共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
ms-np是一个源于自然突变的水稻雄性不育突变体,明显较正常植株矮小,叶色浓绿。小花解剖观察发现,突变体小花花丝细长,花药干瘪,呈白色透明状,但雄性器官的数量和雌性器官正常。碘染证实,突变体的花药壁内没有花粉粒着色,是一个典型的无花粉型雄性不育材料。5个F2和2个BC1F1群体的遗传分析显示,该突变性状受1对隐性基因控制。对组合ms-np/M63衍生F2不育单株的连锁分析表明,ms-np(t)基因位于水稻第6 染色体微卫星标记RM541和RM343之间,遗传距离分别为15.2 cM和7.9 cM。 相似文献
2.
水稻产量和品质受花器官发育的直接影响, 因此对水稻颖花发育机理的研究将有助于水稻产量和品质的遗传改良。在籼稻C2与2480的杂交后代中发现了一个多柱头突变体, 与野生型相比, 该突变体植株矮化、穗变小、开花延迟和育性降低。颖花解剖发现, 其浆片正常, 柱头和雌蕊数量增加, 雄蕊数目明显减少, 并伴随不同程度的雌雄蕊畸形。以突变体作母本, 构建群体进行遗传分析, 结果显示所有F1均表现正常, F2群体出现3∶1性状分离, 证实该突变性状受1对隐性基因控制。利用微卫星标记进行连锁分析, 将该基因定位于水稻第6染色体上标记RM3183和RM3827之间, 遗传距离分别为2.2 cM和12.0 cM, 且与RM11951、RM19953和RM19961共分离。ISM(t)是一个新的水稻花器官发育控制基因, 本研究为该基因的克隆和功能研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
3.
水稻抗白叶枯病新基因Xa32（t）的鉴定和初步定位 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过多菌系接种鉴定及抗谱分析,并与目前国际上已知抗白叶枯病基因比较,证明在水稻抗源C4064中含有一个新的抗白叶枯病基因,暂命名为Xa32(t)。应用分离集团分析法(BSA),借助SSR和EST等分子标记,对该基因进行了分子标记定位。通过对F2分离群体及F3家系单株进行遗传连锁性检测,发现6个位于水稻第11染色体长臂末端的分子标记RM27256、RM27274、RM2064、ZCK24、RM6293和RM5926与Xa32(t)基因连锁。它们与Xa32(t)基因间的遗传距离分别为2.1、1.0、1.0、0.5、1.5和2.6 cM。其中标记RM6293和RM5926位于染色体近端粒一侧,其他4个标记RM27256、RM27274、RM2064和ZCK24位于基因的另一侧。将Xa32(t)定位在水稻第11染色体长臂末端2.0 cM范围内。 相似文献
4.
叶片形态是理想株型的重要指标之一,叶片适度卷曲有利于理想株型的建成,是水稻超高产育种的重要材料。在EMS诱变籼稻缙恢10号群体中发现一个卷叶突变体,表现叶片筒状卷曲,经过多代连续自交,性状稳定,命名为rl13 (rolled leaf 13)。rl13的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量均显著高于野生型对照缙恢10号,类胡萝卜素含量在苗期、孕穗期与野生型相比有显著提高,而抽穗期和成熟期则差异不显著。rl13的三片功能叶的卷曲度与野生型相比均达到极显著差异,但rl13的三片功能叶之间差异不显著。通过石蜡切片分析,突变体叶肉细胞层数变薄,野生型含有的一个较大泡状细胞转变为卷叶突变体的两个大小相近的泡状细胞,导致了叶片弯曲。以该突变体为父本,西农1A为母本配制杂交组合构建F2遗传群体,结果表明,该卷叶性状由一对隐性核基因控制。选用F2代分离群体中的1 215个隐性单株作为定位群体,将RL13定位在第6染色体短臂上分子标记RM276和SWU6-1之间,遗传距离分别为1.1 cM和0.2 cM。 相似文献
5.
水稻抗白叶枯病基因Xa14的遗传定位 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Xa14是一个高抗菲律宾白叶枯病生理小种5的显性基因,Taura等将它定位在水稻第4染色体长臂末端。本研究利用中国国家基因中心的水稻第4染色体测序结果,用SSR标记对Xa14进行遗传定位,为进一步用图位克隆法克隆该基因奠定基础。利用775株IRBB14/IR24 F2中的145株高感群体,将基因Xa14限定在SSR标记HZR970-8和HZR988-1之间的区间,与两个分子标记的距离各为0.34 cM,并找到了在该群体中与基因共分离的HZR645-4、HZR669-2、HZR669-5和HZR669-7四个SSR标记。利用763株IRBB14/珍珠矮F2中158株高感群体,将基因Xa14限定在分子标记HZR648-5与RM280之间的区段,找到了一个与基因紧密连锁的SSR标记HZR648-5,与基因的距离为1.90 cM。将两个F2群体的定位结果进行整合,表明Xa14位于分子标记HZR970-8和HZR988-1之间的3个BAC克隆上,并与这两个标记紧密连锁。 相似文献
6.
