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指出了刺槐是石家庄地区的乡土树种,分布在石家庄的多个山区县,有良好的生长环境。但是由于人们对刺槐的认识不够深入,后期抚育管理不到位,导致现有的刺槐生长状况不乐观。对石家庄地区刺槐的基本情况进行了梳理分析,探讨了刺槐的景观用途、改良土壤用途、经济用途及防护用途,展望了刺槐在石家庄的发展前景,为石家庄的生态文明建设和"4+4"产业发展作出应有的贡献。 相似文献
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刺槐是锦州地区的用材林和防护林树种,为了提高刺槐人工林的经营管理水平,该文介绍了刺槐特点、生长环境和经营现状,分析了锦州地区刺槐人工林的经营问题,并提出了经营策略和建议。在锦州地区进行刺槐人工林的栽植时,应根据地区具体情况来选择合适的刺槐优良品种和林种,建议以栽植刺槐蜜源林为主,在春季或秋季,采用埋根造林或者容器大杯育苗造林。 相似文献
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1 刺槐的特性
刺槐是温带树种,较耐寒,喜光。在年平均气温8～14℃,年降雨量500～900mm的地区,生长良好,干形通直。在低温和降雨较低地区常呈灌木状或多见枝条端梢干枯。在温湿度较高地区,刺槐生长速度很快, 相似文献
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刺槐耐旱耐瘠薄,生长迅速,深受群众喜爱,是辽宁西部地区营造水土保持林的先锋树种之一。1958年以来,本地区营造的大面积刺槐水土保持林,已起到了明显的防护作用。现将刺槐水土保持林效应的调查和定位试验研究,初步总结如下,以供参考。一、刺槐水土保持林的营造和生长情况辽宁西部地区很多社队,在山水田综合治理中,大力营造了刺槐水土保持林。造林立地条件以侵蚀部位来划分,主要有分水岭防护林 相似文献
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区域化试验中饲料型四倍体刺槐生物量比较 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13
通过对2年生3个四倍体刺槐无性系和1个普通无性系的生物量调查和对比，发现四倍体无性系对西北环境的适应性较好，其生物量均超过了当地普通刺槐，这表明，其作为再生型土本饲料在生态条件较差的西北地区有一定的开发潜力，由无性系在不同立地条件下比较发现，土壤因子对刺槐生长有较大影响，其中较为显著的是水分供给条件。 相似文献
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盐亭县窄冠刺槐引种造林初报 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
窄冠刺槐（Robiniapseudoacaciae1．Zhaiguan）是刺槐的优良无性系品种，具有生长快、干形好等优良性状，于2004年开始在盐亭县引种栽培。在造林成活率调查及林木生长测定基础上的初步试验结果表明，窄冠刺槐表现良好，适合在盐亭县及类似地区大面积推广。 相似文献
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采用盆栽控制试验,研究了不同浓度(0、60、120和180 mmol·L-1)Na2SO4胁迫对沙枣幼苗生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明:(1)盐胁迫对沙枣幼苗生长具有显著的抑制效应。不同浓度Na2SO4胁迫沙枣的株高、侧枝数、总叶面积、单株叶片数、比叶面积以及各组织(除根)生物量均显著低于对照,且均随盐胁迫浓度的升高呈下降趋势,而根冠比值则由对照的0.153 1显著增加到180 mmol·L-1Na2SO4胁迫幼苗的0.348 7。(2)盐胁迫显著降低了沙枣幼苗的光合能力。随着Na2SO4胁迫的加剧,净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均呈下降的趋势,而气孔限制值(Ls)和水分利用效率(WUE)则依次增加,且Pn下降主要受气孔限制;180 mmol·L-1Na2SO4胁迫沙枣幼苗的Pn、Gs、Ci和Tr分别为对照的71.57%、30.85%、67.15%和51.65%,而Ls和WUE则分别为对照的1.91、1.38倍。(3)盐胁迫强度与幼苗株高、总叶面积、单株叶片数、比叶面积、茎生物量、叶生物量、总生物量等生长指标以及Pn、Gs、Ci、Tr等光合参数呈极显著负相关,叶片的光合参数与总叶面积、单株叶片数呈显著或极显著正相关,而叶片的生长指标、光合参数与幼苗的株高生长和生物量累积也呈显著或极显著正相关。 相似文献
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Yanwei Lu Baoli Duan Xiaolu Zhang Helena Korpelainen Frank Berninger Chunyang Li 《Annals of Forest Science》2009,66(6):613-613
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Plant growth, biomass allocation, carbon isotope composition (δ13C), and water use efficiency (WUE) of 31 cultivars of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) grown under two water regimes were measured. Drought-stressed plants showed significant declines in tree height,
trunk diameter, biomass production, and total leaf area, the extent to which depended upon cultivar. Also, gas exchange rates,
instantaneous and long-term efficiencies (WUEI and WUEL, respectively), and values for δ13C differed among cultivars and watering regimes. Variations in WUEI were mainly due to changes in stomatal conductance (g
s) under drought condition. ‘Qinguan’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ had greater trunk diameter, tree height, and had higher biomass
production and WUEL under drought stress, implying that they are more suitable for arid and semi-arid regions. Moreover, WUEL was significantly and positively correlated with δ13C under two watering regimes, which suggests a potential for evaluating water use efficiency of Malus by measuring carbon isotope composition. 相似文献
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目的]以白榆幼苗为材料,研究不同浓度水杨酸(SA)的喷施对盐胁迫下白榆生理代谢的影响。[方法]以1年生白榆品种‘白洼一号’幼苗为材料,在0、50、100和150 mmol·L~(-1)Na Cl浓度下,喷施不同浓度SA(0、0.5、1.0、2.0 mmol·L~(-1)),处理30 d后对白榆水分生理、膜脂过氧化、光合色素含量和光合气体交换参数进行测定。[结果]表明:(1)盐胁迫下,外源SA可以显著提高白榆叶片相对含水量、可溶性糖含量,并降低丙二醛含量,但对电解质渗透率影响不显著。(2)0.5和2.0 mmol·L~(-1)SA会显著提高50和100 mmol·L~(-1)Na Cl胁迫下白榆叶片的光合色素含量,1.0 mmol·L~(-1)SA对各盐浓度下光合色素含量改善作用均不明显。(3)2.0 mmol·L~(-1)SA的添加提高了盐胁迫下白榆光合气体交换参数,1.0 mmol·L~(-1)SA明显降低了50 mmol·L~(-1)盐浓度下白榆叶片的净光合速率和气孔导度。[结论]适宜浓度的SA能改善白榆的生理参数,隶属函数法综合评价表明:0.5和2.0 mmol·L~(-1)SA对盐胁迫下白榆生理参数的改善作用较明显。 相似文献
