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1.
为研究不同浓度壳聚糖处理对采后西番莲果实耐贮性和贮藏品质的影响,选取采后‘福建百香果1号’西番莲果实,用稀释50倍、100倍、150倍、200倍、250倍的卡多赞（壳聚糖）溶液浸泡5 min,以用蒸馏水浸泡5 min为对照,果实浸泡后取出晾干,之后用0.015 mm厚的聚乙烯薄膜袋密封包装（每袋装果10个）,置于28℃和相对湿度80%条件下贮藏,贮藏期间每隔3 d取样,用于测定西番莲果实的耐贮性和贮藏品质指标。结果表明：与对照西番莲果实相比,壳聚糖处理能有效降低采后西番莲果实的呼吸强度,延缓果皮细胞膜透性的上升,降低果实失重率,保持较高的果实商品率;此外,壳聚糖处理能保持较高的外果皮L *、a *、b *值及果皮花色素苷、类黄酮和总酚含量,维持较高的果肉可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、可溶性总糖、蔗糖、维生素C和类胡萝卜素含量。因此,壳聚糖处理能增强采后西番莲果实的耐贮性和维持较高的贮藏品质;其中,以稀释200倍的卡多赞溶液处理的保鲜效果最佳,可作为提高西番莲果实采后耐贮性、延长其保鲜期的适宜处理条件。 相似文献
2.
番木瓜是我国著名的热带、亚热带水果之一,但番木瓜属于呼吸跃变型果实,采后不耐贮运,其中由炭疽病引起的腐烂损失最为严重。因此,如何防治番木瓜采后炭疽病,降低番木瓜腐烂损失,延长贮藏保鲜期,成了制约番木瓜产业健康发展的瓶颈问题。本文以‘大青’番木瓜为试验材料,以绿色环保的肉桂精油-壳聚糖复合保鲜液为处理手段,研究其对采后番木瓜炭疽病的防治效果及作用机制,为我国番木瓜采后贮运保鲜产业发展提供理论依据和应用参考。分别用0.5%壳聚糖、0.5%壳聚糖+0.3%肉桂精油、0.5%壳聚糖+0.5%肉桂精油、0.5%壳聚糖+0.7%肉桂精油溶液对采后番木瓜果实进行喷雾处理,清水处理作为对照,处理后的番木瓜分为2组,其中一组处理后置于25℃下恒温贮藏,定期测定果实病情指数;另一组处理后置于25℃下恒温贮藏24 h后,在果面刺伤接种番木瓜炭疽菌,定期调查果实病斑直径,并对果皮进行取样,测定不同处理果实的抗病相关物质含量和抗病相关酶活性的变化情况。番木瓜炭疽菌的离体抑菌实验采用含药PDA平板抑菌法进行测定。研究结果表明:0.5%壳聚糖+0.3%肉桂精油处理对番木瓜炭疽病的防治效果最好,复合处理可完全抑制离体番木瓜炭疽菌的生长和产孢,复合处理显著降低了番木瓜果实的病斑直径,提高了抗病相关物质木质素、总酚(TP)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的含量,提高了抗病相关酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)和β-1,3葡聚糖酶(β-1,3-GA)的活性,但对几丁质酶(CHI)活性影响不大。由此可见,肉桂精油复合壳聚糖涂膜对番木瓜炭疽菌有较好的防控效果,一方面是由于复合处理抑制了番木瓜炭疽菌的生长,另一方面是复合处理诱导番木瓜果实提高了抗病性。因此,适宜浓度的肉桂精油复合壳聚糖涂膜处理为防控番木瓜采后炭疽病提供了一种绿色新途径。 相似文献
3.
