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环剥对苎麻开花的诱导效应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究了５个品种（系）、３个环剥时期及两种密度下,环剥对苎麻（短日植物）开花的诱导效应。结果表明：环剥能诱导头麻成熟期已有花芽分化的品种（系）于５至６月的自然长日下只开雄花,比短日（１０小时光照）处理株花蕾多、花期长,但环剥不能诱导同等条件下无花芽分化的品种开花。对成熟茎环剥比成熟前环剥、稀植比密植表现出更好的诱导效果。 相似文献
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以火焰无核葡萄为试材,通过采用不同宽度、不同部位的环剥技术,研究环剥对葡萄穗长、穗宽、粒质量、粒长等性状的影响。结果表明,不同宽度及不同部位环剥对葡萄果实性状有较大影响,可显著增加葡萄果穗与果粒长度,增大果粒质量,特别能够显著提高葡萄含糖量。不同宽度环剥处理之间,8 mm环剥宽度的效果优于2 mm和5 mm;不同部位环剥处理之间,结果枝基部环剥效果较结果母枝基部显著。 相似文献
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大豆缺铁失绿病在美国北部pH值高的土壤上是个问题,那些土壤也被认为含有大量石灰,呈碱性或钙值。由于扩大种植大豆面积,以致缺铁失绿病成为很值得注意的问题。在明尼苏达与依阿华能够引起缺铁失绿病的各类型土壤的总面积大约有180万亩,估计每年在这些土壤上种植大豆为50万亩。缺铁失绿病在美国中北部C1ar-ion-Nicollet-Webster的土壤群落上最为流行,其他地区一些受影响不严重的土地上也有发生。 相似文献
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一、利用刻芽、环剥技术“春刻成芽,夏剥成花”。刻芽、环剥是果树栽培管理中普遍采用的一种措施,它对于抑制树体生长,促进花芽分化,效果非常显著。刻芽是在早春果树发芽之前,用小刀或锯条在芽的上方进行刻伤,以促使下部芽的萌发。通过刻芽能够提高萌芽率,增加生长点,削弱顶端优势,达到抑前促后的目的,防止枝条的后面出现光腿现象。刻芽要因树制宜、因枝制宜,隔三插五地刻,多刻两侧芽,少刻背下芽,不刻背上芽。 相似文献
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<正>我国柑橘生产发展迅猛,2012年全国柑橘栽培面积达230.7万公顷,产量3168万吨,但平均亩产量只有915.5千克,较世界主产柑橘的巴西、美国1500~2000千克的亩产量低很多。造成柑橘产量低的原因很多,其中苗木种植后还未结果就出现叶片缺铁黄化,导致树势衰弱甚至死亡就是其中之一。以下将柑橘缺铁的症状、主要原因与矫治方法进行介绍。1.缺铁的症状柑橘缺铁的典型症状是失绿。失绿首先发生在新梢上,叶片褪绿,叶肉部分发黄,叶脉保持绿色。典型的症状是淡绿色叶片上有绿色的细网状叶脉。随着症状的加重,叶片变薄、变白(或淡黄色),叶片上出现褐色斑点和坏组织。后随着叶片成熟,绿色叶脉与浅绿 相似文献
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莫曾梅 《农产品加工．学刊》2019,(7):78-80
随着生活水平的提高,果蔬产品成为人们摄取营养元素的重要食品之一。分析了我国果蔬采后存在的问题,并对低温及气调保鲜、化学保鲜剂、涂膜保鲜技术及超声保鲜技术等贮藏保鲜技术研究进行了综述,指出我国果蔬贮藏保鲜技术持续、稳定、健康的发展要倚重于科技创新。 相似文献
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Oil and protein crops are of growing importance in cropping systems. This study was carried out to compare oil crops of linseed, rapeseed, sunflower and protein crops of faba bean and white lupin for grain production, residual plant dry matter and nitrogen. Two field experiments with either oil or protein crops were conducted in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Total dry matter production, grain yield, residues, N concentrations and mineral N in the soil were measured. Dry matter production and distribution as well as N uptake and residues varied greatly among species and between years. In 1993, oil crops gave up to 3 t ha−1 grain and 16 t ha−1 residues with sunflower, while in 1994 up to 5 and 11 t ha−1, respectively, were recorded with winter rape. Protein crops showed an opposite reaction in years. Nitrogen uptake and residual N amounts were correlated with dry matter production. Plant residues of oil crops contained 20–140 kg N ha−1; those of protein crops up to 80 kg N ha−1. Despite the variation of residual plant N the variability of mineral N in the soil at harvest was hardly influenced by crops and amounted to only 20–50 kg NO−3-N ha−1. 相似文献
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我国蔬菜产业和科学技术的发展与展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 我国蔬菜产业的发展现状蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,也是我国目前种植业中最具活力的经济作物。改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农产品产销体制的不断改革和完善,特别是1988年实施“菜篮子工程”以来,蔬菜产业得到了蓬勃发展。1.1 播种面积1987~1999年,全国蔬菜播种面积由533.3万hm2,发展到1333.3万hm2,增长139.5%。1.2 总产量1987~1999年,全国蔬菜总产量由1.55亿t增加到4.05亿t,增长161.3%,使年人均鲜菜占有量达到330.7kg(世界各国人均105kg…… 相似文献
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以Y05-222A和Y06-136R杂交得到的135株F2群体为研究材料,测定过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、脯氨酸（Pro）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛（MDA）等6个生理指标,并进行方差分析、相关性分析和通径分析,对F2群体进行偏度及峰度分析。结果显示,以上6个生理指标在F2群体中P>0.05,分布频率符合正态分布,同时存在双向超亲分离现象;相关性分析和通径分析显示,这些指标与抗盐碱系数均呈极显著相关（正相关或负相关）,且相关系数与总间接通径系数方向一致。POD活性的直接通径系数为0.5003,可见POD直接影响抗盐碱性;CAT活性和Pro含量的直接通径系数分别为-0.1317和-0.0384,间接影响抗盐碱性;SOD活性、MDA及可溶性蛋白含量直接或间接影响抗盐碱性。POD、SOD、Pro、CAT、可溶性蛋白和MDA各生理指标的抗盐碱作用表现为POD>CAT>Pro>可溶性蛋白>MDA>SOD。叶片数、株高、茎粗和盘径与抗盐碱系数呈极显著正相关,其相关性表现为叶片数>盘径>株高>茎粗。以上结果可为研究油用向日葵抗盐碱性提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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果蔬食品的褐变与控制 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
结合生产实际,对果蔬食品产生褐变的机理及其控制途径进行探讨。通过遗传学途径,培育果蔬新品种,使之不含易氧化变色物质,增强其天然抗褐变性,是控制果蔬褐变的根本途径。 相似文献
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《Journal of Landscape Research》2013,(Z1)
Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design. 相似文献
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LI Zhi-liang~ 《保鲜与加工》2004,(7):82-85
Some novel concepts of chemomics/molomics are proposed including hydrocarbomics, alcophenomics, carboxomics, pepitomics, metabonomics, etc. like genomics, protomics and glycomics in bioomics. Some examples are given to demonstrate the chemomics and/or molomics methodology and technology based chemoinformatics and bioinformatics and their wide applications in Chemistry and Biology. 相似文献
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Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Summary Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple. For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method.In apple, the acidity-decreasing with time-of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit; sugar-increasing with time-not before the fruit was picking ripe. Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage. The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable. On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents. Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene. The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection. 相似文献