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1.
The synthesis and secretion of trypsin (trypsin model serine protease) inhibitors are regulated in ovarian follicles by gonadotropins. The superovulation stimulations with 400 IU FSH, 1000 IU PMSG, 1000 IU HCG, 750 IIU PMSG + 750 IU HCG influence in a different way the trypsin inhibiting activities (TIA) of blood plasma (BP) (Figs 1 and 2) and follicular fluid (fig. 3); this points to a possibility of local effects. An increase in the average values of TIA in BP was statistically significant during the whole experiment: P less than 0.05 to P less than 0.001 (following the administration of PMSG+HCG, or PMSG, and HCG); Antisergon administered in 68 hours after PMSG reduced this increase. The changes in the fraction of low-molecular TIA in BP (after BP treatment with perchloric acid) were of converse nature; a decrease in the average values ranged from P less than 0.02 to P less than 0.001 (following PMSG or other stimulations). Antisergon did not influence this decrease. The changes observed on particular days of the trial (Figs. 1 and 2) also indicate different effects of the preparations, mainly of the component LH, which resulted in the occurrence of large nonovulating follicles (greater than 10 mm--"cystic" ones). No such follicles were observed in nonstimulated ewes and after FSH stimulation. The administration of antisergon (goat's antiserum against PMSG) 68 hours after PMSG administration did not prevent their creation. The TIA of follicular fluid (FF) of antral follicles was on average tenfold in comparison with that of blood plasma; and the TIA FF of follicles greater than 10 mm was higher (up to P less than 0.001) than the TIA FF of follicles less than 10 mm. The administration of Antisergon in shorter intervals following PMSG administration (12, 24, 48 and 58 hours) influenced the average values of TIA BP in 120 hours (since PMSG administration) in dependence on time (Tab. I). The effects of Antisergon administered in 12 and 24 hours after PMSG administration on the TIA BP were insignificant if it was administered in 48 and 58 hours the TIA BP increased (P less than 0.02; P less than 0.001) in comparison with the interval of 12 hours. The TIA FF of follicles less than 5 mm, 5-10 mm and greater than 10 mm varied in dependence on the time intervals of Antisergon administration (Fig. 4). The statistical significance of these changes in shown in Tab. II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
2.
To examine the influence of melatonin on seasonality of reproduction, 97 multiparous Suffolk and Suffolk-cross ewes were randomly assigned to one of four treatment (TRT) groups in a 2 X 2 factorial arrangement. Treatments were as follows: 1) control (C); 2) melatonin (M); 3) progestogen (P) implant of norgestomet plus pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) injection (P + PMSG) and 4) M plus TRT 3 (M + P + PMSG). From April 3 to June 24 an oral dose of 2 mg M was administered once daily at 1600 to each ewe in TRT groups M and M + P + PMSG. On April 30, ewes in groups P + PMSG and M + P + PMSG were implanted in the ear with 2 mg norgestomet for 13 d. Immediately following implant removal, each ewe was injected with 500 IU PMSG. Blood samples were collected from all ewes twice weekly from March 22 through June 24. Number of estrous cycles per ewe during the TRT period of 82 d (April 3 to June 24) was higher (P less than .05) for M + P + PMSG (2.1 +/- .2) than for C (.3 +/- .2), M (1.5 +/- .2) and P + PMSG (1.1 +/- .2). Control ewes had fewer (P less than .05) estrous cycles per ewe than either M or P + PMSG. Following the induced estrus, 40% of ewes in the M TRT had one estrous cycle; 32% had two or more cycles. For ewes treated with M + P + PMSG, 24% had one cycle, and 32% had two estrous cycles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
3.