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Drought periods are becoming more extreme worldwide and the ability of plants to contribute towards atmospheric flux is being compromised. Properly functioning stomata provide an exit for water that has been absorbed by the roots, funneled into various cell parts, and eventually released into the atmosphere via transpiration. By observing the effects that weather conditions such as climate change may have on stomatal density, distribution, and functioning, it may be possible to elucidate a portion of the mechanisms trees use to survive longer periods of water stress. This study analyzed stomatal density (SD), stomatal conductance (gs ), CO2 assimilation (A), instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUEi ), and transpiration (E) rates in six native tree species in the Midwestern USA and showed that trees within the same ecotype followed similar trends, but that trees within the same family did not when exposed to identical greenhouse conditions. Naturally drought tolerant tree species demonstrated lower g s and higher WUEi , while intolerant species had higher SD. This study showed negative or no correlation between SD and g s , A, E, and WUEi and positive correlations between E and A and gs and E. 相似文献
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以3个楸树无性系为材料进行盐胁迫试验,分析了叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)等指标的变化规律。结果表明:随盐浓度增加,所有无性系的叶绿素a、叶绿素b及总叶绿素含量呈下降趋势;方差分析表明:处理间及无性系间差异显著(P＜0.05)。叶绿素a/叶绿素b值呈上升趋势,YQ1无性系各盐处理与CK差异不显著,02-2-5和07-1无性系各盐处理与CK存在一定差异。从光合日变化看,3个无性系的Pn随盐浓度的升高明显降低,降幅为07-1〉YQ1〉02-2-5,净光合速率最大值(Pmax)都出现在8:00时,无性系间差异显著,且02-2-5〉YQ1〉07-1。回归分析和通径分析表明:02-2-5和YQ1无性系主要受胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、叶温(Tl)、光合有效辐射(PAR)的影响,07-1无性系主要受Gs和Ci的影响。初步认为3个无性系的耐盐能力为02-2-5〉YQ1〉07-1。 相似文献
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We conducted a 1-year greenhouse experiment to assess the impact of nutrient manipulations on seedling growth, biomass partitioning, and leaf gas exchange between two fast growing Pinus taeda clones that differed in growth efficiency. After 1 year we observed significant treatment and treatment by clone effects on growth, biomass partitioning, and gas exchange parameters. Fertilization increased total seedling biomass 18% primarily through an increase in foliage and coarse-roots. Clones did not differ in total seedling biomass, however, clone 85 produced more stem than clone 93 leading to 37% greater stem:leaf, while clone 93 maintained more branch biomass. The logging residue treatment increased stem:leaf by 30%, but had no effect on total biomass or partitioning. Differences in leaf morphology resulted in significantly greater canopy leaf area in clone 93 than clone 85. Increased foliar N concentration from fertilization had only minor effects on specific photosynthesis under saturating light (ASat), but lowered stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), and internal to external CO2 concentration ratio (Ci/Ca) as well as improved water use efficiency (WUE) independently of genotype. When gas exchange data was scaled to the canopy level both genotypes achieved similar canopy level CO2 assimilation rates, but our data suggests they did this by different means. Although we did see a small effect of nutrient limitations in total canopy photosynthesis under saturating light (ACanopy), ASat, and total leaf area (TLA), our foliar N concentration ([N]) indicated that our level of logging residue incorporation did not cause [N] to decrease below sufficiency limits. From a practical standpoint, a better understanding of strategies for capturing and partition C may lead to better selection of clonal material, thereby, optimizing productivity. 相似文献
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Fengjun Zhao Rongfu Gao Yingbai Shen Xiaohua Su Bingyu Zhang 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2006,1(1):89-94
