共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
为寻找吡唑醚菌酯与氟菌唑混配对番茄灰霉病菌菌丝生长的最佳抑制质量配比,延缓番茄灰霉病菌针对吡唑醚菌酯、氟菌唑单剂抗药性的发展,为农业生产中番茄灰霉病的化学药剂混配或田间混用提供理论依据,本研究采用菌丝生长速率法,分别测定了吡唑醚菌酯与氟菌唑以及二者在5∶1、4∶1、3∶1、2∶1、1∶1、1∶2、1∶3、1∶4、1∶5配比情况下对于番茄灰霉病菌的联合毒力。结果表明：吡唑醚菌酯、氟菌唑对番茄灰霉病菌菌丝的抑制浓度分别为12.279 7 mg/L、0.908 6 mg/L;二者在质量比2∶1、1∶1情况下复配 相似文献
2.
灰霉病是目前保护地茄果类蔬菜生产上的重要病害,每年造成的产量损失极大。该文主要阐述了辣椒、茄子和番茄灰霉病田间症状、病菌菌源、温湿度与病害发生关系,提出灰霉病防控技术,为生产上病害诊断与防治提供科学依据。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
随着现代农业技术的发展,大棚番茄种植规模不断扩大,通过加强栽培管理,为番茄生长营造适宜的生长环境,可实现番茄品质、产量的协同提升,实现经济效益最大化。该文从番茄育苗管理、定植管理、田间管理等方面对番茄栽培技术进行分析和探讨,以期为大棚番茄栽培生产提供参考。 相似文献
6.
为寻找小麦赤霉病的强拮抗菌,探索生物防治的有效途径,对四川地区广泛种植的小麦品种川麦107的内生拮抗菌进行了研究.利用直接堆砌法培养6 d的结果表明,4个菌株对小麦赤霉病有明显的抑制作用,其中L16菌株的抑制作用明显高于分离的其他3个菌株,其平均抑菌圈达到2.2 cm.L16菌株对番茄灰霉病菌、油菜菌核病菌、炭疽病菌等都有拮抗作用,其发酵液在室外条件下仍保持良好的抑菌活性.根据培养特征和生理生化特性,初步鉴定L16菌株为链霉菌属的金色类群(Series Aureus).因此,L16菌株作为小麦赤霉病的生防材料,具有良好的开发应用前景. 相似文献
7.
《热带作物学报》2017,(9)
对广西三七灰霉病的典型病斑进行分离培养、致病性检测,通过形态学观察并结合r DNA-ITS序列分析鉴定病原菌;通过室内及田间试验研究了温湿度对菌丝生长、孢子萌发的影响,以及病害的病程和病斑显症率,并对不同立地条件、不同生长年限三七灰霉病的发生规律进行调查;最后采用菌丝生长速率法研究了15种杀菌剂对病原菌的抑制作用。结果表明,三七灰霉病病原菌为灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea);菌丝生长、孢子形成及萌发的最适温度为20℃,孢子萌发需要高湿度,低于100%湿度不萌发;不同季节、不同生长年限三七的病程为5~13 d,病斑在田间的持续显症期为6 d;三七灰霉病在三七生长期都能发生,10~11月份为发生高峰期,其中不同立地条件下的发病严重度顺序为旱地坡地林下,不同生长年限下的顺序为3年生三七2年生三七1年生三七;咯菌腈、嘧菌环胺与嘧菌酯、氟硅唑对病原菌的菌丝生长抑制率达100%。 相似文献
8.
辣椒采后灰霉病拮抗细菌的分离及生防效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了降低辣椒采后由灰霉病引起的腐烂损失,从辣椒植株内分离筛选拮抗菌,结果获得6株对辣椒灰霉病菌有较强抑制作用的内生细菌,其中PL58菌株的抑菌活性最强,在平板上培养3d后抑菌圈直径大于39 mm,培养7 d后对辣椒灰霉病菌的抑制率达55.1%,该菌株初步鉴定为芽孢杆菌,其拮抗作用有一定的广谱性。该菌株的发酵液(1.0×109 cfu/mL)对辣椒灰霉病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发均有较强的抑制作用,但其无菌滤液没有抑制作用。该菌株在辣椒果实上对灰霉病的拮抗效果最高达78%,辣椒果实在25℃下贮藏25 d后该菌株的生防效果仍有37.2%。因此,PL58菌株可以作为一种生防菌应用于辣椒采后灰霉病的防治。 相似文献
9.
