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1.
油茶优良无性系叶片愈伤组织诱导研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以油茶优良无性系湘林1号和湘林4号为材料,采用正交设计试验对其叶片进行离体培养并诱导形成愈伤组织.试验结果表明:激素种类与浓度组合对愈伤组织诱导影响很大,且两个品种表现不一致,湘林1号以IBA 0.01 mg·L-1+KT 0.5 mg·L-1+2,4-D 0.5 mg·L-1+NAA 2.0 mg·L-1最佳,湘林4号以IBA 0.1 mg·L-1+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1+KT 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 2.0 mg·L-1最佳,诱导率均达100%.低温预处理5～10 d有助于愈伤组织的诱导,不同光照条件以及叶片不同部位均对愈伤组织的诱导有影响. 相似文献
2.
刺槐未成熟合子胚的体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以刺槐不同胚龄的未成熟合子胚为外植体,采用混合正交试验设计,研究幼胚胚龄和不同外源激素种类及质量浓度对刺槐胚性愈伤组织的诱导和体细胞胚分化、萌发的影响.结果表明:开花后8周(55天左右)是胚性愈伤组织和体胚诱导的最佳外植体取材时期;MS+2,4-D 5.0 mg·L-1 +BA0.5 mg·L-1是诱导胚性愈伤组织的最佳培养基,出愈率最高为95.42％±0.02％;MS +NAA0.5 mg·L-1 +BA0.5 mg·L-1+谷氨酰胺250 mg·L-1+水解酪蛋白500 mg·L-1是体细胞胚诱导和分化的最佳培养基,直接体细胞胚发生率最高为92.40％±0.12％,通过愈伤组织诱导体细胞胚发生的频率最高为90.73％ ±0.49％.一旦形成球形胚,将培养物转接到不含任何生长调节剂的MS培养基上,体细胞胚经成熟萌发可进一步形成完整小植株. 相似文献
3.
中华猕猴桃愈伤组织的诱导与分化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以中华猕猴桃的叶片为外植体,对猕猴桃愈伤组织的诱导与分化进行了初步研究。结果表明,诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS+0.5 mg.L-12,4-D+0.5 mg.L-1ZT培养基,2,4-D是诱导愈伤组织较适合的生长素;将在MS+1.0 mg.L-1ZT培养基上培养2周后的愈伤组织,转接到MS+1.0 mg.L-1ZT+0.2 mg.L-1IBA培养基上,其不定芽的分化能力最强;将在无生长调节物质的MS培养基上培养2周后的愈伤组织,转接到1/2 MS+0.5 mg.L-1IBA培养基上,其生根效果最好。 相似文献
4.
篦子三尖杉愈伤组织的诱导 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以篦子三尖杉的幼茎和嫩叶作为外植体进行组织培养,研究不同激素及不同浓度组合对其诱导愈伤组织的影响,结果表明:篦子三尖杉幼茎比嫩叶的愈伤组织诱导率高;MS+NAA 1 mg.L-1+6-BA 0.15 mg.L-1+2,4-D 1 mg.L-1是诱导幼茎愈伤组织的最佳培养基,诱导率达100%;MS培养基相比B5培养基更适合篦子三尖杉嫩叶愈伤组织的诱导;幼茎在75%的酒精中消毒1 m in,在0.1%的升汞溶液中浸泡15 m in,其消毒效果最佳。 相似文献
5.
以湿地松器官性愈伤组织为材料,开展不定芽分化、生根与组织解剖学的研究.试验结果表明:不定芽分化最佳培养基为TX+BA 0.5 mg·L-1+IBA 0.5 nag·L-1+30 g·L-1蔗糖;不定芽同步发育最佳培养基为TX+IBA0.5 mg·L-1+30 g·L-1蔗糖;生根培养,初期以无大量元素培养基诱导生根、25天后添加大量元素的培养程序可有效缩短生根培养时间,提高生根率;亮白色、半紧实结构的外部形态及"拟分生组织"的内部结构是器官性愈伤组织的重要标志. 相似文献
6.