Foliar carbon isotope composition (δ
13C), total dry biomass, and long-term water use efficiency (WUEL) of 12 Populus deltoids clones were studied under water stress in a greenhouse. Total dry biomass of clones decreased greatly, while δ
13C increased. Single-element variance analysis in the same water treatment indicated that WUEL difference among clones was significant. Clones J2, J6, J7, J8, and J9 were excellent with high WUEL. Extremely significant δ
13C differences among water treatments and clones were revealed by two-element variance analysis. Water proved to be the primary
factor affecting δ
13C under water stress. It showed that there was a good positive correlation between δ
13C and WUEL in the same water treatment, and that a high WUEL always coincided with a high δ
13C. δ
13C might be a reliable indirect index to estimate WUEL among P. deltoids clones.
Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41(1) (in Chinese) 相似文献
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云南松(Pinus yunnanensis Franch.)是常绿针叶乔木,云南的重要乡土树种.在云南的亚热带高原,从南到北,从东到西,海拔700～3200m都有大面积分布,其森林面积约占云南森林面积的70%[1],是云贵高原荒山造林的先锋树种,不仅具有较强的水土保持、水源涵养、改善环境,同时提供大量的建筑用材和林副产品,在生态经济建设中发挥了重大作用[2].有关云南松形态特征、分子遗传、良种选育、木材利用等多方面的研究取得了一些成果[3-8],对其光合生理生态特性方面研究较少.光合作用是植物一切生理活动的基础,其大小不仅与自身遗传特性有关,而且受众多环境因子的影响[9]. 相似文献
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Darío Navarrete-Campos León A. Bravo Rafael A. Rubilar Verónica Emhart Rebeca Sanhueza 《New Forests》2013,44(1):119-134
Genetic improvement of Eucalyptus genotypes for drought and frost resistance is essential for successful intensive management of commercial plantations. Understanding the physiological mechanisms that relate water use and frost resistance for highly deployed genotypes may allow for better prediction of their future performance, genetic selection and seedling management for site specific purposes. We studied whether instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE i ) may serve as drought, freezing and photoinhibition tolerance predictor by studying its response on six E. globulus clones (Eg1–Eg6) and four E. globulus × E. nitens hybrid seedlings (Egn1–Egn4) under drought and irrigated (control) treatments. Net photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E) were studied using a gas exchange system in order to calculate WUE i (A/E). Simultaneous chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements were performed to assess the non photochemical quenching components. Frost tolerance of plants under control and drought treatments were evaluated by measuring temperatures that exert 50% photoinactivation of photosystem II. Finally, drought tolerance was evaluated by plant survival within each genotype after rehydration. Our results showed significant genotype variability in the rate of soil and xylem water potential decrease during drought. While most of the genotypes reached ?4.0 MPa in about 35 days of drought, genotypes Eg6 and Egn4 required 56 days of drought to reach this xylem water potential. WUE i exhibited significant differences among genotypes and irrigation treatments. Genotypes Eg5 and Egn4 increased their WUE i between 70 and 80% after drought. This was associated with a more conservative control of water loss at the stomatal level combined with maintenance of relatively higher rates of net photosynthesis than the other genotypes under drought conditions. Plants exposed to drought were more freezing tolerant than control plants, having in average 3°C lower LT50 than well irrigated ones. There was no a clear correlation between WUE i and drought tolerance or drought-induced photoinhibition, however WUE i was inversely correlated with LT50. Our results suggest that WUE i is not suitable by itself to select drought tolerant genotypes, but may provide evidence for discarding drought sensitive genotypes. In addition, it could provide valuable information to select for freezing tolerance. 相似文献