共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
以已公布的棉铃虫线粒体DNA序列对来自4头棉铃虫雄蛹的DNA的三代测序数据进行筛选,获得了11条与线粒体DNA有同源性的三代read序列,并根据其中的read 66003鉴定出了一种膨胀的线粒体基因组。该线粒体基因组大小为27 113 bp,其保守区域包含13个蛋白编码基因、2个rRNA基因、22个tRNA基因以及1个AT富集区,与已公布的棉铃虫线粒体基因组的结构相似。膨胀区域位于cox1基因编码区内部,大小为11 467 bp,经预测含有一个完整的真核基因(依赖ATP的RNA解旋酶)以及多种转座元件的片段,但与线粒体DNA无同源性,也无I类或Ⅱ类内含子存在的证据。对田间和室内棉铃虫DNA样品的PCR扩增未能检测到膨胀线粒体基因组的存在。以上结果表明膨胀片段可能是细胞核DNA序列通过偶然的水平转移事件而整合到线粒体基因组中的,且该种膨胀方式的发生概率极低。本文报道的膨胀线粒体基因组为日后动物线粒体基因组学的研究提示了一种独特的变异方式。 相似文献
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为研究黑肩绿盲蝽Cyrtorhinus lividipennis的谱系地理和遗传结构, 本文测定并分析了其线粒体基因组全序列。结果表明:黑肩绿盲蝽线粒体基因组全长16 835 bp (GenBank登录号:OK149286), 包括13个蛋白质编码基因(PCGs), 22个tRNA基因, 2个rRNA基因和1个非编码区, 呈闭合双链环状DNA分子结构。线粒体基因组中A+T含量高达76.8%, G+C含量为23.2%, 呈现明显的AT偏向性; 13个蛋白质编码基因均以通用密码子ATN作为起始密码子; 蛋白质编码基因中呈现出明显的氨基酸偏好性, 异亮氨酸含量占比最高, 为10.78%; 22个tRNA基因中有21个tRNA形成典型的三叶草式二级结构; 系统发育树显示, 盲蝽科的11个种聚为两大分支, 黑肩绿盲蝽以99％的自展支持率位于其中的一个分支内。本研究结果将为黑肩绿盲蝽作为天敌昆虫来防治水稻害虫提供帮助。 相似文献
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《植物检疫》2019,(1)
花斑皮蠹(Trogoderma variabile)隶属于鞘翅目(Coleoptera)皮蠹科(Dermestidae),是一种世界性分布的具有重要经济意义的有害生物,我国口岸常有截获。本研究用二代测序方法测定了花斑皮蠹的线粒体基因组序列。结果表明花斑皮蠹线粒体基因组全长15 594 bp(GenBank登录号:MH922966),包含13个蛋白质编码基因、22个转运RNA基因、2个核糖体RNA基因和1个控制区,基因排列顺序与已知的白腹皮蠹(Dermestes maculatus)、小圆皮蠹(Dermestes verbasci)线粒体基因组序列一致;线粒体基因组的A+T含量为71.0%;13个蛋白质编码基因的起始密码子均为ATN,终止密码子除nad4以不完全的T作为终止密码子外,其余的基因均以典型的TAA或TAG作为终止密码子;22个tRNA中,除tRNA~(Ser(AGN))的DHU臂缺失外,其他tRNAs均能折叠成典型的三叶草结构。本文首次测定了花斑皮蠹的线粒体基因组序列,由于皮蠹科线粒体基因组数据有限,未开展系统发育分析。 相似文献
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采用滚环复制和两步长PCR扩增相结合的方法,成功测出武昌罗索线虫Romanomermis wuchangensis线粒体基因组全序列。序列的注释和分析结果表明,武昌罗索线虫线粒体基因组序列全长为14832bp,共有12个蛋白质基因、2个rRNA基因、23个tRNA基因和一段富含AT的D-loop区。与GenBank中现有的6种索科线虫序列对比,结果表明索科线虫线粒体基因组具有以下特点：①线粒体基因排列顺序各不相同;②部分线虫（包括种内）线粒体基因存在重复现象,且重复次数不同;③线粒体长度存在很大差异（14~26kb）。 相似文献
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基于线粒体全基因组解析华北地区棉铃虫种群遗传结构 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为明确我国华北地区棉铃虫种群间遗传分化,通过高通量测序测定华北地区河北省廊坊市、河南省新乡市和山东省烟台市27份棉铃虫线粒体全基因组,并分析这3个市棉铃虫种群的遗传结构。结果表明,华北地区棉铃虫线粒体基因组全长15 345~15 375 bp,长度变异主要由基因间隔区的A+T富集区造成,所有样品的13个蛋白编码基因在长度上均无差异,总群体间遗传分化很小,遗传分化指数为0.025,基因流水平很高,为19.46。27份样品被聚为亚型I和亚型II两个遗传分支,但未形成明显的地理结构,其中亚型II比例较低,仅包含河北省和山东省的4份样品。表明我国华北地区棉铃虫种群存在线粒体亚型分化,不同区域种群之间存在广泛的基因交流,没有形成谱系遗传结构,推测棉铃虫在华北地区存在高迁飞现象。 相似文献
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Xanthomonas campestris pv.campestris(Xcc 8004)是一个拥有复杂代谢循环的革兰氏阴性植物病原菌,它能侵染几乎所有的十字花科植物引起黑腐病。基因注释表明,该基因组存在大量编码双组分信号转导系统的基因,本研究利用生物信息学方法鉴定编码双组分信号转导系统感受蛋白和响应调控蛋白基因,结果表明,Xcc 8004共有111个双组分信号转导系统基因,55个感受基因中的30个与响应调控基因成对存在,很有可能组成一个双组分信号转导系统,25个感受基因和26个响应调控基因独立存在于基因组中。另外,还发现3个HKs和2个RRs未被注释。本文拟通过分析双组分信号转导系统基因及其编码蛋白的功能域架构,为Xcc 8004双组分调控系统的功能研究和防治病害提供参考。 相似文献
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通过RT-PCR扩增了黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV)济南分离物(CGMMV-JN)的基因组片段。序列测定结果表明CGMMV-JN基因组全长6 424核苷酸(nt),5′-和3′-UTR分别为60和176 nt,含有4个ORF,分别编码129 kDa和186 kDa复制酶相关蛋白、29 kDa移动蛋白及17.4 kDa外壳蛋白。CGMMV-JN与另外29个CGMMV分离物全基因组核苷酸序列一致率为90.0%~99.7%。重组分析发现韩国KOM(AF417243)、以色列EC(KF155231)、印度(DQ767631)和我国河北的CHB(KJ658958)4个分离物在RdRp编码区存在重组。系统发育分析结果表明,这些分离物可分成3个组。选择压力分析结果表明cp基因处于正选择,其它基因处于负选择。本文研究的结果为黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒的监测及防控提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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基因是DNA分子中为蛋白质的全部氨基酸编码或为rRNA和tRNA编码的核苷酸顺序 ,是生物遗传和变异的基本单位。随着分子生物学的兴起和发展 ,人们对基因的结构和功能的研究日益深入 ,现在已发展到可以用人工分离、合成和重组基因 ,从而建立基因工程学或DNA重组技术。所谓基因工程就是采用类似工程技术的方法 ,在体外进行基因重组 ,使其在适当的宿主细胞中得到表达。这种基因的重新组合一般能较大的改变生物的遗传性状。基因工程主要包括两个步骤 :一是从某些生物细胞中取得所需的DNA片段 ,或在人工控制下合成这种DNA片段 ,即获得目的基… 相似文献
