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1.
旨在为龙眼资源的分子鉴定和变异分析提供技术支持。以85份龙眼种资资源为试材，利用荧光标记的毛细管电泳技术对龙眼资源进行SSR检测、群体多样性和指纹图谱分析。7对SSR引物检测到29个等位基因，每对引物的等位基因数在3~7之间，平均为4.14个。有效等位基因数(Ne)范围在1.52~3.133之间，平均2.175，有效等位基因所占比例为52.49%。群体平均Shannon遗传多样性指数(I)为0.877；观测杂合度(Ho)的变化范围为0.341~0.782，平均值为0.51，期望杂合度(He)的变化范围为0.342~0.681，平均值为0.514，He的平均值大于0.5。85份龙眼资源遗传距离范围为0.00~0.635，平均为0.299。85份龙眼资源指纹图谱的构建，为生产上同名异物或同物异名的乱象鉴定提供了有效手段。  相似文献   

2.
为从分子水平研究我国雪茄烟种质资源的遗传多样性差异并建立雪茄烟品种的DNA指纹图谱数据库,本研究利用43对多态性好的SSR引物对220份雪茄烟种质进行遗传多样性分析,筛选出14对核心引物对雪茄烟种质进行指纹图谱的构建。结果表明,43对SSR引物在220份雪茄烟种质材料中共扩增出243个等位基因,平均每个标记5.65个,变幅为2~13,每个位点的多态性信息量(polymorphism information content,PIC)变化为0.2078~0.9087,平均为0.6360。有效等位基因数(number of effective alleles,Ne)范围为1.3081~11.7876,平均有效等位基因数为3.9077;观测杂合度(observed heterozygosity,Ho)变化范围为0.0828~0.7639,平均为0.3191;预期杂合度(expected heterozygosity,He)的变化范围为0.2361~0.9172,平均为0.6809;种群平均Shannon遗传多样性指数(Shannon genetic diversity index,I)为1.3756,遗传距离在0.0233~0.9286之间,平均遗传距离0.6816。聚类分析表明,在遗传距离为0.74处,可将供试雪茄烟资源分为3个类群。Structure群体遗传结构分析和主成分分析将所有的供试材料划分为2个类群。根据引物的分析和表型鉴定结果,确定良种、辅善和满耳朵,山东大叶和牡丹江05-1,Florida513和CA0701为异名同种,一个品种保留一份种质,剩余216份不同种质。从43对SSR引物中筛选出14对可区分所有供试材料的SSR引物作为核心引物构建了216个雪茄烟品种的指纹图谱。我国雪茄烟种质资源具有较高水平的遗传多样性,本研究构建的雪茄烟种质资源SSR指纹图谱库及遗传分析的结果在分子水平上为筛选、鉴定优质雪茄烟种质资源、挖掘重要基因以及拓宽雪茄烟遗传育种基础等工作提供科学依据。  相似文献   

3.
以黑龙江省29个大豆育种单位的103份已鉴定大豆灰斑病3个生理小种抗性的大豆品种(系)为材料,选择与大豆灰斑病抗病基因连锁的19个SSR标记检测,获得等位变异数86个,每个标记检测到的等位变异数分布在2~6个之间,平均为4.42个。应用遗传统计软件(genetics statistics 3.0)分析表明, 标记的多样性指数介于0.198~0.751之间,平均多样性指数为0.606。品种(系)特异指数差异较大,介于46.592~481.541之间,平均为87.415。根据标记的等位基因数,使用ID Analysis 1.0软件分析表明,利用与大豆抗灰斑病基因连锁的7个SSR标记(Satt565、Satt547、Satt431、Sct_186、SOYGPATR、Satt244、Sat_151)就能有效区分各品种(系),因此利用这7个标记构建了供试品种(系)的分子身份证。  相似文献   

4.
利用11对SSR分子标记对长柄扁桃10个野生群体遗传多样性和遗传结构进行分析,11对SSR引物共检测到157个等位基因(Na),各位点平均等位基因数(Na)和多态性信息含量(PIC)分别为14.27和0.50;物种水平上的Shannon's信息指数(I)和期望杂合度(He)分别为1.48和0.49。群体水平上的等位基因(Na)、有效等位基因(Ne)、Shannon's信息指数(I)、期望杂合度(He)和观察杂合度(Ho)分别为4.39、2.29、0.92、0.37和0.47;其中内蒙古喇嘛洞群体遗传多样性最丰富,而内蒙古湿壕乡群体遗传多样性最低。分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示长柄扁桃大部分遗传变异来自群体内93%,群体间的遗传变异只占7%。长柄扁桃群体遗传距离为0.03~0.35,平均为0.11;遗传相似度为0.72~0.96,平均为0.89;遗传相似度的聚类分析将供试10个群体划分为4组。研究结果表明,中国长柄扁桃资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,群体遗传分化程度适中,为长柄扁桃资源的合理保护与利用提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

