共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 506 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
香椿人工栽培技术和加工利用方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
香椿属楝科，是我国的特有树种，分布很广，东起辽宁南部，西至甘肃，北至内蒙古南部，南到广东、广西和云南。尤其以安徽、山东、河南栽植最多。香椿幼芽、嫩叶供菜用，俗称香椿头、椿菜。其味美质佳，脆嫩可口，有极丰富的营养。据测定，每100g的香椿芽含蛋白质9．8g，雄居群蔬之冠；含钙143mg，在蔬菜中名列前茅；含维生素C115mg，仅次干辣椒。另外，它还含有脂肪、碳水化合物、胡萝卜素、铁、磷等。祖国医药认为，香椿芽性平味苦，有清热健胃、消炎解毒、涩肠止血、固精煤湿的作用。常食用对医治坏血病、冠心病、肠炎、伤风感冒均有良… 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
香椿为优质木本蔬菜,大棚香椿芽及其嫩叶由于具有香气浓郁、风味鲜美、质脆、多汁无渣、富含多种容易被人体吸收的营养成份,而且还具有较高的食用价值,是蔬菜中的珍品,颇受人们青睐。1种子选择与处理1.1种源选择香椿育苗应选择本地或相邻省份种源,避免选用纬度相差大的其他省份 相似文献
7.
香椿造林技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
香椿 ( Toona sinensis Roem)系楝科香椿属 ,是我国特有的经济树种 ,幼芽、嫩叶有多种营养物质 ,是一种别具风味的蔬菜 ,深受我国人民的喜爱。芽、根、皮及果均可入药 ;茎皮纤维可制绳索。香椿树冠庞大 ,树干端直 ,是优良的用材树种 ,有“中国桃花心木”之称 ,也可作行道树及“四旁”绿化树种。1 林学特性香椿是暖温带树种 ,耐寒性较差 ,适宜在年平均气温 1 0℃ ,极端最低气温 - 2 5℃以下的地区栽植 ;耐旱性较差 ,较耐水湿 ;喜深厚肥沃的沙质土壤 ,对土壤的酸碱度要求不严 ,酸性、中性及微碱性 ( p H5.5～ 8.0 )土壤均能生长 ;喜光树种 … 相似文献
8.
羽衣甘蓝又称美国沃斯特 ,是十字花科芸苔属甘蓝种的一个变种 ,原产地中海一带 ,与花椰菜是同宗兄弟。羽衣甘蓝分食用和观赏两大类。食用型叶皱成羽状分裂 ,裂片互相覆盖且卷曲 ,有如青花菜的小花蕾 ,经沸水煮、烫后有类似青花菜的风味。菜用羽衣甘蓝是以嫩叶片供食的优特品种蔬菜 ,它含有极丰富的维生素Ｃ ,每百克达 150～ 2 2 0ｍｇ ,此外还有Ｂ2 、Ａ、钾、硒等 ,故抗癌活性较强。该菜宜在凉爽季节上市 ,尤其是在初霜后更为可口 ;夏季高温及施用化肥后则纤维硬而老 ,这时就要挑食刚展开的嫩叶。它的食法主要是通过在沸水烫几十秒后捞起 ,… 相似文献
9.
香椿是我国特有的经济用材树种 ,其嫩芽、新叶具有独特的浓郁芳香气味 ,鲜美可口 ,香脆、多汁、无渣 ,含有丰富的营养物质 ,鲜芽中含糖 3.6 8%～ 4 .32 % ,蛋白质 6 .2 6 %～ 8.30 % ,脂肪 7.6 5 %～ 9.5 0 % ,粗纤维 1.3%～ 2 .5 % ;每克产品中含胡萝卜素 0 .93～ 1.6 3mg ,硫胺素 0 .0 5～ 0 .2 1mg ,维生素C 5 6～ 115mg ,钙 10 0mg ,磷 12 0mg。其营养价值和蛋白质含量居群蔬之首 ,维生素C可与含量最高的辣椒媲美 ,是一种食用价值和营养价值都很高的蔬菜珍品。经过 5年的试验、示范和调查材料比较分析 ,探索出“香椿菜用林矮化密植培育… 相似文献
10.
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
15.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):131-138
The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided. 相似文献
17.
18.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
19.
Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
20.
A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献