In the autumn oestrus season, 20 Slovak Merino ewes were exposed to synchronization of oestrus, treated with the PGF2alfa at doses 125 micrograms (Oestrophan, inj. Spofa). followed by an injection of PMSG at doses 1000 IU (Antex Leo Denmark) and 50,000 IU of Vitamin A (Axerophtol Spofa). 23 anoestrus ewes were synchronized with an intravaginal sponges containing 20 mg of chlorsuperlutine (Agelin, Spofa) for 12 days and after sponge withdrawal, the ewes were injected with 750 and 1000 IU of PMSG (Antex Leo Denmark). Ovulatory response was observed and the possibility of ova recovered from the genital organs in ewes after synchronization of oestrus and superovulation in oestrus season. Higher values of the total follicular response (CFO), and the average number of ovulation (PO) after administering equal doses of PMSG were found out both in anoestrus ewes (CFO 6.62 +/- 4.24; PO 4.25 +/- 4.52) and in oestrus ewes (CFO 2.70 +/- 2.10; PO 2.60 +/- 1.74; resp. CFO 2.80 +/- 1.83; PO 3.4 +/- 3.0), if the ewes were treated with PMSG together with vitamin A. The average number of ova flushed was higher in anoestrus ewes (3.0-0.5) than in oestrus ewes (1.67-3.75). In both trials the equal ratio in the number of released ova was gained from ewes of experimental groups (83-88% of the total number). After ova flushing from the genital organs in ewes of the experimental groups most ovas were found in the isthmatal part of the uterine tube (36-60%). On the basis of gained results it was concluded, that synchronized oestrus ewes on receiving PMSG in anoestrus season the ovarial response was more significant than in autumn breeding season. 相似文献
4.
The antiproteolytic activities of the blood plasma (BP) and cervical mucus (CM) determined as trypsin inhibiting activities (TIA) where trypsin served as a model serine protease, were variable after superovulatory stimulations of ewes and after their gamma irradiation (2.45 Gy). TIA's were determined from the reduction in the bovine trypsin hydrolysis of the low-molecular chromogenic substrate N-alpha-tosyl-L-arginyl-p-nitro anilide (TAPA) (Bartík et al., 1974). The inhibition was expressed in per cent when delta A405 = 1.0 for 10-minute incubation at 25 degrees C, pH = 8.05, 0.2 mol/l tris-HCl buffer, was taken as 100%. Student's t-test was used for the statistical evaluation. A hundred ewes of the Merino breed were applied Agelin vaginal tampons (20 mg chlor-superlutin per head) on day 1 for 10 days in the anoestric period (May). A part of these ewes were subjected to whole-body gamma irradiation on days 6 to 11. When the irradiation was completed and the tampons were taken out, the ewes (three to four years old lambing ewes, yearling ewes) were stimulated to superovulations by an administration of 1500 IU serum gonadotropin (SG) or 450 IU follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). These parameters were followed in the subsequent 5-6 days: BP TIA (Figs. 1 and 4), fraction of low-molecular BP (n) TIA (Figs. 2 and 5), CM TIA (Figs. 3 and 6). Fig. 7 shows the average values of the results. The lambing ewes and yearling ewes had various responses to irradiation and superovulatory stimulation. Gamma irradiation eliminated the increase in BP TIA (P < 0.001) in the ewes after stimulations (Fig. 1a, b). The yearling ewes showed nonsignificant changes (ns) as their responses to SG stimulations and gamma irradiation, but the responses on the particular days of the trial were different (Fig. 1c, d--FSH stimulation). Similar changes were observed in the BP nTIA fraction. The changes in the average values of CM TIA were nonsignificant in the lambing ewes, the gamma irradiation reduced CM TIA only after FSH stimulation (P < 0.002). The amount of cervical mucus decreased after stimulations and irradiation, the thickness of ovarian epithelium and muscles was reduced in the particular parts, differently in lambing ewes and in yearling ewes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
5.