5.
遗传多样性研究是种质资源保护和利用的基础。为探索欧榛品种间的遗传关系,利用SSR分子标记技术,对‘Corabel’、‘Kentish’和‘Carrifran’3个品种共55份供试材料进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:3对SSR引物在55份供试材料中共检测到44个等位基因,位点可检测到等位基因数(Na)为11～17个,平均每个位点可检测到14.67个等位基因;平均观测杂合度(Ho)、平均期望杂合度(He)分别为0.62和0.87;多态信息量(PIC)变化范围为0.81～0.90,平均为0.86;利用算术加权平均数法(UPGMA)将55份材料分为4大类群。研究表明,欧榛品种间遗传多样性水平较高,这为新品种选育提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

6.
枣与酸枣的SSR遗传多样性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了探讨枣与酸枣资源的遗传多样性以及两者的亲缘关系,采用7对SSR引物,对16份枣品种(系)和17份酸枣的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明:16份枣样品共扩增出56个等位基因,有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.798~10.000,平均为6.953,Shannon's信息指数(I)为1.984,期望杂合度(He)为0.837;17份酸枣样品扩增后共检测出73个等位基因,等位基因的有效数目(Ne)为3.273~11.840,平均为7.398,Shannon's信息指数(I)为2.105,期望杂合度(He)为0.843;枣和酸枣的遗传多样性都很丰富,酸枣的遗传多样性水平高于枣;Gen Al Ex分析得出,枣和酸枣居群种间遗传分化系数(Fst)为0.055,居群种间基因流(Nm)平均值为4.295,说明居群间基因交流比较频繁。NTSYSpc聚类分析表明,SSR分子标记可以将枣和酸枣划分为枣类、酸枣类和过渡类3个类群。  相似文献   

7.
为了有效利用微卫星技术分析虾夷扇贝的群体遗传结构并筛选与虾夷扇贝生长相关的标记。采用19个多态性微卫星分子标记对虾夷扇贝一个家系群体进行了遗传多样性分析。结果显示：19个微卫星位点共获得60个等位基因,每个位点的等位基因数(Na)为2~4个,等位基因片段大小为113~312 bp,平均等位基因数为3.26个,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.0175个,观测杂合度(Ho)平均值为0.2952,期望杂合度(He)的平均值为0.6352,平均多态信息含量(PIC)值为0.5671。经卡方Hardy-Weinberg检验(P<0.01)显示多于半数的位点都发生了偏离。运用SPSS 16.0对微卫星标记与虾夷扇贝生长性状的相关性进行分析,结果表明：DQ679223与壳宽显著相关,EF056526与体重、壳长、壳高、壳宽显著相关,DQ221720与体重、壳高、壳宽显著相关,FJ262409与体重显著相关。研究结果表明：虾夷扇贝的群体遗传多样性水平较高,有较高的遗传改良潜力,可以利用筛选的与虾夷扇贝生长相关的标记进行辅助育种,提高育种效率。  相似文献   

8.
孙希平  杨庆文 《作物学报》2009,35(4):679-684
利用24对SSR引物,对来自中国10个代表性居群和越南、老挝、柬埔寨的5个居群共计282份普通野生稻材料进行遗传多样性比较研究。结果表明,(1)24个微卫星位点共检测到等位基因289个,平均等位基因数(A)为12,有效等位基因数(Ae)为7;期望杂合度(He)平均为0.812,观察杂合度(Ho)平均为0.543,香农指数(I)平均为1.99;(2)4个国家中,中国普通野生稻的遗传多样性最丰富,老挝次之,越南和柬埔寨最低,香农指数(I)分别为1.92、1.69、1.47和1.45;(3)采用UPGMA方法对供试15个居群进行聚类分析。老挝和柬埔寨2个居群的亲缘关系最近,二者与越南居群有着较近的亲缘关系;(4)在中国所有参试居群中,广西武宣和贺州居群与东南亚3国亲缘关系最近。  相似文献   

