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木材干燥导水系数和换水系数的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
木材(板、方材)的导水系数和换水系数是反映木材干燥或存放过程中水分迁移的重要物性参数。然而,我国对木材导水系数和换水系数的研究和测定工作十分有限。木材干燥有关的理论计算中,常用原苏联的数据。由于这些数据本身可能存在的误差及用于我国树种的可靠程度难以估计,故使理论结果的实际运用受到限制。本文采用等厚试件系数分离法研究和测定了木材干燥过程动态导水系数和换水系数。 相似文献
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《林业科学》2021,57(9)
木材干燥应力相关研究是木材科学的重要组成部分,对木材实际加工过程具有重要指导作用,也是制定和优化干燥工艺的依据。本文从木材干燥应力研究的主要试验手段和模型方法 2方面入手,对比分析各种方法的优势和不足,系统总结干燥应力研究现状,以期为木材干燥应力相关研究提供借鉴,推动干燥应力研究向更深层次发展,为木材高质量干燥奠定基础。试验研究方面,传统的叉齿法和切片法依旧是木材干燥应力、应变检测的常规试验方法,数字图像、近红外光谱等现代化技术手段为干燥应力、应变研究提供了新的契机,但至今仍没有一种方法具备绝对的检测精度和实际推广应用条件。模型研究方面,木材流变学理论模型日趋完善成熟,对干燥应力的模拟进入一个瓶颈阶段。随着计算机技术的不断发展以及数值分析软件的逐渐强大,有限元法被用于木材干燥应力的模拟研究,该方法在处理木材这种各向异性材料方面具有一定优势,目前处于快速发展阶段。根据现阶段木材干燥应力研究现状,试验手段和模型方法对于干燥应力研究均具有不可替代的作用,二者结合是全面研究干燥应力的关键,试验探寻能够快速、精准、连续检测木材干燥应力的新装置或新技术依然是未来的研究重点。有限元法是木材干燥应力模型研究最具潜力的数值分析方法,未来适用性广泛的模型构建要立足于木材自身的多尺度、多层级结构特征,利用先进仪器设备获取精准的模型参数,并将所建模型纳入干燥设备控制系统,指导和服务于实际生产。 相似文献
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木材无损检测技术及其应用与展望 总被引：10，自引：5，他引：10
对木材无损检测的基本原理和主要方法进行了简要论述，介绍了木材无损检测技术在当今木材科学研究和木材加工中的应用，并对无损检测技术在今后木材科学领域的应用前景做了展望。 相似文献
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Duygu Kocaefe Ramdane Younsi Bushra Chaudry Yaşar Kocaefe 《Wood Science and Technology》2006,40(5):371-391
A three-dimensional and unsteady-state mathematical model, which accounts for simultaneous heat and mass transfer taking place during the high temperature treatment of wood, has been developed. It was validated by comparing the predictions with the experimental data. In the model, the coupled heat and mass transfer equations proposed by Luikov are solved, and the temperature and moisture content profiles within wood are predicted as a function of time for different heating rates. For the model validation, an experimental study was carried out with aspen under different operating conditions. The samples were heated to high temperatures using a thermogravimetric system. The weight loss and the temperature distribution within the sample were monitored and registered during the experiment. The model can use constant or variable thermo-physical properties. The temperature and moisture content of the wood predicted by the model using variable properties were compared with those predicted by the same model using constant properties as well as with the experimental data. The experimental and model results are in good agreement, and it was shown that the accuracy of the model depends on the accuracy of the properties. After the model validation was completed, a parametric study was carried out. 相似文献
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【目的】研究高温热处理对人工林樟子松、杉木、美洲黑杨木材平衡含水率和吸湿特性的影响,为科学评价热处理木材吸湿特性提供理论基础,为人工林木材高附加值利用和实际高温热处理木材生产提供参考。【方法】以水蒸气为保护介质,设定180、200和220 ℃3个温度进行高温热处理,采用双室温、湿度控制法,在25 ℃环境中以8种不同类型饱和盐溶液精确控制水蒸气相对湿度进行等温吸附试验,运用Hailwood-Horrobin模型拟合等温吸附曲线,分析高温热处理对木材水蒸气等温吸附曲线线形、平衡含水率、单层分子吸附水和多层分子吸附水的影响。【结果】 180、200和220 ℃处理后,试样吸湿平衡含水率均值相当于素材含水率均值的80%、70%和50%左右;3个树种素材试样和高温热处理材试样均表现为第2类等温吸附曲线形态特征,Hailwood-Horrobin模型能够较好拟合不同树种素材和高温热处理材等温吸附曲线,不同热处理条件试样等温吸附曲线的拟合度均高于0.980 0,处理温度越高,等温吸附曲线越接近直线;高温热处理后代表含有单位摩尔数吸附位的绝干木材质量参数( W )显著增加,不同相对湿度下高温热处理材的单层分子吸附水和多层分子吸附水含量也随之降低;180、200和 220 ℃处理后,木材试样单层分子吸附水含量相较于素材下降20%、30%和50%左右,高温热处理对多层分子吸附水含量影响规律与之相近;高温热处理后单层分子吸附水、多层分子吸附水和吸附水总量的最大值相较于素材明显下降,且处理温度越高,下降幅度越大。【结论】高温热处理可明显降低3个树种试样的吸湿平衡含水率,且处理温度越高,平衡含水率下降幅度越大;高温热处理会一定程度影响木材等温吸附曲线线形,Hailwood-Horrobin模型可用于描述高温热处理材等温吸附曲线,且拟合度较高;高温热处理可明显降低3个树种试样等温吸附过程单层分子吸附水和多层分子吸附水含量,且处理温度越高影响越明显,单层分子吸附水和多层分子吸附水最大含量均明显降低,进而影响吸附水总量最大值。 相似文献
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Experimental investigation and computational analysis were performed to evaluate the influence of the ambient air parameters
during the drying process on the temperature, moisture and resulting deformations and stresses in wood samples. The numerical
procedure uses the Finite Volume Method to discretise the equations governing heat, mass and momentum balance and takes into
account the anisotropic nature of wood. The comparison of the numerical and experimental results shows very good agreements,
implying that the proposed numerical algorithm can be used as a useful tool in designing wood drying schedules.
