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《林业科学》2021,57(4)
【目的】基于多角度PROBA/CHRIS遥感数据和野外实测数据,结合PROSAIL模型和随机森林模型反演森林叶面积指数(LAI),以提高植被LAI遥感反演精度,为区域土壤侵蚀遥感定量监测提供新的方法和模型。【方法】以南京市紫金山和幕府山为研究区,采用野外调查、遥感影像、辐射传输模型与数学模型相结合的方法,构建基于PROSAIL模型和多角度PROBA/CHRIS遥感数据的随机森林LAI反演模型,对PROSAIL模型进行敏感性分析和适用性评价,确定最佳LAI反演模型,并利用地面实测LAI进行精度验证和评价。【结果】PROSAIL模型中各输入参数敏感性大小为LAI叶绿素a、b含量Cab叶片干物质含量Cm热点参数SL叶片内部结构参数N等效水厚度Cw;模拟的冠层反射率精度大小为0°36°-36°55°-55°。单角度LAI反演模型中,前向观测角55°精度最高,其决定系数(R2)、均方根误差(RMSE)和平均绝对百分误差(MAPE)分别为0.915 7、0.235 7和0.042 6;相比于传统垂直观测,55°模型的R2提高0.75%,RMSE和MAPE分别降低3.76%和5.12%;相比于非线性回归模型,单角度随机森林LAI反演模型的R2提高0.7%,RMSE和MAPE分别降低15.40%和11.98%;单角度LAI反演模型精度由高到低依次为55°、36°、0°、-55°、-36°。多角度LAI反演模型中,3角度组合(0°、36°、55°) LAI反演精度最高,其R2、RMSE和MAPE分别为0.918 4、0.231 9和0.041 5,相比于单角度55°,R2提高0.29%,RMSE和MAPE分别降低1.61%和2.58%;相比于传统垂直观测,3角度组合模型的R2提高1.05%,RMSE和MAPE分别降低5.31%和7.57%;相比于非线性回归模型,多角度随机森林LAI反演模型的R2提高0.79%,RMSE和MAPE分别降低6.72%和9.19%。紫金山西部区域LAI介于0.44～6.70之间,林地LAI均值为3.04;紫金山西部林地LAI整体上呈北部和南部高、中间低的空间分布格局。【结论】最佳LAI反演模型为基于3角度组合(0°、36°、55°)的随机森林LAI反演模型;一方面,增加观测角度可提供更多植被冠层结构信息,LAI反演精度随观测角度增加而增加,但另一方面,观测角度过多会使像元空间重采样、叶片阴影和土壤阴影等问题带来更多不确定性,LAI反演精度反而下降;无论是单角度还是多角度数据,随机森林LAI反演模型精度均高于非线性回归模型,随机森林模型能够明显提高LAI反演精度,适用于区域植被LAI反演;多角度遥感数据能够反映森林立体结构信息和地物多维空间结构特征,显著改善传统垂直观测数据反演LAI精度较低的问题,从而有效提高植被LAI反演精度。 相似文献
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(5)
以Worldview-2遥感影像作为数据源,对东洞庭湖湿地核心区域进行了LAI估算研究。首先对典型的植被指数与叶面积指数(VI-LAI)的相关性进行了分析;然后选择了7个与LAI之间存在显著相关性的植被指数(NDVI、RVI、DVI、SAVI、MSAVI、EVI、RDVI)作为VI-LAI的模型因子,采用多回归模型与LAI实测数据进行拟合分析,筛选出这回归模型的最优因子;然后利用实测数据作为检验样本,最终确立了以NDVI为模型变量的指数模型是用于LAI估测的最优模型,精度达到了74.34%。结果表明:本研究采用的多植被指数比较建立的湿地植被VI-LAI反演模型,是可以比较准确获取湿地区域叶面积指数特征的方法。 相似文献
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(12)
叶面积指数(Leaf Area Index,LAI)作为植被冠层结构的重要描述参数之一,能体现植被光合、蒸腾和呼吸作用的能力。借助GPS和LAI-2200冠层分析仪在攸县黄丰桥林场开展LAI测量。利用ENVI软件对Geo Eye-1数据进行了辐射定标,大气校正和正射校正。通过研究LAI与Geo Eye-1影像波段及其衍生指数的相关性,筛选出2组估算LAI的指数因子(6个指数因子和10个指数因子)。应用k-NN进行叶面积指数反演,同时将反演结果与多元线性回归模型结果进行比较。结果表明:利用2组指数因子进行多元线性回归模型反演LAI中,6个指数因子的模型决定系数R2为0.386,10个指数因子的模型决定系数R2为0.498。从回归模拟的角度分析,10个指数因子得到的模拟结果要优于6个指数因子的模拟结果。利用2组指数因子通过设置4个不同的k值(k=3,5,7,10)得到8个k-NN反演结果中,以10个指数因子得到的k-NN反演结果较好,其中在k=3时效果最好,其决定系数R2为0.733,精度为85.4%。建模精度分析表明选用10个指数因子进行LAI的反演优于选用6个指数因子,其中k-NN方法的反演结果优于多元线性回归模型,说明利用k-NN方法进行LAI的反演是可行的。 相似文献
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[目的]提出一种结合辐射传输模型与遥感云平台反演火烧迹地冠层含水量(Canopy water content,CWC)的新方法,弥补目前对火烧迹地恢复阶段植被含水量的监测,为定量监测植被水分与火灾预警提供理论参考.[方法]以内蒙古自治区根河市火烧迹地为研究对象,基于INFORM辐射传输模型,使用查找表的方法反演森林冠层... 相似文献
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崂山林场森林冠层叶面积指数反演研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以地处崂山林场东部林区作为研究区,运用逐步分析方法对6种植被指数和海拔、坡向、坡度等立地信息进行比较分析,筛选出3种植被指数NDVI、RVI、SAVI可敏感反映森林冠层LAI,建立分别以NDVI、DVI、SAVI为自变量的二次曲线模型、幂函数曲线模型、指数曲线模型以及包含这3种植被指数的多元线性模型,从决定系数(R2)和标准误差两个方面对基于不同植被指数LAI反演模型进行定量分析。结果表明,崂山林场LAI最佳的统计模型是多元线性模型,模型的R2是0.812,具有较好的估测效果。利用该模型反演了研究区的林分冠层LAI,并把崂山林场的林分冠层LAI分为5个等级,研究区的森林冠层LAI分布呈现西北部和东南部较低,而东北部和南部相对较高的特点。 相似文献
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[目的]在利用极化SAR数据反演树高时,时间去相关因子是影响反演精度的主要因素;目前,地面随机运动模型(RMoG)是该领域最有效的模型之一,但地面随机运动模型有着反演困难、耗时过长的缺点。为了改善这个问题,提出了简化RMoG模型。[方法]首先忽略地面运动,只保留植被冠层运动,重新改写植被体散射公式;然后对多个相干系数直线拟合出地面相位;再次通过PD极化相干最优方法来估计纯体散射去相干值;最后利用改写后的植被体散射公式建立查找表,在固定消光系数的基础上通过查找表反演得到植被高度。为了验证本研究方法的有效性,以瑞典南部的Remingstorp地区为研究区,以BioSAR2007项目的遥感数据进行试验,并以决定系数(R2)和均方根误差(RMSE)对4种模型的反演结果进行比较评价。[结果]表明:本研究方法可以很好地改善三阶段算法的高估问题。在精度比较方面:三阶段算法的R~2为0.78,RMSE为8.52;RMoG模型的R2为0.47,RMSE为4.17;RMoG_L模型的R~2为0.48,RMSE为2.50;本方法的R2为0.53,RMSE为6.24。对比三阶段算法,本研究方法在精度上有明显的优势;对比RMoG模型和RMoG_L模型,本方法可有效地减少反演时间。[结论]通过添加植被冠层运动消除时间去相关的影响行之有效。与三阶段算法、RMoG模型和RMoG_L模型对比,本方法具有精度高、耗时少的优点。 相似文献