在农杆菌介导的转基因组织培养再生后代中发现了一个无绒有絮的纤维发育突变体,通过自交选择T3代获得其纯合体,命名为CM突变体。尽管CM突变体从转基因后代中发现,但和转基因插入位点无关,推测是在组织培养过程中产生的点突变所致。通过与陆地棉遗传标准系TM-1,海岛棉军海1号,以及新乡小吉无绒有絮(XinFLM),新乡小吉无绒无絮(XinWX),徐州142无绒无絮(XZ142WX),显性光子N1N1,隐性光子n2n2、SL-7-1、MD17及T586等一系列纤维发育突变体分别配制F2组合进行突变基因的遗传及等位性分析,结果表明CM突变体与纤维发育正常的TM-1和军海1号杂交,F1表型均为无绒有絮,F2表现无绒有絮和有绒有絮3∶1分离,说明该突变体与纤维发育正常材料相比,在短绒发育方面存在一个位点的差异,该突变性状由单显性基因控制。等位性测验及分子定位均表明, 控制该突变体短绒的基因与控制N1N1显性光子的N1基因等位。扫描电镜进一步证明该基因突变会造成纤维起始突起延迟。与N1N1突变体相比,CM突变体的衣分比N1N1显著高,而百粒重比N1N1极显著低。推测CM突变体中的突变基因与显性N1基因为复等位基因。 相似文献
7.
大豆对大豆花叶病毒株系SC6和SC17抗病基因的精细定位 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对我国北方和长江流域大豆产区广泛分布的SMV株系SC6和SC17,利用2个抗病大豆品种Q0926和中豆35分别与感病品种南农1138-2和南农菜豆5号配制2个抗感杂交组合Q0926×南农1138-2和中豆35×南农菜豆5号以及一个抗抗组合Q0926×中豆35,研究3个组合的F1、F2、F2:3抗性遗传规律,探讨Q0926对SC6和中豆35对SC17及2个抗病品种对同一SMV株系抗性基因的等位关系,并对大豆对2个株系的抗病基因进行了标记定位。结果显示,Q0926×南农1138-2和中豆35×南农菜豆5号2个抗感杂交组合在分别接种SC6和SC17后,F1表现抗病,F2呈3抗∶1感分离比例,F2:3家系呈1抗∶2分离∶1感病的分离比率,表明Q0926对SC6和中豆35对SC17的抗病性分别由1对显性基因控制;抗抗组合Q0926×中豆35的F1和F2在接种2个株系后均未发现感病单株,表明Q0926与中豆35对SC6和SC17株系的抗病基因分别是等位或紧密连锁的。分别利用2个抗感组合的F2和F2:3群体对2个抗病基因的定位结果显示,第2染色体上的25个SSR标记与抗SC6的基因RSC6连锁,最近的2个标记与抗性基因RSC6的排列次序和遗传距离为BARCSOYSSR_02_0617(0.775 cM)-RSC6-BARCSOYSSR_02_0621(0.519 cM);第2染色体上的38个SSR标记与抗SC17的基因RSC17连锁。最近的2个标记与抗性基因RSC17的排列次序和遗传距离为BARCSOYSSR_02_0622(0.264 cM)-RSC17-BARCSOYSSR_02_0627(0.262 cM),其对应的物理区间分别为52 kb和60 kb。抗性遗传研究为抗大豆花叶病毒育种的亲本选配、后代选择提供了理论指导,抗性基因的标记定位研究为抗性基因的分子标记辅助选择和抗病基因的图位克隆奠定了基础。 相似文献
8.
