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1.
Pablo Pi?eyro Miranda D. Vieson José A. Ramos-Vara Martha Moon-Larson Geoffrey Saunders 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(3):449-453
This report describes the gross, histological, and immunohistochemical features of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) with pulmonary metastases in a young dog. Sheets of pleomorphic cells supported by fibrous stroma characterized the primary mass, while metastatic nodules had a neuroendocrine pattern. Despite differing histologic features, all masses showed marked immunoreactivity against calcitonin and multiple neuroendocrine markers consistent with MTC. Although MTC is a well-recognized entity, it may be difficult to distinguish this mass from other thyroid neoplasms, necessitating immunohistochemical characterization. 相似文献
2.
Immunocytochemistry of thyroid C-cell complexes in dogs 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ten thyroid C-cell complexes from five male and five female Beagle dogs, 1 to 2 years old, were studied using single and double immunocytochemical staining with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. The antigens tested included thyroglobulin, calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, somatostatin, neuron specific enolase, and neurotensin. All C-cell complexes contained four cell types in various proportions: 1) follicular cells staining for thyroglobulin; 2) C-cells staining for calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and neuron specific enolase; 3) stellate cells and cuboidal cells in follicle-like structures staining positively for somatostatin; and 4) undifferentiated cells staining negatively for all antigens. No positive immunoreactivity for neurotensin was detected. These findings support the hypothesis that thyroid C-cell complexes are ultimobranchial remnants that can give rise to thyroid follicles and C-cells. 相似文献
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Höinghaus R Hewicker-Trautwein M Mischke R 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2008,37(1):104-111
BACKGROUND: Immunocytochemical techniques are a potentially valuable diagnostic tool to support cytologic diagnosis in dogs. However, detailed studies of staining patterns and intensity in cytologic specimens of mesenchymal tumor types are lacking. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate commercially available antibodies against human proteins for use in the characterization of canine tumors of mesenchymal origin in cytologic samples. METHODS: Immunocytochemical staining was performed on air-dried imprint specimens of biopsies obtained from 103 mesenchymal neoplasms and 14 metastatic lesions from 98 dogs. All specimens were stained with anti-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and vimentin. Based on the histologic diagnosis, tumors of muscle, endothelial, histiocytic, and melanocytic origin also were stained with cell-specific antibodies. Staining intensity was subjectively graded and the percentage of positive tumor cells was estimated. RESULTS: All mesenchymal tumors and metastases, with the exception of mesotheliomas, were vimentin-positive and cytokeratin-negative; mesotheliomas (n=6) were positive for both vimentin and cytokeratin. Tumors of muscle (n=5), endothelial (n=15), and histiocytic (n=18) origin stained moderately to strongly positive in a majority of tumor cells with desmin, von Willebrand factor, and lysozyme, respectively. Malignant melanomas (n=15) had variable staining and a variable percentage of positive cells with Melan-A and S100. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that immunocytochemical staining of canine cytologic specimens is a reliable and sensitive technique that may be of benefit for the differentiation of poorly differentiated mesenchymal tumors and metastases. Additional study is needed to assess the specificity of immunocytochemical stains in mesenchymal tumors. 相似文献
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Bertazzolo W Giudice C Dell'Orco M Caniatti M 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2003,32(4):209-212
