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不同干扰程度对常绿阔叶林迹地群落结构的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
对常绿阔叶林迹地，选择了微干扰下形成的常绿阔叶林和持续干扰下形成的杉木林进行了比较研究。结果表明，微干扰下形成的常绿阔叶林在高生长，径级生长以及物种多样性方面均优于持续干扰下形成的杉木林，而且在林木生长方面也优于后者。说明在植被恢复过程中，应立足于生态学的思想，从整体出发观察森林，力求利用森林生态系统所发生的自然过程。把生态与经济最合理的结合起来，实现一种近自然的森林经营模式。 相似文献
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南捧河省级自然保护区是以保护亚热带季风常绿阔叶林、中山湿性常绿阔叶林及珍稀濒危动、植物为主的森林生态类型的保护区。介绍了保护区植物区系及特点、植被分布规律、7个植被类型及珍稀濒危植物。 相似文献
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长江三峡库区森林旅游业的开拓现状及持续发展侯广维（四川省林业干部学校）廖志抗，龙汉利（四川省林业厅）长江三峡库区周围山地发育着亚热带常绿阔叶林。我国的常绿阔叶林是全球分布最广。发育最为典型的常绿阔叶林。它横跨了十个纬度以上，分布在约２５０余万平方公里... 相似文献
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对开化县常绿阔叶林、针叶林、常绿落叶阔叶混交林3种不同自然森林植被类型进行演替过程分析研究。结果表明,常绿阔叶林是该地森林植被自然演替的主要发展方向;常绿阔叶林、针叶林、常绿落叶阔叶混交林分别代表了森林植被不同演替类型与动态。结合森林群落类型和生境的异质性、群落树种组成与结构、演替阶段和演替趋势,根据森林植被景观的优美性、多样性等需求,对开化县主要通道两侧的森林植被确定了7类15种目标的森林植被景观改造方案,提出了森林景观优化"主景树种+地带性树种+伴生景观树种"的树种选择模式与营建技术。 相似文献
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《浙江林业科技》2014,(1)
通过380个浙江省生态公益林中常绿阔叶林、针阔混交林、松林、杉木林4种主要森林群落的典型样地调查,对不同群落类型物种多样性的时空格局进行研究,结果表明:在空间格局上不同群落类型物种多样性存在较大差异,乔木层多样性指数以针阔混交林和常绿阔叶林为最高;针阔混交林的下木层物种数最高,其次是常绿阔叶林,但下木层各指数在各林型间均无显著差异;杉木林下草本层物种数指数最高,松林草本层各项指数都最低。从时间格局分析,不同群落类型的多样性指数随年龄变化各不相同,常绿阔叶林和针阔混交林乔木层物种数在幼龄-中龄-近熟阶段趋势一致,均为先大幅增加然后略有下降,两种针叶林型的物种数都相对稳定;4种主要群落类型的乔木层Simpson生态优势度指数D,常绿阔叶林和针阔混交林随时间变化趋势一致,均为先增加后略有下降再增加,且显著高于同年龄级的针叶林;常绿阔叶林和针阔混交林乔木层Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′随时间各异,但都极显著高于同年龄级针叶林的指数。常绿阔叶林和针阔混交林群落物种组成丰富、多样性指数高,是浙江省生态公益林的理想群落与目的群落。 相似文献
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毛竹油桐混交林总生物量比油桐纯林和毛竹纯林分别提高了58.37%和13.11%;混交林内立木平均胸径较明显大于纯林;混交林气温温差较毛竹纯林小,而湿度均较毛竹纯林大,表明混交结构使林内气温稳定,湿度增高,有利于林分生长;混交林对林地土壤养分状况有明显改善,其中有机质含量的增幅最大。 相似文献
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以森林资源规划设计调查数据为数据源,定量分析毕棚沟风景区红叶彩林景观格局并运用能更加综合便捷地描述景观稳定性的主成分分析法构建研究区森林景观稳定性评价模型。研究表明:(1)风景区内主要红叶彩林景观类型有鲜卑花林、杜鹃林、四川落叶松林、高山柳林及忍冬林景观。(2)景观稳定性指标中最大斑块指数、斑块所占景观面积比例及斑块内聚力指数对研究区彩林景观类型稳定性影响程度较大。(3)鲜卑花林、杜鹃林、四川落叶松林及忍冬林的景观稳定性较高,花楸林、沙棘林、桦木林及杨树林的景观稳定性低。低稳定性景观类型宜采取改造低价值林分、抚育彩林、构建生态廊道等措施。研究为风景区森林旅游的可持续发展规划提供参考。 相似文献
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宁化县木荷混交造林效果分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对木荷与杉木、马尾松不同混交方式、混交比例的混交林、木荷纯林的生长效果进行调查分析,结果表明：木荷更适宜种植混交林,杉木×木荷3∶1比例混交林的木荷平均胸径、平均树高、单株材积及林分生长量均比杉木×木荷2∶1混交林及木荷纯林更好,具有显著性差异。混交方式以水平带状混交林分生长更好,水平带状混交木荷的平均胸径、平均树高、单株材积、平均冠幅均比垂直带状混交及木荷纯林高。杉木与木荷混交应控制好木荷的混交比例,否则会影响混交效果,而且到一定年龄时对林分应进行间伐,控制好林分密度,促进林分生长。 相似文献
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We estimated the potential of plantation forests for the restoration of the original plant community. We compared the understory vegetation in hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa [Sieb. et Zucc.] Endlicher) plantations at the understory re-initiation stage and in adjacent natural forests. To estimate the effect of the original natural forests on the understory species composition of plantation forests, we established study sites in five types of natural forests (mature evergreen broadleaf, mature deciduous broadleaf, mature evergreen coniferous, immature deciduous broadleaf warm-temperate, and immature deciduous broadleaf cool-temperate) and nearby plantation forests. The understory vegetation of the plantation forests had a higher species richness, a higher proportion of early-seral species, and a higher proportion of herb or fern species than the natural forests. The differences between natural and plantation forests varied according to the species composition of the natural forests. The composition of the understory vegetation of the plantations at the understory re-initiation stage was similar to that of the immature deciduous forests. The characteristics of immature, disturbed forests remained in the understory vegetation of the hinoki forests. No great loss of species was observed. Our findings suggest that most of the original forest species still survive in the understory of the plantation forests. These forests have the potential to follow the successional pathway to broadleaf or mixed forests via thinning or clear-cutting without planting. 相似文献
