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1.
采用RT-PCR 与RACE相结合的方法,从龙眼胚性愈伤组织中克隆了长947 bp含有完整开放阅读框的龙眼DlGPX cDNA序列（GenBank登录号为EU364813）和长度为1 736 bp的DNA序列（GenBank登录号为EU680970）。其编码1个含有168个氨基酸的蛋白质。DlGPX基因中含有5个内含子,均符合真核生物内含子通用的GT-AG 法则。生物信息学分析显示：该蛋白为亲水的酸性蛋白质,定位于叶绿体;与其他植物的GPX有较高的同源性。将该基因构建成原核表达载体,经IPTG诱导表达了１个分子量约为23 ku的蛋白。利用实时荧光定量PCR（qPCR）技术研究该基因在龙眼体胚发生发育过程中的表达情况,结果显示,从松散型胚性愈伤组织到不完全胚性紧实球形结构阶段,DlGPX mRNA的转录水平逐渐升高,在胚性紧实球形结构阶段降到最低水平,子叶形胚阶段又上升到与不完全胚性紧实球形结构阶段相当的水平。 相似文献
2.
分离克隆龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)胚性愈伤组织14-3-3基因,并分析该基因在龙眼体胚发生过程中的表达情况。采用RT-PCR结合RACE法,获得龙眼胚性愈伤组织14-3-3基因的cDNA全长序列和DNA序列,采用TAIL-PCR法,获得龙眼胚性愈伤组织14-3-3基因的启动子DNA序列,运用生物信息学方法对序列进行分析,并通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)研究该基因在龙眼体胚发生过程中的表达。结果表明:经克隆得到龙眼胚性愈伤组织14-3-3基因786 bp的cDNA全长序列(GenBank检索号为GU573765),该cDNA开放阅读框推定的氨基酸序列(含261个氨基酸)与其它植物14-3-3具有较高同源性;该基因的DNA序列(GenBank检索号为GU573766)长为1 859 bp,包含3个内含子,内含子的剪切位点均符合真核生物"GT-AG"规则;该基因的启动子DNA序列(GenBank检索号为GU573766)长为910 bp;该基因在龙眼体胚各阶段均有表达,其中在松散型胚性愈伤组织阶段和心形胚及鱼雷形胚阶段呈现高表达,整个变化趋势呈"倒S"状。 相似文献
3.
可变剪接是一种重要的基因表达调控机制,对植物的发育、生理、代谢、信号转导以及外界逆境的响应等多个过程都有调控。为进一步探讨小麦基因的可变剪接机制以及深入研究小麦UROS基因的功能,以返白系、矮变1号和中国春三个普通六倍体小麦品种为材料,克隆了尿卟啉原Ⅲ合成酶基因(UROS)的gDNA和cDNA序列,并利用生物信息学技术研究了小麦叶片中UROS基因的可变剪接方式。结果表明,根据在线小麦基因组数据库,将克隆到的UROS基因组DNA序列分别定位在4BL和4DL两个基因位点,命名为UROS-4B和UROS-4D。从三个品种中克隆得到大约50个不同的UROS基因cDNA序列,通过在线预测和与基因组序列比对,发现UROS基因存在可变剪接,并鉴定出两个UROS基因位点各有一个标准剪接转录本和两个非标准剪接转录本。可变剪接方式以内含子保留为主,还有可变的供体剪接位点和可变的受体剪接位点,品种间的剪接方式不完全相同。由不同转录本预测编码的多肽氨基酸序列也存在差异,两个基因位点选取的六个转录本所编码的多肽有12个氨基酸位点的变异。 相似文献
4.
龙眼胚性愈伤组织ACC合成酶基因（DL-ACS1）的克隆及表达分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)胚性愈伤组织为材料,采用同源克隆和RACE方法分离得到龙眼胚性愈伤组织乙烯合成限速酶DL-ACS1(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase)基因的cDNA全长序列(GenBank,FJ617537),共1 817 bp,包含了5’非编码区(73 bp),开放阅读框(1 437 bp),3’非编码区(307 bp)。该cDNA开放阅读框的氨基酸序列(含478个氨基酸)与其它植物ACS具有77%～63%同源性,属于ACC Synthase家族。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,该基因在龙眼体细胞胚胎(以下简称龙眼体胚)各阶段的表达量存在较大的时期差异,其中,球形胚(Stage 5)的表达量最高,鱼雷形胚(Stage 7)的表达量最低。 相似文献
5.
本研究基于电子克隆获得的大豆GmASADH 基因cDNA序列,根据其编码区设计特异引物,以大豆品种小鹦哥豆总RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR 获得了约1130bp的cDNA片段,T/A 克隆后进行序列测定。测序结果显示,GmASADH基因家族有两个成员,命名为GmASADH1（FJ581425）和GmASADH2（HM015631）。GmASADH1编码区长度为1134bp,编码378个氨基酸,由7个外显子和6个内含子构成,定位于Gm08染色体。GmASADH2编码区长度为1131bp,编码377个氨基酸,由7个外显子和6个内含子构成,定位于Gm05染色体。两个基因在氨基酸水平上的相似性达到了96.02%,在二级及三级结构上均有不同程度的差异。ASADH蛋白含有NADB_Rossmann superfamily和Semialdhyde_dhC superfamily结构域。 相似文献
6.
无核荔枝凝集素基因的克隆与表达分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用PCR技术克隆了无核荔枝凝集素(LcLec)基因的部分cDNA(JF920723)和gDNA(JF920724)序列,序列分析表明,获得的cDNA序列含有一个468 bp的完整开放读码框结构,编码含155个氨基酸残基的多肽序列,该氨基酸残基序列与木菠萝家族的甘露糖结合凝集素同源。获得的gDNA序列含有3个内含子,长度分别为124、108和119 bp。荧光定量PCR结果表明,LcLec基因的表达量在无核荔枝果皮发育前期上升,之后下降至稳定水平;在采后果皮衰老阶段,随果皮褐变指数上升LcLec基因表达量上升。 相似文献
7.