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Mernke D Dahm S Walker AS Lalève A Fillinger S Leroch M Hahn M 《Phytopathology》2011,101(10):1176-1183
In French and German vineyards, Botrytis cinerea isolates with multiple fungicide resistance phenotypes have been observed with increasing frequencies. Multidrug resistance (MDR) results from mutations that lead to constitutive overexpression of genes encoding drug efflux transporters. In MDR2 and MDR3 strains, overexpression of the major facilitator superfamily transporter gene mfsM2 has been found to result from a rearrangement in the mfsM2 promoter (type A), caused by insertion of a retroelement (RE)-derived sequence. Here, we report the discovery of another, similar RE-induced rearrangement of the mfsM2 promoter (type B) in a subpopulation of French MDR2 isolates. MDR2 isolates harboring either type A or type B mutations in mfsM2 show the same resistance phenotypes and similar levels of mfsM2 overexpression. RE sequences similar to those in mfsM2 were found in low copy numbers in other but not all B. cinerea strains analyzed, including non-MDR2 strains. Population genetic analyses support the hypothesis that the two rearrangement mutations have only occurred once, and are responsible for the appearance and subsequent spread of all known MDR2 and MDR3 strains in French and German wine-growing regions. 相似文献
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Stephen O. Duke Kevin C. Vaughn Ronald L. Meeusen 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1984,21(3):368-376
The herbicidal action of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} was studied with greened and expanded discs from cotyledons of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Discs were floated on various treatment solutions for 20 hr in darkness before exposure to 400 μE m?2 sec?1 of white light. Herbicide damage, as measured by electrolyte leakage, began in the light after a 1- to 2-hr lag period. Cytochemical methods at the ultrastructural level indicated that acifluorfen caused marked increases in production of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide in the mitochondrion, but not in the plastid. The mitochondrial inhibitors antimycin A, rotenone, CCCP, and DNP antagonized the action of acifluorfen, lengthening the lag period and reducing the rate of electrolyte leakage. Ethanol, α-tocopherol, N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl]-N′-phenylurea, and copper-penicillin also lengthened the lag phase and slowed the rate of damage, indicating that acifluorfen damage involves toxic oxygen species. PS II-inhibiting levels of DCMU, atrazine, or bentazon did not affect acifluorfen-induced ion leakage. Yellow tissue produced by treatment with tentoxin was supersensitive to acifluorfen, but white tissue produced by treatment with norflurazon was relatively insensitive. These data indicate that, after an initial carotenoid-acifluorfen interaction, the mitochondrion is involved in production of toxic oxygen species and that this process is closely tied to the mechanism of action of this herbicide. 相似文献
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短小芽胞杆菌抑菌相关基因的高效克隆 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为有效挖掘生防短小芽胞杆菌Bacillus pumilus的抑菌相关基因,对DX01菌株进行了Solexa基因组扫描,并选取其中2个代表性基因TasA和Surf2,以DX01基因组DNA为模板,采用PCR方法对其进行克隆、序列比对及系统进化分析。结果表明,DX01菌株共得到4 267个基因,有3 145个具有明确生物学功能的蛋白。其中,与短小芽胞杆菌抑菌活性相关的基因（簇）有84个,包括2个细菌防御酶基因、2个细菌生物膜形成相关基因、1个信号转导基因、27个细胞壁降解或水解酶基因、15个抗生素合成或转运基因、4个抑菌蛋白基因、1个次生代谢物合成基因簇及32个细菌鞭毛生物合成与调控相关基因。TasA基因在芽胞杆菌属细菌中具有高度的保守性,各同源基因的序列相似性在92%以上;而Surf2基因的同源基因在该属细菌中具有一定的变异性,有的序列相似性低至73%。 相似文献