番木瓜是我国著名的热带、亚热带水果之一,但番木瓜属于呼吸跃变型果实,采后不耐贮运,其中由炭疽病引起的腐烂损失最为严重。因此,如何防治番木瓜采后炭疽病,降低番木瓜腐烂损失,延长贮藏保鲜期,成了制约番木瓜产业健康发展的瓶颈问题。本文以‘大青’番木瓜为试验材料,以绿色环保的肉桂精油-壳聚糖复合保鲜液为处理手段,研究其对采后番木瓜炭疽病的防治效果及作用机制,为我国番木瓜采后贮运保鲜产业发展提供理论依据和应用参考。分别用0.5%壳聚糖、0.5%壳聚糖+0.3%肉桂精油、0.5%壳聚糖+0.5%肉桂精油、0.5%壳聚糖+0.7%肉桂精油溶液对采后番木瓜果实进行喷雾处理,清水处理作为对照,处理后的番木瓜分为2组,其中一组处理后置于25℃下恒温贮藏,定期测定果实病情指数;另一组处理后置于25℃下恒温贮藏24 h后,在果面刺伤接种番木瓜炭疽菌,定期调查果实病斑直径,并对果皮进行取样,测定不同处理果实的抗病相关物质含量和抗病相关酶活性的变化情况。番木瓜炭疽菌的离体抑菌实验采用含药PDA平板抑菌法进行测定。研究结果表明:0.5%壳聚糖+0.3%肉桂精油处理对番木瓜炭疽病的防治效果最好,复合处理可完全抑制离体番木瓜炭疽菌的生长和产孢,复合处理显著降低了番木瓜果实的病斑直径,提高了抗病相关物质木质素、总酚(TP)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的含量,提高了抗病相关酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)和β-1,3葡聚糖酶(β-1,3-GA)的活性,但对几丁质酶(CHI)活性影响不大。由此可见,肉桂精油复合壳聚糖涂膜对番木瓜炭疽菌有较好的防控效果,一方面是由于复合处理抑制了番木瓜炭疽菌的生长,另一方面是复合处理诱导番木瓜果实提高了抗病性。因此,适宜浓度的肉桂精油复合壳聚糖涂膜处理为防控番木瓜采后炭疽病提供了一种绿色新途径。 相似文献
4.
余甘子（Phyllanthus emblica L.）是联合国卫生组织指定的全世界推广种植的3种保健植物之一,在中国也被列为药食两用的水果,具有营养丰富,保健价值突出的特点。然而采后余甘子果实易发生失水皱缩、腐烂变质等问题,极大地影响了其商品价值。褪黑素（melatonin）是一种小分子吲哚胺类物质,在动植物体内广泛存在,其在植物中可有效清除自由基,在植物的抗逆抗病中也具有重要的调控作用。采用适宜浓度的褪黑素处理果蔬可以起到较好的保鲜作用,有效延缓果蔬腐败变质,提高采后耐贮性。为提高余甘子果实采收后的耐贮性,以‘蓝丰’余甘子果实为试材,探究采后褪黑素处理对于常温下贮藏的余甘子果实品质和耐贮性的影响。将挑选出的无机械损伤及病虫害,大小和色泽相近的余甘子果实,随机平均分为2组,处理组余甘子用0.3 mmol/L褪黑素溶液浸泡处理20 min,空白对照组则用去离子水浸泡20 min,取出晾干1 h后用聚乙烯薄膜袋包装,而后置于温度为(25±1)℃、在相对湿度85%~90%的恒温箱中贮藏,每3 d取样测定果实的商品率、感病指数、呼吸强度等品质和耐贮性相关指标。试验结果表明,采后褪黑素处理使余甘子果实在贮藏末期的商品率提高22%,显著降低了余甘子果实的感病指数、呼吸速率和失重率;且经褪黑素处理的余甘子果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸度和维生素C的含量均高于对照组,余甘子表皮颜色和果肉质地的劣化也比对照缓慢。褪黑素处理有利于延缓采后余甘子病害的发生和提高果实品质及耐贮性。本研究为褪黑素在余甘子果实采后贮藏保鲜应用提供理论依据,丰富了褪黑素应用于果蔬保鲜的理论基础。 相似文献
5.
