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Linkage of the gene for the scrapie-associated fibril protein (PrP) to the Sip gene in Cheviot sheep 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The gene Sip with two alleles, sA and pA, is the major gene determining the incubation period of scrapie in its natural host, sheep. Two lines of Cheviot sheep have been bred which differ in their response to experimental infection with SSBP/1 scrapie. The negative line have a decreased incidence of disease caused by SSBP/1 and are SippApA. The positive line have an increased incidence of disease and the majority are either SipsAsA or SipsApA; it is not possible to distinguish between the two genotypes on the basis of scrapie incubation time because the sA allele is fully dominant with SSBP/1 scrapie. There are also rare SippApA segregants in the positive line. The major protein (PrP) of scrapie-associated fibrils is encoded by a cellular gene and a cDNA copy of the hamster PrP mRNA has been used to analyse the restriction fragment length polymorphism of the two lines of Cheviot sheep. Two polymorphisms of the sheep PrP gene were found, by using HindIII and EcoRI, which appear to act as markers for the alleles of Sip. Using these polymorphisms it is now possible to assign a Sip genotype to the sheep in the Cheviot flock. Preliminary results from Anglo-Nubian goats and a cow are also reported. 相似文献
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One hundred and sixty-seven sheep of 32 breeds and crossbreeds affected by natural scrapie throughout Britain were tested for the presence of restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the PrP gene observed when their DNA was digested with EcoRI or HindIII. These polymorphisms have already been associated with different susceptibilities to experimental scrapie (controlled by alleles of the Sip gene) in a flock of Cheviot sheep. In two studies 86 to 92 per cent of the sheep were found to carry the PrP gene EcoRI fragment e1 which is associated with high susceptibility (or the sA allele of Sip) to experimental scrapie. The PrP gene HindIII genotypes of the natural scrapie sheep were not apparently associated with differences in susceptibility to scrapie. There was no link between the polymorphisms and the age or breed of the affected sheep. 相似文献
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A Maciulis N Hunter S Wang W Goldmann J Hope W C Foote 《American journal of veterinary research》1992,53(10):1957-1960
The duration of the incubation period for scrapie, a fatal transmissible neurodegenerative disorder of sheep and goats, is mainly determined by the Sip gene, which has 2 alleles (sA--susceptible and pA--resistant). A diagnostic test is not available to detect scrapie in live animals. We analyzed genomic DNA extracted from frozen sheep brains collected from Cheviot sheep of the United States that had been inoculated with the SSBP/1 scrapie inoculum. Digestion of the DNA with EcoRI or HindIII followed by the addition of a scrapie-associated fibril protein (PrP)-specific marker probe, yielded fragments of 6.8 (e1) and 4.0 (e3) kb, or 5.0 (h1) and 3.4 (h2) kb, respectively. Fragments e1 and h2 were associated with the histopathologic diagnosis of scrapie, and fragments e3 and h1 were associated with survival. A valine/alanine polymorphism within the PrP coding region that resulted in a BspHI site was further used to determine the genotype of these Cheviot