9.
为了了解不同来源芋头种质资源的遗传多样性及其对疫病的抗性，本研究从100对SSR引物中筛选出21对多态丰富的SSR引物，并将其用于109份芋头资源的遗传多样性分析，同时采用人工接种芋头疫霉菌的方法对这些资源进性行了抗性评价。结果表明，21对SSR引物在109份芋头资源中共扩增出71个等位基因，变幅在2~4个，平均有效等位基因数3.38；观测杂合度(Ho)变化范围为0.0481~0.8900，平均为0.3483；预期杂合度(He)的变化范围为0.0841~0.6709，平均为0.3794；种群平均Shannon遗传多样性指数为0.6733；遗传距离在0~1之间，平均遗传距离为0.6014。在分支距离为0.49处，可将供试芋头资源分为3个类群。60%以上的抗性资源集中于I和II类群。本研究可为筛选、鉴定优良芋头种质资源及遗传育种工作提供科学依据。  相似文献   

10.
分析沙柳种质资源的遗传多样性和遗传分化,为资源的有效利用、新基因的挖掘和新品种选育提供参考。应用SSR分子标记分析8个产地330份沙柳样本的遗传多样性。从45对SSR引物中筛选出19对多态性引物,共扩增出74条带,其中63条具有多态性,每对引物检测到等位位点数为2~11,平均多态性位点为3.89,平均有效等位基因数(NE)为1.8171,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.4079,平均观测杂合度(Ho)为0.3798,平均Shannon信息指数(I)为0.6447。利用POPGENE软件对SSR扩增结果分析表明,8个产地间的遗传相似度在0.9437~0.9908。UPGMA聚类分析表明,8个产地划分成3类;遗传分化程度和产地间的距离呈正相关。  相似文献   

11.
Wild soybean (Glycine soja), as the progenitor of soybeans (G. max), is widely distributed in China and has been collected as a supplementary germplasm pool of soybeans. In this study, 375 wild soybean accessions from a set of genebank core collection were analysed for genetic diversity by using 42 simple sequence repeat primer pairs. The mean allele number per locus was 19.62. Ten‐percent unique alleles involving 35 or 83.33% loci differentiated among the geographical regions. The mean gene diversity (h) per locus was 0.89. A very low mean coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = 0.08) for geographical regions and a high mean within‐region gene diversity (HS = 0.81) were observed, indicating that most genetic diversity existed within the regions. There was an obvious relationship between genetic distance and geographical distance. The results showed multiple centers of genetic diversity for Chinese wild soybean in North China, the Huanghe River Valley, and Central China as well as the Changjiang River Valley, implicating multiple site origins of soybeans within China.  相似文献   

12.
Castor bean (Ricinus communis) is cultivated for seed oil throughout tropical and subtropical regions but the understanding of its genetic variability is limited. Because applicable microsatellite markers are not sufficient, we isolated and characterized polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci acquired from a microsatellite-enriched genomic DNA library of castor bean. Finally, 28 SSR loci revealed polymorphisms in a castor bean collection consisting of 72 accessions. A total of 73 alleles were detected, with an average of 3.18 alleles per locus, and the polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.03 to 0.47 (mean = 0.26). Values for observed (HO) and expected (HE) heterozygosity ranged from 0.00 to 0.19 (mean = 0.11) and from 0.04 to 0.54 (mean = 0.31), respectively. To understand genetic relationships within the castor bean collection, a dendrogram was constructed based on profiles of the 28 SSR loci. These newly developed SSRs will be useful tools for assessing genetic diversity and population structure in castor bean.  相似文献   

13.
Balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC) is widely distributed in South Korea and there are some local landraces that are cultivated as a vegetable crop or medicinal plant. Making use of the gene resources of wild-type and landraces is a way to increase the genetic diversity of the cultivars. However, few tools or information are available on an efficient identification system for maintaining and management of these landraces. To improve the genetic resources for balloon flower, 22 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, also known as microsatellite markers, were evaluated in a collection of 42 balloon flower landraces, 34 of which were from Korea and eight from China. All microsatellite markers produced the 107 alleles ranging from 2 to 10 with a mean of 4.864 alleles per each locus (NA). The values of observed heterozygosity (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE) ranged from 0.00 to 0.667 (mean of 0.285) and from 0.024 to 0.741 (mean of 0.416), respectively. An average value of polymorphic information contents (PIC) were 0.382 with a range of 0.023 to 0.703. Results of population structure and phylogenetic and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) indicated that P. grandiflorum germplasm formed two largely distinct clusters according to their origins and the genetic differentiation. There was a high level of genotypic diversity at broad geographic regions between Korea and China, but the low genetic differentiation was found within the collections from Korea. The results of the genetic diversity will be useful for the selection of the parents for developing balloon flower breeding and the multi-locus SSR markers developed herein will be a valuable resource for germplasm assessments, evaluation of genetic diversity, and population genetic studies of balloon flower.  相似文献   