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利用41个已知抗性基因水稻品种测定2003—2006年从福建省闽东、闽南、闽西、闽北和闽中5个主要稻区采集分离的87个稻瘟病单孢菌株的致病性。结果表明,福建省稻瘟病菌群体含有与所有测试抗病基因相应的无毒基因,其中66.67%的稻瘟病菌株表现较强致病力。病菌群体对水稻抗病基因Pi-d2、Pi-k(1)、Pi-km、Pi-kh、Pi-1(1)、Pi-z5(1)、Pi-z5(2)和Pi-1(2)的毒力频率均低于10%,提示这些抗病基因在福建省可作抗源使用。2003—2006年福建省稻瘟病菌群体中分别出现了40、37、36和38个无毒基因,其中有34个无毒基因在各年份均有分布,有30个无毒基因在5个主要稻区均有分布,Avr-a(2)、Avr-3(2)、Avr-ks、Avr-4b、Avr-b、Avr-kp(C)、Avr-km(C)、Avr-ta(C)、Avr-11(C)、Avr-19(t)、Avr-t和Avr-a(1)无毒基因的出现频率均低于30%,提示与之相对应的抗病基因在福建省水稻品种抗稻瘟病育种中应慎用。含有17、14、23、18和16个无毒基因组合的病菌较多,其组合频率分别为13.79%、10.34%、9.20%、8.05%和8.05%。 相似文献
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De Miccolis Angelini RM Rotolo C Masiello M Pollastro S Ishii H Faretra F 《Pest management science》2012,68(9):1231-1240
BACKGROUND: QoI fungicides, inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration, are considered to be at high risk of resistance development. In several phytopathogenic fungi, resistance is caused by mutations (most frequently G143A) in the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene. The genetic and molecular basis of QoI resistance were investigated in laboratory and field mutants of Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetz. exhibiting in vitro reduced sensitivity to trifloxystrobin. RESULTS: B. fuckeliana mutants highly resistant to trifloxystrobin were obtained in the laboratory by spontaneous mutations in wild‐type strains, or from naturally infected plants on a medium amended with 1–3 mg L?1 trifloxystrobin and 2 mM salicylhydroxamic acid, an inhibitor of alternative oxidase. No point mutations were detected, either in the complete nucleotide sequences of the cytb gene or in those of the aox and Rieske protein genes of laboratory mutants, whereas all field mutants carried the G143A mutation in the mitochondrial cytb gene. QoI resistance was always maternally inherited in ascospore progeny of sexual crosses of field mutants with sensitive reference strains. CONCLUSIONS: The G143A mutation in cytb gene is confirmed to be responsible for field resistance to QoIs in B. fuckeliana. Maternal inheritance of resistance to QoIs in progeny of sexual crosses confirmed that it is caused by extranuclear genetic determinants. In laboratory mutants the heteroplasmic state of mutated mitochondria could likely hamper the G143A detection, otherwise other gene(s) underlying different mechanisms of resistance could be involved. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Although Phytophthora cinnamomi is heterothallic, there are few instances of successful crossing in laboratory experiments, and analysis of field populations indicates a clonally reproducing population. In the absence of sexual recombination, the ability to monitor mitochondrial haplotypes may provide an additional tool for identification of clonal isolates and analysis of population structure. To determine mitochondrial haplotypes for this species, seven mitochondrial loci spanning a total of 6,961 bp were sequenced for 62 isolates representing a geographically diverse collection of isolates with A1 and A2 mating type. Three of the regions were primarily intergenic regions between trnG and rns, rns and nad3, and nad6 and cox1, while the remaining loci spanned cox2, nad9, rps10, and secY coding regions and some of the flanking spacer regions. In total, 45 mitochondrial haplotypes were identified (75% of the total isolates examined) with differences due to single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, totaling 152 bp) and length mutations (17 indels >2 bp representing a total of 910 bp in length). SNPs were the predominate mutation in the four coding regions and their flanking intergenic regions, while both SNPs and length mutations were observed