The effects of a serum gonadotropin (SG) superovulation hormonal preparation were investigated on catecholamine levels (norepinephrine, dopamine and epinephrine) in the blood plasma of ewes with synchronized oestrus in the oestrus period. In this trial the blood plasma of eleven ewes of the Slovak Merino breed was analyzed to detect catecholamines in the oestrus period. Superovulation was induced by an i.m. administration of 1500 IU SG as soon as oestrus synchronization with Agelin vaginal tampons finished (20 mg chlorsuperlutin) which lasted for 10 days. Catecholamines were detected in the blood plasma before synchronization, on the day of Agelin vaginal tampons application, and in 48 and 72 hours after the hormone administration--on the days of the expected ovulation. Catecholamine concentrations in the blood plasma were determined by a radioenzymatic assay using a Catechola test (Praha). The results indicate that synchronization and hormonal stimulation influence plasma catecholamine levels. The norepinephrine (NE) concentration in the blood plasma of the control samples has the value of 8.31 +/- 0.732 pmol/ml. An insignificant increase in the NE levels (13.12 +/- 0.120 pmol/ml; Fig. 1) was recorded on day 1 of the trial, after the start of synchronization. On the day of the expected ovulation the NE concentrations rose to 17.12 +/- 1.289 pmol/ml (P less than 0.001) and they remained significantly increased (P less than 0.01) at the level of 12.89 +/- 1.020 pmol/ml on the following day of the experiment. The dopamine level (DA) in the plasma of a control sample is 6.42 +/- 0.350 pmol/ml (Fig. 2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
6.
Application of new procedures in the sphere of the control of sexual functions requires an extension of present knowledge of postparturient endocrinium or endogenic factors comprised in postparturient physiology of sexual activity. According to recent data, oxytocin, besides its uterotonic and luteolytic activity, acts as an ovarian factor in the local intrafollicular regulation of stereidogenesis and as a modulator of uterine secretion of prostaglandines. Based on present knowledge of oxytocin effects, this study was aimed at investigation of the influence of repeated carbetocin (Depotocin inj. Spofa) administration on the dynamics of changes in thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), 17 beta-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4) concentrations and their mutual correlations from the 36th hour till the 51st day after parturition. Simultaneous study of a possible delayed influence of applied carbetocin on conception of ewes after oestrus evocation on day 51 after lambing was carried out. Nineteen ewes of the Slovak Merino breed, lambed in the first decade of February, were assigned to the experimental (n = 9) and to the control group (n = 10). Experimental ewes were subjected to repeated postparturient carbetocin treatment at the dose 0.07 mg per animal. The first dose was applied i. m. in 24 hours, and the second in 72 hours after parturition. On day 51 oestrus was induced in nine ewes of each group by combined treatment with chlorsuperlutin (Agelin, vaginal pessaries, Spofa) and PMSG (500 I.U./animal). On the day of PMSG application ewes were housed together with rams for the period of the next six days. Samples of blood were taken 24 hours before parturition (-1st day), up to 36 h after parturition and on days 4, 7, 14, 17, 21, 25, 34, 42 and 51 after parturition. Concentrations of T4, T3, E2 and P4 were determined by commercial kits RIA-test-T4; RIA-test-T3; RIA-test-ESTRA and RIA-test-PROG (URVJT Kosice). Animal of the control group showed variations of T4 concentrations (Tab. I, Fig. 1) at the level of original values (59.4 +/- 9.69 nmol.l-1) up to the 21st day with the exception of temporary drop on day 4 and rise on day 7, insignificant compared to the -1st day. T4 concentrations of the control group displayed an intermittent increasing trend with the statistically insignificant peak after 36 h and on day 17, compared to the -1st day. After the 21st day controls revealed a sustained moderate increase while the experimental ewes displayed a decline of its concentrations until the 51st day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
7.
M P Boland R J Scaramuzzi R M Hoskinson C D Nancarrow J D Murray I G Hazelton R Sutton 《The Veterinary record》1987,120(25):590-592
Forty-six adult merino ewes were immunised against oestradiol-17 beta-6 carbomethyloxime:human serum albumin and 48 comparable ewes were used as controls in an experiment to study the effects of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on ovulatory responses after treatment with pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin (PMSG). All the ewes were treated with progestogen sponges for 14 days and received 1500 iu PMSG on the 12th day. Twenty-four control and 24 immunised ewes received 25 micrograms GnRH 21.5 hours and 23 hours after the sponges were withdrawn. Plasma samples were collected between 17 and 50 hours after the sponges were withdrawn and assayed for luteinising hormone (LH). Immunisation reduced the proportion of ewes which ovulated and their rate of ovulation. Injection of GnRH increased the proportion of immunised ewes ovulating (P less than 0.0005) and their rate of ovulation (P less than 0.0001). More unovulated follicles were observed in immunised ewes regardless of GnRH treatment (P less than 0.0001). The rate of recovery of eggs was reduced after immunisation. Treatment with GnRH produced a surge of LH of equal magnitude in the control and immunised ewes although not as many immunised ewes ovulated. 相似文献
8.