sheep. Digestion of polymerase chain reaction fragments with BspHI resulted in an undigested fragment b- (0.840 kb), digested fragments b+ (0.460 and 0.380 kb), or both types of fragments. Survival time of b+/b+ homozygous sheep was significantly (P < 0.01) shorter (218 +/- 26.0 days) than survival time for b-/b- sheep (> 700 days after inoculation). Results indicated that b+ and b- are markers for the Sip sA and pA alleles, respectively. The intermediate duration of the incubation period for heterozygous sheep (b+/b-; 342.9 +/- 25.3 days) indicated that the Sip sA allele is expressed codominantly to the Sip pA allele. 相似文献
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【目的】 鉴定绵羊趋化因子C-C基序配体19(C-C motif chemokine ligand 19,CCL19)基因启动子的核心启动子区域和关键转录因子,探究该基因在转录调控方面的作用机制。【方法】 选取绵羊CCL19基因5'-侧翼序列1 000 bp,PCR扩增启动子的7个不同长度的截短片段,并连接至pGL3-Basic质粒;将重组质粒与pRL-TK质粒共转染到293T细胞中,结合双荧光素酶报告基因检测系统分析不同截短片段的相对荧光活性。利用在线预测软件分析和筛选CCL19基因核心启动子区域内的转录因子结合位点。采用定点突变技术构建转录因子结合位点缺失的荧光素酶报告载体,与pRL-TK质粒共转染到293T细胞,分析转录因子结合位点缺失质粒的相对荧光活性。【结果】 成功构建了7个不同长度(pGL3-P、pGL3-P1、pGL3-P2、pGL3-P3、pGL3-P4、pGL3-P5及pGL3-P6)的CCL19基因启动子片段的荧光素酶报告载体;采用双荧光素酶报告基因检测系统鉴定出转录起始位点上游－256/－186 bp为CCL19基因启动子核心启动子区域,表明该区域对CCL19基因转录调控有重要作用。生物信息学分析预测到该区域存在POU5F1(-201/-189 bp)、ZBTB26(-228/-217 bp)、FOXI1(-239/-228 bp)、GLI2(-255/-243 bp)和SP2(-219/-211 bp) 5个转录因子的结合位点,并成功构建了转录因子结合位点缺失的荧光素酶报告载体。双荧光素酶报告基因检测系统分析显示,POU5F1转录因子的结合位点缺失后绵羊CCL19基因转录活性极显著降低(P<0.01),FOXI1、ZBTB26、SP2转录因子结合位点缺失后绵羊CCL19基因转录活性均极显著升高(P<0.01)。【结论】 试验成功构建CCL19基因启动子荧光素酶报告载体,确定CCL19基因启动子的核心启动子区域为转录起始位点上游－256/－186 bp,并鉴定出转录因子POU5F1结合位点可能是CCL19基因转录的重要调控位点,为下一步研究绵羊CCL19基因在先天性免疫、适应性免疫和淋巴细胞迁移等方面的功能提供理论基础。 相似文献
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旨在了解分化群α基因可能的调控序列及其转录调控机制。本研究利用基因组步移技术扩增鸭CD8α基因的启动子区序列,使用在线软件进行序列分析;分别将鸭肝炎易感组和抗性组的CD8α基因启动子区定向亚克隆至荧光素酶表达载体pGL3-Basic中,利用酶切与测序技术进行鉴定;并瞬时转染细胞,采用荧光素酶报告基因系统检测启动子载体的活性。结果,扩增出一条长度为2 480bp的片段(包含第一外显子56bp,启动子区2 424bp)。经序列分析,鸭CD8α基因启动子区具有典型的TATA-box、GC-box和CAAT-box,其转录起始位点位于翻译起始密码子ATG上游-406bp处,且发现了CdxA、Nkx-2、GATA-1、SRY等41个潜在转录因子结合位点。经酶切与测序鉴定,成功构建了鸭CD8α基因荧光素酶报告基因重组体。荧光素酶报告基因检测系统显示,构建的鸭肝炎易感组和抗性组的报告基因启动子载体具有相当的活性。研究结果为进一步探讨CD8α基因的转录调控奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Allelic polymorphism in the ovine DQA1 gene 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Variation in the ovine DQA1 gene was investigated by amplification of exon 2 using PCR, followed by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, cloning, and DNA sequencing. Fourteen novel SSCP patterns, representing 14 different sequences, were identified. Eight of these 14 sequences were identical to published DQA1 sequences from sheep, whereas the remaining six were novel but similar to the published DQA1 sequences from sheep and cattle. These six new sequences exhibited conserved region and variable region patterns similar to the published sheep DQA1 sequences, but were different than the published DQA2 sequences from sheep. All of these 14 putative sheep DQA1 sequences fulfilled the criteria used by the established bovine leukocyte antigens major histocompatibility complex nomenclature committee for assignment as new alleles. Comparison of the available DQA1 sequences from sheep and cattle revealed several clusters of ovine DQA1 sequences, and some sheep alleles were more similar to cattle alleles than other sheep alleles. The occurrence of trans-species polymorphism suggests the action of balancing selection at the DQA1 locus. Twenty-four percent of the nucleotide positions showed variation within exon 2, and this variation seems to have arisen largely by point mutation and gene conversion. The nonsynonymous and synonymous substitution rates were similar in both the putative antigen-binding site codons and the putative nonantigen-binding site codons. The extensive polymorphism reported in this article is consistent with polymorphism reported at the bovine DQA1 locus. 相似文献