14.
D. A. Odeny    Jayashree  B.  M. Ferguson    D. Hoisington    J. Crouch    C. Gebhardt 《Plant Breeding》2007,126(2):130-136
Pigeonpea is a major legume of the semi‐arid tropics that has been neglected in terms of molecular breeding. The objectives of this study were to develop microsatellite markers and evaluate their potential for use in pigeonpea genetics and breeding. Two hundred and eight microsatellite loci were isolated by screening a non‐enriched partial genomic library. Primers were designed for 39 microsatellite loci, 20 of which amplified polymerase chain reaction products of the expected size. Nineteen of the primer pairs were polymorphic amongst 15 cultivated and nine wild pigeonpea accessions providing evidence for cross‐species transferability within the genus Cajanus. A total of 98 alleles were detected at the 19 polymorphic loci with an average of 4.9 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.17 to 0.80 with a mean of 0.42 per locus. Less allelic variation (31 alleles) was observed within the cultivated species than across the wild species (92 alleles). The diversity analysis readily distinguished all wild relatives from each other and from the cultivated germplasm. Development of more microsatellites is recommended for future genomic studies in pigeonpea.  相似文献   

15.
A. Haddioui  M. Baaziz 《Euphytica》2001,121(1):99-105
Based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, nine natural populations of Atriplex halimus L., a perennial shrub, collected in different regions of Morocco, were studied for their genetic variation using isoenzyme polymorphism of the highly active enzyme systems: esterases (EST), acid phosphatases (ACP) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT). Different allozyme frequencies from 7 different loci were obtained for all populations of this halophyte species. High levels of genetic diversity were revealed. The mean number of alleles per locus (A = 1.9–2.0), the percentage of polymorphic loci (p = 71.4–85.7) and the mean expected heterozygosity (He = 0.339–0.385) showed an important variability in all populations. Gene diversity was essentially explained by the within population component. The between populations differentiation accounted for 8% of the whole diversity (FST, averaged over all loci, is 0.08). The relationships among the 9 populations were inferred from the Nei’s genetic distances. Four major groups were formed. The northern population ‘Tanger’, forming a unique group, was highly divergent from the other groups. It appeared that the genetic distance between all groups was related to the geographic distance that separates them. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

16.
Lablab (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) is a legume crop widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and Asia. In this study, we assessed genetic diversity and population structure of 299 individuals of subspecies purpureus and bengalensis of lablab from Thailand using 13 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The SSR markers detected only 34 alleles in total with a mean of 2.6 alleles per locus. Overall gene diversity was 0.360. Gene diversity (HE) and allelic richness (AR) in different geographic regions was comparable. Similarly, both HE and AR between subspecies purpureus and bengalensis were similar. STRUCTURE and neighbor-joining (NJ) analyses revealed that the 299 individuals were clustered into two major groups. In contrast, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed admixture of the lablab germplasm. STRUCTURE, NJ and PCoA analyses also revealed that the subspecies purpureus and bengalensis are not genetically differentiated. Although the number of individuals from the west of Thailand was small and all of them were collected from the same province, they possessed comparable gene diversity with those from the other geographic regions. These results demonstrated that there is moderately low genetic diversity of lablab in Thailand and the west of the country possesses high diversity of lablab.  相似文献   

17.
Summary Wild relatives are valuable genetic resources for crop improvement. Evaluating genetic variation in these species is not only important for their use in breeding programs, but will also provide information about evolution of crops. Seeds representing six natural populations were used to study the level of variation in the South Korean wild soybean. Electrophoretic assays of the seeds on horizontal slab gels were conducted to determine the genotypes of each natural plant at 35 loci in 17 isozymes and one protein. The results indicated a surprisingly high variation. The number of alleles at each locus was as high as four. Seventy two of the 94 reported alleles for the 35 loci were present in these populations. The average number of alleles per locus, 99% polymorphism and the expected heterozygosity in the total population were 2.1, 77.1% and 0.215, respectively. This amount of variation was not only higher than that reported for 857 soybean cultivars and wild soybean populations from other geographic regions, but also higher than the average for 123 self-fertilized plant species and 473 plant species of all mating systems. The high variation in the South Korean wild soybean as well as cultivated soybean indicated in this and other population genetic studies prompts us to propose that South Korea is one of the major soybean gene centers.  相似文献   

