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“合豆3号”是一个高抗倒伏的高产夏大豆新品种。2 0 0 1-2 0 0 2年参加国家黄淮南片大豆品种区域试验,两年平均产量2 941 2 0kg/hm2 ,比对照“中豆2 0”增产5.13 %。2 0 0 2年参加国家黄淮南片大豆品种生产试验,平均产量3 13 3 95kg/hm2 ,比CK“中豆2 0”增产10.2 3 %。在多年多点试验示范中均表现抗病、高抗倒伏、高产稳产,蛋白质含量43.3 7%,脂肪含量2 0 .3 4%,生育期10 3d ,籽粒较大,商品性好,2 0 0 3年11月通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定,定名为“合豆3号”。适于黄淮南部地区作中熟夏大豆种植,最佳种植密度为2 1～2 7万株/hm2 ,在中高肥力田块易获高产。 相似文献
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沈农1号(原代号沈农T1)是由沈阳农业大学特种玉米研究所选育的晚熟玉米杂交种.2001年6月18日通过辽宁省作物品种审定委员会审定,予以推广.该品种生育期125 d(沈阳),在1997～2000年的辽宁省各级试验中表现出高产、稳产、优质、抗病、抗倒、抗旱和适应性强等优点,在保苗5万株/hm2密度下,单产9 000～12 000 kg/hm2.沈农1号子粒品质优良,属优质玉米.可在掖单13种植区种植,保苗5万株/hm2左右.制种田父母本同播,父母本行比为1:5。 相似文献
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1 技术要点 1.1 品种选用 选用当地高产质优的主栽大豆品种. 1.2 有机肥或秸秆还田用量 有机肥至少22 500 kg/hm2;秸秆还田3 000kg/hm2;其中,有机肥主要做基肥或底肥使用.农家有机肥与化肥配合施用时,农家有机肥用量保持在4 500～9 000 kg/hm2为宜.秸秆机械粉碎时,要求玉米秸秆含水量大于30%,粉碎长度小于10 cm.秸秆还田数量控制在4 500～7 500 kg/hm2.秸秆粉碎还田后,加施尿素150～225 kg/hm2,进行旋耕或深耕耙地灭茬,耕深应达到20～25 cm. 相似文献
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济宁 1 3号 (原代号 9360 98)是济宁市农业科学研究所以 (烟 1 934/82 (4) 0 4 6) F1为母本、(聊 83- 1 /2 1 1 4) F1为父本 ,经有性杂交系谱选育而成的大穗、大粒、抗病、抗倒伏性强、适于高肥水地块种植的超高产小麦新品种 ,于 2 0 0 0年 5月通过山东省农作物品种审定委员会审定 ,至 2 0 0 0年累计推广面积 6万hm2以上。1 产量表现该品种在 1 994～ 1 995年和 1 995～ 1 996年的品种比较试验中每 666.7m2 (即每亩 )产量分别为52 6.0 kg和 533.0 kg,比对照品种鲁麦 1 4号分别增产 7.78%和 4.7% ,均居第一位。在 1 996～ 1 997年的山东省… 相似文献
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杂交油菜云油杂10号高产栽培因子的优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨在云南省油菜生产中种植密度（X1）、氮肥（纯氮,X2）、磷肥（五氧化二磷,X3）、钾肥（氧化钾,X4）、硼肥（有效硼,X5）5个栽培因子对甘蓝型双低油菜云油杂10号产量的影响,并进一步优化各栽培因子,本文采用五元二次正交旋转组合设计,建立了油菜产量优化数学模型：Y=246.15 +12.70X2 +7.00 X3-6.26X12-9.81 X22-5.07X32-10.56X1X2-6.37X3X4。结果表明各因素对云油杂10号产量的影响大小顺序依次为氮肥、磷肥、种植密度、硼肥、钾肥。其中种植密度、氮肥、磷肥与产量的关系均呈开口向下的抛物线,种植密度过大或过小,施氮、磷肥过多或过少都会对油菜产量造成影响。种植密度与氮肥、磷肥与钾肥交互作用对油菜产量有显著影响,在种植密度10.5～22.5万株/hm2、施纯氮0～207kg/hm2、施五氧化二磷0～96kg/hm2、施氧化钾0～120kg/hm2时,两因子之间均为正相互作用。频率分析结果表明,油菜产量大于3 900kg/hm2的优化栽培措施为种植密度15.48～17.94万株/hm2、纯N、五氧化二磷、氧化钾、有效硼施用量分别为360.2～387.1、170.0～181.4、15.0～30.0、1.46～1.84kg/hm2。 相似文献
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阿青 5号是四川省阿坝州农科所青稞研究室和甘肃省甘南州农科所青稞研究室联合选育的高原优质青稞新品种 ,2 0 0 2年 10月 2 1日通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定。 1990年甘肃省甘南州农科所用自育品系 83- 93- 7- 2 - 1作母本 ,四川省阿坝州农科所育成品种川 83- 5 319作父本组配杂交 ,组合为 83- 93- 7- 2 - 1×川 83- 5 319,经 7年 8代系统选育而成。阿青 5号系春性中晚熟青稞品种 ,属四棱裸大麦 ,长芒、勾头、全抽穗 ,穗脖弯垂 ,全生育期 12 2d。株高 85～90cm ,株型半紧凑型 ,幼苗绿色 ,半直立型 ,长势强 ,分蘖多。种子锥型、黄褐色、腊质 ,腹沟浅 ,千粒重 4 0 8g ,穗长 6 0cm ,每穗粒数 37 0粒 ,小穗密度 6 2粒 /cm。籽粒品质好 ,蛋白质含量 8 4 % ,容重 80 5g/L ,粗淀粉 (干基 ) 78% ,氨基酸总量 8 4 9%。抗条锈病和白粉病 ,中抗云纹病和网斑病 ,轻感散黑穗病、斑点病 ,抗倒伏。州区域试验平均产量比对照品种康青 3号增产 11 4 9% ;多点生产试验平均产量 3139.5kg/hm2 ,较对照品种康青 3号增产 19 2 %。生产示范平均产量 4 0 95kg/hm2 ,较对照品种康青 3号增产 33 6 % ,适宜在我州青稞主产区种植 ,也适宜在海拔 2 6 0 0～330 0m之间的云、甘、青、藏等青稞产区种植。 相似文献