The quantitative micromorphological changes of tertiary follicles and corpora lutea (CL) were studied in ewes in the autumn mating season after oestrus synchronization, induced by administration of PGF2 alpha (Oestrophan Spofa) at a rate of 125 micrograms, and after superovulation, induced by administration of PMSG (Antex Leo, Denmark) at a rate of 1000 I. U., or PMSG at rates of 750 and 1000 I. U. together with 50,000 I. U. vitamin A (Axerophthol Spofa). The highest number of ovulations was obtained in ewes treated with 1000 I. U. together with vitamin A (3.4 +/- 3.0) and after administration of 1000 I. U. PMSG alone (2.6 +/- 2.74). The highest number of tertiary follicles was recorded in ewes after administration of PGF2 alpha. The proportion of tertiary atretic follicles was the highest in ewes after administration of PMSG (64.6%). The occurrence of the luteinizing form of atresia was recorded only in ewes treated with PMSG (4% of the total number of atretic follicles). Using the caryometric analysis of the luteal cells of corpora lutea, the ewes of the experimental groups had two-peak variation curves; this corresponds to the theory of the presence of two luteal types in the tissue of the corpus luteum in ewes. As determined morphometrically, the smallest proportion of connective tissue out of the total volume of ewes' ovaries was found after administration of 1000 I. U. PMSG together with vitamin A. Administration of vitamin A together with PMSG had a favourable influence on the over-all follicular response, on the average number of ovulations, and on the proportion of non-atretic follicles. 相似文献
9.
G A Langford 《Journal of animal science》1982,54(6):1205-1211
The need for pregnant mates' serum gonadotropin (PMSG) in breeding confined sheep by artificial insemination (AI) at progestogen-synchronized estrus was assessed in 152 adult crossbred ewes brought into season by a controlled light regimen. One-half of the ewes received 500 IU PMSG after intravaginal progestogen treatment; all ewes were inseminated either 54, 57 or 60 h after sponge removal or at 54 and again at 60 h. Based on progesterone determinations 18 d after AI, conception rates with single insemination 54, 57, or 60 h and double insemination at 54 and 60 h were 76, 72, 47 and 72%, respectively, among ewes receiving PMSG, compared to 17, 22, 47 and 43%, respectively, among ewes not give PMSG (P less than .01) Lambing rates were higher (P less than .01) with PMSG (67, 67, 37 and 61%) than without PMSG (11, 11, 26 and 33%). While there was only a small increase (.06 less than P less than .05) in litter size with PMSG, fecundity decreased (P less than .01) from 1.4 to .3 when PMSG was not used. These data indicate that, even with controlled lighting to induce estrous activity, additional stimulation of ovulation by PMSG at progestogen-synchronized estrus is necessary for normal fertility when confined sheep are bred by AI. 相似文献
10.
A study was done to test whether ovulatory follicles destined to form subfunctional corpora lutea differed from normal ovulatory follicles in steroidogenic function. Twenty-five ewes were treated with prostaglandin F2 alpha on d 11 of the estrous cycle, then unilaterally ovariectomized before (n = 13) or after (n = 12) the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) at the induced estrus to collect "control" follicles, which would have produced normal corpora lutea. In 15 ewes, the second ovary was removed 63 to 84 h later to collect "treated" follicles before (n = 7) or after (n = 8) the second expected surge of LH. Five ewes (control) were allowed to ovulate from the remaining ovary at first estrus and another five (treated) at the second estrus (3 to 4 d later). Treated ewes had lower serum progesterone than control ewes during the ensuing cycle (P less than .05). Treated follicles contained less estradiol in the theca (4.4 +/- .6 vs 10.0 +/- 2.5 ng; P less than .05), less androstenedione (.1 +/- .1 vs 1.0 +/- .2 ng) and estradiol (.5 +/- .1 vs 2.9 +/- 2.2 ng) in the granulosa (P less than .05) and less progesterone in the follicular fluid (.8 +/- .4 vs 3.3 +/- .8 ng; P less than .05) than control follicles, when removed before the surge of LH. Follicles removed after the surge of LH did not differ. In conclusion, ovulatory follicles with low steroidogenic function became corpora lutea that secreted lower-than-normal quantities of progesterone. 相似文献
11.