in the three primarily intergenic regions. Some of the length mutations in these regions were due to addition or loss of unique sequences while others were due to variable numbers of subrepeats (in the trnG-rns region, there were 3 to 12 copies of a 24-bp subrepeat sequence that differentiated 17 haplotypes). Network analysis of the haplotypes identified eight primary clades, with the most divergent clade representing primarily A1 isolates collected from Papua New Guinea. The isolate grouping in the network corresponded to mating type and previously published isozyme classifications, with three exceptions: a haplotype representing an A1 mating type (H29) was placed well within the A2 mating type haplotype grouping, one haplotype (H26) had isolates with two isozyme classifications, and one isozyme group was represented on separate network clades, suggesting that recombination has occurred in the past. Among the 62 isolates examined, several examples were identified of isolates recovered from different geographic regions having the same mitochondrial haplotype, suggesting movement of isolates via plant material. Analysis of the data set to determine whether fewer loci could be sequenced to classify haplotypes indicated that the trnG-rns and rns-nad6 loci would classify 87% of the haplotypes identified in this study, while additional sequencing of the nad9 or secY loci would further differentiate the remaining six haplotypes. Based on conservation of gene order in Phytophthora spp., the trnG-rns locus should be useful for mitochondrial haplotype classification in other species, as should the cox2, nad9, rps10, and secY loci. However, the rns-nad3 and nad6-cox1 loci span regions that can have a different gene order in some Phytophthora spp. 相似文献
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TAKESHI FUKAO SHOJI IDA MARY E. RUMPHO ROBERT A. KENNEDY YUJI YAMASUE 《Weed Biology and Management》2003,3(1):15-20
Gene expression was compared under favorable germination conditions between dormant and non-dormant seeds of rice paddy Echinochloa weeds and a domesticated Echinochloa species lacking dormancy. Two dormancy-specific cDNAs, Ecd1 and Ecd2 , were identified by differential display. Northern blot analysis revealed that these genes were more strongly expressed in dormant seeds than in non-dormant seeds. A database search for the Ecd1 sequence revealed no significant homology with any known proteins, but the Ecd2 sequence was highly homologous with the α-chain of mitochondrial H+ -transporting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). These findings indicate that the gene encoding the enzyme associated with conventional aerobic respiration is more abundantly transcribed in dormant seeds. The results reported in the present study suggest that dormant seeds of paddy Echinochloa weeds, which appear during the period when paddy soil becomes aerobic by drainage, may maintain viability primarily by efficient conventional aerobic respiration, including ATP synthesis catalyzed by the mitochondrial H+ -transporting ATP synthase. 相似文献
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麦二叉蚜取食两种不同抗性小麦 所引起的基因表达差异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用RT-PCR和cDNA-AFLP方法研究了两个不同抗性水平的小麦品种在不同危害时间后6个特异选择的基因和全部基因的差异表达.结果表明,在感蚜品种千斤早中,48 hLOX表达最充分,而在抗蚜品种ASTRON中,LOX基因在72 h时才表达最强.AOS基因在感蚜品种千斤早中与LOX表达一致,48 h表达最强,在抗蚜品种ASTRON中,AOS基因持续表达.PDF1.2基因在抗蚜品种ASTRON中持续表达,但在感蚜品种千斤早中仅在48 h有较强的表达.PAL基因在不同时间段内都无明显表达差异.PR-1基因在抗蚜品种ASTRON中,在72、96 h诱导表达,而在感蚜品种千斤早中不表达.BGL2基因在抗蚜品种ASTRON中,48 h后有较强的表达,而在感蚜品种千斤早中也无明显表达.通过cDNA-AFLP分析,进一步验证了不同危害时间、不同品种间的基因差异.从这些差异的基因中分离了10个基因并对其序列进行了分析,结果表明,蚜虫取食诱导的防卫反应涉及十八烷酸途径和病菌相关蛋白. 相似文献