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1.
本研究对河北省大面积发生的金莲花绿变病的病原进行检测和鉴定。以金莲花叶片的总DNA为模板,使用植原体16S rDNA和核糖体蛋白(ribosomal protein)基因rp的特异性引物进行PCR扩增,在感病金莲花样品中扩增到植原体的16S rDNA(1 432 bp)片段和rp基因(1 240 bp)片段。序列分析发现,获得的16S rDNA和rp基因片段与洋葱黄化植原体Onion yellows phytoplasma(GenBank登录号:AP006628)的相似度最高,分别为99.9%和99.3%,确定金莲花绿变病的病原为植原体,暂命名为金莲花绿变植原体Trollius chinensis virescence phytoplasma。对金莲花绿变植原体的16S rDNA进行虚拟RFLP分析,发现其酶切图谱与16SrⅠ-B亚组的洋葱黄化植原体的参照图谱完全一致,相似系数1.00。16S rDNA和rp基因的系统发育进化树显示,金莲花绿变植原体与16SrⅠ-B亚组的植原体聚为一支,属于植原体16S rⅠ-B亚组。 相似文献
2.
《植物检疫》2019,(4)
2016年在生长于海南省澄迈县的卵叶山蚂蝗上发现了丛枝、小叶等疑似植原体感染症状。利用植原体16S rRNA基因的通用引物R16mF2/R16mR1,对卵叶山蚂蝗丛枝样品进行了PCR检测,并对检测到的植原体16S rRNA基因片段(1.4 kb)进行克隆测序、序列比对、虚拟限制性片段长度多态性分析和系统进化树构建分析。结果表明,卵叶山蚂蝗丛枝植原体(beggarweed witches'-broom phytoplasma,MK956144)为来檬植原体(Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia,U15442)的相关株系,属于花生丛枝植原体组A亚组(16SrII-A),这是首次发现植原体感染卵叶山蚂蝗的报道。 相似文献
3.
从表现黄化(丛枝)症状的桉树上采集病叶,抽提主脉总DNA,采用植原体通用引物与巢式引物进行PCR和巢式PCR扩增,对扩增产物进行克隆和序列测定,获得了植原体的近全长16S rRNA基因及部分16～23S rRNA基因间隔区序列.序列分析揭示,所获得的序列与已知植原体基因组相应区段的序列高度同源,与柳叶菜变叶植原体(epilobium phyllody)和白腊树丛枝植原体(ash witches'-broom)相应序列(GenBank登录号:AY101386和AY566302)同源率为99.9%,与白腊树黄化植原体(aster yellows BD2)相应序列和番茄巨芽植原体(tomato big bud)相应序列同源率分别为99.6%和99.3%.该序列构建的系统进化树表明,引起我国广州地区桉树黄化(丛枝)病的植原体属于16SrI组(即翠菊黄化组),将其暂命名为桉树黄化(丛枝)植原体广东株系(Eucalyp-tus yellowing and witches'-broom phytoplasma strain Guangdong,EYWB-Gd).建立了桉树植原体巢式PCR检测方法,对疑似病样及桉树组培苗进行了检测,多数疑似病样检测结果为阳性,供试的10株组培苗未发现阳性样品. 相似文献
4.
小麦蓝矮病植原体16S rDNA基因片段的比较分析 总被引：21，自引：3，他引：18
小麦蓝矮病是陕西乃至西北冬麦麦区的一个重要病害,由介体条沙叶蝉专化性传播。对小麦蓝矮病株叶片和带毒条沙叶蝉进行超薄切片及电镜观察,在叶片韧皮部和叶蝉后肠中均观察到大量典型植原体。利用植原体16S rDNA基因保守序列通用引物对Rm16F2/Rm16R1,应用PCR技术从小麦蓝矮病株叶片中扩增到1.4 kb的特异片段。通过对16S rDNA基因片段序列同源性比较,结果表明小麦蓝矮病病原与三叶草绿变、翠菊黄化、绣球花绿变、草莓矮化和番茄巨芽植原体亲缘关系较近,其同源率为99.2%~99.9%。据此可以判定小麦蓝矮病植原体是属于植原体16SrⅠ组,确定了其分类地位。 相似文献
5.