全基因组导入系是遗传和育种研究的重要材料。导入系经受体亲本和供体亲本间连续杂交、回交构建而成, BC1F1群体大小是获得理想导入系群体的关键参数。然而, 各物种所需要的最小群体尚不清楚, 并且难以通过试验确定。本研究通过编写程序, 模拟减数分裂时的重组过程研究适宜的群体大小, 并通过数学运算和试验验证程序的可靠性。结果表明, 编程模拟与数学计算和试验结果一致。BC1F1群体大小与连锁群数目、连锁群长度和基因密度之间均为正相关。当模拟连锁群从5个增加到40个时, 群体大小需要由6.06增加到9.49; 当模拟连锁群长度从80 cM增加到200 cM时, 需要的群体大小从7.14增加到8.64; 当模拟基因密度从每基因20 cM缩小到每基因5 cM时, 群体大小从7.65增加到8.22。为测试该程序的应用范围, 对水稻、小麦、玉米、大豆等主要作物进行了BC1F1群体大小模拟,在保证95%的概率覆盖全基因组条件下, 水稻需要的群体最少, 为12个个体, 小麦和大豆均需13个个体, 玉米需要的个体数最多, 为14~15个。 相似文献
9.
通过EMS诱变日本晴获得了s2-9和s1-146a两个矮秆突变体,其植株矮小,成熟期株高分别为日本晴的26.3%和19.2%;苗期叶片较宽,叶色深绿;穗型仍为散穗但穗长变短,粒型未发生改变。对水稻胚乳的α-淀粉酶诱导实验表明,这两个矮秆突变体与GA的信号传导途径无关,外源活性GA3对水稻幼苗株高的促进实验显示它们应与赤霉素的生物合成有关。利用突变体与籼稻品种Dular分别杂交构建了F2群体,精细定位表明这2个突变体的表型与水稻Dwarf18 (D18)基因紧密连锁。序列分析发现这两个矮秆突变体的D18基因均发生了突变：在s2-9突变体中D18基因的内含子3'' 拼接点发生单碱基突变,s1-146a中D18基因编码区的单碱基突变导致提前终止密码子的出现。RT-PCR结果显示,在s1-146a中D18基因表达明显增强,但在s2-9中未检测到D18基因的表达。 相似文献
10.
水稻条斑花叶突变体生态st(t) 的鉴定与遗传定位 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用EMS诱变育成优良籼型恢复系缙恢10号,从其后代中鉴定出一个白色条斑花叶突变体st(t),在三叶期开始表现白斑,拔节期白斑变为不规则线状,一直保持到成熟。突变体叶绿素含量明显下降,类胡萝卜素含量显著升高。透射电镜观察表明,突变体的绿色叶片部位与野生型相比,在细胞结构上无明显差异,叶绿体发育正常;突变体的白化部位细胞结构异常,质体内多含有积聚在一起的嗜锇小球,不能发育出正常叶绿体所具有的类囊体和基质片层结构。遗传分析表明该性状受一对隐性核基因调控,利用1 500株西农1A/st(t)的F2隐性定位群体,最终把St(t)基因定位在第6染色体SSR标记RM19745和RM19762之间,遗传距离分别为0.07 cM和0.27 cM,根据9311基因组序列推测,两标记之间的物理距离约为345 kb。这为St(t)基因的图位克隆和分子标记辅助育种奠定了基础。 相似文献
11.
Molecular mapping of the fertility-restoration gene Rf4 for WA-cytoplasmic male sterility in rice 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS‐WA) system, an ideal type of sporophytic CMS in indica rice, is used for the large‐scale commercial production of hybrid rice. Searching for restorer genes is a good approach when phenotyping is very time‐consuming and requires the determination of spikelet sterility in testcross progeny. To establish more precisely the genetical and physical maps of the Rf4 gene, high‐resolution mapping of this locus was carried out using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and newly designed markers in a F2 population. The genetic linkage analysis indicated that five SSR markers (RM6737, RM304, RM171, RM5841 and RM228) on the long arm of chromosome 10 were linked with the Rf4 gene. Rf4 was flanked by two SSR markers RM171 and RM6737 at distances of 3.2 and 1.6 cM, respectively. Also, within the region between Rf4 gene and RM171, a newly designed primer pair, AB443, produced two sterile‐specific markers, AB443‐400 and AB443‐500, 0.5 and 1.03 cM from the gene. The flanking markers identified give promise for their application in molecular marker‐assisted selection (MAS) and they are also suitable for starting chromosome walking to clone Rf4 gene in the near future. 相似文献
12.
发掘水稻新型雄性不育细胞质源CMS-FA,育成系列优质米不育系和系列新质源恢复系,组配成强优势杂交稻组合的基础上研究新质源雄性不育恢复系的恢复基因遗传。采用新质源(CMS-FA)不育系金农1A与恢复系金恢3号杂交获得杂交F1代种子,种植F1代,收获自交F2代种子。用F1分别与不育系或保持系回交,获得(不育系//不育系/恢复系和不育系/恢复系//保持系)2个测交群体。同时种植P1、P2、F1、F2、B1F1和B2F1等群体,考察花粉染色率、套袋结实率和自然结实率,卡平方测验遗传分离适合度。结果表明,不育系与恢复系杂交F1代正常可育,育性恢复(可育)基因为显性遗传。F2代分离出可育︰不育适合3︰1,育性恢复(可育)基因为1对显性基因控制。B1F1和B2F1代2个测交群体的可育︰不育都适合1︰1分离规律,验证了F2代育性恢复(可育)单基因的遗传模式。暂时确定新质源(CMS-FA)核质互作三系的基因型为不育系S(SS)、保持系F(SS)和恢复系S(FF)。 相似文献
13.