Brown rot (Monilinia spp.) affects the shelf life, fruit quality and marketability of peaches (Prunus persica L.). Increasing consumer concern regarding food safety makes it necessary to search for natural environmentally friendly alternative products for postharvest disease control. In this investigation, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) punnets containing thyme oil (TO sachets) and sealed with chitosan/boehmite nanocomposite lidding films significantly reduced the incidence and severity of brown rot caused by Monilinia laxa in artificially inoculated peach fruits (cv. Kakawa) held at 25 °C for 5 days. Furthermore, PET punnets containing TO sachets and sealed with chitosan/boehmite nanocomposite lidding films significantly reduced the brown rot incidence to 10% in naturally infected fruits stored at 0.5 °C, 90% RH for 7 days and at the simulated market shelf conditions for 3 days at 15 °C, 75% RH. The chitosan/boehmite nanocomposite lidding films maintained the active components of thyme oil, thymol (56.43% RA), caryophyllen (9.47% RA) and β-linalool (37.6% RA) within the (head space volatiles) punnet. Panellists preferred fruits packed from commercial punnet containing thyme oil (sachets) and sealed with chitosan/boehmite nanocomposite lidding films due to overall appearance, taste, and natural peach flavour. 相似文献
6.
The effectiveness of brief (30 or 60 s) immersion in water at 24, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70 °C was evaluated for the control of brown rot, caused by Monilinia fructicola, on California-grown peaches, nectarines, and plums. Inoculated fruits were treated and either stored at 20 °C for 5 days or at 0 °C and 95% RH for 30 days followed by 5 days at 20 °C to simulate commercial marketing conditions. Immersion in water at 55 °C for 60 s or at 60 °C for 30 or 60 s significantly reduced both decay incidence and severity among the remaining wounds that developed the disease. Water temperatures of 65 °C or higher were phytotoxic and caused moderate to severe surface injuries. Immersion in water at 60 °C for 60 s was effective for plums and it reduced the incidence of brown rot from more than 80% among control fruit to less than 2%. In nectarines, this treatment reduced decay incidence from 100 to less than 5% on fruit stored at 20 °C and from 73 to 28% on cold-stored fruit. Therefore, brief immersion in heated water can be an effective approach to manage postharvest brown rot of stone fruits, especially for the organic fruit industry. 相似文献
7.
Chitosan is capable of triggering the induction of defence responses of the plants. This study was carried out to investigate in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of submicron chitosan dispersions and also to determine the mechanism of induced resistance in dragon fruit plants by strengthening of cell wall and production of pathogenesis related proteins. Highest inhibition in radial mycelial growth (90.2%) was obtained by 600 nm droplet size at 1.0% chitosan concentration. None of the emulsifiers showed any antifungal effect during in vitro studies. Field studies showed the reduction of 22% disease incidence and 66% disease severity in anthracnose on dragon fruit plants treated with 600 nm droplet size as compared to control plants after one month of assessment. Lignin contents in cell wall of dragon fruit plants increased 2 folds in plants treated with 1.0% chitosan at 600 nm droplet size while 11 and 10 folds increase in β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase activity, respectively was also recorded in the plants inoculated with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The accumulation of lignin and higher level activity of pathogenesis related proteins in response to submicron chitosan dispersions may bolster in mounting effective resistance against the devastating disease of anthracnose. 相似文献
8.
The aim of the present study was to determine the integrated effect of plant extracts and hot water treatment on postharvest anthracnose and banana fruit quality. Artificially inoculated banana fruit were dipped in 10% and 20% (w/v) extracts of four plant species, viz. Acacia albida, Argemone mexicana, Dovalis abyssinica and Prosopis juliflora at room temperature (20 °C), 45 °C and 50 °C. Fruit treated separately with 20% extracts of A. albida and P. juliflora at 50 °C had reduced anthracnose incidence and severity. These treatment combinations also had the highest percentage of marketable ripe banana fruits. In conclusion, applying aqueous plant extracts at 50 °C enhanced the antifungal activity of extracts without affecting the physico-chemical properties of banana. 相似文献
9.