2022年首次在广州市发现园林植物雪花木小叶病病株, 采用分子生物学技术对其进行植原体的种类鉴定。以雪花木叶片总DNA为模板, 利用植原体16S rRNA通用引物P1/P7进行PCR扩增, 获得广东雪花木小叶病植原体(BLL-GD2022)16S rRNA基因片段(1 811 bp, GenBank登录号为OQ625536)。16S rRNA序列相似性显示, BLL-GD2022与16SrVI组植原体株系的相似性最高, 为97.05%~99.83%, 其中与隶属于16SrVI-D亚组的10个植原体株系相似性为99.21%~99.83%。系统进化分析显示, BLL-GD2022与16SrVI组各植原体株系聚类在一个大分支, 其中与16SrVI-D亚组成员聚类在一个小分支, 亲缘关系最近。基于16S rRNA序列的iPhyClassifier限制性内切酶虚拟RFLP分析表明, BLL-GD2022与16SrVI-D亚组的参考株系Brinjal little leaf phytoplasma (GenBank登录号为X83431)的酶切图谱一致, 相似系数为1.00。基于上述研究结果, 明确广州市雪花木小叶病植原体隶属16SrVI-D亚组成员。本研究首次在园林植物雪花木上检测到植原体, 通过16S rRNA序列分析明确为16SrVI-D亚组成员, 为开展16SrVI-D亚组植原体在蔬菜、花卉和园林植物的发生监测及病害防控提供科学依据。 相似文献
6.
对内蒙古农业大学校园内表现花器绿变症状的菊花样品进行采集和DNA提取,应用植原体16S rRNA基因和rp基因的引物进行巢式PCR扩增,从感病样品中分别扩增得到了长度均约为1.2 kb的片段。序列一致性分析表明,菊花绿变植原体16S rRNA基因与翠菊黄化植原体匈牙利风信子株系(GenBank登录号MN080271)、印度玉米株系(KY565571)、印度繁缕株系(KC623537)和印度马铃薯株系(KC312703)的核酸一致性最高,为99.9%,rp基因序列与翠菊黄化植原体立陶宛洋葱株系(GU228514)的核酸一致性最高,为99.8%。基于16S rRNA基因和rp基因构建系统进化树时发现,菊花绿变植原体均与16SrI-B亚组成员聚为一起。16S rRNA基因相似性系数分析表明,菊花绿变植原体与洋葱黄化植原体(AP006628)的相似性系数最高为1.00,洋葱黄化植原体(AP006628)在分类上属于16SrI-B亚组。因此,我们可以确定该菊花绿变植原体属于16SrI-B亚组。这是我国首次报道菊花绿变病的发生。 相似文献
7.
通过透射电子显微镜,在表现卷叶、褪绿症状的丁香(Syringa oblata)样品的叶脉韧皮部筛管细胞内观察到大量植原体粒子。应用植原体16S rRNA基因通用引物对P1/P7和R16F2n/R16R2对表症丁香植株总DNA进行巢式PCR扩增,得到了约1.2 kb的目标片段,通过对扩增片段进行测序、系统发育分析和同源性分析,结果表明,该片段长度为1 246 bp,在系统发育进化树上与翠菊黄化组（Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris）成员是聚集在一起的,与该组成员同源性均在98%以上。用16Sr RNAⅠ组和Ⅴ组特异引物确定了该病害非混合侵染所致,相似性系数和RFLP分析表明该植原体属于16SrⅠ B亚组。这是国内关于翠菊黄化组植原体在丁香上感染的首次报道。 相似文献
8.