A 14-year-old female Welsh Terrier was presented for evaluation of multiple skin masses. Two of them were diagnosed as a follicular (epidermal) cyst and a sebaceous epithelioma by cytology and histopathology. The third mass was located in the subcutis adjacent to the cervical trachea. Clinical findings, thoracic radiography, and laboratory results were otherwise unremarkable. Cytologically, the cervical mass was characterized by the presence of round to polygonal cells with distinct cell borders, mild to moderate anisocytosis, round to oval eccentric nuclei with prominent nucleoli, and a variable amount of finely granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm. Differential diagnoses included endocrine/neuroendocrine tumors such as thyroid adenocarcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, carotid body chemodectoma, and parathyroid carcinoma. The mass was removed surgically and submitted for histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination. Histologically, the mass was composed of rows and nests of densely packed cells separated by thin fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic cells had moderate to large amounts of pale eosinophilic dusty or finely vacuolated cytoplasm and round to oval nuclei with finely dispersed chromatin and 1 or 2 small nucleoli. On immunohistochemistry, neoplastic cells were positive for chromogranin A, calcitonin, and neuron-specific enolase, and were negative for cytokeratin and thyroglobulin. The final diagnosis was medullary thyroid carcinoma, an uncommon endocrine tumor of dogs that has cytologic and histopathologic features similar to other endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors. Immunohistochemistry or immunocytochemistry should be performed to differentiate medullary thyroid carcinoma from other endocrine/neuroendocrine tumors of dogs. 相似文献
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A Comparison of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and Thyroid Adenocarcinoma in Dogs: A Retrospective Study of 38 Cases 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
JACQUELINE R. CARVER DVM AMY KAPATKIN DVM AMIYA K. PATNAIK BVSc MVSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1995,24(4):315-319
The medical records of 38 dogs with thyroid neoplasia that were treated by surgical excision of the tumor, or had an incisional biopsy performed as a diagnostic procedure, were reviewed. Of the 38 dogs, 21 (55%) had resectable tumors, whereas 17 (45%) had an incisional biopsy as the tumors were nonresectable. All dogs had an initial diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. The type of carcinoma was confirmed in 33 dogs by histological and immunohistochemical examination. Twelve dogs (36%) had medullary thyroid carcinoma, and 21 dogs (64%) had thyroid adenocarcinoma. Of the 12 dogs with medullary thyroid carcinoma, 10 (83%) had resectable tumors. Of the 10, three (30%) had at least a 1-year survival. None had radiographic evidence of metastasis at the time of surgery. Of the 21 dogs with thyroid adenocarcinoma, 11 (52%) had resectable tumors. Of the 11 dogs, five (45%) had at least a 1-year survival. Three dogs had radiographic evidence of metastasis at the time of surgery. Of 10 dogs with nonresectable thyroid adenocarcinoma, two dogs (20%) had at least a 1-year survival. In the dogs in this study, medullary thyroid carcinoma was more prevalent than previously reported. Most of the medullary thyroid carcinomas were well circumscribed and resectable. Medullary thyroid carcinoma may possess gross and histological characteristics of a less malignant nature when compared with other thyroid carcinomas. 相似文献
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Eight thyroid gland epithelial tumors were found in 7 cows and 1 bull in a retrospective study of thyroid gland lesions in slaughtered cattle. All tumors were classified as ultimobranchial thyroid carcinomas based on morphology and immunohistochemistry. All tumors consisted of solid sheets and nests of polygonal to oval epithelial cells, with more sparsely dispersed colloid-filled follicles. Connective tissue separating nests of epithelial cells varied from delicate fibrovascular stroma to dense collagenous stroma. Fusiform epithelial cells with rare neural fibers and ganglion cells were present in 1 tumor. Cells within solid areas of these tumors were immunoreactive for calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, neuron-specific enolase, and synaptophysin. Colloid and follicle cells were immunoreactive for thyroglobulin. Few follicle cells also were reactive for calcitonin gene-related peptide. Neoplastic cells invaded the fibrous capsules in all 8 cattle. These tumors represented proliferation of a mixed population of undifferentiated cells, C cells, and thyroid follicular epithelial cells, presumably derived from the thyroid ultimobranchial bodies. These ultimobranchial carcinomas in slaughtered cattle are comparable to ultimobranchial tumors described in dairy bulls and the intermediate type of thyroid gland carcinomas (mixed thyroid medullary carcinomas) described in human beings. 相似文献
8.