为了研究番茄XRN2基因的功能,利用RT-PCR技术从番茄各组织混合cDNA中扩增了番茄XRN2基因全长编码序列,并对其进行了表达模式分析。结果表明该基因在番茄根部表达最强烈。通过对番茄叶片进行伤害诱导处理,发现番茄XRN2基因表达呈上升趋势。将该基因在组成型启动子CaMV35S驱动下定向构建至植物表达载体pCambia1301-35S,重组载体命名为pCambia1301-35S-XRN2和pCambia1301-35S-AsXRN2。通过农杆菌介导法转化获得转基因番茄,为进一步阐明XRN2基因在番茄中的功能奠定了基础。 相似文献
10.
《热带作物学报》2017,(10)
为了解贵州不同季节番茄气候生产潜力的变化趋势、空间差异以及番茄气候资源利用规律,研究基于贵州省81个气象站1961~2015年的气象资料,采用逐步订正、GIS空间插值和线性趋势分析等方法,分析番茄的光合、光温和气候生产潜力的时空变化特征。结果表明:冬春番茄的光合和气候生产潜力均呈递减的变化趋势,递减率分别为174.11、226.52 kg/(hm~2·10 a),而光温生产潜力为递增的变化趋势;夏秋番茄的光合、光温和气候生产潜力均为递减趋势,递减速率分别为355.24、317.99、427.67 kg/(hm~2·10 a);空间分布特征表明,冬春番茄的气候生产潜力空间上自东南向西部递减的趋势,夏秋番茄的气候生产潜力呈西南向东北递减的趋势;分别对番茄光合生产力分别进行温度、水分订正,冬春、夏秋番茄的平均气候减产率分别为35%、15%,其中降雨量是番茄气候生产潜力的主要限制因子。 相似文献
11.
Hillary Righini Ornella Francioso Michele Di Foggia Antera Martel Quintana Roberta Roberti 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)
Phycobiliproteins (PBPs) are proteins of cyanobacteria and some algae such as rhodophytes. They have antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activity at the human level, but there is a lack of knowledge on their antifungal activity against plant pathogens. We studied the activity of PBPs extracted from Arthrospira platensis and Hydropuntia cornea against Botrytis cinerea, one of the most important worldwide plant-pathogenic fungi. PBPs were characterized by using FT-IR and FT-Raman in order to investigate their structures. Their spectra differed in the relative composition in the amide bands, which were particularly strong in A. platensis. PBP activity was tested on tomato fruits against gray mold disease, fungal growth, and spore germination at different concentrations (0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, and 4.8 mg/mL). Both PBPs reduced fruit gray mold disease. A linear dose–response relationship was observed for both PBPs against disease incidence and H. cornea against disease severity. Pathogen mycelial growth and spore germination were reduced significantly by both PBPs. In conclusion, PBPs have the potential for being also considered as natural compounds for the control of fungal plant pathogens in sustainable agriculture. 相似文献
12.
Botrytis cinerea, the fungal pathogen responsible for causing gray mold in tomatoes, frequently exhibits multiple fungicide resistance. In this study, the sensitivity to carbendazim (Car), diethofencarb (Die), procymidone (Prc), and pyrimethanil (Pyr) was determined for 263 isolates of B. cinerea from diseased fruit and leaves of tomato plants from 87 commercial greenhouses in Henan Province of China during 2013 and 2014. Of the isolates tested, 89%, 93%, 85%, and 86% were resistant to Car, Die, Prc, and Pyr, respectively. Twelve phenotypes were found having different sensitivity patterns, and multi-fungicide resistance was found to one, two, three or four fungicides. The percentage of multiple fungicide resistant isolates (CarRDieRPrcRPyrR) was 68%. Mycelial growth, spore production, and mycelial dry weight were not significantly different between resistant and sensitive phenotypes of the B. cinerea isolates. However, the virulence of CarSDieRPrcSPyrS isolates was higher than that of the other fungicide-resistance phenotypes. All of the carbendazim and diethofencarb resistant phenotypes carried a point mutation at codon 198 (E198A or E198K) or 200 (F200Y) in the β-tubulin gene, and all of the procymidone resistant phenotypes carried point mutations at codons 369 (Q369P) and 373 (N373S) in the Bos1 gene. These results provided important reference data for assessment of resistance risk of B. cinerea isolates from commercial tomato transplants in Henan Province, indicating the existence of a high frequency of resistance to carbendazim, diethofencarb, procymidone, and pyrimethanil revealing the necessity of a more integrated control of gray mold. 相似文献
13.