一种引起香石竹黄化病植原体的初步鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
植原体(phytoplasma)(原称类菌原体Myco- plasma-like Organism,简称MLO)是一类无细胞壁,存在于植物筛管细胞内的原核生物。迄今为止,世界上报道的植物植原体病害多达300余种, 且有不断增加的趋势。其主要症状包括丛枝、黄化、花变叶、花器褪化等。由于植原体至今未能分离培养成功,其培养性状、生化特性、营养需求等都无从得知,所以长期以来对其检测及鉴定技术的发展都没有突破性进展。近十多年来,PCR技术使植原体检测、鉴定与分类取得了令人瞩目的进展,对植原体16S rRNA基因的分析使人们从遗传本质上认识到了植原体与其它原核微生物间的差异,也使人们对植原体的检测达到了单拷贝基因水平。目前, 根据植原体16S rRNA和核糖体蛋白(rp)基因的序列分析形成了植原体分类和鉴定的基本框架。 相似文献
9.
2022年, 对在广东省湛江市廉江市田间发现的疑似番茄巨芽病病株, 利用分子生物学方法对其相关植原体进行了鉴定。以番茄病株叶片总DNA为模板, 利用植原体16S rRNA基因通用引物R16mF2/R16mR1进行PCR扩增, 获得了广东番茄巨芽病植原体(TBB-GD-2022)16S rRNA基因片段(1 430 bp, GenBank登录号为ON102780)。16S rRNA基因序列相似性分析显示, TBB-GD-2022与16SrⅡ组植原体菌株的相似性较高, 为96.82%~100%, 其中与隶属于16SrⅡ-V亚组的6个植原体株系相似性为100%。系统进化分析显示, TBB-GD-2022与16SrⅡ组各植原体株系聚类在一个大分支, 并与16SrⅡ-V亚组成员聚类在一个小分支, 亲缘关系较近。16S rRNA 基因相似系数分析表明, TBB-GD-2022与16SrⅡ-V亚组的参照株系‘Praxelis clematidea’ phyllody phytoplasma (GenBank登录号:KY568717) 的相似系数为1.00。上述研究结果表明, 广东番茄巨芽病植原体隶属16SrⅡ-V亚组成员。本文首次报道在广东发现番茄巨芽病, 通过其16S rRNA序列分析进一步确定了其相关植原体的分类地位, 为该病害的防控提供了科学依据。 相似文献
10.
小麦蓝矮病植原体(wheat blue dwarf,WBD)属于翠菊黄化组三叶草绿变亚组植原体(16SrⅠ-C),由介体条沙叶蝉(Psammotettix striatus L.)专化性传播。通过电镜超微结构观察,在接种小麦、长春花和带毒条沙叶蝉体内有大量植原体,而在健康植物组织、无毒条沙叶蝉和带毒条沙叶蝉所产卵中未见植原体的存在。通过介体传毒试验和PCR检测发现,条沙叶蝉最适获毒期为7 d,植原体在虫体内的潜育期为1 5～1 7 d,接毒期为2～3 d。条沙叶蝉一旦获毒可终生持毒和传毒。不同虫态的条沙叶蝉带毒率没有明显的差异,但寄生植物的种类影响其带毒率。 相似文献
11.
Z. N. Li J. G. Song C. P. Zhang X. Q. Yu K. K. Wu W. J. Wu Y. F. Wu Y. Xiang 《Phytoparasitica》2010,38(1):99-102
Berberis thunbergii atropurpurea, also known as Red barberry, is a small ornamental shrub in the family Berberidaceae. In recent years, a phyllody symptom
has been observed frequently, spreading in the shrubs in northwestern China. A phytoplasma 16S rDNA specific fragment was
amplified by PCR from Berberis plants with the phyllody symptoms. DNA sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis revealed the phytoplasma
belongs to 16SrV-B subgroup. This is the first report that Berbegis thunbergii atropurpurea is a host for 16SrV-B phytoplasma. The disease was named Berberis phyllody. 相似文献
12.
