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1.
干湿循环对崩岗土体稳定性的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过对湖北通城花岗岩崩岗区发育典型的各层次土体(淋溶层、淀积层、过渡层、母质层)进行干湿循环试验,分析干湿交替次数对各层次土体裂隙发育、崩解性、抗剪强度的影响。结果表明,在干湿循环影响下,土体产生并逐渐发育裂隙,在第2次循环后,土体产生主要裂隙,裂隙比显著增加,此后循环发育出细小裂隙。4次循环后4个层次土体的裂隙比表现为淀积层淋溶层过渡层母质层。随着干湿循环次数的增加,裂隙发育,各层次土体崩解性不断增强,淋溶层和淀积层崩解缓慢,而过渡层和母质层能够在极短时间内完全崩解;随着干湿循环次数的增加,土体的抗剪强度不断衰减,淋溶层和淀积层衰减幅度减小,过渡层和母质层衰减幅度增大。 相似文献
2.
鄂东南花岗岩崩岗剖面土壤液塑限特征及影响因子分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
崩岗是鄂东南花岗岩地区普遍存在的土壤侵蚀现象,给农业生态与经济发展带来了严重影响.研究崩岗剖面土壤液塑限特征不仅有利于崩岗侵蚀机理的研究,也为崩岗水土流失的防治改良提供理论依据.以通城县五里镇典型的花岗岩崩岗剖面为对象,通过室外采样结合室内液塑限联合测定实验,以及土壤理化性质测定,分析花岗岩崩岗剖面土壤液塑限规律及其影响因子,并探讨其与崩岗发育的关系.结果表明:花岗岩崩岗不同层次间的土壤液塑限差异显著,淋溶层和淀积层的液限值均大于50％,塑限值为30％左右,显著高于母质层;土壤液塑限值受黏粒质量分数、有机质质量分数、容重、游离氧化铁质量分数等影响,并随各因子的增大而增大,均呈正相关关系;其中,黏粒质量分数、游离氧化铁质量分数对土壤液塑限的影响更加显著(R2=0.860“,R2=0.908”).花岗岩崩岗土壤液塑限过渡层、母质层相对较低,在遇到降雨冲刷时,土体状态极易发生改变,易发生水土流失.利用土壤基本理化性质,可以对土壤液塑限进行预测,并为加强崩岗侵蚀机理研究及其治理提供依据. 相似文献
3.
土壤的抗蚀性即土壤抵抗外力对其破坏和搬运的能力,土壤抗蚀性越强,受到的侵蚀破坏就越少。本文通过对通城崩岗区花岗岩发育的淋溶层、淀积层、母质层进行多次人工模拟降雨试验,在一定雨强、坡度的条件下,收集径流、泥沙来研究崩岗区花岗岩发育的不同土层的抗蚀性。结果表明:崩岗区花岗岩发育的淋溶层、淀积层、母质层的抗蚀性有显著差异,各土层的入渗率呈现稳定差异,淀积层的稳定入渗率是淋溶层的1.25倍,母质层的2.27倍;且输沙率差异明显,母质层的平均输沙率是淀积层的1.79倍,淋溶层的3.11倍。结合3层土理化性质和土壤粒径分析可知,母质层的抗蚀性最弱,淀积层次之,淋溶层最强,其中决定3层土抗蚀性大小的主要因素是土层中小颗粒含量和颗粒间的粘结能力。 相似文献
4.
