共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
基于主成分和SOM聚类分析的高粱品种萌发期抗旱性鉴定与分类 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
采用人工气候箱内培养皿培养,PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫环境,在萌发期以80、120、150和175 g L–1PEG-6000水溶液处理31个高粱品种,旨在根据高粱品种萌发期对不同干旱胁迫程度的响应,筛选出具有抗旱能力的高粱品种并探讨高粱萌发期抗旱性鉴定的方法。通过主成分分析法(PCA)和神经网络自组织映射(SOM)聚类分析法对各高粱品种进行抗旱性综合分析与评定。PCA结果表明,相对芽长、相对根长和相对萌发抗旱指数载荷量最大,将其作为萌发期高粱抗旱性筛选的主要评价指标,并对31个高粱品种抗旱性排序。通过SOM聚类分析将31个高粱品种按抗旱性强弱分为5类,吉杂305等4个品种为高度抗旱品种,HL5等4个品种为抗旱品种,辽杂10号等8个品种为中等抗旱品种,锦杂103等7个品种为干旱敏感品种,锦杂93等8个品种为高度干旱敏感品种。研究认为,相对芽长、相对根长和相对萌发抗旱指数等可以作为高粱品种抗旱性鉴定的重要指标;SOM聚类分析可作为品种抗旱性分类的重要方法。 相似文献
2.
52份豌豆种质萌发期耐铝毒性的综合评价与筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着土壤酸化的日益加重,铝毒成为影响作物种子萌发质量以及产量的重要胁迫因子之一。本研究采用单项耐铝毒系数(AC值)、综合耐铝毒系数(CAC值)、平均隶属函数值(ASF值)、耐性综合评价值(A值)等指标及相关分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和逐步回归分析等方法,综合评价豌豆种质萌发期铝毒耐性,建立综合筛选评价体系,并筛选萌发期耐铝毒豌豆种质。利用筛选出的适宜浓度40 mg L–1Al3+处理52份豌豆品种(系)种子,结果显示,萌发期8个相关性状在处理组及对照组品种间均存在显著差异,遗传多样性指数分别介于1.43～2.03和1.51～2.06之间。基于AC值聚类分析, 52份豌豆种质可被分为3个耐性级别,其中,第I级含2份,为耐铝毒品种(系);第II级含19份,为敏感品种(系);第III级含31份,为铝毒极敏感性品种(系)。利用豌豆种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、芽长、根长、芽干重、根干重7项指标,结合最优回归方程可初步鉴定豌豆萌发期耐铝毒特性。通过综合评价和聚类分析,筛选出萌发期铝毒耐性极强的种质C175和C145,可作为豌豆铝毒耐性育种和耐性机制研究的重要资源。 相似文献
3.
为鉴定谷子品种（系）的耐盐碱性,以24个谷子品种（系）为试验材料,设置0、40、80、120和160mmol/L5个盐碱梯度,通过对响应盐碱胁迫的8个主要指标进行多重比较、相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数分析、聚类分析、灰色关联度分析及回归分析等了解谷子萌发期对盐碱胁迫的响应并筛选出强耐盐碱性材料。结果表明,耐盐碱性谷子鉴定的最适宜盐碱浓度为80mmol/L。根据综合耐盐碱系数（CDC值）、耐盐碱性度量值（D值）及加权关联度（WDC值）对谷子耐盐碱性进行排序,其中耐盐碱性最强的5个品种（系）为泰谷004、豫谷18、龙谷25、冀谷168和K148。通过聚类分析将供试材料分为4类,分别包含9、10、3和2个品种（系）。灰色关联度及逐步回归分析表明,相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对根长和相对芽长4个指标可以作为谷子品种耐盐碱性鉴定的综合指标。本研究为谷子盐碱机制的深入研究提供理论依据,为耐盐碱新品种的选育提供重要材料基础。 相似文献
4.
甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐苯磺隆种质筛选与综合评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本研究旨在探讨不同基因型甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐除草剂苯磺隆特性, 建立其筛选的评价体系, 选育萌发期耐苯磺隆的甘蓝型油菜品种(系)。采用苯磺隆耐性度量值(T值)、平均隶属函数值(ASF值)、加权耐性系数(WTC值)等指标及相关分析、频数分析、主成分分析、灰色关联度分析、聚类分析和逐步回归分析相结合的方法, 鉴定萌发期耐性。通过11份供试材料相对根长的方差分析, 确定了油菜萌发期耐苯磺隆种质资源筛选及评价研究的最佳苯磺隆浓度为25 mg kg -1。在此浓度胁迫下, 241份甘蓝型油菜的根长、芽长、率、发芽势、鲜重5个指标均存在显著性差异。根据T值的聚类分析, 将供试种质划分为5个苯磺隆耐性级别, 其中I级3份、II级30份、III级198份、IV级6份、V级4份。对苯磺隆耐性较强的甘蓝型油菜品种(系)为希望106、SWU95和WH-33, 可作为甘蓝型油菜苯磺隆耐性育种和耐性机制研究的重要资源。根长、鲜重、发芽率可作为评价油菜种质资源萌发期耐性的指标性状。 相似文献
5.
甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐铝毒特性综合评价及其种质筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
种子萌发是油菜植株形态建成的重要阶段,铝毒是酸性土壤中影响其种子萌发的主要因素之一,因此筛选出种子萌发过程中耐铝毒种质对油菜生产及研究具有重要意义。本研究利用5份甘蓝型油菜品种(系)筛选出油菜萌发期耐铝毒种质资源处理的适宜胁迫浓度为90μg mL~(-1)。并以该浓度处理148份甘蓝型油菜品种(系)种子,于萌发期测定其发芽势、发芽率、鲜重、干重、根长和芽长等指标,通过铝毒胁迫耐性综合评价值(A值)、平均隶属函数值(ASF值)、对铝毒加权耐性系数(WAC值)、相关性、频数、主成分、灰色关联度、聚类和逐步回归分析等鉴定萌发期耐铝性,建立萌发期对铝毒耐性综合评价模型并筛选出适宜的评价鉴定指标。结果表明, 148份甘蓝型油菜的萌发期各指标在品种(系)间存在显著差异;筛选出萌发期耐铝毒甘蓝型油菜品种(系) 01188、WH-20、A109、甲预31棚等。根据灰色关联度及回归分析结果认为,在油菜萌发期测定其根长、芽长、鲜重、发芽率和发芽势,通过回归方程估算其A值,可以初步判断甘蓝型油菜种质的耐铝毒特性。 相似文献
6.
从83份黄淮海地区代表性大豆地方品种和育成品种(系)中按根系类型选取32份,用以研究苗期根系性状的遗传特点、与地上部性状的相关以及与逆境胁迫的关系。大豆苗期一级侧根数、主根长、根干质量、总根长和根体积等性状,在品种间、各苗龄间均存在显著遗传变异;根系性状与整株干质量呈高度相关;根干质量、根总长和根体积的相对值与耐旱平均隶属函数值,一级侧根数、主根长、总根长、根体积、根干质量的相对值与耐铝毒平均隶属函数值呈极显著相关,且根系性状的相对值在品种间存在显著变异,可用做耐逆性选择的根系指标。 相似文献
7.