为了防止橘柚采后枯水腐烂,采用酸性电解水浸果处理,并结合海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、茶多酚、抗坏血酸配制成的复合保鲜剂进行涂膜处理后,将橘柚果实置于温度为 (8±1)℃、湿度为75%~80%的条件下存放120 d,以好果率、失重率、细胞膜透性、可滴定酸度、可溶性固形物以及类胡萝卜素为指标进行保鲜效果的评价,通过正交试验确定最佳保鲜方法。本研究所用的复合膜是多孔网络结构的薄膜,空隙小而细腻、均匀分散,复合膜处理后的果皮表面平整光滑,断面结构致密,在果实表面形成屏障。结果表明：酸性电解水处理能有效控制橘柚果实采后病害的发生,复合膜处理可以较好地控制橘柚的腐烂和失水现象,延缓果实衰老,有效保持可滴定酸和可溶性固形物的含量,还能提高果皮色泽;正交试验优化得出最优的保鲜方法,以有效氯含量为30 mg/L的酸性电解水浸果15 min,并联合海藻酸钠0.5%、羧甲基纤维素钠0.5%、茶多酚2.0%、抗坏血酸1.0%配比组合下的复合保鲜剂涂膜20 min。因此认为,酸性电解水结合复合膜处理能提高采后橘柚的品质、延长果实保鲜期。 相似文献
10.
桃形李采后极易发生病害,难以保鲜,为了控制桃形李采后病害的发生,通过对分离到的病原菌扩展青霉菌株(Penicillium expansum,TXL-01)进行形态学观察和对其它水果致病性试验,分别用硝普钠、葡萄籽提取物和NaHCO_3在PDA培养基上进行抑菌实验。结果表明:形态学观察发现致病菌菌丝有分枝和横隔膜,具帚形孢子囊,能产生大小不同的2种类型孢子;对多种水果侵染后均能致病,说明致病菌对宿主要求专一性不高;硝普钠和葡萄籽提取物只能在前3 d抑制病原菌的生长,但是在第4天以后与对照无明显差异;NaHCO_3浓度为0.10%和0.15%时,培养到第6天时能显著抑制病原菌生长;当NaHCO_3为0.2%时,培养到第12天时内还能抑制病原菌生长;再分别以0.10%、0.15%、0.20%NaHCO_3和0.20%NaHCO_3+1.0%壳聚糖(Chitosan)复合处理桃形李采后果实,发现0.20%NaHCO_3处理虽然也能减少果实腐烂率,但结合1.0%Chitosan涂膜处理对果实保鲜效果更好,可以显著抑制致病菌的发生,降低果实发病率,说明NaHCO_3和Chitosan复合处理可以应用于桃形李的采后保鲜。 相似文献
11.
The effect of chitosan treatment alone or in combination with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) against Alternaria alternata in vitro and in vivo, and defense related enzyme activities were investigated. 100–500 μl/l MeJA significantly inhibited mycelial growth of A. alternata. The inhibitory activity of MeJA on mycelial growth, spore production, spore germination and germ tube length of A. alternata in vitro could be enhanced by 0.1% chitosan. The combination of 0.1% chitosan and 500 μl/l methyl jasmonate was more effective to reduce the disease incidence and lesion diameter of postharvest decay of cherry tomato than the application of MeJA or chitosan alone. The combined treatments resulted in higher activities of PPO (polyphenol oxidase), POD (peroxidase) and PAL (phenylalanine ammonialyase) than the control. This work indicated that the combination of chitosan and methyl jasmonate is a promising method to control postharvest decays of fruit and vegetables. 相似文献
12.
The yeast Pichia membranaefaciens has antagonistic effects against a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi that cause postharvest fruit decay. This work evaluated the effects of P. membranaefaciens on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and disease control in harvested citrus fruit (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck). The lesion diameter caused by Penicillium italicum and Penicillium digitatum on citrus fruit was remarkably reduced when the fruit was point-inoculated or dipped in a suspension of P. membranaefaciens at 1 × 108 CFU mL−1. The application of P. membranaefaciens on citrus fruit enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, as well as the levels of hydrogen peroxide, the superoxide anion and glutathione, but inhibited the decreasing ascorbic acid content. Furthermore, catalase activity was decreased by the same treatment. These results indicated that yeast treatment induced the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes which might have antagonistic effects against postharvest green and blue mold infection in citrus fruit. 相似文献
14.