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Foster J McKenzie C Parnham D Drummond D Goldmann W Stevenson E Hunter N 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(2):42-45
The Cheviot flock at the Institute for Animal Health's Neuropathogenesis Unit (npu) has endemic scrapie, which affects primarily vrq/vrq sheep and at high frequency. A new flock with a full range of PrP genotypes, including the highly susceptible vrq/vrq, has been produced on a separate site, from animals in the npu breeding flock, and it remains scrapie-free after eight years. In contrast, in a parallel flock at the npu farm, scrapie has reappeared after five years, although the animals were kept in separate accommodation from the scrapie-affected sheep. During this time the npu breeding flock continued to have scrapie cases. Although it is known that highly susceptible sheep can remain free of infection in a clean environment, this is the first report of the infection being removed successfully from the bloodlines of scrapie-affected sheep. The results confirm that scrapie is not a genetic disease dependent only on the PrP gene sequence, but requires both genetic susceptibility and an infectious agent. 相似文献
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Diversity of the ovine DQA2 gene 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Variation in the ovine DQA2 gene was investigated in approximately 2,000 sheep from six breeds. Fragments of DNA containing the ovine DQA2 exon 2 were amplified using PCR. Single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis and DNA sequence analysis were employed to detect genetic variation. Twenty-three nucleic acid sequences, encoding 22 DQA2 amino acid sequences, were identified. This increases the number of alleles identified from 10 to 23. In some cases, three or four unique sequences were isolated from individual sheep, suggesting that these DQA2 sequences may represent two loci. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that 5 of these 23 sequences were more closely related to cattle DQA3 or DQA4 sequences than to other sheep DQA2 sequences. These sequences clustered together and were called DQA2-like to differentiate them from other DQA2 sequences. There was no evidence of DQA5-like sequences in sheep. Information theory-based analysis indicated that some of the DQA2-like sequences had low information content at splice sites, suggesting that these alleles may have low functional activity. Allelic lineages were observed not only at the DQA2 locus, but also at the DQA2-like locus, supporting the trans-species mode of evolution of MHC genes. Comparison of the allelic sequences suggests that polymorphism seems to have arisen largely by point mutation and gene conversion, and a recent gene conversion event seems to have occurred between the DQA2 and DQA2-like loci. The high level of sequence polymorphism detected and varied number of loci demonstrate the extensive diversity of the ovine DQA2 gene. 相似文献
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Lixia Gao Hongbin Li Lixin Du Xuemei Song Zhenzu Li Shangang Li and Caihong Wei 《中国畜牧杂志》2010,1(2):70-74