Immunocytochemical studies using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method with commercial antibodies against thyroglobulin, calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neuron specific enolase (NSE), somatostatin, and neurotensin were performed on 38 Bouin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine thyroid tumors obtained from necropsy and surgical files from 2 Ecoles Nationales Vétérinaires (Alfort and Nantes, France) and from the Laboratoire d'Histo-Cytopathologie Vétérinaire, Maisons-Alfort (France). The tumors consisted of two follicular adenomas, nine follicular carcinomas, nine solid carcinomas, 12 follicular-compact-cellular carcinomas, and six C-cell carcinomas. All 32 follicular-cell tumors were stained positively for thyroglobulin, half of them had weak to moderate positive immunoreactivity for NSE, and all histologic patterns were represented. They had no immunoreactivity for somatostatin or neurotensin. Four C-cell carcinomas had a solid alveolar pattern, while two had a pseudo follicular pattern characterized by uneven, often coalescent, pseudo-follicular formations with a multilayered epithelium surrounding a cavity that often contained red blood cells. Four C-cell carcinomas had uneven immunoreactivity for calcitonin, while all six were positive for CGRP or NSE. Immunoreactivity for CGRP was stronger or more widespread than positivity for calcitonin when both occurred in the same tumor. Some cells of three C-cell carcinomas had positive immunoreactivity for somatostatin. No immunoreactivity for neurotensin was detected. Seven tumors of follicular cell origin contained a few cells positive for calcitonin or CGRP, while three C-cell carcinomas had a few cells positive for thyroglobulin. These tumors were considered to contain entrapped remnants of normal thyroid tissue rather than being dual hormone producing tumors. 相似文献
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Esophageal neoplasms were diagnosed in 8 of 49,229 dogs seen over the last 11 years at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the University of California at Davis. The neoplasms were primary in 2 dogs and metastatic to the esophagus in 6 dogs, with thyroid carcinoma being the most common site of the primary tumor. The most common clinical signs were regurgitation, dysphagia, weight loss, development of neck masses, and respiratory difficulties. It was concluded that the clinical signs often can be misleading. The interpretation of survey radiographs, barium contrast studies, or fluoroscopic studies often provide the initial data base. The final diagnosis requires histologic examination. Retention of air in the esophagus (with or without esophageal displacement) and motor dysfunction (with or without gross morphologic changes) are the most important criteria for radiographic diagnosis. 相似文献
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Specific cell populations in the pituitary glands of the rat, cat, pig, and human being were positive for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). When reacted with prediluted rabbit anti-human TSH, LH, and FSH, antisera were not positive for the demonstration of these hormones in the horse, cow, or dog. Immunocytochemical staining was obtained in the horse, cow, and dog by the use of a primary antiserum against a specific beta-subunit of bovine TSH. The immunocytochemical staining of TSH, LH, FSH, adrenocorticotropic hormone, growth hormone, prolactin, and calcitonin was examined by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, using standard commercially available kits. All species examined had a strong positive reaction in specific pituitary cell populations for adrenocorticotropic hormone, growth hormone, and prolactin. Sections of normal thyroid gland tissue had positive staining of C cells containing calcitonin at the dilution of 1:100 of the primary antibody in the rat, horse, cow, dog, cat, pig, and human being. 相似文献
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Exocrine pancreatic carcinoma is a particularly malignant neoplasm of the dog. Clinical and pathologic findings of an unusual variant of exocrine pancreatic neoplasia termed hyalinizing pancreatic adenocarcinoma were evaluated in 6 dogs. On microscopic examination, neoplasms were composed of tubules and acini of epithelial cells, with bright eosinophilic granular apical cytoplasm. Tubular lumina and tumor stroma contained abundant hyaline material that resembled amyloid. The hyaline material was not congophilic, and tumor cells and hyaline material were immunohistochemically negative for amyloid A, immunoglobulin light chains (kappa and lambda), amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide), laminin, and alpha(1)-antitrypsin. Two patients survived longer than 15 months after diagnosis; one of these dogs was untreated and had grossly evident metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The deaths of the other 4 dogs occurred as a result of poor recovery after partial pancreatectomy or in association with other concurrent life-threatening conditions. Two dogs were diagnosed with panniculitis, a condition rarely associated with pancreatic disease. Further evaluation is needed to determine the composition and biologic significance of intratumor hyaline material. Studies that associate exocrine pancreatic carcinoma grade and histologic subtype with prognostic outcomes in the dog are warranted such that appropriate therapy can be elected. 相似文献
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D Lawrence J Thompson A W Layton M Calderwood-Mays G Ellison C Mannella 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,199(1):81-83
Hyperthyroidism associated with thyroid adenoma was diagnosed in a dog. Typical clinical signs of hyperthyroidism were resolved with surgical excision of the adenoma. Hyperthyroidism in dogs usually is associated with thyroid carcinoma, which has a poor prognosis. This case emphasizes the importance of obtaining a histologic diagnosis of thyroid tumors in hyperthyroid dogs before giving a prognosis. 相似文献
14.