Tomato plants in two commercial greenhouses were treated with Rhapsody (Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713, rate of 1.45%) once every 4 weeks during 2012–2013 to determine effects on post-harvest fruit infection. Populations of Bacillus and disease incidence were monitored weekly from harvested fruit over an 18-week period. Population levels of Bacillus ranged from 75 to 110 × 104 colony forming units (cfu) cm−2 of fruit surface area one week after application to 25–30 × 104 cfu cm−2 of fruit surface area 4 weeks after application. Disease incidence on harvested fruit incubated at 21 °C for 7–10 days was variable, due to variation in inoculum levels within the greenhouse as well as variable environmental conditions. Both disease incidence and severity were significantly reduced on Rhapsody-treated fruit, especially in the 1–2 week period following application. Post-harvest storage temperature (13 °C vs. 21 °C) and incubation time (12 vs. 16 days) had a significant effect on final disease severity. Rhapsody-treated fruit incubated at 13 °C had an average of 1–2% fruit infection compared to up to 20% infection on untreated fruit at 21 °C. The most frequent pathogens affecting fruit quality were Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus stolonifer. Rhapsody applications made every 4 weeks maintained sufficiently high populations of Bacillus on the fruit surface to prevent spread of these fungi onto the fruit, resulting in significant post-harvest disease control on fresh market tomatoes. When combined with storage at 13 °C for no more than 12 days, disease was reduced to negligible levels. 相似文献
15.
The antifungal potential of submicron chitosan dispersions (SCD) and its effect on the vegetative growth of dragon fruit plants were studied under field conditions. There was a reduction in disease incidence (15.65%) with a severity score of 1.60 in plants treated with SCD of 600 nm droplet size of 1.0% chitosan compared to the control plants. Moreover, a significant increase was also observed among the treatments in terms of number of shoots per cutting, stem diameter and shoot length. However, the highest number of shoots (19), maximum stem diameter (0.23 m) and maximum stem length (2.80 m) were observed in plants treated with SCD of 600 nm droplet size of 1.0% chitosan. Similarly, chlorophyll content were also high in plants receiving SCD of 600 nm droplet size of 1.0% chitosan. Therefore, it can be concluded from the results that, instead of applying chitosan in the conventional form, it can be more effective as an antifungal agent as well as plant growth enhancer when applied in the form of submicron dispersions. 相似文献
16.
Phosphite has been shown to suppress some diseases in different plant species but disease control in rice has not been investigated. In 2012/13 and 2013/14 potassium phosphite was sprayed at 1775 g ha−1 and 3550 g ha−1 in field plots of rice in Uruguay to determine if phosphite alone or in combination with label rates of a mixed strobilurin and triazole fungicide could be used to effectively control stem rot and aggregate sheath spot in irrigated rice. Six treatments consisting of different combinations of potassium phosphite alone or with a fungicide and an unsprayed control were assayed in one application at late-boot to early-heading. Phosphite alone in single and double rate slightly reduced severity and incidence of stem rot and produced a small yield increase over the unsprayed control. Fungicide at a 50% label rate with phosphite reduced stem rot severity and incidence to a similar level as the fungicide alone applied at the label rate. Disease severity was reduced by approximately 25% and incidence by 17–20% when compared with untreated control. Yield increase was 5% for both treatments over the unsprayed control. Fungicide combined with phosphite at single and double rates reduced stem rot severity by 40–45% and incidence by 34–38% when compared with untreated control, with yield increased by 10% over the unsprayed control and 5% over plots treated with a fungicide. These results indicate that a single application of potassium phosphite combined with fungicide can be used efficiently to manage of rice stem diseases. 相似文献
17.