Received 31 March 1999 相似文献
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蒸汽介质热处理对毛白杨木材颜色的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以毛白杨木材为研究对象,采用蒸汽介质热处理方法在氧气含量低于2%的密闭容器中以温度170～230℃、时间1～5h的处理条件对其进行热处理。结果表明:随着处理温度的升高和处理时间的延长,色饱和度差ΔC*逐渐减小、色差ΔE*和色相差ΔH*逐渐增大,说明热处理后木材的颜色由原色逐步过渡到深褐色。方差分析和多重比较结果表明:热处理温度比热处理时间对毛白杨木材颜色变化的影响更为重要。此外,进一步得出了色差值与热处理温度、时间三者之间的回归模型。利用此特性,对一些浅色木材进行热处理,可赋予其凝重的颜色,同时还可增强其尺寸稳定性,从而提高其产品附加值,扩大应用领域。 相似文献
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Li Xian-jun Zhang Bi-guang Li Wen-jun 《中国林学(英文版)》2005,7(2):47-51
In order to analyze the effects of the temperature gradient on moisture movement during the highly intensive microwave-vacuum drying, thermal diffusion of Masson pine wood was studied. Internal distribution of temperature and moisture in Masson pine samples sealed by epoxy resin and aluminum foil was measured, the magnitude of thermal diffusion was calculated and the influencing factors of thermal diffusion were discussed. Results showed that with the transfer of moisture toward the low temperature in wood, opposite temperature and moisture gradient occurred. The initial moisture content （MC）, temperature and time are important factors affecting this process; the thermal diffusion is in proportion to wood temperature, its initial moisture and time. The temperature and distance from hot surface is strongly linearly correlated, and the relationship between MCs at different locations and distance from the hot end surface changes from logarithmically form to exponentially form with the increase in experimental time. 相似文献
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THE EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DIFFERENT SPECIES WOOD COLOUR 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Woodisnaturalmaterial,naturegivewoodsurfacecolor,g]oss,grain,qualitysenseetc-,whichconsititutedwoodaesthet-icfeeling.Forthisreson,peoplealwaysusedwide]ywoodtomakefurnitureanddecorating,andstlldiedonthequntitativetestingofwoodsurfacevisualphysicalmagnitude.tl-8jTreeswereprocessedoperationbyaseriesofworkingprocesstoformthewoodsurfacewhichwesawandtouchedonfur-nitureanddecorating.Inthesekindsofworkingprocess,whetherthevisualphysi-calmagnitudeofwoodsurfacehadvaria-tionsorthisvariationschangedwoodna… 相似文献
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热处理是木材加工行业中常用的处理手段之一,可有效提升木材尺寸稳定性及具有防生物侵蚀能力,但在一定程度上也会降低木材的力学性能。热处理导致木材材性变化的根本原因是木材组分含量及其分子结构在热量作用下发生了变化。笔者探索了不同热处理温度下(150,165,180,195和210℃)桃花心木材的化学组分变化。结果表明:经热处理后,桃花心木中的抽提物含量显著降低;处理材的p H低于未处理木材,且随处理温度升高呈下降趋势;热处理后桃花心木缓冲容量降低,随处理温度升高,呈先下降后升高趋势;桃花心木半纤维素中的木糖、甘露糖、半乳糖及葡萄糖醛酸含量随处理温度升高逐渐降低,且半纤维素大分子结构被破坏;热处理会导致桃花心木细胞壁中木质素大分子结构发生破坏,且随热处理温度升高,桃花心木中木质素单元主要连接结构(β-O-4’芳基醚键)断裂程度增加。因此,探明热处理对桃花心木化学性质的影响,将为优化桃花心木热处理工艺及合理制定热处理木材加工利用方法提供科学依据。 相似文献
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In order to understand the reason why glycerin pre-treatment can accelerate the deformation fixation of compressed wood, the
interaction between glycerin and wood at various temperatures was investigated in this study from stress relaxation approach.
The compression stress relaxation curves of poplar (Populus cathayana Rehd.) samples impregnated with glycerin were measured at temperatures ranging from 25 to 180°C, together with the curves
of oven-dry wood at temperatures between 100 and 180°C for comparison. The activation energy was calculated according to the
Eyring’s absolute rate reaction theory. The results showed that temperature had very obvious effect on stress relaxation for
both glycerin-treated wood (GTW) and oven-dry wood. The stress released very fast at higher temperatures. Glycerin showed
an accelerating effect on stress relaxation. At temperatures exceeding 120°C, a complete relaxation of the stress could be
expected. While for untreated wood, it cannot be reached until 160°C. By calculating the apparent activation energy (ΔE) of
GTW at different temperatures, it is clear that two mechanisms are responsible for different temperature ranges. From 40 to
100°C, ΔE is only 8.24 kJ/mol, which corresponds to the hydrogen bonds formed between wood and glycerin molecules; from 120
to 180°C, ΔE reached 81.38 kJ/mol, which corresponds to the degradation of hemicelluloses or lignin, and during this process,
new cross-linking would happen. 相似文献