榆树黄化病植原体的分子检测与鉴定 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用植原体16SrRNA基因的通用引物R16rrLF2/R16mR1和R16F2n/R16R2对山东泰山上发生的榆树(Ulmus parvifolia)黄化病感病植株总DNA进行巢式PCR扩增,得到了约1.2kb的特异性片段,从分子水平证实了榆树黄化病的病原(EY-China)为植原体。将扩增到的片段测序,并进行一致性和系统进化树分析。结果表明,该分离物属于植原体榆树黄化组(Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi),与该组成员16SrRNA序列的一致性均在98.2%以上,其中与16SrV-B亚组中的纸桑丛枝(Paper mulberry wiches'-broom)和枣疯病(Jujube witches'-broom)植原体一致性最高,达到99.4%,在系统进化树中与该亚组成员聚类到同一个分支,说明该分离物属于植原体16SrV-B亚组。本研究首次对在中国引致榆树黄化病的植原体进行了分子检测,并通过核酸序列分析将其鉴定到亚组水平。 相似文献
13.
广东枣疯病植原体的鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Several jujube plants with witches′ broom, little leaf, and big bud symptoms, which were likely infected by jujube witches′ broom (JWB) phytoplasma, were collected in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. To identify the pathogen, PCR was performed using phytoplasma 16S rDNA universal primer pairs R16mF2/R1 and P1/P7 and SecA gene primer pair SecAfor1/rev3 with total DNA of the symptomatic plants as templates. Specific fragments, 1.4 kb, 1.8 kb, and 0.8 kb in length, were amplified from one of three symptomatic samples. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA verified that the pathogen harming jujube plants in Guangzhou was jujube witches′ broom phytoplasma which belonged to 16SrV-B subgroup. Comparison results also showed that the 16S rDNA sequence of Guangzhou JWB phytoplasma shared the highest nucleotide identity (100%) with the reported jujube witches′ broom phytoplasma Japanese strain (AB442218) and JWB strain (AY197661) and shared the nucleotide identity ranging from 99.74% to 99.80% with the other JWB phytoplasma strains. In addition, phylogenetic analysis based on SecA also showed that Guangzhou jujube witches′ broom phytoplasma belonged to 16SrV-B subgroup and shared 99.28%-99.76% similarity with other phytoplasma strains. All these results suggested that jujube witches′ broom phytoplasma has infected jujube plants in Guangdong Province. 相似文献
14.
Wheat blue dwarf(WBD) is a disease caused by phytoplasma and only reported from China. A fragment about 1.3 kb in protein translocation gene, secY was amplified by PCR from the total DNA of di-seased wheat sample with primer pair secYF/secYR, which was designed based on secY gene sequence of known 16SrI group members. Nucleotide acid sequence analysis of amplified fragment indicated that the length was 1 240 bp. A phylogenetic tree based on secY gene sequences was constructed and showed that wheat blue dwarf phytoplasma was clustered into the Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris, subgroup 16SrI-C. Wheat blue dwarf phytoplasma showed high homology with clover phyllody phytoplasma strains based on sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis. 相似文献
15.
小麦蓝矮病植原体16S rDNA序列分析研究 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
小麦蓝矮病是我国西北地区冬小麦上一种重要病害。本研究利用植原体16S rDNA通用引物对小麦蓝矮病患病植株全DNA进行nest-PCR扩增,获得1.2 kb的特异片段,并对扩增产物进行核苷酸序列测定,从分子水平证明了小麦蓝矮病的病原是植原体。利用最大简约法构建了16S rDNA系统演化树,系统演化关系分析表明:小麦蓝矮病植原体应该归属于翠菊植原体(Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris);小麦蓝矮病植原体与三叶草变叶病植原体(CPh)关系密切,被聚类为同一亚组(16Sr I-C),但是它们在寄主范围和传播介体等生物学性状方面差异很大。 相似文献
16.
