种森林类型的凋落物累积量和持水量、持水率、吸水速率等持水特性进行了研究。结果表明:不同森林类型凋落物总储量为湿地松(Pinus elliottii)+荷木(Schima superba)混交林(40.18t/hm~2)桉树(Eucalyptus)林(11.77t/hm~2)马尾松(Pinus massoniana)林(10.97t/hm~2)红锥(Castanopsis hystrix)林(8.75t/hm~2)大叶栎(Quercus griffithii)林(7.71t/hm~2),且半分解层累积量所占比例均大于未分解层,马尾松林则相反;5种森林类型不同分解程度的凋落物持水量和持水率与浸泡时间均呈对数关系,吸水速率与浸泡时间呈幂函数关系;凋落物最大持水量为13.12~77.09t/hm~2,湿地松+荷木混交林最大,红锥林最小;最大持水率为150.8~187.9%,大叶栎林最大,红锥林最小;有效拦蓄量为8.26~49.31t/hm~2,大小顺序为湿地松+荷木混交林大叶栎林红锥林桉树林马尾松林。综合考虑,研究区5种森林类型中湿地松+荷木针阔混交林持水能力最强,且优势明显,因此,水源涵养林宜优先选择针阔混交林模式。  相似文献   

10.
东江中上游主要森林类型枯落物的持水特性   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6  
为了定量评价森林枯落物的水文功能,通过浸水法和野外观测,调查了东江中上游主要森林植被类型枯落物的蓄积量,分析了枯落物的持水能力与过程。结果表明,枯落物蓄积量介于4.76～12.13t/hm2,表现为针阔混交林杉木林阔叶林马尾松林杂灌林;不同森林类型的枯落物最大持水量为4.89～18.17t/hm2,最大拦蓄量为3.34～14.39t/hm2,有效拦蓄量为2.60～11.66t/hm2,均表现为杉木林针阔混交林阔叶林杂灌林马尾松林。枯落物浸水实验表明,枯落物持水率与浸水时间存在对数曲线关系,而枯落物吸水速率与浸泡时间呈反函数关系;不同森林类型枯落物持水率和吸水速率随时间的动态变化规律基本相似。随浸水历时的延长,枯落物持水率呈增加趋势,在浸泡10～12h后,持水率增幅趋于平缓;不同森林类型枯落物吸水速率在前2h内变化最快,之后逐渐变缓,24h时吸水基本停止。  相似文献   

11.
Tetrahymena pyriformis cultures were maintained when transferred serially in solutions containing 105 to 107Klebsiella pneumoniae cells.ml?1, bacterial numbers that were observed to persist in the presence of protozoa. The number of cells of one strain of K. pneumoniae surviving predation in solution was essentially the same in the absence of an alternative prey as in the presence of a second K. pneumoniae strain. Toxins deleterious to protozoa did not appear as the animal consumed the bacteria. T. pyriformis reduced the abundance of Escherichia coli from about 108 to 106.ml?1. but the latter number persisted for 15 days; however, in solutions containing chloramphenicol, the abundance of E. coli fell to 590 cells. ml?1 in 15 days. In solutions containing the antibiotic, T. pyriformis reduced the Rhizobium sp. population from more than 106 to less than 103 cells in 10 days and K. pneumoniae from more than 108.ml?1 to zero in 18 days. An appreciable decline in abundance of these bacteria did not occur in the antibiotic-amended liquid free of protozoa. T. pyriformis did not greatly reduce Rhizobium sp. numbers when both were added to irradiated soil, but the predator caused the bacterial population to decline from 4 × 108 to fewer than 105.g?1 in 16 days in chloramphenicol-treated soil. Colpoda sp. inoculated with Rhizobium sp. into soil sterilized by autoclaving only reduced the prey abundance from 109 to 108.g?1, but the protozoan caused the bacterial population to fall to about 100.g?1 in 15 days in the presence of the antibiotic. The population of Rhizobium sp. added to nonsterile soil dropped from in excess of 108 to 6 × 106.g?1 in 29 days. but it declined to 550. g?1 in the same period when chloramphenicol was also introduced. It is concluded that the ability of these bacteria to maintain themselves in solution and in soil is governed by their capacity to reproduce and replace the cells consumed by predation.  相似文献   