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分别采用半球面影像技术和LAI-2000冠层分析仪对华南地区最常用园林树种小叶榕(Ficus microcarpa)的叶面积指数(Leaf Area Index,LAI)进行测定、比较和分析。研究表明,2种测量仪器所测LAI值存在极显著正相关(P<0.001);用半球面影像技术测量的LAI值与冠幅、胸径和树高之间也存在极显著一元线性关系,构建回归模型分别为:LAI=0.0444Cw+1.6526,LAI=0.0088D+1.8327,LAI=0.0543H+1.6404;通过模型可估测小叶榕单株的叶面积指数,达到95%的置信区间的估测值范围。 相似文献
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Leaf area index (LAI) is a key biophysical variable in most process-based forest-ecosystem models. However, most such models require LAI as an input, typically obtained from empirical observations. We tested whether scaling principles based on trade-offs between single leaf and canopy properties could be effectively used to model LAI, thereby obviating the need for empirical observations. To do so, we used the process-oriented model, PnET, configured to estimate LAI from these same scaling principles. We derived biologically based LAI predictions (LAIPnET) for the Harvard Forest (Massachusetts, USA) eddy covariance tower site, a predominately mixed deciduous hardwood forest, using PnET, and compared these with a locally observed phenology record and with LAI estimates from both local (ground-based) photosynthetically active radiation transmittance (LAITRANS) and normalized difference vegetation index satellite data (LAINDVI). We generated the LAIPnET trajectory by running the PnET model with meteorological observations from the flux tower as model drivers. We derived LAITRANS from measurements of above- and below-canopy photosynthetically active radiation at the flux tower, and LAINDVI from observations from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite-borne sensor of surface greenness for the 1 km2 cell containing the flux tower. Over a 5-year period, LAIPnET and LAITRANS values were comparable intra- and interannually, with maximum values differing by less than 0.1 to 0.2 LAI units (m2 m(-2)). Values of LAINDVI were similar to LAIPnET and LAITRANS in midsummer, but higher LAI values were predicted in the early and late portions of the growing season. In addition, we used the three alternative LAI trajectories in a modified version of the PnET model and compared the resulting outputs of gross primary production (GPP) with GPP estimates from the flux tower for 5 continuous years. The LAIPnET and LAITRANS inputs resulted in a difference of less than 3% in mean annual GPP from 1995 to 1999, and these were within 7 and 9%, respectively, of the annual eddy flux-based estimates over the same time period. The results indicate that biologically based LAI scaling approaches can closely track temporal changes in a deciduous forest and have potential for spatial and temporal scaling of LAI. 相似文献
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Yonghee Shin Masahiro Seguchi Masumi Koriyama Alim Isnansetyo 《European Journal of Forest Research》2010,129(6):1237-1245
Leaf area index (LAI) is an important parameter to identify the water balance in forested watershed as a biological factor