Progesterone plus PMSG Priming in seasonally anovulatory lactating Sarda ewes exposed to the ram effect 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Todini L Malfatti A Barbato O Costarelli S Debenedetti A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(2):437-441
The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effectiveness (fertility and lambing) of priming with a single injection of progesterone plus PMSG in anovulatory lactating Sarda ewes subjected to the ram effect (RE) in spring. Thirty ewes (P4 group) were i.m. injected with 30 mg progesterone and 500 IU PMSG 36 h before ram introduction (d 0). This treatment was compared to a 12-day treatment with fluorogestone acetate intravaginal sponges that was followed by injections of 350 IU PMSG upon sponge withdrawal (FGA group, n=30). All ewes responded to RE, showing plasma progestrone concentrations >1 ng/mL between d 6 and 12 (FGA) or 6 and 9 (P4). Eighty-nine percent of the P4 ewes conceived at first ovulation, and 11% conceived following a short estrus cycle. Lambings occurred on d 150.4 +/- 3.9, and the lambing rate was 100%. The fertility of the FGA ewes was 83% for the induced ovulation and was 7% for the second ovulation after a normal cycle. The FGA ewes lambed on d 149.8 +/- 4.4, and the lambing rate was 83%. Two abortions were recorded for the FGA ewes, which had higher prolificacy than the P4 group (2.2 +/- 0.8 vs. 1.8 +/- 0.4, respectively; P<0.05). Both fertility and the lambing rate were high in both groups, with a high degree of estrus synchronization, and there were no significant differences between the groups. We concluded that priming of lactating Sarda ewes in spring with P4+PMSG before RE is an effective and competitive method (cheaper and more practical than FGA+PMSG) of inducing fertile ovulations in these ewes. 相似文献
12.
Changes in the hypothalamus and adjacent ependyma after hormonal stimulation of the ovaries in ewes]
Superovulation treatment leaves alternations in the controlling regions of the hypothalamus and in the adjacent ependyme after ovulation. The test ewes were synchronized with Agelin (20 mg chlorsuperlutin in one vaginal sponge) and stimulated (after the removal of the sponges) with 750 IU PMSG + 750 IU HCG and with 1000 IU HCG and 750 IU PMSG + 5 ml Antisergon (goat antiserum against PMSG), administered 68 hours after PMSG (i.e. 40 hours after HCG). The control ewes were in different stages of the ovarial cycle. The experimental ewes were killed 120 to 130 hours after the start of stimulation. Routine histological techniques were used to treat the brain samples; this treatment was followed by assessment under light microscope. The ependyme epithelium of the third cerebral chamber was studied under scanning microscope. Preparations with different FSH:LH ratios had different effects on the nucleus ventromedialis. Antisergon administration influenced the secretion of NPV (prevented persistent stimulation), which was observed after administration of PMSG + HCG. On the surface of the lower part of the third cerebral chamber the administration of Antisergon slowed the formation of the miniblebs. Supraependyme cells disappeared after stimulation for superovulation. 相似文献
13.