12.
The ionic composition of total suspended particulate (TSP) and fine (PM2.5) fractions was investigated from an 1,100 site in the middle of Mt. Halla in Jeju Island, Korea from March to November 2006. The sum concentrations of cation and anion species in TSP fraction were 205 ± 170 and 183 ± 164 neq m?3, respectively, while those for PM2.5 as 118 ± 129 and 88.5 ± 89.3 neq m?3, respectively. In TSP, the concentration of the major ions changed in the order of SO4 2? > NH4 + > Ca2+ > Na+ > NO3 ? > Mg2+ > K+ > Cl?, while its PM2.5 counterpart as NH4 + > SO4 2? > Ca2+ > NO3 ? > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+ > Cl?. Inspection of the temporal variabilities of ionic components indicated that most ions peaked in spring or fall months. The back trajectory analysis showed that the atmospheric composition of the major ionic species was affected fairly sensitively by long-range transport from China under the favorable meteorological conditions. In contrast, the lowest ionic concentration levels were seen most abundantly, when air masses passed from South Sea. Hence, the analysis of ionic concentration data suggests that their distributions are controlled by the combined effects of various source processes including the most prominent Chinese origin and the meteorological condition favorable for such transport.  相似文献   

13.
两种退耕还林模式对土壤微生物优势类群的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以两种退耕还林模式的桦木林地、苦竹林地和农耕地(对照)为对象,对各样地土壤微生物优势类群数量的季节性动态变化、垂直分布特征及其与土壤酶活性的相关性进行了研究。结果表明,土壤微生物的优势类群为微球菌属(Micrococcus)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、游动放线菌属(Actinoplanes)、酵母菌(未定属)、木霉菌属(Trichoderma)这6类。两种退耕还林模式下土壤优势微生物类群数量存在差异,春、夏、秋三季均为苦竹林所占比例最大,冬季为桦木林最大。两种林地和农耕地土壤微生物优势类群数量季节性变化规律为微球菌和酵母菌在夏、冬季较大,春、秋季较少;芽孢杆菌在秋季最大,夏季最小;游动放线菌与木霉菌数量在四季中变化不大;链霉菌是夏季最高,冬季最少。各优势微生物类群数量的垂直分布特征表现为微球菌、游动放线菌、木霉菌随土壤层的加深其数量逐渐降低,芽孢杆菌、链霉菌数量则随土壤层的加深而逐渐增加,酵母菌随土壤层的加深其数量减少,但趋势不明显。两种林地对各优势微生物类群数量的根际效应为:链霉菌和木霉菌的R/S值大于1,酵母菌的R/S值小于1,微球菌和游动放线菌在桦木林的R/S值大于1而在苦竹林小于1。在优势微生物类群和土壤酶之间,微球菌与转化酶,芽孢杆菌与纤维素酶,木霉和游动放线菌与过氧化氢酶,酵母与脲酶呈显著正相关关系。  相似文献   

14.
An integrated model was developed to simulate the temporal change and spatial variation of temperature and spatial distribution of TM (total mass) and MC (moisture content) of the final compost for composting process of sewage sludge. The model included biodegradation kinetics of organic matter and balance equations of energy and mass. First-order assumption was applied to describe the biodegradation process with correction functions of temperature, oxygen, MC, and FAS (free air space). The transfer process was considered in balance equations of energy and mass. A finite difference method was used to solve the model. Two trials of 0.21 m3 were run to estimate parameters and evaluate the simulation. The model could predict TM and VS (volatile solid) of the final compost well, temporal trend of oxygen concentration and water removal, and also a good fitting of the temporal and spatial change of temperature. Hrx (reaction enthalpy of biodegradable volatile solid) and ηBVS (mass fraction of biodegradable volatile solid) were considered the most sensitive parameters based on the sensitivity analysis. Future research was suggested to focus on reasonable humidity assumption, measuring accurate value of thermodynamics and kinetics parameters of sewage sludge, and simulating the composting process with different aeration modes and turning of the pile.  相似文献   