Patnaik AK Newman SJ Scase T Erlandson RA Antonescu C Craft D Bergman PJ 《Veterinary pathology》2005,42(2):140-146
Ten dogs with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the liver were selected for inclusion in the study. Clinical signs were anorexia (7), vomiting (5), polydipsia/polyuria (3), icterus (2), lethargy (2), weight loss (2), paresis (1), ataxia (1), weakness (1), collapse (1), and urinary tract infection (1). Hematologic and biochemical abnormalities included anemia (2/8), leukocytosis (4/8), high liver enzyme activity (serum alkaline phosphatase, 7/9; alanine transaminase, 7/9; aspartate transaminase, 8/9), and high total bilirubin (6/9). Grossly, the tumors were diffuse, involving all liver lobes in six dogs, and two dogs had various-sized nodules in addition to diffuse involvement. Histologically, there were eight tumors with solid or trabecular pattern (group A), one tumor with cords or rows of neoplastic cells (group B), and one tumor with multiple rosette-like structures (group C). Immunohistochemical studies revealed that all 10 neoplasms were positive for at least one of the endocrine markers used: neuron-specific enolase (NSE; 8/10), synaptophysin (5/10), and chromogranin-A (3/10). A panel of NSE, chromagranin-A, and synaptophysin detected 100% of the tumors in our series. Electron microscopy confirmed the diagnosis by the presence of intracytoplasmic neurosecretory granules in the two examined cases. Our results show that neuroendocrine markers commonly used in humans can be used for the diagnosis of hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma in dogs, preferably a panel of synaptophysin, chromagranin-A, and NSE because chromogranin-A alone is not as useful in dogs as in humans. 相似文献
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Efficacy of mitoxantrone against various neoplasms in dogs 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
G K Ogilvie J E Obradovich R E Elmslie D M Vail A S Moore R C Straw K Dickinson M F Cooper S J Withrow 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,198(9):1618-1621
One hundred twenty-six dogs with histologically confirmed, measurable malignant tumors were evaluated in a prospective study to determine the response to the antineoplastic drug mitoxantrone. Ninety-five dogs had been refractory to one or more treatment modalities (surgery, n = 57; chemotherapy other than mitoxantrone, n = 37; radiation, n = 4; whole body hyperthermia, n = 1). The extent of neoplastic disease was determined immediately before each dose of mitoxantrone was administered (1 to 10 doses, 2.5 to 5 mg/m2 of body surface area, IV) 21 days apart. Each dog was treated with mitoxantrone until the dog developed progressive disease or until the dog's quality of life diminished to an unacceptable level as determined by the owner or attending veterinarian. A partial or complete remission (greater than 50% volume reduction) was obtained in 23% (29/126) of all dogs treated. Tumors in which there was a partial or complete remission included lymphoma (11/32), squamous cell carcinoma (4/9), fibrosarcoma (2/9), thyroid carcinoma (1/10), transitional cell carcinoma (1/6), mammary adenocarcinoma (1/6), hepatocellular carcinoma (1/4), renal adenocarcinoma (1/1), rectal carcinoma (1/1), chondrosarcoma (1/2), oral malignant melanoma (1/12), cutaneous malignant melanoma (1/1), myxosarcoma (1/1), mesothelioma (1/1), and hemangiopericytoma (1/1). Our results indicated that mitoxantrone induces measurable regression in various malignant tumors in dogs. 相似文献
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J. M. Liptak D. A. Kamstock W. S. Dernell E. J. Ehrhart S. A. Rizzo S. J. Withrow 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2008,6(1):19-30
Nine dogs were diagnosed with cranial mediastinal carcinomas. Based on histological and immunohistochemical analysis, four dogs were diagnosed with ectopic follicular cell thyroid carcinomas, one dog with ectopic medullary cell thyroid carcinoma, two dogs with neuroendocrine carcinomas and two dogs with anaplastic carcinomas. Clinical signs and physical examination findings were associated with a space‐occupying mass, although one dog was diagnosed with functional hyperthyroidism. Surgical resection was attempted in eight dogs. The cranial mediastinal mass was invasive either into the heart or into the cranial vena cava in three dogs. Resection was complete in six dogs and unresectable in two dogs. All dogs survived surgery, but four dogs developed pulmonary thromboembolism and two dogs died of respiratory complications postoperatively. Adjunctive therapies included pre‐operative radiation therapy (n = 1) and postoperative chemotherapy (n = 3). Three dogs had metastasis at the time of diagnosis, but none developed metastasis following surgery. The overall median survival time was 243 days. Local invasion, pleural effusion and metastasis did not have a negative impact on survival time in this small case series. 相似文献
