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为寻求功能大麦优质高效生产技术,选用3个优质大麦品种为试验材料,研究了不同时间割苗对再生大麦农艺性状和生物产量及籽粒γ-氨基丁酸、总黄酮、生物碱及抗性淀粉含量的影响。结果表明,延迟割苗提高了干麦苗产量,但显著影响了再生麦的农艺和产量性状。除旗叶宽和茎粗外,割苗降低了再生麦的株高、节间总长度、旗叶长和穗长,显著降低了有效穗数、结实率、千粒重、秸秆产量和籽粒产量。再生麦的秸秆与籽粒产量以1叶1心和3叶1心两个阶段割苗最高,5叶1心期割苗最低,但5叶1心期割苗的干麦苗产量最高。在3叶1心前割苗,再生麦的籽粒功能成分(γ-氨基丁酸、总黄酮、生物碱及抗性淀粉)含量较高。 相似文献
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大麦不同光合器官对籽粒灌浆及产量的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
大麦的不同光合器官对籽粒的灌浆及产量的影响作了初步探索。在大麦灌浆前期,籽粒物质积累主要来源于茎杆贮藏物质,在中期,倒２叶以上各光合器官对籽粒的物质积累起关键作用,在后期,倒２叶作用消失,而剑叶和芒仍对籽粒的灌浆发挥很大作用;大麦倒２叶以上的光合器官对籽粒产量的贡献卓越,其中剑叶的贡献最大,而芒的作用也很显著;大麦各光合器官在抽穗后对结实率的影响不大。 相似文献
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大麦的不同光合器官对籽粒的灌浆及产量的影响作了初步探索。在大麦灌浆前期,籽粒物质积累主要来源于茎杆贮藏物质,在中期,倒2叶以上各光合器官对籽粒的物质积累起关键作用,在后期,倒2叶作用消失,而剑叶和芒仍对籽粒的灌浆发挥很大作用;大麦倒2叶以上的光合器官对籽粒产量的贡献卓越,其中剑叶的贡献最大．而芒的作用也很显著;大麦各光合器官在抽穗后对结实率的影响不大。 相似文献
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氮肥用量及运筹对不同啤酒大麦产量和啤用品质的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
试验以单二大麦、苏啤3号两个大麦品种为材料,研究氮肥用量及运筹对啤酒大麦产量、千粒重和籽粒蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明:(1)随着氮肥施入量的增多,大麦籽粒蛋白质含量不断增加,同一施氮水平下,氮肥后移会导致籽粒蛋白质含量提高。(2)在250 kg/hm2氮水平下,基追比为7:3时,两个品种产量均达到最高,分别为6 833.68 kg/hm2和7 055.91 kg/hm2。(3)施氮量的多少对大麦千粒重有显著影响,同一施氮水平下不同品种籽粒千粒重的差异主要是由品种本身的遗传差异决定的,受氮运筹的影响较小。(4)综合各方面表现,苏啤3号要远远好于单二大麦,大面积生产上应逐步以苏啤3号来替代单二大麦,以提高大麦的产量和品质,从而达到高产高效的目的。 相似文献
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为了深入探索Trxs基因的功能,给转基因大麦育种提供理论依据,以啤酒大麦品种Harrington及其过量表达硫氧还蛋白S基因(Trxs)的转基因大麦株系为试验材料,对籽粒灌浆后期旗叶中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性、叶绿素荧光特性以及不同发育阶段籽粒中GSH含量和产量性状进行研究.结果显示:(1)籽粒灌浆后期转基因大麦旗叶GSH含量与APX活性显著高于非转基因对照;(2)花后15 d时各测定时间点和籽粒灌浆后期不同测定时间转基因大麦旗叶叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm与Fv/Fo值普遍高于对照;(3)转基因大麦的产量性状优于对照,其千粒重、单株穗数和单株产量平均分别比对照提高了12.29%、34.34%与41.01%.这些结果表明,Trxs通过影响旗叶和籽粒中GSH含量和旗叶中APX活性,提高了籽粒灌浆后期转基因啤酒大麦抗逆境胁迫的能力,改善了啤酒大麦转基因株系在籽粒灌浆后期的光合性能,有利于提高了单株产量. 相似文献
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为丰富大麦立体栽培理论,更好地推动高海拔地区大麦的生产,通过不同海拔种植大麦试验,分析了海拔对大麦农艺性状、品质及产量的影响。结果显示,随海拔升高大麦生育期显著延长,株高显著增高,千粒重增大,籽粒发芽率和蛋白质含量显著降低,麦芽浸出物和库尔巴哈值先升高后降低,可溶性氮先降低再升高;海拔对产量也有明显影响,在试验区内产量随海拔升高呈现先升高后降低的趋势。海拔对两个大麦品种的产量和品质的效应相同。因此,生产上应因地制宜,发挥区域优势,重视海拔对大麦品质的调控作用,以改善大麦的品质。 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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实施茶叶优势区域规划促进川茶产业持续发展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了充分发挥四川茶叶的比较优势和自然资源优势,进一步提高川茶产业竞争力和促进农民增收,在四川省委、省政府重视下,在开展特色茶叶产品研究的基础上,制订了<四川省茶叶优势区域规划>,以期通过"规划"的实施,在基地建设、规模化生产、产业化经营等方面取得新的突破,为四川省盆周山区和丘陵地区的农村经济发展和农民增收做出新的更大贡献. 相似文献