花岗岩崩岗区土壤可蚀性因子估算及其空间变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土壤可蚀性K值是土壤侵蚀模型的必要参数,研究花岗岩崩岗区土壤可蚀性K值有助于宏观判断和定量分析崩岗区土壤侵蚀的空间变化特征.采集湖北通城花岗岩典型崩岗淋溶层、淀积层、母质层土壤,运用5种土壤可蚀性K值估算方法分析各层土壤可蚀性差异,通过室内人工模拟降雨实验验证花岗岩风化土可蚀性K值的有效性及5种估算方法的灵敏度.结果表明:花岗岩风化土的各层土壤可蚀性差异显著,母质层平均K值最大,是淋溶层的1.20倍,淀积层的1.03倍,且各层土壤的稳定含沙率和各粒径流失量差异显著;诺莫法估算的各层土壤的可蚀性K值与40 min每层土的稳定含沙率之比最接近,诺莫法估算各层土壤可蚀性K值的灵敏度最高,为修正诺莫的1.5倍,EPIC模型法的6倍.因此,针对南方花岗岩风化土可采用诺莫法准确评价土壤可蚀性K值.通过估算崩岗不同层次土壤的可蚀性K值及其空间变化特征,对针对性地研究崩岗形成机制及其治理具有一定指导意义. 相似文献
5.
鄂东南花岗岩崩岗岩土抗剪强度与含水量的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
崩岗是我国南方特殊的一种土壤侵蚀现象,其形成主要是由于岩土稳定性降低所致;土壤抗剪强度是表征崩岗岩土稳定性的重要指标,而土壤含水量是影响抗剪强度的关键因子.以通城县2处崩岗为研究对象,采集淋溶层(A)、淀积层(B)、过渡层(BC)和母质层(C)原状土样,通过室内直剪试验,研究崩岗岩土不同层次抗剪强度与含水量的关系及变化规律.结果表明:A层抗剪强度随含水量增加呈现先增大后下降趋势,其余各土层抗剪强度整体上随含水量增加呈现而下降,B层抗剪强度较大,C层抗剪强度最小,且B层抗剪强度受含水量影响最大;土壤黏聚力变化幅度较大,A层随含水量增加先增大后减小,其余各层均随含水量增加而减小,B层黏聚力在4个层次中最大,同时其衰减幅度也较大,C层因黏粒质量分数低、缺少胶结物质而黏聚力极低;土壤内摩擦角4个土壤层次均随含水量增加而减小.研究结果可为崩岗侵蚀机理研究以及进一步防治崩岗侵蚀提供理论依据. 相似文献
6.
人工模拟降雨下花岗岩崩岗区不同层次土体产流产沙特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取湖北通城县五里镇发育典型的崩岗作为研究对象,利用室内人工模拟降雨试验,分析花岗岩崩岗区各层次土体的产流产沙状况和泥沙各粒径流失规律。结果表明,各层次土体入渗率和累积入渗量在整个降雨时段内差异显著。随着降雨时间的延长,各层次土体入渗率均表现出先快速减小后逐渐趋于稳定,累积入渗量则相差越来越大;淀积层的稳定入渗率最大为328.75ml/min,是淋溶层的1.13倍,母质层的1.76倍;Horton模型能对各层次土体入渗率很好的拟合(R20.922),且拟合结果证实了模拟降雨条件下各层次土体入渗速率随时间变化规律。各层次土体产沙率和累积产沙量在整个降雨时段内差异显著。母质层平均产沙率为40.43g/(L·min),是淀积层的1.79倍,淋溶层的3.11倍;淀积层的累积产沙量增加较快,淋溶层的累积产沙量增长缓慢,母质层的累积产沙量在整个降雨时段内不断增加且远大于淋溶层和淀积层的累积产沙量。各层次土体0.2mm粒径的流失量最多,0.2~1mm粒径次之,1~2mm粒径和2mm粒径流失量最小;随着降雨时间的延长,淋溶层各粒径流失量均逐渐减小,淀积层各粒径流失量逐渐增多,母质层各粒径流失量逐渐趋于稳定。该研究对揭示崩岗区各层次土体侵蚀的产流产沙机理及侵蚀规律的研究具有重要的理论和实践意义,为崩岗水蚀过程物理模型的建立奠定基础。 相似文献
7.