15.
It was revealed that the influence of soluble salts on the hydrophysical properties of clayed minerals depends on the nature of minerals, the properties and state of salt (in solution or sorbing), and the region of fundamental hydrophysical characteristics (FHCH). The treatment of clayed minerals by NaCl, MgCl2, Ca(CH3COO)2, and ZnCl2 solutions increased their water-retention in the range NaCl > MgCl2 > Ca(CH3COO)2 ≈ ZnCl2. Pb(CH3COO)2 decreased the water-retaining ability of clayed minerals in all the FHCH range. A differential characteristic of the action MgCl2, Ca(CH3COO)2, and ZnCl2 on smectite is decrease of capillary water deduction.  相似文献   

16.
In this study, the soil structure of two soils (Haplic Chernozem and Eutric Fluvisol) of different land uses (forest, meadow, urban and agro-ecosystem – consisted of four crop rotations) in Slovakia was compared. The soil aggregate stability was determined with a dependence on the chemical composition of plant residues. The quantity and quality of the organic matter was assessed through the parameters of the C and N in size fractions of dry-sieved and water-resistant aggregates. The soil structure of the forest ecosystem was evaluated as the best of all of forms of land use. Differences in the soil structure under the grass vegetation of a meadow (natural conditions) and urban ecosystem were also recorded. The agro-ecosystem was characterised by a higher portion (55.95%) of the most valuable (agronomically) water-resistant aggregate size fraction of 0.5–3 mm. Values of the carbon management index showed that the larger water-resistant aggregates were, the greater were the changes in the organic matter (r = ?0.680, P < 0.05). In addition, a smaller content of dry-sieved aggregates of the 3–5 mm size fraction was observed with higher contents of soil organic carbon (SOC) (r = ?0.728, P < 0.05) and labile carbon (CL) (r = ?0.760, P < 0.05); there were also greater changes in the soil organic matter and vice versa, higher contents of SOC (r = 0.744, P < 0.05) and CL (r = 0.806, P < 0.05) greater contents of dry-sieved aggregates of size fraction 0.5–1 mm. The soil structure of agro-ecosystem was superior at a higher content of cellulose (r = ?0.712, P < 0.05) in the plant residues. The higher content of cellulose and hemicellulose in the plant residue of a previous crop was reflected in a smaller CL content in the water-resistant aggregates (r = ?0.984, P < 0.05). A correlation was observed between a high content of lignin in the plant residue and a smaller SOC content in the water-resistant aggregates (r = ?0.967, P < 0.05). Lastly, a higher content of proteins in the plant residues (r = 0.744, P < 0.05) supported a greater content of dry-sieved aggregates of the 0.5–1 mm size fraction.  相似文献   

17.
利用玻璃微电极技术测定了扬稻6号(籼稻)幼苗根尖细胞在吸收不同NO3-浓度(0.01、0.02、0.1、0.2、0.5、1.0和2.0.mmol/L)过程中膜电位的变化。结果表明,1)水稻根系吸收NO3-引起膜的去极化,去极化到一定程度后出现复极化;有小部分水稻根表现为超极化。在0.01～1.0.mmol/L范围内,去极化大小随外界NO3-浓度的增加而增加,且差异显著(P0.05)。0.01.mmol/L.NO3-产生较小的去极化,平均为3.8.mV;0.5.mmol/L.NO3-产生了最大去极化,平均为40.2.mV;当外界NO3-浓度大于1.0.mmol/L时膜电位去极化大小呈下降趋势。根系吸收不同浓度的NO3-而使膜电位去极化的进程符合Michaelis-Menten动力学。2)复极化有部分复极化和完全复极化两种。超极化也有两种:一种是膜电位先超极化,后缓慢复极化;另一种是先出现一个小的去极化,然后是较大幅度的超极化。3)运输蛋白抑制剂PGO抑制了根系吸收NO3-而产生的膜电位的响应。4)对于经CaSO4溶液预培养的水稻来说,C2+主要引起膜电位超极化。  相似文献   