Kulvir Singh Chathurika Wijewardana Bandara Gajanayake Suresh Lokhande Ted Wallace Don Jones Kambham Raja Reddy 《Euphytica》2018,214(3):57
Development of rapid and inexpensive screening tools for heat and drought stress tolerance is needed and will be helpful in cotton breeding programs and selecting cultivars for a niche environment. In this study, several pollen-based traits at optimum and high temperatures and physiological parameters measured during the boll-filling period were used to evaluate variability among the cultivars for heat and drought stresses. Principal component analysis and drought stress response index methods were used to categorize cotton cultivars into three heat and drought tolerant clusters. Based on the combined analysis, PX532211WRF has been identified as heat- and drought-tolerant, and would be expected to perform better under both heat- and drought-stressed environments. A poor correlation between reproductive and physiological indices indicates that screening breeders have to use different traits to screen cultivars for reproductive and vegetative tolerance. Identified traits could serve as valuable screening tools in cotton breeding programs aimed at developing genotypes to a changing climate. Moreover, cultivar-dependent relative scores will aid in the identification of cultivars best suited to niche environments to alleviate the influences of abiotic stresses at both vegetative and reproductive stages. 相似文献
8.
CHEN Er-Ying WANG Run-Feng QIN Ling YANG Yan-Bing LI Fei-Fei ZHANG Hua-Wen WANG Hai-Lian LIU Bin KONG Qing-Hua GUAN Yan-An 《作物学报》2020,46(10):1591-1604
以全国主推的53个谷子品种为材料,在100 mmol L~(-1)混合盐碱(NaCl∶NaHCO_3=4∶1)胁迫下研究了不同谷子品种的耐盐碱性。结果表明,在盐碱胁迫下, 53个谷子品种的发芽势、发芽率、根长、芽长、根鲜重和芽鲜重均受到不同程度的抑制,以对根长的影响最大;相对发芽势与相对发芽率、相对根长与相对芽长及相对根鲜重与相对芽鲜重均呈显著或极显著正相关。通过主成分分析将14个单项性状指标转化为4个主成分,累积贡献率为90.4%;以4个主成分的得分值通过隶属函数分析获得不同品种耐盐碱的综合得分值,并通过聚类分析将53个谷子品种划分为6种耐盐碱类型,其中强耐盐碱品种2个,耐盐碱品种16个,中间型品种17个,盐碱敏感品种6个,不耐盐碱品种9个和极不耐盐碱的品种3个。同时利用回归分析建立了可用于评价谷子耐盐碱性的回归方程D'=0.298+0.037X_2+0.144X_3+0.018X_6+0.209X_7-0.183X_9+0.115X_(11)-0.201X_(12)+0.112X_(13)-0.101X_(14)+0.284X_(15),相对发芽率、根长盐害率、芽长盐害率和根冠比盐害率可以作为谷子耐盐碱性的评价指标。 相似文献
9.
10.
Hanen Sbei Kazuhiro Sato Tariq Shehzad Moncef Harrabi Kazutoshi Okuno 《Breeding Science》2014,64(4):378-388
Two hundred ninety-six Asian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions were assessed to detect QTLs underlying salt tolerance by association analysis using a 384 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker system. The experiment was laid out at the seedling stage in a hydroponic solution under control and 250 mM NaCl solution with three replications of four plants each. Salt tolerance was assessed by leaf injury score (LIS) and salt tolerance indices (STIs) of the number of leaves (NL), shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot dry weight (SDW) and root dry weight (RDW). LIS was scored from 1 to 5 according to the severity of necrosis and chlorosis observed on leaves. There was a wide variation in salt tolerance among Asian barley accessions. LIS and STI (SDW) were the most suitable traits for screening salt tolerance. Association was estimated between markers and traits to detect QTLs for LIS and STI (SDW). Seven significant QTLs were located on chromosomes 1H (2 QTLs), 2H (2 QTLs), 3H (1 QTL), 4H (1 QTL) and 5H (1 QTL). Five QTLs were associated with LIS and 2 QTLs with STI (SDW). Two QTLs associated with LIS were newly identified on chromosomes 3H and 4H. 相似文献
11.