初始含水率对崩岗土体抗拉特性的影响 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
针对花岗岩发育的崩岗土体崩壁失稳等问题,通过单轴抗拉试验,研究了湖北通城地区不同初始含水率的崩岗土体抗拉强度特性。结果表明:初始含水率对崩岗土壤抗拉强度影响明显。土壤抗拉强度特征曲线为单峰型,表土层、红土层和红砂过渡层抗拉特征曲线在含水率W_C(24.4%)附近出现抗拉强度峰值,而砂土层在W_C(25.8%)出现抗拉强度峰值。崩岗不同层次土壤轴向拉伸长和径向收缩长随初始含水率呈现正相关关系,且土壤轴向拉伸率和径向收缩率与初始含水率拟合出相关系数较高的线性函数关系(除砂土层的径向收缩率与初始含水率呈指数函数关系)。低(18%～22%)、中(22%～30%)、高(30%～饱和)3种初始含水率区间下崩岗土壤持水机制分别为土壤毛细管持水机制、团粒水桥联结持水机制与团粒持水机制。研究结果可为崩岗科学防治提供一定的科学依据。 相似文献
8.
崩岗侵蚀区土壤物理性质分层差异及其对崩岗发育的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国水土保持》2015,(12)
崩岗是我国南方红壤区最严重的土壤侵蚀类型之一。采集赣州市典型的花岗岩和红砂岩崩岗地区土壤样品,测试分析其红土层和母质层的黏聚力、内摩擦角和液塑性指标,结果表明:花岗岩崩岗地区母质层的抗剪强度显著低于红土层,而两者的液塑性指标值没有显著差异,说明母质层抗剪强度低是导致花岗岩地区崩岗发育的诱因;红砂岩地区红土层抗剪强度稍高于母质层,但两者间没有显著性差异,而红土层土壤液塑性指标值要显著高于母质层,说明母质层的低液塑性有利于红砂岩地区崩岗侵蚀的发育。花岗岩和红砂岩崩岗地区红土层的破坏容易诱发崩岗,因此保护红土层是预防崩岗侵蚀的关键。 相似文献
9.
基于分形理论模拟花岗岩崩岗剖面土壤水分特征曲线 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
崩岗是我国南方花岗岩地区特殊的土壤侵蚀现象,给山区经济造成了严重的影响.为了探索南方花岗岩地区崩岗侵蚀剖面的水分特性,明确水分与崩岗发育的关系,本研究采用野外调查采样与室内分析的方法,运用土壤粒径分形理论,并结合Brooks and Corey模型,模拟花岗岩崩岗剖面土壤水分特征曲线.选择通城县花岗岩崩岗剖面5个层次(表土层、红土层、过渡层、砂土层和碎屑层)采集土样,通过对土壤粒径分布和土壤含水量的测定,分析分形维数与土壤粒径之间的关系.同时,应用土壤粒径分形理论,模拟土壤水分特征曲线,基于估算结果与实测结果的比较,探讨分形方法估算土壤水分特征曲线的可行性.结果表明:崩岗剖面土壤黏粒质量分数越大,土壤粒径分维值越大;土壤粒径分维值越大,土壤水分特征曲线的分维值则越大,两者之间线性关系较好;运用分形理论,模拟土壤水分特征曲线的预测值与实测值具有良好的一致性,模拟结果的精度随土层的深度增加而增加,模拟效果以土壤黏粒和粉粒质量分数较少、砂粒质量分数较多的土壤效果较好.研究结果为花岗岩崩岗机理的探索奠定了基础,对崩岗水分的研究具有指导意义. 相似文献
10.