The changes in the concentrations of proteolytic enzyme inhibitors after the administration of hormones influencing the activity of the ovaries can cause an imbalance in the development of follicles. Important roles are attributed to serine proteases during the development of follicle, ovulation, and activity of the corpus luteum. In order to find out the changes in the trypsin inhibiting activities (TIA) of the blood plasma and cervical mucus after the administration of PGF2 alpha (100 + 100 micrograms in January and 250 + 250 micrograms in May on the 0th and 11th day) and after the single administration of 750 I. U. PMSG on the 10th day, a 14-day trial was performed to investigate the circadian changes. TIA was determined by means of slowing down the hydrolysis of the synthetic substrate N-alpha-tosyl-p-nitro-anilide (TAPA) by bovine trypsin. When the blood plasma TIA is expressed as the percent of the control values, a large drop is observed on the 11th and 12th days of the January trial (total as well as low-molecular TIA). In the May experiment this drop was recorded only on the 11th day in total TIA (c TIA); low-molecular TIA (n TIA), on the other hand, increased, particularly after the administration of PMSG. The average values of plasma TIA's, recorded in the course of the 14-day trial, increased after the administration of PGF2 alpha (c TIA increased to 109.8 +/- 22.1%, n TIA to 135.42 +/- 54.0% in January; c TIA to 112.59 +/- 50.5%, n TIA to 109.48 +/- 55.9% in May). After the administration of PMSG the TIA values remained higher than the controls (c TIA 107.13 +/- 24.0%, n TIA 133.40 +/- 52.1% in January; c TIA 113.87 +/- 51.3%, n TIA 118.33 +/- 55.6% in May). The average TIA values of the cervical mucus increased after PGF2 alpha administration to 3.06 +/- 1.7% in comparison with the control value of 2.59 +/- 1.1%, and also after the administration of PMSG to 2.82 +/- 1.9% (January, TIA per 1 mg of mucus). 相似文献
14.
Vitamin A (50,000 I. U.), administered after oestrus synchronization by PGF2 alpha (2 X 125 micrograms; 1st and 11th day) together with PMSG (750 and 1000 I. U.), had a stronger influence on the changes in the trypsin-inhibition activities (TIA) of the blood plasma, as compared with the effect of PMSG. The changes in the average TIA values within 120 hours after the administration of the stimulating dose were also observed more frequently to depend on vitamin A. After administration of 1000 I. U. PMSG, an increase was recorded only in the values of the fraction of low-molecular TIA, whereas the administration of the combinations of PMSG + vitamin A resulted in an increase of all the TIA's under study. This increase was directly correlated with an increased number of non-atretic tertiary follicles, with an increased number of ovulations (at the same dose of PMSG), and with a reduced ratio of changes in the concentration of progesterone (P) and 17-beta oestradiol (E): P/E = 1.1 after the administration of 1000 I. U. PMSG, P/E = 0.81 after I. U. PMSG + vitamin A, and P/E = 0.90 after 1000 I. U. PMSG + vitamin A. The increase in the average TIA of the cervical mucus is due to the increased secretory activity of the cervical glands rather than to the multiplication of these glands after ovary stimulation. 相似文献
15.
Effects of exogenous insulin and body condition on metabolic hormones and gonadotropin-induced follicular development in prepuberal gilts 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To determine influences of insulin and body condition on follicular growth, prepuberal gilts (n = 16) treated with pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) were used in a 2 X 2 factorial experiment with main effects of insulin (0 or .4 IU/kg every 12 h beginning at 1800 on the day before PMSG) and backfat depth (moderate, 25 +/- .8; high, 32 +/- .7 mm; P less than .0001). Body weights were similar. Blood sampling was at 6-h intervals for analyses of LH, FSH, growth hormone (GH), glucagon, cortisol, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), plasma urea nitrogen (PUN), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), testosterone, estradiol-17 beta, and progesterone. Ovaries were removed 75 h after PMSG treatment, and visible small (less than or equal to 3 mm), medium (4 to 6 mm), large (greater than or equal to 7 mm), and macroscopically atretic follicles were counted. Administration of insulin increased IGF-I in fluid of medium follicles (108.8 vs 60.7 ng/ml; SEM = 13.3; P less than .05). Neither insulin nor fatness affected hCG binding by granulosa cells (12.5 +/- 1.6 ng/10(6) cells) or numbers of large (16.7 +/- 2.6) and medium (10.4 +/- 2.3) follicles. However, insulin increased the number of small follicles (58.9 vs 29.9; SEM = 9.7; P less than .05) and reduced the number of atretic follicles (3.8 vs 11.3; SEM = 1.1; P less than .05). The predominant effect of insulin on reducing number of atretic follicles was in the small size class (.6 vs 6.9; SEM = .6, P less than .01). Follicular fluid estradiol and progesterone were not affected by treatments; however, testosterone concentrations in large follicles were lower in gilts with higher backfat (32.5 vs 59.9 ng/ml; SEM = 4.0; P less than .05). Systemic LH, FSH, glucagon, cortisol, PUN, NEFA, estradiol, and testosterone were not affected by insulin or level of feeding. However, GH was lower in gilts that had higher backfat (overall average of 3.2 vs 2.8 ng/ml; SEM = .1; P less than .05). Insulin reduced atresia and altered intrafollicular IGF-I independently of body condition and without sustained effects on other hormones. 相似文献
16.