水稻耐低磷种质的苗期筛选与鉴定 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
从以成恢448为轮回亲本，M401为供体亲本构建的回交后代BC1F6筛选出的耐低磷材料（GP9）和低磷敏感材料（GP14）及其亲本用于盆栽试验，设置P2（2.31 mg/kg）、P30（30 mg/kg）和P80（80 mg/kg）3个磷处理水平，以P80处理为对照计算性状相对值，研究不同磷处理浓度对供试材料6个生物学性状的影响。结果表明，P2处理较P30处理更能反映不同材料性状相对值间的差异，宜用于苗期耐低磷筛选。P2处理时，GP9与GP14及其亲本播种后52 d、59 d和66 d的相对分蘖数差异均达极显著水平，建议采用相对分蘖数作为水稻苗期耐低磷筛选的主要鉴别指标。同时，运用相对叶面积、相对绿叶数和相对叶龄进行综合评定。 相似文献
12.
WANG Rui-Li WANG Liu-Yan YE Sang Gao Huan-Huan LEI Wei WU Jia-Yi YUAN Fang MENG Li-Jiao TANG Zhang-Lin LI Jia-Na ZHOU Qing-Yuan CUI Cui 《作物学报》2020,46(6):832-843
随着土壤酸化的日益加重,铝毒已成为影响作物种子萌发质量以及作物产量的重要胁迫因子之一。作物耐铝相关性状的QTL定位和候选基因筛选已有许多报道,但铝胁迫下甘蓝型油菜萌发期相关性状的QTL定位报道较少。本文以80μg mL?1的铝胁迫浓度处理重组自交系(10D130×中双11号)群体进行种子萌发试验,处理3 d时调查发芽势, 7 d时调查发芽率,测定其根长、芽长和干重,并计算各性状相对值。基于6K SNP芯片,结合高密度遗传连锁图谱对油菜萌发期的5个性状进行QTL定位,共检测到23个QTL。其中与相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对根长、相对芽长和相对干重相关的QTL分别有9个、1个、4个、5个和4个,覆盖了A、C基因组, LOD值介于3.00～5.26,可解释的表型变异为7.70%～13.10%。根据各QTL置信区间序列筛选,与铝胁迫相关的候选基因共30个。ALMT1基因和MATE基因与有机酸的合成和分泌有关,主要通过苹果酸、柠檬酸和草酸等有机酸的分泌来增强植物的耐铝性;STOP1基因、NAC基因和RAP2.4基因均属于转录激活因子,通过诱导耐铝基因的表达增强植株的抗性; ABC转运蛋白、膜蛋白转运体、GDSL脂肪酶通过减少有毒物质在质膜上的积累或将有毒物质排出体外等途径增强植物的耐铝性;过氧化物酶和细胞色素P450均属于氧化胁迫相关基因,具有防止植物细胞氧化损伤、抵御逆境胁迫的功能;另外,还有部分编码逆境蛋白的基因,均在各种胁迫反应中起重要作用。本研究的结果将为培育耐铝油菜品种及后续基因的功能研究提供理论依据。 相似文献
13.
The objective of this study was to quantify the genetic variability and determine the inheritance of Al tolerance in lucerne
(or alfalfa) using a 4-parent diallel mating design. Regrowth root length (RRL), along with root length (RL) and total root
length (TRL), was measured to indicate relative Al stress response using a hydroponic system in a 3 μM Al solution at pH 4.5. A diallel analysis indicated the significance of general combining ability (gca) variance for RRL but not the specific combining ability (sca) variance; the same result was obtained for TRL but not for RL. For both RRL and TRL, genetic variance appeared to be more
important than the environmental variance. For RRL, a strong but non-significant correlation was indicated between parental
performance and their gca effects; while mid-parent heterosis and/or over-dominance were detected, as associated with the expressed sca effects in several combinations. These results suggest the complex genetic nature and expression of Al tolerance in the 4-parent
diallel crossing system tested. Al-tolerant parent, GAAT‘S’, was the most promising parent, conferring the highest gca effects for RRL as well as for other two characters. The existence of significant gca variance in RRL may also suggest the feasibility of improving Al tolerance through enhanced root regrowth using phenotypic
recurrent mass selection to pyramid desirable Al-tolerant genes, focussing on parental lines and/or elite individual plants
expressing long regrowth roots. 相似文献
14.