Flax plants (Linum usitatissimum) of the white (album) flower variety exhibiting typical phytoplasma-like symptoms were found for the first time in Pakistan during 2011. The symptoms included floral virescence, phyllody, little leaf, stunting and stem fasciation. Light microscopy of hand-cut stem sections treated with Dienes’ stain showed blue areas in the phloem region of symptomatic plants. To confirm phytoplasma infection, total DNA was extracted separately from five plants showing virescence/phyllody and from five others showing fasciation, and was amplified by nested PCR using universal 16S rDNA phytoplasma primers P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2. All samples from plants with virescence/phyllody and fasciation yielded a 1,250 bp PCR product, and identical RFLP profiles using the enzymes AluI and HpaII. Direct sequencing of the 16S rDNA of one representative PCR amplicon (GenBank Accession No. JX567504 for phyllody and Accession No. JX567505 for fasciation) showed highest sequence identity (99%) with 16SrII ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ phytoplasmas, and phylogenetic analysis placed the phytoplasma in subgroup 16SrII-D. Disease was successfully transmitted by grafting and by the leafhopper Orosius albicinctus. To our knowledge, flax is a new natural host for 16SrII-D phytoplasmas in Pakistan. 相似文献
17.
Rasa Jomantiene Yan Zhao Ing-Ming Lee Robert Edward Davis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,130(1):97-107
Phytoplasmas infecting sour cherry and lilac in Lithuania were found to represent two lineages related to clover phyllody
phytoplasma (CPh), a subgroup 16SrI-(R/S)C (formerly 16SrI-C) strain exhibiting rRNA interoperon sequence heterogeneity. 16S
rDNAs amplified from the cherry bunchy leaf (ChBL) and lilac little leaf (LcLL) phytoplasmas were identical or nearly identical
to those of operon rrnA and operon rrnB, respectively, of CPh. There was no evidence of 16S rRNA interoperon sequence heterogeneity in either LcLL or ChBL phytoplasma.
Based on collective RFLP patterns of 16S rDNA, ChBL was classified in subgroup 16SrI-R, and LcLL was classified in new subgroup
16SrI-S. The ribosomal protein (rp) gene sequences from LcLL phytoplasma were identical to those of CPh, and strain LcLL was
classified in rp subgroup rpI-C. By contrast, rp gene sequences from ChBL phytoplasma differed from those of subgroup rpI-C;
based on RFLP patterns of rp gene sequences, ChBL was classified in new rp subgroup rpI-O. Single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs), designated here by a new SNP convention, marked members of rp subgroup rpI-C, and distinguished LcLL and CPh from
ChBL and other non-rpI-C phytoplasmas in group 16SrI. The results raise questions concerning phytoplasma biodiversity assessment
based on rRNA genes alone and encourage the supplemental use of a single copy gene in phytoplasma identification and classification,
while drawing attention to a possible role of horizontal gene transfer in the evolutionary history of these lineages. 相似文献
18.
19.
B. Schneider C. Marcone M. Kampmann A. Ragozzino W. Lederer M.-T. Cousin E. Seemüller 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1997,103(8):675-686
Restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis of PCR-amplified ribosomal DNA were used to identify and classify phytoplasmas associated with diseases of various wild and cultivated plants. The diseases examined were either not known before or the presumable causal agents were not yet identified and characterized or were only known from other geographic areas. New diseases examined were those causing virescence and phyllody of Bunias orientalis and Cardaria draba. Both were associated with strains of the aster yellows phytoplasma. The same type of aster yellows phytoplasma was also found to be associated with yellows and phyllody diseases of Portulaca oleracea, Stellaria media, Daucus carota ssp. sativus, and Cyclamen persicum. In German and French DNA samples from diseased Trifolium repens, the clover phyllody phytoplasma was identified, which could clearly be distinguished from other phytoplasmas of the aster yellows group. Strains of the stolbur phytoplasma were detected in big bud-affected tomatoes and almost exclusively in Convolvulus arvensis. In Cirsium arvense and Picris echioides two distinct phytoplasmas were identified which showed relationship to the sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma group but may represent a new group or subgroup. In Conyza (syn.: Erigeron) canadensis a phytoplasma of the X-disease group was detected. A strain from Gossypium hirsutum showed the same restriction profiles as the faba bean phyllody phytoplasma. 相似文献