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论闽北天然林保护与发展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对闽北天然林现状及存在问题进行了分析,提出要从加强森林自然保护区建设、实施天然林保护工程、加强天然次生林经营管理以及建立生态公益林补偿制度等方面,加快天然林建设与发展,实现天然林持续经营。 相似文献
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炼山对杉木人工林群落学特征影响的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The effects of human disturbance on community features of Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forests were stud-ied, the results showed that 1 ) the proportion of phanerophyes in the not burning forests were larger than in the control burn-ing forests; 2)the species richness in the control burning forests were larger than that in not burning forests, but the speciesdiversity and Simpson evenness in the control burning forests were lower than that in the not burning forests;3)the effect ofcontrol burning on the dominant species in tree and shrub layers of Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forests were little, buton the herb layer was very large,which dominated by positive plant species; 4)the community structure was more complexwhich would increase the crown density of stand. 相似文献
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利用2009年广东省森林资源监测数据,研究广东省森林资源和碳储量分布。结果表明,2009年广东省森林资源中2／3是商品林,并以一般用材林为主,速生林（含短轮伐期）的比例不到1／5,生态公益林的面积占林业用地面积1／3;各区域的森林资源中均以商品林为主,占64.7％～73.7％。商品林中除其他区域外均以一般用材林为主,占商品林面积的59.8％～81.3％,而其他区域以速生林为主。广东省的森林碳密度为32.2t／hm^2,其大小呈现粤北〉其他〉粤西〉珠三角〉粤东,森林碳储量为302.3TgC。 相似文献
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The species composition of wood-inhabiting fungi (polypores and corticoids) was investigated on 1138 spruce logs and 992 pine logs in 90 managed and 34 natural or near-natural spruce and pine forests in SE Norway.Altogether, the study included 290 species of wood-inhabiting fungi. Comparisons of logs with similar properties (standardized tree species, decay class, dimension class) in natural and managed forests showed a significant reduction in species number per log in managed spruce forests, but not in managed pine forests. The species number per log in managed spruce forests was 10-55% lower than on logs from natural spruce forests. The reduction was strongest on logs of large dimensions. A comparison of 200-400 spruce logs from natural and managed forests showed a 25% reduction in species richness corresponding to a conservative loss of ca. 40 species on a regional scale.A closer inspection revealed that species confined to medium and very decayed spruce logs were disfavored in managed forests, whereas species on early decay classes and decay generalists were unaffected. Similarly, species preferring large spruce logs were disfavored in managed forests. Forest management had strongest impact on low-frequent species in the spruce forests (more than 50% reduction), whereas common species were modestly affected. Corticoid fungi were more adversely affected than polypore fungi.These results indicate that wood-decaying fungi in pine forests are more adapted to forest disturbances than spruce-associated species. Management measures securing a continuous supply of dead wood are more important in spruce forests than in pine forests. 相似文献