influencing directly on the evapotranspiration in the forest area. The purpose of this study was to estimate the LAI in a
small forested watershed in summer and winter by applying the Terra/Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer
(ASTER) data to the LAI estimation method. In this study, the estimation was based on the absorption and scattering processes
of the solar radiation in the vegetation canopy and the spectral reflectance characteristics of soil vegetation. First, we
estimated LAI based on Price’s model by application of ASTER data on the forested watershed located in the Tenzan Mountains
of Saga, Japan. To validate the results of LAI estimation, secondly, we compared them to the measured LAI obtained by a plant
canopy analyzer (LAI-2000) on the observation area inside the target region. This study showed that the LAI estimation method
was a feasible and accurate method as indicated by the high relationship (r = 0.97) between LAI derived from ASTER data and LAI measured by LAI-2000. This paper is the first report on LAI estimation
using Terra/ASTER data based on Price’s model and field investigation. This LAI estimation method is a reliable and applicable
method. 相似文献
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利用单株苹果 (树 )蒸腾计算的修正模式 ,计算了果粮系统中的单株苹果 (树 )日蒸腾需水量 ,同时利用 L I- 160 0稳态气孔仪进行实测 ,结果表明 :计算值与实测值吻合效果较好 ( R2 =0 .9664 ) ,平均相对误差为 7.93 % ;蒸腾需水量与饱和水汽压差和叶面积指数的乘积、水面蒸发和叶面积指数的乘积均具有很好的相关关系 ;建立了以日水面蒸发和叶面积指数为自变量的蒸腾需水量经验模式 ,并利用该经验模式逐日计算了 1998年 4月 1日至 6月 4日单株苹果的蒸腾需水量 ,日平均值为 4 .62 mm· d-1。 相似文献
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Rapid urbanization and urban greening have caused great changes to urban forests in China. Understanding spatiotemporal patterns of urban forest leaf area index(LAI) under rapid urbanization and urban greening is important for urban forest planning and management. We evaluated the potential for estimating urban forest LAI spatiotemporally by using Landsat TM imagery. We collected three scenes of Landsat TM(thematic mapper)images acquired in 1997, 2004 and 2010 and conducted a field survey to collect urban forest LAI. Finally, spatiotemporal maps of the urban forest LAI were created using a NDVI-based urban forest LAI predictive model.Our results show that normalized differential vegetation index(NDVI) could be used as a predictor for urban forest LAI similar to natural forests. Both rapid urbanization and urban greening contribute to the changing process of urban forest LAI. The urban forest has changed considerably from 1997 to 2010. Urban vegetated pixels decreased gradually from 1997 to 2010 due to intensive urbanization.Leaf area for the study area was 216.4, 145.2 and173.7 km~2 in the years 1997, 2004 and 2010, respectively.Urban forest LAI decreased sharply from 1997 to 2004 and increased slightly from 2004 to 2010 because of numerous greening policies. The urban forest LAI class distributions were skewed toward low values in 1997 and 2004. Moreover, the LAI presented a decreasing trend from suburban to downtown areas. We demonstrate the usefulness of TM remote-sensing in understanding spatiotemporal changing patterns of urban forest LAI under rapid urbanization and urban greening. 相似文献