The biocontrol activity of three isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens against gray mold of apple fruit caused by Botrytis mali and their ability to induce biochemical defense response in apple tissue were investigated. Apple fruit (Malus domestica) wounds were inoculated with 20 microL bacterial suspension (10(8) CFU mL(-1)) of Pseudomonas fluorescens followed 24 h later by 20 microL of conidial suspension of B. mali (10(5) conidia mL(-1)). The apples were then incubated at 20 degrees C for 11 days. Lesion diameters were evaluated 6 and 10 days after pathogen inoculation. In addition to controlling gray mold, these three isolates of P. fluorescens caused increase in peroxidase activities that reached maximum levels 2-6 days after pathogen inoculation. Phenolic accumulation was increased in apple fruit treated with antagonists and inoculated with B. mali and exhibited the highest level 6-8 days after treatment. The ability of P. fluorescens to increase activities of peroxidase and levels of phenol compounds maybe one of mechanism responsible its biocontrol activity. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
影响元江县大麻产量和质量的主要真菌性病害为菌核病和灰霉病，两种病害导致的损失可达30％以上。其他较常见和导致一定损失的真菌性病害还有秆腐病、霜霉病、黄色叶斑病和褐斑病等。 相似文献
17.
介绍了温室春番茄高产栽培技术,包括品种选择、整地定植、苗期管理、病虫害防治等,为辽宁省葫芦岛市温室的番茄生产提供参考。 相似文献
18.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of silicon and chitosan as alternative controls for postharvest rot of strawberries (gray mold) caused by Botrytis cinerea. Chitosan and potassium silicate applications were performed at the preharvest stage using the following treatments: chitosan once a week; potassium silicate once a week; potassium silicate once a week + chitosan once a week; and without application. An additional variable was introduced at postharvest, with one-half of the total fruit harvested from each plot dipped in chitosan and the other half not dipped in chitosan. Potassium silicate alone was not effective for rot control. Fruits from plants that received the chitosan application showed 64% less area under the rot progress curve (AURPC) than fruits from plants that were not treated with chitosan. Harvested fruits that were chitosan dipped showed 48% less AURPC than fruits that were not treated at postharvest. Chitosan application in the field and at postharvest is a promising strategy for the management of postharvest strawberry rot. 相似文献
19.
Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea, a ubiquitous and destructive plant pathogen, is an important disease of various crops including orchard crops, vegetables and ornamental plants. In June 2012, symptoms similar to gray mold were observed on mung bean (Vigna radiata) plants in Yongchuan, Chongqing, China. To confirm the causal agent, the pathogen was isolated and six fungal isolates were identified based on morphological and molecular characterization. The six isolates showed similar morphology to Botrytis cinerea. The rDNA-ITS sequences of the six isolates showed 99% identity to reported B. cinerea strains. The two specific primer pairs for B. cinerea, C729+/C729− and Bc108+/Bc563−, produced target fragments of 700-bp and 450-bp, respectively, in all six isolates, and their sequences displayed 99–100% identity to known B. cinerea strains. All of the isolates harbored two transposable elements of B. cinerea, Flipper and Boty, which indicated that they all belonged to the transposa group. Subsequently, pathogenicity tests demonstrated the pathogen was virulent not only on mung bean but also on other legume crops, including Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna angularis, Pisum sativum, Vicia faba, and Glycine max. The results of morphological and molecular identification combined with pathogenicity tests confirmed that the pathogen isolated from mung bean was B. cinerea. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. cinerea causing gray mold on mung bean in the world. 相似文献
20.
本研究采用小RNA深度测序及RT-PCR检测技术鉴定海南省陵水县冬种番茄(圣女果)病株受到烟草花叶病毒属的番茄斑驳花叶病毒(Tomato mottle mosaic virus,ToMMV)侵染。通过机械摩擦接种,将该病原病毒保存于本生烟植株上,命名为番茄斑驳花叶病毒海南分离物(ToMMV-HN)。采用RT-PCR分段扩增获得了该病毒分离物的全基因组序列。测序结果表明,该病毒分离物基因组全长6399 nt,含有4个开放阅读框,编码4种蛋白,与已报道的ToMMV9个分离物核苷酸和编码产物氨基酸序列相似性分别为98.0%～100%和99.2%～100%;与同属的番茄花叶病毒(Tomato mosaic virus,ToMV)、番茄棕色皱果病毒(Tomato brown rugose fruit virus,TBRFV)和烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)代表分离物核苷酸序列相似性分别为84.7%、80.7%和79.0%。系统进化分析结果表明,ToMMV-HN与该病毒中国西藏和云南辣椒分离物亲缘关系最近,与美国加州和南卡州番茄分离物次之,与西班牙和巴西番茄分离物亲缘关系相对较远。本研究为我国番茄病毒病诊断和防控,尤其是抗病品种选育提供了基础资料。 相似文献