18.
甜叶菊微卫星富集文库的构建与多态性标记的筛选   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
甜叶菊是我国一种重要特种经济作物, 其分子标记相关遗传背景研究甚少。本研究基于生物素与链霉亲和素的强亲和性原理, 用链霉亲和素顺磁颗粒捕捉人工合成的标记有生物素的寡核苷酸探针(AG)15, 间接筛选出含有甜叶菊基因组微卫星序列的DNA酶切片段, 将筛选得到的片段连接到pUC-T载体中, 构建甜叶菊微卫星序列的富集文库。挑取354个克隆进行菌落PCR检验, 从中筛选出158个阳性克隆进行测序。结果表明, 134个(84.81%)克隆中含有微卫星序列, 其中完美型85个(63.43%)、非完美型15个(11.19%)、复合型34个(25.38%)。根据微卫星序列共设计出71对微卫星引物, 其中62对能扩增出稳定的条带。利用24个甜叶菊品系对这62对引物的遗传多样性的分析表明, 有16个位点表现出多态性, 等位基因数为2~8个, 平均每个位点扩增得到4.5个等位基因, 多态性信息含量在0.3163~0.7595之间, 观测杂合度(Ho)与期望杂合度(He)的范围分别为0.2174~0.9167与0.3555~0.8076。通过聚类分析, 将甜叶菊分为大小叶两大类。本研究开发出的微卫星标记可为甜叶菊的分子遗传育种提供有效的遗传标记。  相似文献   

19.
Wild soybean, the progenitor of cultivated soybean, is an important gene pool for ongoing soybean breeding efforts. To identify yield-enhancing quantitative trait locus (QTL) or gene from wild soybean, 113 wild soybeans accessions were phenotyped for five yield-related traits and genotyped with 85 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to conduct association mapping. A total of 892 alleles were detected for the 85 SSR markers, with an average 10.49 alleles; the corresponding PIC values ranged from 0.07 to 0.92, with an average 0.73. The genetic diversity of each SSR marker ranged from 0.07 to 0.93, with an average 0.75. A total of 18 SSR markers were identified for the five traits. Two SSR markers, sct_010 and satt316, which are associated with the yield per plant were stably expressed over two years at two experimental locations. Our results suggested that association mapping can be an effective approach for identifying QTL from wild soybean.  相似文献   

20.
Approximately 7,000 accessions of Korean soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) landraces, largely composed of three collections, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute’s soybean (KAS), the Korean Crop Experiment Station’s soybean (KLS) and the Korean Agricultural Development and Technology Center’s soybean (KADTC) collections, have been conserved at the Rural Development Administration (RDA) genebank in Korea. The accessions within collections were classified based on their traditional uses such as sauce soybean (SA), sprouted soybean (SP), soybean for cooking with rice (SCR), and OTHERS. A total of 2,758 accessions of Korean soybean landraces were used to profile and to evaluate genetic structure using six SSR loci. A total of 110 alleles were revealed by at the six SSR loci. The number of alleles per SSR locus ranged from 9 to 39 in Satt187 and Satt_074, respectively. The number of alleles ranged from 87 in the KADTC collection to 96 in the KLS collection, and from 63 in the SCR group to 95 in the SP group. Nei’s average genetic diversity ranged from 0.68 to 0.70 across three collections, and 0.64 to 0.69 across the usage groups. The average between-group differentiation (G st) was 0.9 among collections, and 4.1 among the usage groups. The similar average diversity among three collections implies that the genetic background of the three collections was quite similar or that there were a large number of duplicate accessions in three collections. The selection from the four groups classified based upon usage may be a useful way to select accessions for developing a Korean soybean landrace core collection at the RDA genebank. DNA profile information of accessions will provide indications of redundancies or omissions and aid in managing the soybean collection held at the RDA genebank. The information on diversity analysis could help to enlarge the genetic diversity of materials in breeding programs and could be used to develop a core collection.  相似文献   

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