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为了研究不同经营模式对毛竹Phyllostachys heterocycla ‘Pubescens’笋用林叶片特征以及竹笋产量的影响,以不同经营模式(带状、层状、加客土和常规经营)的毛竹笋用林为研究对象,对毛竹叶片SPAD值(soil and plant analyzer development value,SPAD value)和叶面积指数(Leaf Aea Index,LAI)进行监测,并于次年春统计春笋产量。结果表明:不同经营模式下的毛竹叶片SPAD值随时间呈现先升高后下降的变化趋势,而LAI变化不明显;机械化带状经营模式中处理D_3(条带宽度1 m,保留条带内立竹和适当竹鞭)的SPAD值及LAI均高于常规经营,且其LAI显著高于(P<0.05)层状和加客土经营中的各处理。层状经营模式中处理C_2(去除竹林地0～25 cm土层的竹鞭)的SPAD值和LAI均较低于同时期的其他处理;机械化经营模式中的处理D_3和处理T_6(加客土6 cm)的春笋产量最高;毛竹SPAD值、LAI及春笋产量三者均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),其中SPAD值与春笋产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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Estimating leaf area index of mature temperate forests using regressions on site and vegetation data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Canopy gap fraction and leaf area index (LAI) were measured using hemispherical photography in 91 mature forests across Switzerland, including coniferous, broadleaved and mixed stands. The gap fraction and LAI derived from five photographs per site could be reproduced with a high coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.7) by regression against simple stand parameters obtained from vegetation surveys: coverages of the tree, shrub and herb layers, and tree height. The method appeared to be robust across the different types of forests. Applied to 981 sites across Switzerland, the regression model produced LAI values ranging from 1.4 to 6.7. These predictions were compared with site variables not included in the regression. LAI appeared limited by the altitude, with maximal values decreasing by one third from 400 to 2000 m above see level. Water availability was also clearly a limitation at sites with a negative water balance, i.e. where the yearly potential evapotranspiration exceeded the precipitation. High or low values of a humidity index based on the ground vegetation also corresponded to a limitation of the LAI, with shorter trees at dry sites and more open canopies at wet sites. Compared to optical measurements (including hemispherical photography), our regression method is fast and inexpensive. Such an approach appears very promising for obtaining reliable estimates of LAI for many sites with low costs. These estimates can then be fed into process models at the stand level. 相似文献
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De Castro F 《Tree physiology》2000,20(1):49-56
I present a simple model that simulates vertical variations in the light spectrum within a forest canopy. The model considers only the vertical, downward transmission of light. The light in each canopy level was assumed to consist of non-intercepted radiation and radiation intercepted within the level and transmitted. The spectrum of non-intercepted light in each canopy level is the same as that of incident light above the canopy (input parameter), whereas the spectrum of transmitted light depends on leaf area index (LAI) and the mean transmission spectrum of leaves. The model was tested in a forest and provided adequate predictions of measured values. Stronger deviations were produced in the near infrared (NIR) waveband in lower canopy levels. Multiple regression between LAI, as the dependent variable, and spectral characteristics (Blue, Green, Red and NIR intensities) had an r(2) of 0.926. As a complement to other methods, I suggest light spectrum analysis as a non-destructive technique for estimating LAI in forest canopies. 相似文献