I Maracek A Jusíková V Hendrichovsky E Bekeová M Krajnicáková 《Veterinární medicína》1989,34(8):475-484
Changes in progesterone (P4) and 17 beta-estradiol (E2) concentrations in blood serum as well as changes in counts and quality of tertiary follicles on ovary surfaces of ewes were investigated after administration of different GnRH doses on the 15th and 16th day of the oestral cycle. Progesterone (P4) and 17 beta-estradiol (E2) were determined by radioimmunological assays using RIA-test-Prog and RIA-test-Estra kits. It follows from the results that GnRH in Dirigestran inj. Spofa preparation reduces the E2 concentration and multiplication of the number of selected tertiary follicles of ovaries through stimulation of their growth and ripening in ewes of the Improved Wallachian breed. The greatest number of ovulations was reported in ewes administered three doses of the preparation. A positive correlation (r = 0.803) was found between the E2 concentration and the number of selected tertiary follicles of ewes in proestrus. The results corroborated the data on a pulsatile release of gonadoliberin during pre-ovulation incretion of gonadotropins--mainly lutropin (LH), as well as the inhibiting effect of gonadoliberin on the steroidogenesis of the ovary--mainly on estradiol production. 相似文献
17.
乏情母牛50头、有周期活动母绵羊38头,超排处理引起发情后的4(羊)或7～8(牛)天摘取卵巢进行组织学研究。观察到排卵阻断的5种类型:(1)典型黄体但包含未排的卵母细胞,(2)由未破卵泡黄体化而形成的非典型黄体,(3)纤维性结缔组织团块,其中有散在性黄体细胞(仅见于牛),(4)具备葛拉夫氏泡典型结构的滞留卵泡,(5)颗粒膜已黄体化的滞留卵泡。50头牛中共有滞留卵泡(≥10mm)127个、正常黄体29个、非正常黄体20个。严寒和饥饿可能是卵泡囊肿普遍发生的主要原因。试验牛曾用18甲基炔诺酮药管处理9天。在植入和取出药管时各注射1次(共2次)PMSG的母牛,具有很高的(28/30)早期反应率(出现≥3个卵泡的母牛数/接受处理的母牛数),而仅在去管时1次注射PMSG者,反应微弱(4/20)。试验羊中,只有单一用FSH处理者,在发情当天血清E_2—17β浓度形成峰值(168.1pg/ml),而且正常黄体数亦略高(P<0.1)于用FSH加LH处理者。发情后4天血清P_4浓度则以后者为高(P<0.05)。绵羊滞留卵泡表现为孕酮优势,卵泡液中E_2—17β对P_4的浓度比为1∶46。 相似文献
18.