A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of 805 bp region in the intron 6 of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) gene was identified by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand composition polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) in 196 sheep among Small-tailed Han sheep, Tong sheep, Tan sheep and Oula sheep. Comparative sequence analysis of cloned products revealed an AGAC deletion at 294 bases upstream of exon 7 of the TGF-β1 gene (site 14201 in gi76871756). Statistical results of the genotype and allele frequencies in different breeds showed that genotype AB was dominant in the Small-tailed Han sheep. Genotype BB, however, was in majority in low-fecundity sheep. The results of a Chi-square test indicated that all the populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. 相似文献
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Lixia Gao Hongbin Li Lixin Du Xuemei Song Zhenzu Li Shangang Li Caihong Wei 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2010,1(2):70-74
A single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)of 805 bp region in the intron 6 of transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1)gene was identified by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand composition polymorphism(PCR-SSCP)in 196 sheep among Small-tailed Han sheep,Tong sheep,Tan sheep and Oula sheep.Comparative sequence analysis of cloned products revealed an AGAC deletion at 294 bases upstream of exon 7 of the TGF-β1 gene(site 14201 in gi76871756).Statistical results of the genotype and allele frequencies in different breeds showed that genotype AB was dominant in the Small-tailed Han sheep.Genotype BB,however,was in majority in low-fecundity sheep.The results of a Chi-square test indicated that all the populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. 相似文献
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羊朊蛋白基因的克隆和序列分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
分别从6只羊（3只藏绵羊和3只山羊）全血中提取基因组总DNA，用所设计引物以聚合酶链式反应扩增出细胞型朊蛋白（PrP^c）基因，并克隆到pMD 18-T载体。序列分析表明所克隆的羊PrP基因片段大小为771bp，包含了羊朊蛋白基因的完整编码区序列，为包含在单一外显子内的完整开放阅读框，其与国外报道的已知序列基本相同。所克隆的羊PrP基因含5个短而富含G-C的元件，可编码八肽Pro—His—Gly—Gly—Gly—Trp-Gly—Gln或九肽Pro—Gln／His—Gly—Gly—Gly-Gly—Trp—Gly—Gln。这些PrP基因序列相比较，其核苷酸序列和推导氨基酸序列同源性分别在99．0％～100．0％和98．1％～100．0％之间。共发现17个碱基替换，其中6个为同义码替换、11个为异义突变。异义突变中，除SY200301～SY200303的S240P和MY200301的M112T外，其余均位于PrP氨基酸125～228的C-端球形结构区，分别为MY200301的G129S突变、MY200302的T191R突变、MY200303的G127S突变及SY200302和SY200303的H143R和R211G。6个羊PrP基因均为密码子136、154和171的PrPARQ等位基因。 相似文献
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试验旨在了解角蛋白5(keratin 5, K5)可能的调控序列。本研究根据UCSC公布的牛K5基因5'侧翼区设计PCR引物,扩增了内蒙古绒山羊K5基因部分启动子序列。通过产物纯化、连接、转化,并对测序结果进行了生物信息学分析。结果扩增得到内蒙古绒山羊K5基因启动子序列长度为1452 bp(GenBank登录号为:JQ277735),与牛和人相应序列的相似性分别为91.5%和74%。转录起始位点位于翻译起始密码子ATG上游－101 bp位置;含有两个TATA 盒,分别位于翻译起始位点上游－129—－124 bp(ATAAAA)和－178—－174 bp(TTAAT)位置;通过在线分析软件预测发现(按5'→3')SRY,MZF1,v-Myb,SRY,AP-1,CDP CR,HNF-4,AML-1a,HSF2,AP-4,AP2,AP2,Sp1,Nkx-2,Sp1和GATA-1转录因子结合位点。其中,转录因子SRY(TGTGTTT),和CDP CR(GATTGATGGC)是绒山羊特有的;转录因子HNF-4,AML-1a,HSF2,AP-4,AP2,Sp1,Nkx-2和GATA-1(AGCCATCATG)在绒山羊、牛和人K5启动子上的结合位点高度保守。两个最小增强子分别位于翻译起始位点ATG上游－140—－91 bp和－114—－67 bp位置,含有24 bp(GCGGCTCCCAGGTAACAGAGCCGC)重叠区,预测其与绒山羊K5基因的转录调控有关。试验确定了内蒙古绒山羊K5基因启动子的转录起始位置、转录因子结合位点及最小增强子序列,为进一步研究绒山羊K5基因的表达调控机制奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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山羊脂肪酸合酶基因(FASN)启动子结构与功能的初步分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在对山羊脂肪酸合酶基因(Fatty acid synthase,FASN)启动子进行结构与功能的初步分析,进而对其转录调控机制进行探讨。采用PCR技术从西农萨能羊基因组DNA中克隆FASN基因启动子,通过缺失分析,构建7个包含不同缺失片段的荧光素酶报告基因载体,转染山羊乳腺上皮细胞和MCF-7细胞,利用双荧光素酶系统检测不同片段的启动活性。结果表明,克隆得到FASN基因的启动调控序列2 589bp,生物信息学分析发现,该启动子序列含有典型的启动转录元件TATA-box和E-box,分别位于转录起始位点(+1)上游-41和-74bp处。报告基因分析表明,启动子核心区域定位在-293～-79bp,在线软件预测发现,该区域含有Sp1、NF-Y、USF和SREBP等转录因子结合位点。结果显示,FASN基因启动子前端存在负调控元件,Sp1、NF-Y、USF和SREBP等转录因子可能参与FASN基因的转录调控。 相似文献