N. K. Sheeba B. C. Viraktamath S. Sivaramakrishnan M. G. Gangashetti Pawan Khera R. M. Sundaram 《Euphytica》2009,167(2):217-227
The present study was carried out with the objective to validate the molecular markers, which have been previously reported
to be linked to fertility restorer (Rf) gene(s) for WA-CMS lines of rice. Two mapping populations involving fertility restorer lines for WA-cytoplasm, viz., (i)
an F2 population derived from the cross IR58025A/KMR3R consisting of 347 plants and (ii) a BC1F1 population derived from the cross IR62829A/IR10198R//IR62829A consisting of 130 plants were analyzed. Nine SSR and three
CAPS markers reported to be linked to Rf genes along with two previously unreported SSR markers were analyzed in the mapping populations. In both the populations
studied, the trait of fertility restoration was observed to be under digenic control. Eight SSR markers (RM6100, RM228, RM171,
RM216, RM474, RM311, MRG4456 and pRf1&2) showed polymorphism between the parents of the F2 population, while the SSR markers RM6100 and RM474 showed polymorphism between the parents of both the F2 and BC1F1 populations. Only one CAPS marker, RG146FL/RL was polymorphic between the parents of the BC1F1 population. RM6100 was observed to be closely segregating with fertility restoration in both the mapping populations and
was located at a distance of ~1.2 cM. The largest phenotypic variation was accounted for the region located between RM311
and RM6100. Using the marker-trait segregation data derived from analysis of both the mapping populations, a local linkage
map of the genomic region around Rf-4, a major fertility restoration locus on Chromosome 10 was constructed, and RM6100 was observed to be very close to the gene
at a distance of 1.2 cM. The accuracy of the marker RM6100 in predicting fertility restoration was validated in 21 restorers
and 18 maintainers. RM6100 amplified the Rf-4 linked allele in a majority of the restorers with a selection accuracy of 94.87%. Through the present study, we have established
the usefulness of the marker RM6100 in marker-assisted selection for fertility restoration in segregating populations and
identification of restorers while screening rice germplasm for their fertility restoration ability. 相似文献
14.
Genetic analysis of male sterility in rice mutants with environmentally influenced levels of fertility 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Summary Twenty-six male sterile plants grown in the field were recovered in the M7 generation from ethyl methane sulfonate-treated material of the rice cultivar M-201. Fertility increased five-fold when ratooned plants from the field were grown in a growth chamber with a 12 hour daylength. Crosses between mutant and normal fertile cultivars produced fertile F1 plants. Female fertility was normal as judged by percent seed set from unbagged panicles of parental and recombinant lines. Transgressive segregation for fertility was observed for all crosses in the F2 and F3 generations. Five of 37 F3 male sterile plants showed moderate levels of seed fertility under winter greenhouse conditions and reduced seed set when transplanted to summer field plots. Fertility data from reciprocal crosses suggested cytoplasmic factors had little or no effect on levels of male sterility in the mutant lines. Chi-squared analyses of F2 and F3 generation results indicated male sterility of the mutants is conditioned by two nuclear genes with epistatic effects. 相似文献
15.
Gaoneng Shao Mingliang Chen Jian Song Shaoqing Tang Ju Luo Yichao Hu Peisong Hu Liyun Chen 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(2):159-164
Two‐line hybrid rice as a novel hybrid breeding method has huge potential for yield increasing and utilization of intersubspecific heterosis, and it is of major significance for the food security of rice‐consuming populations. Zhu1S is a thermosensitive genic male‐sterile line of rice with low critical temperature and excellent combining ability, which has been widely exploited as a female parent in Chinese two‐line hybrid rice breeding. Here, genetic mapping in F2 populations was used to show that its male sterility is inherited as a single recessive gene and that responsible gene (termed tms9) lies on the short arm of chromosome 2. A high‐resolution linkage analysis which was based on the Zhu1S/R173 F2 population found that the thermosensitive genic male‐sterile gene tms9 of Zhu1S was fine mapped between insertion–deletion (Indel) markers Indel 37 and Indel 57, and the genetic distance from the tms9 to the two markers was 0.12 and 0.31 cM, respectively. The physical distance between the two markers was about 107.2 kb. Sequence annotation databases showed that the two Indel markers (Indel 37 and Indel 57) were located on two BAC clones (B1307A11 and P0027A02). There are sixteen open reading frames (ORF) present in this region. The results of this study are of great significance for further cloning tms9 and molecular marker–assisted selection. 相似文献
16.