18.
太行山低山丘陵区不同植物群落物种多样性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文
 通过样地法对小浪底水库库区山地生态系统不同群落间的Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)、Simpson指数(D1)、Margalef物种丰富度(D2)、种间相遇概率(P)和Pielou均匀度指数(Jsw)等多样性指数进行研究,利用统计方法分析不同群落的物种多样性指数与其所处环境的关系。结果表明:1)物种多样性指数和丰富度指数与群落类型有密切关系,同一类型的群落中,多样性指数随演替时间表现出复杂的关系;2)土壤含水量对H′、P、Jsw、D1等呈极显著的正相关性,土壤厚度与H′、D1、P呈显著正相关性;多样性指数与坡度无相关性;土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷等养分指标与多样性指数H′、D1有显著的正相关;3)多样性指数H′与乔木、灌木群落生物量表现为正相关关系,草本群落与D1相关性不显著;4)乔木林群落的恢复时间与Jsw、H′呈正相关关系,其余多样性指数(P、D1、D2)与恢复时间关系不显著(P>0.05);恢复时间每增加10a,群落物种数平均增加约6种;5)物种多样性指数H′与灌木的盖度和高度呈极显著正相关性;有些单优群落随高度增加和盖度提高,多样性指数反而表现出降低;6)草本植物群落的高度和盖度与物种丰富度指数D2与呈显著的负相关关系,与H′相关性不显著。  相似文献   

19.
Abstract

A field experiment was conducted on Maury silt loam soil (Typic Paleudalf) during 2 years to determine the effects of rate of nitrapyrin and source of N fertilizer on soil pH and response of burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.cv.xKy‐14'). All sources of N were applied at the rate of 280 kg N ha‐1. The information was needed to increase the efficiency of N fertilizer use and improve the growth and safety of tobacco.

Results indicated that application of a NO3 ‐source of N fertilizer or low rates of nitrapyrin (0.56 to 2.24 kg ha‐1) decreased surface soil acidification and the concentration of plant Mn, while plant dry weight early in the growing season was increased. The early growth benefits noted for .nitrapyrin did not lead to increased cured leaf yields or value. Cured leaf yield and value were highest in plots receiving Ca(NO3)2, followed by KH4NO3, then urea.

Concentration of protein N, total alkaloids, and total volatile nitrogenous bases of cured leaves increased and NO3 ‐‐N decreased as rate of nitrapyrin increased. Total N concentration of cured leaf, however, was not significantly affected by nitrapyrin application, indicating that the proportion of absorbed N as NH4 +increased as nitrapyrin rate increased.  相似文献   

20.
A wheat seedling rhizobox approach was used to differentiate between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere (bulk) soil amended with low and high rates of biochar (20 and 60 t ha−1 vs. control). Nitrate (NO3−) was added as the main nitrogen (N) source because emerging biochar research points to reduced NO3− loss through leaching and gaseous loss as nitrous oxide. The rhizosphere under the different treatments were distinct (P = 0.021), with greater soil-NO3− and biochar-NO3− contents in the high biochar treatment. Biochar addition increased wheat root length ratio (P = 0.053) and lowered root N uptake (P = 0.017), yet plant biomass and N content were similar between treatments. The results indicate localisation of NO3− within the rhizosphere of biochar-amended soils which has implications for NO3− loss and improved nitrogen use efficiency.  相似文献   

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