Comparative analyses of genetic variability of aluminium tolerance response were made in a range of triticale genotypes of
two sets, one consisting of six Australian cultivars (or lines), the other consisting of eight South African lines and an
Australian check, by following solution culture and screening under controlled growth cabinet conditions. Results showed that
Tahara, Tahara ‘S’ and Abacus were the most Al-tolerant triticales among the Australian genotypes in terms of root regrowth
characteristics at 10 μg.g-1 Al. The 19th ITSN 70-4, along with the standard cultivar Tahara was superior to all other South African genotypes; the eight
South African genotypes spanned the range from Al-tolerant, moderately Al-tolerant to Al-sensitive. Regrown root length and
percentage of seedlings with root regrowth were the two key indicators for screening and evaluating Al tolerance response.
Considerable genetic variability of tolerance to Al stress among the two sets of tested genotypes was revealed by the estimates
of genetic parameters. High heritability values were recorded for those two indicators, with associated high levels of relative
genetic advance (RGA). Further improvement of varietal tolerance to Al stress in triticale could be anticipated through selection
and breeding.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
Nicotiana glauca, a wild relative of Nicotiana tabacum, is an attractive potential source of black root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola)‐resistant germplasm. Moreover, it shows a resistance or tolerance to PVY, TEV, anthracnose and powdery mildew. In this study its potential as a source of resistance to black root rot caused by Th. basicola was investigated. Nicotiana glauca GG (2n = 2x = 24) was crossed as male with two N. tabacum TT (2n = 4x = 48) flue‐cured cultivars: ‘BY103’ and ‘K 326’, both of which are susceptible to black root rot. Amphihaploid F1 TG (2n = 3x = 36), amphidiploid TTGG (2n = 6x = 72) and sesquidiploid TTG (2n = 5x = 60) hybrids were obtained. The resultant sesquidiploid hybrids were used as maternal components in backcrossing to N. tabacum and a segregating post‐sesquidiploid TTg (2n = 5x = 52–54) offspring was obtained. Amphihaploids exhibited a level of resistance to black root rot characteristic of N. glauca. The expression of resistance varied in the sesquidiploid generation, possibly reflecting cytological instabilities in that progeny. A wide variation in response to black root rot was found for post‐sesquidiploids a clear reflection of extensive chromosome segregation in that hybrid generation. 相似文献
16.
为了研究不同小麦品种萌发期的耐盐性,为小麦萌发期耐盐性鉴定提供快速、准确的鉴定方法和理论依据。本研究以40个冬小麦品种为试验材料,通过主成分分析法(PCA)与神经网络自组织映射(SOM)聚类分析法,研究盐胁迫对40个小麦品种萌发期各项形态指标的影响。主成分分析法结果表明,发芽势、发芽率、最长根长、第一片叶长及胚芽鞘长在PCA下载荷量最大;根据SOM聚类分析结果,‘德抗961’等4个小麦品种属于高度耐盐品种,‘济麦22’等14个小麦品种属于耐盐性品种,‘济麦20’等16个品种属于中等耐盐性品种,‘鲁麦21’等6个小麦品种属于盐敏感性品种。发芽势、发芽率、最长根长、第一片叶长、胚芽鞘长能够作为萌发期小麦耐盐性筛选的主要评价指标,并且结合主成分、SOM聚类分析方法进行小麦萌发期耐盐性鉴定更为科学、方便。 相似文献
17.
18.