云雾山自然保护区土壤发生特性与系统分类研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对黄土丘陵区典型草原带宁夏云雾山自然保护区不同演替阶段植被下土壤的发生特性及系统分类进行了研究。结果表明:保护区内土壤保持有完整的发生层次,有明显的A层、过渡层(AB)、淀积层(B)与母质层(C);土壤颜色、结构和养分在剖面层次上明显差异;土壤有机质含量较高,最高可达到31.5g kg-1;土壤碳酸钙有明显的淋溶淀积,在剖面中下部形成淀积层;颗粒组成以0.05-0.01mm粒级的细砂粒为主,其次为<0.002mm的粘粒;土体矿质全量中,S iO2占绝对优势,A l2O3次之,化学元素的含量顺序依次为S i A l>Ca>Fe>K≈Mg>Ti>Mn。土壤发育处于物理风化为主阶段,化学风化较为微弱,矿质元素的移动不明显。供试土壤共分属2个土纲,2个亚纲,3个土类和3个亚类,其中YW-2、4属于钙积暗厚干润均腐土,YW-3、5属于普通简育干润雏形土,YW-6属于钙积暗沃干润雏形土。 相似文献
11.
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
13.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
14.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
15.
Grete Skrede Berit Karoline Martinsen Anne-Berit Wold Stein-Erik Birkeland Kjersti Aaby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):193-208
Abstract A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species. 相似文献
16.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):865-877
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils. 相似文献
17.
Electron donor and pH relationships for biologically enhanced dissolution of chlorinated solvent DNAPL in groundwater 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Biologically enhanced dissolution offers a method to speed removal of chlorinated solvent dense non-aqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) sources such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichoroethene (TCE) from aquifers. Bioremediation is accomplished by adding an electron donor to the source zone where fermentation to intermediates leading to acetic acid and hydrogen results. The hydrogen and possibly acetic acid are used by dehalogenating bacteria to convert PCE and TCE to ethene and hydrochloric acid. Reductive dehalogenation is thus an acid forming process, and sufficient alkalinity must be present to maintain a near neutral pH. The bicarbonate alkalinity required to maintain pH above 6.5 is a function of the electron donor: 800 mg/L of bicarbonate alkalinity is sufficient to achieve about 1.2 mM TCE dechlorination with glucose, 1.7 mM with lactate, and a much higher 3.3 mM with formate. Laboratory studies indicate that in mixed culture, formate can be used as an electron donor for complete conversion to ethene, contrary to pure cultures studies indicating it cannot. Various strategies can be used to add electron donor to an aquifer for DNAPL dehalogenation while minimizing pH problems and excessive electron donor usage, including use of injection-extraction wells, dual recirculation wells, and nested injection-extraction wells. 相似文献
18.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
19.
Y. Bashan J. J. Bustillos L. A. Leyva J.-P. Hernandez M. Bacilio 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,42(4):279-285
Inoculation of wheat seedlings with the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Cd was immobilized in alginate microbeads and, without applying any stress, significantly increased the quantity of several
photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the auxiliary photoprotective pigments violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, antheroxanthin, lutein, neoxanthin, and β-carotene.
This resulted in greener plants with no apparent visible stress. After monitoring the quantity of photosynthetic pigments
for 4 weeks, we observed that inoculated plants had higher quantities of pigments in shoot and stem. The greatest difference
in the quantity of all pigments between inoculated and noninoculated plants occurred in the first week of growth. Regardless
of treatment, the quantity of pigments in stems was three to four times less than the quantity of these pigments in shoots.
Application of Azospirillum, either as liquid inoculant or as alginate microbeads, did not alter the positive effect of the bacteria on pigment production
or the positive response of the plants towards A. brasilense Cd inoculation. 相似文献
20.
Three slow-growing legume trees used for desert reforestation and urban gardening in the Sonoran Desert of Northwestern Mexico
and the Southwestern USA were evaluated whether their growth can be promoted by inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria
(Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus pumilus), unidentified arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (mainly Glomus sp.), and supplementation with common compost under regular screenhouse cultivation common to these trees in nurseries. Mesquite
amargo (Prosopis articulata) and yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla) had different positive responses to several of the parameters tested while blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida) did not respond. Survival of all tree species was over 80% and survival of mesquite was almost 100% after 10 months of cultivation.
Inoculation with growth-promoting microorganisms induced significant effects on the leaf gas exchange of these trees, measured
as transpiration and diffusive resistance, when these trees were cultivated without water restrictions. 相似文献