The effects were investigated of a hormonal preparation of serum gonadotrophin (SC) on neurosecretion, PAS-positive mucopolysaccharides and on histological changes in the third cerebral ventricle; at the same time variations were determined of catecholamine concentrations of ependyma surface in the hypothalamic regions that control directly reproductive functions in ewes of the Merino and Wallachian breeds in the oestrus period. Ewe oestrus was synchronized by insertion of Ageline (Spofa) sponges into the vagina. A dose of 2000 IU of serum gonadotrophin (Bioveta, Ivanovice in Haná) was administered to stimulate the ewes (n = 30). Twelve ewes of the Wallachian breed, six control and six test ones, were used for radioenzymatic detection of catecholamines (Catechola test, Prague). The brains were segmented immediately after bleeding and samples were taken from the eminentia medialis, area preoptica and corpus mamillare pursuant to the stereotactic configuration of the sheep hypothalamus (Welento et al., 1968). The brains of ten ewes of the Merino breed, four control and six test ones, and of eight ewes of the Wallachian breed (four control and four test ones) were used for histological treatment. For the purposes of a histological study, the brains were treated with current histological methods. The amount of neurosecretory material was assessed by light microscopy (Nakahara, 1963). Samples for the study of ependyma of the lower part of the third cerebral ventricle were examined in a scanning electron microscope. The obtained results demonstrate a statistically significant decrease by 36.4% (P less than 0.05) in epinephrin concentrations in the area preoptica of hypothalamus after SG administration (Fig. 3), in comparison with the control group. A decrease in norepinephrin concentration in the corpus mamillare (Fig. 4) was statistically significant (P less than 0.001). The dose of 2000 IU SG influenced most markedly catecholamine concentrations in the eminentia medialis (Fig. 5), where a statistically significant decrease in epinephrin and norepinephrin concentration was observed (P less than 0.01). Dopamine concentrations also decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) in the eminentia medialis (Fig. 5). Following the hormonal stimulation, a significant increase in dopamine and epinephrin concentrations was observed in the hypophysis of sheep (Fig. 6; P less than 0.05) and in the epiphysis there was a significant decrease in epinephrin and dopamine concentration (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
19.
Adult Suffolk ewes (n = 14) were treated on d 10 of the estrous cycle with anti-bovine luteinizing hormone (LH) antiserum. Control ewes (n = 10) were treated with normal horse serum. Estrous behavior and the number of corpora lutea and ovarian follicles were examined at the subsequent estrous cycle. Daily plasma concentrations of progesterone (P4), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol were determined before and after treatment. Ewes treated with antiserum had a higher (P less than .05) ovulation rate (2.7 +/- .2) than did controls (2.1 +/- .1). No differences were found in the numbers of large (greater than 5 mm) or small (less than 5 mm) follicles between treatment groups. Estrus was delayed (P less than .025) approximately .6 d/in ewes treated with antisera. Immunoreactive FSH increased (P less than .05) within 1 d after treatment and remained higher than the controls for 5 d. Peak estradiol concentrations occurred on d 17 for treated ewes compared with peak concentrations on d 15 or 16 for control ewes. The P4 concentrations were generally less (P less than .025) in treated ewes throughout the luteal phase of the treatment cycle. These data demonstrate that ovulation rate is increased in ewes treated with LH antiserum. The marked increase in plasma FSH suggests a possible mechanism whereby ovulation rate is enhanced. 相似文献
20.
The effect of the doses of 750, 1000, and 1500 I. U. PMSG (Antex Leo) on changes in the trypsin-inhibition activities (TIA) of the blood plasma and cervical mucus of ewes was found to vary: a) in the times (from PMSG administration) of recording the minimum values of total TIA (72, 48, 24 hours); b) in the values of the average total TIA on individual days of the trial (40.3-141.4% of the control values); c) in the fractions of low-molecular TIA after administration of 750 and 1500 I. U. PMSG, the fractions exhibited minimum values after 24 hours, and of 1000 I. U. after 72 hours (53.0 and 60.4, and 69.7% of the control values, respectively); d) in the highest values of the fractions of low-molecular TIA recorded after 96 hours (96.1-183.7% of the control values); e) in the average values for 96 hours of the trial, which ranged from 64.1% (1500 I. U.) to 77.1% (750 I. U.) for total TIA and from 89.6% (750 and 1000 I. U.) to 122.8% (1500 I. U.) for low-molecular TIA; f) in the ratio of atretic and non-atretic (A/N) tertiary follicles, which grew with increasing PMSG doses; this was indirectly correlated with the average values for total TIA; g) in the weights of uteri and ovaria which increased from 176.8 to 322.3% of the control values after the stimulation; h) in the epithelium thickness of cervix and cervical glands increasing from 118% to 316% of the control values; i) in the average TIA values of cervical mucus ranging from 53.3 to 125% of the control values. 相似文献