Rapid Screening for Aluminum Tolerance in Cereals by Use of the Chlorophyll Fluorescence Test 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The effects of aluminum on the photosynthetic apparatus were examined in cereals grown in nutrient solutions (pH 4.5) at two Al levels (0 and 148 μM). The chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics results confirmed that the soft wheat ‘BHG’ cultivar has the potential for growth on acid soils while triticale cultivars ‘Niovi’ and ‘Dada’ appeared to be relatively tolerant. The percentage decrease in Fv/Fm of the less tolerant cultivars after Al-treatment indicated a decrease in the efficiency of the primary photochemistry of PS II, while the decrease in the ratio FV/Fosuggested that exposure of the cultivars ‘Dio’ and ‘Appulo E’ to aluminum caused injury to the thylakoid structure. The percentage fluctuations of the ratio Fv/Fmwere shown to correlate very closely with the assessment of injury as evaluated by the relative top fresh weight. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo could be used to monitor injury caused by “Al-stress”, and thus they may serve as a rapid screening test for Al tolerance. 相似文献
19.
中国高粱地方种质芽期苗期耐盐性筛选及鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
日益严重的土壤盐渍化对现代农业生产造成了巨大的危害。高粱既是世界五大粮食作物之一,又是耐盐性很强的抗逆作物。开展高粱耐盐性研究、筛选出一批综合耐盐能力优良的高粱品种对开发利用盐渍化土地、增加粮食产量和维持农业可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究对110份中国高粱地方品种分别进行了芽期200 mmol L~(-1)和苗期100 mmol L~(-1)的NaCl胁迫试验,测定芽期发芽势、发芽率以及苗期的相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)、苗长、根长、苗鲜重、根鲜重、苗干重、根干重等指标。计算芽期、苗期盐胁迫下性状值占对照性状值的百分比表明,参试品种芽期相对发芽势、相对发芽率范围分别为0～98.89%、23.65%～101.79%,盐胁迫下相对发芽势变化差异显著。苗期相对叶绿素含量、相对苗长、相对根长、相对苗鲜重、相对苗干重、相对根鲜重、相对根干重变化范围分别为59.53%～99.91%、52.47%～95.23%、47.87%～100.14%、27.43%～95.28%、30.48%～98.26%、21.62%～100.34%、31.46%～102.13%。采用隶属函数值分析和主成分分析2种方法结合聚类分析对参试高粱芽期和苗期的耐盐能力综合评定,鉴定出芽期高度耐盐材料22份,耐盐材料32份;苗期高度耐盐材料37份,耐盐材料41份;其中,来自内蒙古的朝阳棒槌(00003011)和来自北京的白鞑子帽(00001081)等10个品种在芽期和苗期均表现高度耐盐,可作为后续全生育期耐盐鉴定和耐盐育种的优异资源。对芽期隶属函数值排名以及苗期F值排名结果进行相关性分析表明,芽期与苗期耐盐性没有显著相关性;主成分分析结果表明,反映生物量的指标如苗干重、根鲜重可作为苗期大量材料耐盐鉴定的评价指标。 相似文献
20.
盐胁迫对苜蓿种子发芽性状的影响及其耐盐性评价 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为了阐明盐胁迫条件下紫花苜蓿种子的发芽性状表现和种子萌发期耐盐性能强弱,同时为改良盐碱化土壤提供更加耐盐碱的植物品种,提高盐碱化土地资源利用率,本试验以5个苜蓿(Medicago sativa)品种为材料,采用不同浓度NaCl处理(0、0.4%、0.8%、1.2%),研究了不同盐浓度对苜蓿种子发芽率、发芽势、苗高、根长的影响。结果表明,盐胁迫对苜蓿种子发芽性状均有较大影响,随着NaCl浓度的提高,苜蓿种子发芽率和发芽势降低,苗长和根长明显缩短,而且,高质量浓度盐胁迫对苜蓿种子发芽性状的影响尤为显著。不同苜蓿品种在不同盐浓度间的差异显著;品种间各指标的表现不尽相同,发芽势与发芽率指标在品种间的差异显著,苗高和幼根长指标在品种间的差异不显著。综合单项指标耐盐系数和品种综合耐盐指数来看,5个苜蓿品种的耐盐性能强弱顺序为‘Magnum salt’>‘中苜1号’>‘维多利亚’>‘巨人201T’>‘皇冠’。 相似文献