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不同种植密度燕麦灌浆初期光合特性的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过了解不同种植密度燕麦灌浆初期的光合差异,测定分析3个种植密度的2个燕麦品种灌浆初期净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Cond）、蒸腾速率（Tr）的光响应研究结果表明：坝莜3号在种植密度为150 kg/hm2光合能力最强;上述3个光合指标在不同种植密度条件下品种间存在明显差异,其中在种植密度为150 kg/hm2时坝莜3号对光照强度反应较为敏感;在不同光照强度下,在种植密度为150 kg/hm2时坝莜3号的光合速率也最高、光照强度1 200μmol/hm2.s时光合速率达到最大值。 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
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Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
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Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献
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Alejandro M. S. Mayer Abimael D. Rodríguez Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Nobuhiro Fusetani 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2510-2573
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories. 相似文献
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Chitosan is considered to be one of the most promising and applicable materials in adsorption applications. The existence of amino and hydroxyl groups in its molecules contributes to many possible adsorption interactions between chitosan and pollutants (dyes, metals, ions, phenols, pharmaceuticals/drugs, pesticides, herbicides, etc.). These functional groups can help in establishing positions for modification. Based on the learning from previously published works in literature, researchers have achieved a modification of chitosan with a number of different functional groups. This work summarizes the published works of the last three years (2012–2014) regarding the modification reactions of chitosans (grafting, cross-linking, etc.) and their application to adsorption of different environmental pollutants (in liquid-phase). 相似文献
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Alexander N. Shikov Elena V. Flisyuk Ekaterina D. Obluchinskaya Olga N. Pozharitskaya 《Marine drugs》2020,18(11)
Marine organisms represent an excellent source of innovative compounds that have the potential for the development of new drugs. The pharmacokinetics of marine drugs has attracted increasing interest in recent decades due to its effective and potential contribution to the selection of rational dosage recommendations and the optimal use of the therapeutic arsenal. In general, pharmacokinetics studies how drugs change after administration via the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). This review provides a summary of the pharmacokinetics studies of marine-derived active compounds, with a particular focus on their ADME. The pharmacokinetics of compounds derived from algae, crustaceans, sea cucumber, fungus, sea urchins, sponges, mollusks, tunicate, and bryozoan is discussed, and the pharmacokinetics data in human experiments are analyzed. In-depth characterization using pharmacokinetics is useful for obtaining information for understanding the molecular basis of pharmacological activity, for correct doses and treatment schemes selection, and for more effective drug application. Thus, an increase in pharmacokinetic research on marine-derived compounds is expected in the near future. 相似文献