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J A Barsanti M Walser C L Hatheway J M Bowen W Crowell 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1978,172(7):809-813
Diffuse lower motor neuron dysfunction developed in a group of American Foxhounds while they were hunting. Of 19 dogs, 10 became weak and 9 became quadriplegic. Three of the quadriplegic dogs died before treatment could be instituted. The remaining quadriplegic dogs recovered after being given supportive treatment, with (4 dogs) or without (2 dogs) trivalent (types A, B, E) botulinal antitoxin. The 10 dogs that were weak recovered without treatment. A markedly decreased amplitude of evoked potentials and increased chronaxy were found by electromyographic examination of 2 of the quadriplegic dogs. A toxic substance that was neutralized by type C botulinal antitoxin in mouse inoculation tests was in the serum and feces of the most severly affected dog presented alive and in a fecal extract of another affected dog. In the one dog necropsied, neither gross nor histologic lesions were found in the central or peripheral nervous systems or in the skeletal musculature. The history, clinical signs, electromyographic findings, toxin neutralization tests in mice, and absence of histologic abnormalities in the neuromuscular system provided evidence for the diagnosis of C botulism. 相似文献
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Clinical and pathologic features of thyroid tumors in 26 dogs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J Harari J S Patterson R C Rosenthal 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,188(10):1160-1164
Thyroid tumors were diagnosed in 26 dogs between 1977 and 1984. A total of 23 of the 26 tumors were carcinomas, and 3, detected as incidental findings at necropsy, were adenomas. The median patient age was 9.5 years. Dogs of the Beagle breed were affected most commonly (5 dogs). The most common physical abnormalities in carcinoma patients were cervical swelling, dyspnea, and coughing. A total of 25 of 26 dogs were clinically euthyroid. Aspiration cytology provided diagnostic information in 8 of 17 cases. In dogs with thyroid carcinoma, a cervical soft tissue lesion was identified consistently by use of radiography and scintigraphy with sodium pertechnetate. Pulmonary metastases were detected radiographically in 8 of 21 dogs with thyroid carcinoma. Thoracic nuclear imaging confirmed the radiographic findings in 11 of 14 dogs. Surgical excision of the thyroid mass was the primary treatment for 17 dogs with carcinoma. Eight dogs died within 2 years (median, 7 months) of surgery because of primary tumor regrowth or metastases. Four dogs were alive at a range of 3 to 48 months after surgery, and 4 dogs died from unrelated causes. Necropsy of 7 dogs with thyroid carcinoma revealed neoplastic infiltration of the cervical blood vessels and pulmonary metastases in each dog. The most common histologic patterns of thyroid carcinoma were solid or compact cellular (11 dogs) and mixed solid-follicular tumors (8 dogs). Dogs with a solid carcinoma had a median survival time of 10.5 months (6 dogs), and dogs with a mixed solid-follicular tumor had a median survival time of 8 months (3 dogs). 相似文献
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Olivier Taeymans Dominique G. Penninck Rachel M. Peters 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2013,54(1):61-70
This study compares clinical, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and pathology findings in 16 prospectively, and seven retrospectively recruited dogs presented for suspected thyroid carcinoma. Of these, 17 were confirmed thyroid carcinoma, while six were initially misdiagnosed. These included four carotid body tumors, one para‐esophageal abscess, and one undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Thyroid carcinomas occurred in older dogs without evidence of sex predilection, and were more often unilateral. All were large, heterogeneous, moderately to strongly vascularized, and most commonly contained areas of dystrophic mineralization and/or fluid accumulations. On MRI, thyroid carcinomas appeared hyperintense compared to surrounding musculature in all imaging sequences used, while on CT they had a lower attenuation value than normal thyroid gland tissue. Histologically confirmed tumor capsule disruption with invasion of the surrounding structures was most commonly detected with MRI. Palpation was not an accurate predictor of locally invasive vs. well‐encapsulated masses. Computed tomography had the highest specificity (100%) and MRI had the highest sensitivity (93%) in diagnosing thyroid carcinoma, while ultrasound had considerably lower results. We conclude that ultrasound is adequate for use as a screening tool for dogs with suspected thyroid carcinoma, but recommend either CT or MRI for preoperative diagnosis and staging. 相似文献