以巨桉栽培无性系EG5无菌苗的叶片为外植体进行愈伤组织诱导与植株再生研究。结果表明:愈伤组织高效诱导和不定芽分化的最适培养基为改良MS+0.12 mg·L-1TDZ+0.25 mg·L-1NAA;硝酸铵对EG5叶片愈伤组织生长及植株分化的影响较大,最适宜质量浓度为0.412 5 g·L-1;最佳伸长培养基配方为改良MS+0.3 mg·L-16BA+0.05 mg·L-1IBA+0.3 mg·L-1IAA;暗培养10 d能促进不定芽分化,延缓愈伤组织老化和褐变速度。生根培养基为改良MS+0.4 mg·L-1NAA时生根率最高,为65.47%,移植成活率为90%以上。 相似文献
7.
马尾松幼苗茎段愈伤组织诱导的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以马尾松优良种子萌发后的幼苗的茎段为实验材料,研究了不同培养基类型、激素种类和激素质量浓度对愈伤组织诱导的影响.结果表明:改良GD培养基为诱导愈伤组织的最佳诱导培养基;改良GD+4 mg·L-12,4-D+2 mg·L-16-BA+500 mg·L-1CH+30 g·L-1蔗糖+8 g·L-1琼脂的组合为愈伤组织最佳增殖配方;暗堵养20 d后平均直径能达到8.5 mm.这为马尾松幼苗茎段愈伤组织分化或进行遗传转化奠定了研究基础. 相似文献
8.
为了石榴遗传转化研究的开展,以"突尼斯软籽"石榴为研究材料,叶片作为外植体,研究了不同灭菌时间和不同生长调节物质对离体叶片愈伤组织再生的影响。结果表明:最适宜的暗培养时间为14 d,最佳愈伤组织分化培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg.L-1+NAA(0.3～0.5)mg.L-1,最佳不定芽分化培养基为MS+NAA 0.3 mg L-1+TDZ 1.5 mg L-1+KT(1.5～2.0)mg L-1,最佳新梢增高的培养基为MS+NAA 1.0 mg L-1+BA 0.2 mg L-1+KT 1.0 mg L-1,适宜生根的培养基为MS+NAA0.5 mg L-1,生根率达100%。 相似文献
9.
10.
为提高兴安百里香繁殖速度,研究了兴安百里香的离体快繁技术。研究结果表明:以带腋芽茎段为外植体,1g·LHgCl2消毒7 min为宜;适宜的诱导愈伤组织培养基为MS+6-BA0.25 mg·L-1+IAA1.0 mg·L-1,适宜的愈伤组织分化培养基为MS+6-BA0.5 mg·L-1+IAA0.5 mg·L-1,适宜的继代增殖培养基为MS+IBA0.5 mg·L-1,适宜的最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.5 mg·L-1。 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
14.
Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
17.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
18.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
19.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):139-149
Mean age, mean and top heights and yield were studied in 20 mixed stands of birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth) and Picea abies (L.) Karst. and nine mixed stands of birch and Pinus sylvestris L. in south-eastern Norway. Each mixed stand and the adjacent pure coniferous stand (control) were growing under the same site conditions and had not been commercially thinned. There were no significant differences in mean age at breast height or in top heights between birch and conifers in the mixed stands, while mean height was significantly higher for birch than for spruce. A growth index was calculated based on total volume and age at breast height. For the spruce sites the growth in young mixed stands (birch < 17 m) was superior to that of pure spruce, while the difference was insignificant in older stands. The growth index correlated positively with the ratio between generatively and vegetatively regenerated birch trees, and negatively with the age of the oldest species in the mixture and with site quality. For the pine sites there was no significant difference in the growth index between mixed birch-pine and pure pine stands. A mixture effect of birch on the volume yield of spruce or pine could not be demonstrated. 相似文献
20.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):150-157
An outbreak of the needle-shortening pine gall midge, Thecodiplosis brachyntera , occurred on Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris (L.) and lodgepole pine, P. contorta (Dougl.) in central Sweden during 1995-1998. The larval feeding of T. brachyntera kills current-year needles and heavy infestation causes severe defoliation. A pattern of fluctuating defoliation among years and sites was found on both pine species. Defoliation was evenly distributed in the crown of P. sylvestris during years of high as well as low infestation; apical whorls had as much defoliation as basal whorls. In P. contorta , however, there was a tendency for defoliation to be concentrated on branches in the most apical whorls. Growth ring increments on P. sylvestris with high levels of defoliation (71%) did not differ from trees with moderate levels (26%) of defoliation. Shoot lengths were significantly shorter, however, on heavily infested trees the year after defoliation. 相似文献