Jane L. Guentzel Michael A. Callan Kang Liang Lam Stuart A. Emmons Valgene L. Dunham 《Crop Protection》2011,30(10):1274-1279
Near neutral (pH = 6.3-6.5) electrolyzed oxidizing water (EO water) has been demonstrated to inactivate fungi in pure culture and to mitigate infection on fruit surfaces. One possible alternative or supplement to traditional pre-harvest crop management practices that currently rely on the use of large quantities of fungicides is near neutral EO water. In the present work, treatment of Botrytis cinerea or Monilinia fructicola with near neutral EO water (50 or 100 ppm total residual chlorine (TRC)) in pure culture resulted in a 106 reduction and 100% inactivation as evidenced by negative broth enrichment. When applied in concert with 50 or 100 ppm EO water, treatments of Captan 50WP (captan), Rovral (iprodione), Iprodione 4LAG (iprodione), or Switch 62.5 WDG (cyprodinil and fludioxonil) effectively inhibited fungal growth of B. cinerea as evidenced by a 106 reduction on the direct plate and negative broth enrichment. Treatments of Captan 50WG (captan), Rovral (iprodione), Iprodione 4LAG (iprodione), Switch 62.5 WDG (cyprodinil and fludioxonil), Captan 80 WDG (captan), or Captevate (captan and fenhexamide) when applied in concert with 50 or 100 ppm EO resulted in a 106 reduction of M. Fructicola and 100% inactivation as evidenced by negative broth enrichment. Strawberry plants sprayed with EO water (pH = 6.3-6.5) at concentrations of 50 and 100 ppm TRC once per week, did not result in significant (P > 0.05) phytotoxicity relative to a water (0 ppm TRC) treatment. In this study, the application of 100 ppm EO water (pH = 6.3-6.5) twice per week to strawberry plants infected with B. cinerea was more effective (P ≤ 0.05) than a once per week Captan application and as effective as a once per week captan/once per week EO treatment. The once per week captan/once per week EO treatment was significantly more effective (P ≤ 0.05) than the captan once per week treatment. Dip treatments of strawberries in near neutral EO solutions (50 and 100 ppm TRC; pH = 6.3-6.5) did not leave a chlorine residue on the fruit relative to a water dip. The results from this study suggest that near neutral EO solutions could be used to manage infection of B. cinerea on strawberry plants in the field and also as a disinfection solution for harvesting equipment, greenhouses, packing houses and in commercial facilities to prevent or manage infections of B. cinerea and M. fructicola. 相似文献
18.
In recent years, Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. var. ‘Suli’ has been damaged by a disease characterized by the presence of black spots on young fruit in China, which was always followed by severe bitter rot on matured fruits. The etiology of these symptoms and their relationship with the bitter rot was unknown. A colony was routinely isolated from young and matured ‘Suli’ pear fruits showing black spots and rot symptoms, respectively. This fungal colony was identified as Colletotrichum fructicola based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequence data of 7 regions. C. fructicola was confirmed to be capable of eliciting both black spots and bitter rot symptoms by completion of Koch's Postulates. The results suggested that the disease characterized by the presence of black spots on young fruits is indeed an early stage of the bitter rot observed on matured fruits of ‘Suli’ pear. Variety resistance analysis indicated an obvious resistance variation possessed by the pear varieties generally cultured in China, with black spots only occurring on some pear varieties. Our results also indicated that wounding can break the quiescent infections, enhance the infectivity of C. fructicola, and lead to more rapid rot of young and matured fruits. These results provided a clear clue that C. fructicola can invade some varieties of P. bretschneideri Rehd. directly without entry via wounds, but subsequently turned into quiescent infection and causing black spots on the fruit surface. The quiescent infection acts as a pathogenic factor responsible for bitter rot of matured fruits. The influence of temperature and pH conditions for growth and colony morphology of C. fructicola were also evaluated. The characterization of C. fructicola causing bitter rot of pear (P. bretschneideri) is expected to provide useful information for controlling this economically important disease. 相似文献
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1-MCP处理对‘油木奈’果实采后生理和品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究1.2 μL/L的1-甲基环丙烯（1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP）处理对在（25±1）℃下贮藏的‘油木奈’（Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. Younai）果实采后生理和品质的影响。结果表明,与对照果实相比,1-MCP处理可有效降低‘油木奈’果实呼吸强度、呼吸峰值和乙烯释放量,延缓果实细胞膜相对渗透率升高和果实表面色调角h°值的下降,保持较高的果实硬度、可滴定酸和果皮叶绿素含量,延迟果实外观颜色转变,减少果实失重和腐烂。经1-MCP处理的果实在（25±1）℃下贮藏15 d时的好果率为80％,而对照果实只有58％。因此认为,1-MCP处理可以延缓采后‘油木奈’果实后熟衰老和保持果实品质,延长果实保鲜期。 相似文献