Xa39是一个对水稻白叶枯病具有广谱抗性的显性新基因,在水稻抗白叶枯病育种中具有良好的应用价值和前景。在前期研究中,我们将该基因定位在水稻第11染色体上。本研究利用携带Xa39基因的供体亲本FF329与受体亲本BT4、BT6、BT12、BT18杂交培育出4FL10、4FL14、4FL17、4FL21四个育种F2分离群体,结合人工接种抗病性鉴定,对3个与Xa39紧密连锁的分子标记进行分子标记辅助选择(MAS)有效性比较,筛选高效的PCR分子标记。结果表明,标记RM26985和RM206在上述4个群体中的MAS准确率分别达到95.81%和93.61%,同时使用两者其准确率达到95.59%,上述2个标记在水稻白叶枯病抗性改良育种中可以提高Xa39的选择效率。 相似文献
17.
Genetic male sterility (GMS) genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) can be used for commercial hybrid seed production. A new wheat GMS mutant, LZ, was successfully used in the 4E-ms system
for producing hybrid wheat, a new approach of producing hybrid seed based on GMS. Our objective was to analyse the genetic
mechanism of male sterility and locate the GMS gene in mutant LZ to a chromosome. We firstly crossed male sterile line 257A
(2n = 42) derived from mutant LZ to Chinese Spring and several other cultivars for determining the self-fertility of the F1 hybrids and the segregation ratios of male-sterile and fertile plants in the F2 and BC1 generations. Secondly, we conducted nullisomic analysis by crossing male sterile plants of line 257A to 21 self-fertile nullisomic
lines as male to test the F1 fertilities and to locate the GMS gene in mutant LZ to a chromosome. Thirdly, we conducted an allelism test with Cornerstone,
which has ms1c located on chromosome 4BS. All F1s were male fertile and the segregation ratio of male-sterile: fertile plants in all BC1 and F2 populations fitted 1:1 and 1:3 ratios, respectively. The male sterility was stably inherited, and was not affected by environmental
factors in two different locations or by the cytoplasm of wheat cultivars in four reciprocal cross combinations. The results
of nullisomic analysis indicated the gene was on chromosome 4B. The allelism test showed that the mutant LZ was allelic to
ms1c. We concluded that the mutant LZ has common wheat cytoplasm and carries a stably inherited monogenic recessive gene named
ms1g. 相似文献
18.
The male sterile plants that segregated in a BC5F2 of `C. sericeus × C. cajan var. TT-5' population were maintained by sib mating. The male sterile plants were crossed with ICPL-85012.Approximately 50%
of the F1 plants were sterile. F2 plants derived from the fertile F1 plants did not segregate for male sterility. The reciprocal hybrid i.e. ICPL-85012 × Fertile derivatives from C. sericeus × TT-5, did not express male sterility. However, among the 12 F2 plant to row progenies, two segregated 25% male sterile plants and remaining 10 did not segregate. The segregation pattern
in subsequent progenies revealed that the sterility was under control of a single recessive allele. Studies on the backcross
and their BC1F2 and BC1F3progenies revealed another sterility gene which was found to be dominant in inheritance. This paper shows that what was thought
to be cytoplasmic male sterility from C. sericeus cytoplasm is actually a single dominant gene possibly acting in concert with a single recessive gene to mimic cytoplasmic
male sterility.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Summary The male sterility system MS-1 of Brassica oleracea was studied in order to elucidate if nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions determine this system. Crosses of male sterile MS-1 genotypes with heterozygous MS-5 genotypes gave fully fertile F1 progenies. Selfing of seven F1 plants resulted in five F2 populations showing a 9:7 segregation ratio and two a 3:1 ratio for fertile and male sterile plants. Two F2 progenies deviated from the expected 9:7 or 3:1 segregation ratios for fertile and male sterile plants. Thermosensitivity and distortion of the meiosis are suggested as the causal factors underlying the deviation of the segregation ratios. It was concluded that nuclear factors determine the male sterility in the MS-1 system, because the presence of a nucleocytoplasmic interaction in this system should have given only a 3:1 segregation ratio for fertile and male sterile plants in the F2 generation. 相似文献