从已构建的荔枝果皮cDNA文库中挑取克隆测序,获得一条荔枝快速碱化因子(LcRALF)基因(GenBank登录号:EU024484).该基因的cDNA全长为666 bp,含1个381 bp的开放读码结构,编码126个氨基酸.生物信息学分析表明,该基因的氨基酸序列与拟南芥、烟草等物种的RALF基因一致性较高,具有RALF基因氨基酸序列的典型特征.RT-PCR分析表明,该基因在荔枝果皮中特异表达,且在新采收的荔枝果皮中表达量最高.随着果皮的衰老该基因表达量逐渐下降. 相似文献
8.
水稻谷蛋白基因GluB-6的cDNA克隆及表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据已克隆谷蛋白基因的保守氨基酸序列搜索基因组数据库,获得与之高度同源的水稻基因组序列,通过生物软件进行基因预测和验证,用RT PCR法克隆得到1个新的谷蛋白基因的cDNA克隆。核酸序列分析和体外表达结果表明,该基因cDNA序列全长为1517 bp,含有1个编码495个氨基酸残基的开放阅读框（ORF）,推导的氨基酸序列与谷蛋白基因家族的相似性介于53.6%~82.8%,并与B亚族谷蛋白基因的同源性更高,因此命名为GluB 6（GenBank注册号AY429651）。Northern杂交显示,GluB 6基因具有高度的胚乳表达特性。 相似文献
9.
从橡胶树体细胞胚中克隆了一个与体细胞胚胎发生相关的类受体蛋白激酶基因,命名为HbSERK1。HbSERK1长2 159 bp,含有一个1 482 bp的阅读框,编码493个氨基酸。HbSERK1序列与毛果杨、葡萄、胡萝卜、马铃薯、拟南芥和燕麦的体细胞胚胎发生相关类受体蛋白激酶同源性分别为91%、90%、88%、88%、87%、86%。生物信息学分析表明,HbSERK1含有一个高度保守的蛋白激酶家族结构域,同时含有ATP结合区、蛋白激酶活化位点和Ser/Thr活性位点。RT-PCR半定量分析表明,HbSERK1在叶、胶乳、雄花、生长在愈伤诱导培养基上30 d和50 d的愈伤组织及生长在胚状体诱导培养基上12 d的胚性愈伤组织中均未表达,而生长在胚状体诱导培养基上21 d和40 d的胚性愈伤组织及成熟体细胞胚中表达。橡胶树HbSERK1基因主要在体细胞胚发生的早期表达,表明其可能参与橡胶树的体细胞胚早期发生过程。 相似文献
10.
参考龙眼转录组数据库信息,以莆田宝庵寺的龙眼古树“宝树”幼胚诱导的胚性愈伤组织作为试验材料,获得了龙眼古树wrky44基因的全长序列,命名为Dlwrky44,登录号为JF709012,共2313 bp,其中3′UTR458 bp,poly A尾长25 bp,5′UTR 735 bp,并包含1个1119 bp的开放阅读框,编码373个氨基酸.根据推导的氨基酸序列进行生物信息学分析结果表明:D1WRKY44蛋白是不稳定、亲水蛋白;无信号肽和跨膜结构,亚细胞定位于细胞核中;具有2个WRKY结构域,并具有核定位信号,在wrky家族中属第1类.系统进化树分析结果表明:龙眼古树DlWRKY44蛋白与柽柳亲缘关系最近.对龙眼古树EC Dlwrky44基因在不同低温胁迫条件下(0、5、10、15、20、25℃)处理12h的表达进行了分析,结果表明:Dlwrky44基因的表达量随着温度的逐渐降低,表达量逐渐升高,当温度升到15℃时,表达量达到最高. 相似文献
11.
Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
14.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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Tatiana G. Polotow Sandra C. Poppe Cristina V. Vardaris Douglas Ganini Maísa Guariroba Rita Mattei Elaine Hatanaka Maria F. Martins Eduardo F. Bondan Marcelo P. Barros 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6117-6137
Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions. 相似文献
17.
Youna Hemery Ulla Holopainen Anna-Maija Lampi Pekka Lehtinen Tanja Nurmi Vieno Piironen Minnamari Edelmann Xavier Rouau 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased. 相似文献
18.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
19.
Tovar LR Olivos M Gutierrez ME 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(4):189-194
Pulque is made by fermenting the agave sap or aguamiel of Agave atrovirens with a whole array of microorganisms present in the environment including several lactic acid bacteria and yeasts such as
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ascorbic acid was determined in pulque and aguamiel, respectively. Phytase activity in lees, liquid and freeze-dried pulque was assayed by measuring the appearance of phosphate from phytate by a colorimetric method likewise phosphate from phytate
present in fresh corn tortilla was measured after in vitro incubation with pulque. Iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and selenium contents were measured in pulque and corn tortilla as well as in nixtamalized corn flour (NCF), the latter is used to make instant tortilla, since corn provides
most of the energy as well as most of the phytate in the Mexican rural diet. Pulque showed phytase activity but much less ascorbic acid and iron than previously reported; additionally, phytase in pulque hydrolyzed most of phytate’s corn tortilla. Lees, which is mostly made of pulque’s microbiota, significantly accumulated iron and zinc but no selenium. NCF was fortified with iron by the manufacturers but
poorly blended. There were significant differences on selenium content between tortillas samples, apparently some soils in
central Mexico are selenium deficient. Moderate pulque intake appears to increase the bioavailability of iron and zinc bound by phytate in corn. 相似文献
20.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献