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Sild E Volskiene R Viinalass H Miceikiene I Grislis Z Distl O Drögemüller C 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(8):247-250
A total of 167 sheep belonging to the Estonian whiteheaded mutton, Estonian blackheaded mutton, Lithuanian coarsewool native, Lithuanian blackface and Latvian darkheaded mutton breeds, and a population of sheep kept isolated on the Estonian island of Ruhnu, were sequence-analysed for polymorphisms in the prion protein (PrP) gene, to determine their genotype and the allele frequencies of polymorphisms in PrP known to confer resistance to scrapie. A 939 base pair fragment of exon 3 from the PrP gene was amplified by pcr and analysed by direct sequencing. For animals showing polymorphism at two nucleotide positions, both haplotypes of these double-heterozygous genotypes were further verified by pcr cloning and sequence analysis. Known polymorphisms were observed at codons 136, 154 and 171, and six different haplotypes (arr, ahq, arh, ahr, arq and vrq) were determined. On the basis of these polymorphisms, the six populations of sheep possessed the resistant arr haplotype at different frequencies. The high-risk arq haplotype occurred in high frequencies in all six populations, but vrq, the haplotype carrying the highest risk, occurred at low frequencies and in only three of the populations. 相似文献
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Molecular cloning of insulin-like growth factor-I complimentary DNA and promoter region in the domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos)* 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Norio KANSAKU Eriko YAGI Asako NAKADA Hisato OKABAYASHI Daniel GUEMENE David ZADWORNY 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(4):277-282
Complementary DNA (cDNA) and the flanking region of insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) of domesticated duck were cloned. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the cDNA showed seven and eight bases different, respectively, from chicken and turkey IGF‐I cDNA within the coding region. The amino acid sequence of prepro IGF‐I differed by one and two amino acids from those observed in chicken and turkey, respectively. However, no amino acid substitution was observed in the mature IGF‐I region. Sequence analysis of the promoter region and exon 1 of the duck IGF‐I revealed a high degree of similarity to that of the chicken IGF‐I gene. These results suggest that the mechanisms which regulate expression of the IGF‐I gene may be widely conserved in avian species. 相似文献
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鹅IGF-Ⅰ基因5’调控区序列的克隆与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据鸡、鸭等的IGF-Ⅰ基因5’调控区的保守区序列设计一对兼并引物,从五龙鹅的基因组DNA中扩增了IGF-Ⅰ基因5’调控区序列,将其克隆到pMD18-T载体上进行测序,结果得到长796 bp的序列。五龙鹅IGF-Ⅰ基因5’调控区序列与鸭、鸡的同源性分别为98.1％、93.0％,充分显示了IGF-Ⅰ基因在进化上的高保守性;与鸭相比有4处碱基缺失和7处碱基插入;与鸡相比有4处碱基缺失和3处碱基插入。对其序列进行酶切图谱分析发现,共有5种常见的限制性内切酶的酶切位点。 相似文献